JP2005039688A - Ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents

Ultrasonic sensor Download PDF

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JP2005039688A
JP2005039688A JP2003276512A JP2003276512A JP2005039688A JP 2005039688 A JP2005039688 A JP 2005039688A JP 2003276512 A JP2003276512 A JP 2003276512A JP 2003276512 A JP2003276512 A JP 2003276512A JP 2005039688 A JP2005039688 A JP 2005039688A
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ultrasonic sensor
cylindrical case
sound absorbing
bottomed cylindrical
absorbing material
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Hiroyuki Nogi
博行 野木
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Nippon Ceramic Co Ltd
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Nippon Ceramic Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultrasonic sensor by which nearby obstacles can be easily detected with less detection errors for the ground. <P>SOLUTION: The ultrasonic sensor is provided with a cylindrical case with a bottom which has a two-tier sound absorber material. By arranging a sound absorber material having a large effect of suppressing reverberation as the first tier and another sound absorber material functioning as packing and a partition as the second tier, the reverberation period can be stabilized at a low level and the detection area can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、超音波周波数帯の送信、受波を行う超音波センサに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor that transmits and receives an ultrasonic frequency band.

従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサにおいて、超音波センサを車のバンパー等に埋め込み設置し、車周辺の障害物を検出しようとした場合、超音波センサにパルスバースト電気信号を入力することにより、超音波センサからその入力パルスバースト電気信号に応じた超音波信号が発振され、発振された超音波信号は障害物に到達し、障害物に当たった超音波信号は、その障害物で反射され、その反射された超音波信号の一部が同じ超音波センサに戻ってくる。超音波センサはその反射信号を受信することによって障害物を検出している。
図3は、従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図を表す。図3において、アルミニウム材等から成る有底筒状ケース2の底面内部に圧電素子1を貼り合わせ、ユニモルフ振動子を構成する。圧電素子1の有底筒状ケース2との接着面側の反対面から入出力リード5a、又、有底筒状ケース2から入出力リード5bを半田付けして取り出す。圧電素子1の有底筒状ケース2との接着面側と有底筒状ケース2とは電気的に接続されており、更に、圧電素子1と入出力リード5a及び、有底筒状ケース2と入出力リード5bとは電気的に接続されている。圧電素子1の上面にシリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材3を載置して、更に、その上からシリコン材、ウレタン材等から成る封止剤4を有底筒状ケース2内に充填し構成する。超音波センサは、事前に穴開けされた車のバンパー6の穴部に、埋め込み設置されている。
従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサにおいて、その構造上、どうしても残響時間が長くなってしまう為、近距離における障害物が検出できないという問題があった。また、別の問題点として、従来の構造では有底状ケース2内部の大部分が封止材4で充填されているため、側壁部には大きな応力が発生し、振動しにくくなっている。結果として、検知エリアが広がってしまい誤って地面を検知しやすくなっている。このように従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサでは、実用上不十分な点があった。
この改善策として、センサ天面や天面付近のハウジングを一部カットする方法がある。しかしこれらの方法だと、バンパーに埋め込み設置したときに、平らにならないため外観が損なわれるという欠点があった。
特開2002−209294 特開2001−16694 谷腰欣司著 「超音波とその使い方−超音波センサ・超音波モータ」 日刊工業新聞 1994年
In the ultrasonic sensor according to the conventional embodiment, when an ultrasonic sensor is embedded in a vehicle bumper or the like and an obstacle around the vehicle is to be detected, a pulse burst electric signal is input to the ultrasonic sensor. An ultrasonic signal corresponding to the input pulse burst electric signal is oscillated from the ultrasonic sensor, the oscillated ultrasonic signal reaches the obstacle, and the ultrasonic signal hitting the obstacle is reflected by the obstacle , A part of the reflected ultrasonic signal returns to the same ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor detects an obstacle by receiving the reflected signal.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the ultrasonic sensor according to the conventional embodiment is attached to a bumper of a car. In FIG. 3, the piezoelectric element 1 is bonded inside the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical case 2 made of an aluminum material or the like to constitute a unimorph vibrator. The input / output lead 5a is soldered from the opposite surface of the piezoelectric element 1 to the bottomed cylindrical case 2 and the input / output lead 5b is soldered out from the bottomed cylindrical case 2. The adhesive surface side of the piezoelectric element 1 with the bottomed cylindrical case 2 and the bottomed cylindrical case 2 are electrically connected. Further, the piezoelectric element 1, the input / output lead 5a, and the bottomed cylindrical case 2 are electrically connected. And the input / output lead 5b are electrically connected. A sound absorbing material 3 made of silicon foam or the like is placed on the upper surface of the piezoelectric element 1, and a sealing agent 4 made of silicon material, urethane material or the like is further filled into the bottomed cylindrical case 2 from above. To do. The ultrasonic sensor is embedded and installed in a hole of a bumper 6 of a car that has been drilled in advance.
In the ultrasonic sensor according to the conventional embodiment, due to its structure, the reverberation time inevitably becomes long, and there is a problem that an obstacle at a short distance cannot be detected. As another problem, in the conventional structure, since most of the inside of the bottomed case 2 is filled with the sealing material 4, a large stress is generated in the side wall portion and it is difficult to vibrate. As a result, the detection area expands and it is easy to detect the ground by mistake. As described above, the ultrasonic sensors according to the conventional embodiments have insufficient points for practical use.
As an improvement measure, there is a method of partially cutting the sensor top surface or the housing near the top surface. However, these methods have the disadvantage that when they are embedded in a bumper, they do not become flat and the appearance is impaired.
JP 2002-209294 A JP 2001-16694 A Tanikoshi Shinji “Ultrasonics and their usage-Ultrasonic sensors and ultrasonic motors” Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun 1994

