JP2005036335A - Dyeing method and dyed material - Google Patents
Dyeing method and dyed material Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005036335A JP2005036335A JP2003198813A JP2003198813A JP2005036335A JP 2005036335 A JP2005036335 A JP 2005036335A JP 2003198813 A JP2003198813 A JP 2003198813A JP 2003198813 A JP2003198813 A JP 2003198813A JP 2005036335 A JP2005036335 A JP 2005036335A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、各種被染色繊維材料を草木染料などの天然染料と化学染料の組み合わせで染色する染色方法と染色物に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
各種の被染色繊維材料を植物色素や鉱物色素を含有している天然染料で染める際に、金属イオンなどの媒染を用いる技術は２０００年以上にわたって使われてきている。
【０００３】
また、草木染めを天然のイオンを利用して強化する方法や、化学カチオン剤を使用して天然染料で染色する方法も使用されている（例えば、特許文献１〜４参照。）。
【０００４】
一方、化学染料での染色は、１８５６年以降均一な染色技術が確立されて価格的にも合理化されており、量産的なすべての染色は化学染料で行われるようになっている。しかし、１９５４年の反応染料の発明以降は、画期的な染色方法は開発されていない。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開昭６２−２３８８８５号公報
【０００６】
【特許文献２】
特開昭６２−２５０２８７号公報
【０００７】
【特許文献３】
特開昭６３−１２７８３号公報
【０００８】
【特許文献４】
特開平４−２５７３７７号公報
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、近年はファッションに対する関心が高く、それに伴って色調に対する要求が多彩となり、天然染料で染色したものは独特のソフトな色調を呈するために人気が高くなっているが、草木染めは、上記各公報に開示されているような強化策を講じても耐光堅牢度や汗堅牢度が弱く、大量生産での市場展開は困難であるという問題があった。
【００１０】
本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑み、天然染料による染色の色調及びさらに多彩な色調を呈し、しかも高い堅牢性を有する染色を実現できる染色方法と染色物を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の染色方法は、被染色繊維材料に対して、染料との電荷数の差が３以上にプラスイオン化して染料を吸着させるプラスイオン化物質と化学染料と天然染料を吸着させる工程を有するものであり、上記プラスイオン化物質と化学染料にて天然染料の吸着堅牢性を格段に高めることができて、天然染料を用いたソフトな色調の染色を実現しながら堅牢性の高い染色を実現することができ、さらに天然染料と化学染料の併用により一層多彩な色調を実現することもできる。
【００１２】
プラスイオン化物質としては、カルボキシ基、スルホン基などのアミノ酸を基としたカチオン剤や、第４級アンモニウム塩などタンパクの基となるキト酸やセリシンなどを可水溶性にするプラスイオン物質や、非水溶性のタンパクから成りかつ粒径が０．００１〜１．０００μｍ、好適には０．００１〜０．２μｍの微粒子の多孔質物質や、珪素や貝などの鉱物質から成りかつ粒径が０．００１〜１．０００μｍ、好適には０．００１〜０．２μｍの多孔質微粉末などが好適である。これらは、単体で若しくは併用して用いることができる。
【００１３】
また、天然染料と化学染料の比率は、天然染料を３０％〜９７％、化学染料を７０％〜３％とするのが好適である。これは、天然染料が３０％未満では化学染料による染色との差異性が不十分となり、化学染料が３％未満では堅牢性の向上効果が不十分となるためである。なお、天然染料を７０％以上、化学染料を３０％以下にすると天然染料による色調が顕著に得られて好適である。
【００１４】
また、被染色繊維材料は、綿、麻などのセルロース繊維、絹、毛などのタンパク質繊維、レーヨン、アセテートなどの人造繊維、ポリエステル、ナイロン、アクリル、ポリ塩化ビニール、ポリエチレンなどの合成繊維の単体若しくは複合繊維から成る、ワタ、糸、織物、編地、不織布、若しくは紙などの形態のものに好適に適用することができる。
【００１５】
また、被染色繊維材料がセルロース繊維の場合、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを９以上とし、温度８０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬し、被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、被染色繊維材料がタンパク質繊維の場合、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを９以下とし、温度６０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬し、被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、被染色繊維材料が人造繊維又は合成繊維の場合、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを１１以上とし、温度８０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬し、被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させるのが好適である。
【００１６】
また、化学染料は、反応染料、酸性染料、酸性含金染料、塩基性染料、直接染料、カチオン染料、ナフトール染料、分散染料の何れかを好適に適用できる。
【００１７】
また、天然染料は、植物の葉、茎、樹皮、根、花、実などを粉体化したものやそれらから抽出した液体若しくは粉末からなる草木染料や、鉱石や岩石類を微細粉化してなる鉱石染料や、泥などを微細粉化してなる泥染料の、単体若しくは複合物を適用できる。
【００１８】
また、鉱石染料は、火成岩、変成岩、堆積岩、放射線を放出する放射性岩石から成り、０．０１〜３μｍの粒径に微粉化したものが好適に適用できる。
【００１９】
また、具体的には、被染色繊維材料を化学染料で染色する第１工程と、第１工程後被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させる第２工程と、第２工程後被染色繊維材料を天然染料で染色する第３工程とを有する染色工程や、被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させる第１工程と、第１工程後天然染料と化学染料を混合した混合染料にて被染色繊維材料を染色する第２工程とを有する染色工程や、被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させる第１工程と、第１工程後被染色繊維材料を天然染料で染色する第２工程と、第２工程後被染色繊維材料を化学染料で染色する第３工程とを有する染色工程などが好適である。
【００２０】
また、上記のように染色した染料を、さらにマスキング、ネッティングなどによりシリコン系、フッ素系、アクリル系、ウレタン系樹脂の何れかにて覆うこともでき、そうすると一層堅牢性を向上することができる。
【００２１】
また、本発明の染色物は、被染色繊維材料に、染料との電荷数の差が３以上にプラスイオン化して染料を吸着させるプラスイオン化物質と化学染料と天然染料が吸着させているものであり、上記のように天然染料を用いたソフトな色調の染色を実現しながら堅牢性の高い染色を実現することができ、さらに天然染料と化学染料の併用により一層多彩な色調を実現することもできる。
【００２２】
また、天然染料と化学染料の比率で、天然染料を３０％〜９５％、化学染料を７０％〜５％とすることで、ソフトな色調と堅牢性の両方を実現でき、特に天然染料と化学染料の比率で、天然染料を７０％以上、化学染料を３０％以下とすることで、天然染料による染色の色調を実現することがぎる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の染色方法は、被染色繊維材料に対して、染料との電荷数の差が３以上にプラスイオン化して染料を吸着させるプラスイオン化物質と化学染料と天然染料を吸着させる工程を有するものである。特に、染料との電荷数の差が５以上にプラスイオン化して染料を吸着させるプラスイオン化物質が好適である。
【００２４】
上記プラスイオン化物質としては、カルボキシ基、スルホン基などのアミノ酸を基としたカチオン剤や、第４級アンモニウム塩などタンパクの基となるキト酸やセリシンなどを可水溶性にするプラスイオン物質や、非水溶性のタンパクから成りかつ粒径が０．００１〜１．０００μｍの微粒子の多孔質物質や、珪素や貝などの鉱物質から成りかつ粒径が０．００１〜１．０００μｍの多孔質微粉末などが好適であり、これらを単体で若しくは併用して用いることができる。これは、カチオン剤やプラスイオン物質の他にも、多孔質のタンパクや鉱物質の０．００１〜１．０００μｍの微粒子も、染料との電荷数の差が３以上にプラスイオン化し、架橋剤や糊と同じように繊維材料に天然染料や化学染料を吸着させる作用を奏することを見出したことに基づいている。なお、微粒子の大きさは小さい程効果的であり、０．００１〜０．２μｍ程度がより好適である。また、これは粒子の大きなアクリル樹脂やウレタン樹脂などを糊として天然染料や化学染料を繊維材料に吸着させるものとは本質的に異なるものである。微粒子のプラスイオン化物質にて天然染料や化学染料を吸着することで、天然染料及び化学染料を繊維材料に薄くソフトな糊で固定した状態を実現でき、その結果化学染料の吸収した色光の反射と天然染料の吸収した色光の反射が両立し、多彩な色彩表現が実現される。すなわち、０．０００８〜０．０３μｍの小さな粒子の化学染料と０．０３〜２０μｍの大きな粒子の天然染料がイレギュラーに配列されて吸着固定されることで、光が天然染料で反射し、化学染料で反射した光も天然染料でイレギュラーに反射することで、基調としては天然染料による染色の色調を維持しつつ、微妙な色調の反射がなされる。