解決しようとする問題点は近距離が検知できない点と誤って地面を検知しやすい点である。   The problem to be solved is that the short distance cannot be detected and the ground is easily detected by mistake.

超音波センサ内部において2種類の吸音材を組み合わせて使用することにより、残響時間を短く安定させることができ、その結果、確実に近距離の障害物検出ができる。また、有底筒状ケースの側壁部に発生する応力を抑制できるため、検知エリアを狭くすることが可能となる。
By using a combination of two types of sound absorbing materials inside the ultrasonic sensor, the reverberation time can be shortened and stabilized, and as a result, obstacles at short distances can be reliably detected. Moreover, since the stress which generate | occur | produces in the side wall part of a bottomed cylindrical case can be suppressed, it becomes possible to narrow a detection area.


本発明は、近距離の障害物検出がしやすく、地面の誤検知が少ないという利点を持つ。

The present invention has an advantage that it is easy to detect an obstacle at a short distance and there are few false detections of the ground.


近距離の障害物検出がしやすく、地面の誤検知を少なくするという目的を、超音波センサを車のバンパーに埋め込み設置したとき、バンパーの面が平らであるという制約のもとで実現した。

The purpose of easily detecting obstacles at short distances and reducing false detection of the ground was realized under the restriction that the surface of the bumper is flat when the ultrasonic sensor is embedded in a car bumper.

図1は本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図を表す。図1において、アルミニウム材等から成る有底筒状ケース2の底面内部に圧電素子1を貼り合わせ、ユニモルフ振動子を構成する。圧電素子1の有底筒状ケース2との接着面側の反対面から入出力リード5a、又、有底筒状ケース2から入出力リード5bを半田付けし取り出す。圧電素子1の有底筒状ケース2との接着面側と有底筒状ケース2とは電気的に接続されており、更に、圧電素子1と入出力リード5a及び、有底筒状ケース2と入出力リード5bとは電気的に接続されている。圧電素子1の上面に難燃フェルト等から成る吸音材7を載置して、その上面にシリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8を載置する。このシリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8の直径は有底筒状ケース2の直径より大きく設計されており、シリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8は圧入するように載置する。シリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8はシリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材3と比較して厚さが厚い。更に、その上からシリコン材、ウレタン材等から成る封止剤4を有底筒状ケース2内部に充填し構成する。超音波センサは、事前に穴開けされた車の バンパー6の穴部に、埋め込み設置されている。
図3に示すように従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの場合、シリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材3で残響を抑制している。シリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材3は封止材4と接触してもあまり特性が変化しないという長所を持っているが、難燃フェルト等から成る吸音材7と比べて残響を抑制する効果が低い。その結果、超音波センサの残響時間が長くなり、近距離の障害物検知が困難となる。図4に、従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの残響時間を表す模式図を示す。
本発明の実施の形態では、図1に示すように難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材7で残響を抑制する。難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材7は綿形状で、シリコンやウレタンなどからなる封止材4と直接接触すると大きく特性が変化してしまうという短所を持っているが、残響を抑制する効果は高い。難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材7を押さえ込むようにシリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8を圧入すると、シリコン発泡体等から成る吸音材8は難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材7を押さえ込むパッキンの役目を果たすと共に、難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材7と封止材4が直接触れないように遮断する仕切りの役目も果たす。その結果、超音波センサの残響時間が低減される。本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの残響時間を表す模式図を図5に示す。
また、従来の実施に形態では図3示すようにセンサの側壁部の大部分に封止材4が接触している。このため側壁部分の振動が抑制されてしまい、センサ天面の振動モードが、本来のセンサより直径の小さいセンサの振動モードに近づいてしまう。そのため指向性の鋭さが失われ、地面を検知しやすくなってしまう。図6に、従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの検知エリアを表す模式図を示す。
本発明の実施の形態では、図1に示すように側壁部に触れる封止剤4は少量のため、従来のセンサより発生する応力が小さく、側壁部が振動しやすくなるため、指向性を鋭くすることができる。結果として、誤って地面を検知することが少なくなる。本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの検知エリアを表す模式図を図7に示す。
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention attached to a vehicle bumper. In FIG. 1, a piezoelectric element 1 is bonded to the inside of the bottom surface of a bottomed cylindrical case 2 made of an aluminum material or the like to constitute a unimorph vibrator. The input / output lead 5a is soldered from the opposite surface of the piezoelectric element 1 to the bottomed cylindrical case 2 and the input / output lead 5b is soldered out from the bottomed cylindrical case 2. The adhesive surface side of the piezoelectric element 1 with the bottomed cylindrical case 2 and the bottomed cylindrical case 2 are electrically connected. Further, the piezoelectric element 1, the input / output lead 5a, and the bottomed cylindrical case 2 are electrically connected. And the input / output lead 5b are electrically connected. A sound absorbing material 7 made of flame retardant felt or the like is placed on the upper surface of the piezoelectric element 1, and a sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like is placed on the upper surface. The diameter of the sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like is designed to be larger than the diameter of the bottomed cylindrical case 2, and the sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like is placed so as to be press-fitted. The sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like is thicker than the sound absorbing material 3 made of silicon foam or the like. Further, the bottomed cylindrical case 2 is filled with a sealing agent 4 made of a silicon material, a urethane material or the like from above. The ultrasonic sensor is embedded and installed in a hole of a car bumper 6 that has been drilled in advance.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of the ultrasonic sensor according to the conventional embodiment, the reverberation is suppressed by the sound absorbing material 3 made of silicon foam or the like. The sound-absorbing material 3 made of silicon foam or the like has the advantage that its characteristics do not change much even when it comes into contact with the sealing material 4, but has the effect of suppressing reverberation compared to the sound-absorbing material 7 made of flame-retardant felt or the like. Low. As a result, the reverberation time of the ultrasonic sensor becomes longer, and it becomes difficult to detect obstacles at a short distance. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the reverberation time of the ultrasonic sensor according to the conventional embodiment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, reverberation is suppressed by a sound absorbing material 7 made of flame-retardant felt or the like as shown in FIG. The sound-absorbing material 7 made of flame-retardant felt has a cotton shape and has the disadvantage that the characteristics change greatly when directly in contact with the sealing material 4 made of silicon, urethane, etc., but the effect of suppressing reverberation is high. . When a sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like is pressed into the sound absorbing material 7 made of flame retardant felt or the like, the sound absorbing material 8 made of silicon foam or the like serves as a packing for holding the sound absorbing material 7 made of flame retardant felt or the like. In addition, the sound absorbing material 7 made of flame retardant felt or the like and the sealing material 4 serve as a partition that blocks the material from being in direct contact with each other. As a result, the reverberation time of the ultrasonic sensor is reduced. FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram showing the reverberation time of the ultrasonic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the conventional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the sealing material 4 is in contact with most of the side wall of the sensor. For this reason, the vibration of the side wall portion is suppressed, and the vibration mode of the sensor top surface approaches the vibration mode of the sensor having a smaller diameter than the original sensor. As a result, the sharpness of directivity is lost, making it easier to detect the ground. In FIG. 6, the schematic diagram showing the detection area of the ultrasonic sensor in connection with the conventional embodiment is shown.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, since the sealant 4 that touches the side wall is small, the stress generated from the conventional sensor is small, and the side wall is easy to vibrate, so the directivity is sharp. can do. As a result, it is less likely to detect the ground by mistake. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the detection area of the ultrasonic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

図2は、本発明の別の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図を表す。図1の発明との違いは、ポール付金属板9である。図1の発明では、圧電素子1と入出力リード5aが電気的に直接接続されているが、図2の発明では、ポール付金属板9を介して接続されている。ポール付金属板9は金属の平板に同じ材質のポールが立てられた形状で、ポール付金属板9の平たい面は圧電素子1に貼り合わされ、金属ポールの先端は入出力リード5aに接続されている。このポール付金属板9は自動機での作業性向上のために取り付けられたものである。
図2に示した別の実施の形態でも、図1に示した発明と同等の残響抑制効果、検知エリアを狭くする効果がある。
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an ultrasonic sensor according to another embodiment of the present invention attached to a vehicle bumper. A difference from the invention of FIG. 1 is a metal plate 9 with a pole. In the invention of FIG. 1, the piezoelectric element 1 and the input / output lead 5a are electrically connected directly, but in the invention of FIG. 2, they are connected via a metal plate 9 with a pole. The pole-attached metal plate 9 has a shape in which a pole of the same material is erected on a metal flat plate, the flat surface of the pole-attached metal plate 9 is bonded to the piezoelectric element 1, and the tip of the metal pole is connected to the input / output lead 5a. Yes. This metal plate 9 with a pole is attached to improve workability in an automatic machine.
The other embodiment shown in FIG. 2 also has the same effect of suppressing reverberation and the effect of narrowing the detection area as the invention shown in FIG.

本発明は、車のバックセンサのみならず、防滴型超音波センサが利用されている様々な分野に適用できる。
The present invention can be applied not only to a vehicle back sensor but also to various fields where a drip-proof ultrasonic sensor is used.

本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention attached to a vehicle bumper. 本発明の別の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state attached to the bumper of the car of the ultrasonic sensor in connection with another embodiment of this invention 従来の実施形態に関わる超音波センサの車のバンパーに取り付けられた状態の概略縦断面図Schematic longitudinal sectional view of a state in which an ultrasonic sensor according to a conventional embodiment is attached to a vehicle bumper 従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの残響時間Reverberation time of an ultrasonic sensor according to a conventional embodiment 本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの残響時間Reverberation time of an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention 従来の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの検知エリアDetection area of ultrasonic sensor related to conventional embodiment 本発明の実施の形態に関わる超音波センサの検知エリアDetection area of ultrasonic sensor according to embodiment of the present invention

符号の説明Explanation of symbols


1 圧電素子
2 有底筒状ケース
3 シリコン発泡体等からなる吸音材
4 封止剤
5a 入出力リード
5b 入出力リード
6 車のバンパー
7 難燃フェルト等からなる吸音材
8 シリコン発泡体等からなる吸音材
9 ポール付金属板

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piezoelectric element 2 Bottomed cylindrical case 3 Sound-absorbing material consisting of silicon foam 4 Sealant 5a Input / output lead 5b Input / output lead 6 Car bumper 7 Sound-absorbing material consisting of flame retardant felt 8 Silicon foam Sound absorbing material 9 Metal plate with pole

Claims (2)

有底筒状ケースの底面内部に圧電素子を貼り合わせてユニモルフ振動子を構成し、この振動体のケース外側面にて超音波の送信、受信を行う超音波センサにおいて、材質の異なる複数の吸音材を封入したことを特徴とする超音波センサ。 A piezoelectric element is bonded to the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical case to form a unimorph vibrator, and an ultrasonic sensor that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves on the outer side of the case of the vibrating body has a plurality of different sound absorbing materials. An ultrasonic sensor characterized by enclosing a material. 自動機での組み立てが容易になるよう内部が改良された超音波センサにおいて、材質の異なる複数の吸音材を封入したことを特徴とする超音波センサ。 An ultrasonic sensor having an improved inside for easy assembly in an automatic machine, wherein a plurality of sound absorbing materials of different materials are enclosed.
JP2003276512A 2003-07-18 2003-07-18 Ultrasonic sensor Pending JP2005039688A (en)

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