【００２５】
このプラスイオン化物質を被染色繊維材料に吸着させる具体的な工程を説明すると、被染色繊維材料がセルロース繊維の場合には、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを９以上とし、温度８０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬する。
【００２６】
また、被染色繊維材料がタンパク質繊維の場合には、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを９以下とし、温度６０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬する。
【００２７】
また、被染色繊維材料が人造繊維又は合成繊維の場合には、プラスイオン化物質を０．３μｍ以下の大きさとし、水溶液をＰＨを１１以上とし、温度８０℃以上で３０分以上浸漬する。
【００２８】
被染色繊維材料としては、綿、麻などのセルロース繊維、絹、毛などのタンパク質繊維、レーヨン、アセテートなどの人造繊維、ポリエステル、ナイロン、アクリル、ポリ塩化ビニール、ポリエチレンなどの合成繊維の単体若しくは複合繊維を被染色対象とすることができ、繊維材料の形態としてはワタ、糸、織物、編地、不織布、若しくは紙などの任意の形態に対して適用することができる。
【００２９】
また、化学染料としては、反応染料、酸性染料、酸性含金染料、塩基性染料、直接染料、カチオン染料、ナフトール染料、分散染料の何れかを好適に適用できる。
【００３０】
また、天然染料としては、植物の葉、茎、樹皮、根、花、実などを粉体化したものやそれらから抽出した液体若しくは粉末からなる草木染料や、鉱石や岩石類を微細粉化してなる鉱石染料や、泥などを微細粉化してなる泥染料の、単体若しくは複合物を適用できる。草木染料の色素は、インドール誘導体、カロチノイド類、ジケトン類、イソヒノハン誘導体、アントシアン類、クロロフィル、カルコン誘導体、フラボノイド類、タンニン類、ナフトキノン誘導体、ジヒドロピラン誘導体、アントラキノン誘導体などである。また、鉱石染料は、火成岩、変成岩、堆積岩、放射線を放出する放射性岩石から成り、０．０１〜３μｍの粒径に微粉化したものが好適に適用できる。
【００３１】
また、天然染料と化学染料の比率は、天然染料を３０％〜９７％とするのが好適である。これは、天然染料が３０％未満では化学染料による染色との差異性が不十分であるが、３０％程度の量でも化学染料とは異なる色調を呈することができることによる。また、化学染料が３％未満では堅牢性の向上効果が不十分となる。すなわち、従来の天然染料を媒染剤やカチオン化で染色したものは、イオン吸着であっても共有結合と同じように金属イオンを伴っていて繊維に対してはイレギュラーな吸着となっているため堅牢性に影響するが、同色の化学染料を併用することで、同色を呈する化学染料のミクロの凹凸が媒染剤と同じように機能して天然染料の堅牢性を向上し、天然染料が９０％を超えても堅牢性を確保できることを見出したことによる。なお、天然染料を７０％以上にすると天然染料による色調が顕著に得られて好適である。
【００３２】
具体的な染色方法としては次のような３つの方法が代表的である。
【００３３】
第１の方法は、最初の第１工程で被染色繊維材料を化学染料で染色し、次の第２工程で被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、次の第３工程で被染色繊維材料を天然染料で染色する。
【００３４】
第２の方法は、最初の第１工程で被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、次の第２工程で天然染料と化学染料を混合した混合染料にて被染色繊維材料を染色する。
【００３５】
第３の方法は、最初の第１工程で被染色繊維材料にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、次の第２工程で被染色繊維材料を天然染料で染色し、次の第３工程で被染色繊維材料を化学染料で染色する。
【００３６】
以上の方法の内、化学染料を下に天然染料を上に吸着させ、若しくは化学染料と天然染料を並列的に吸着させる第１と第２の方法が量産技術しては合理性に優れている。
【００３７】
以上の染色方法により、染料吸着物質と化学染料にて天然染料の吸着堅牢性を格段に高めることができて、天然染料を用いたソフトな色調の染色を実現しながら堅牢性の高い染色を実現することができ、さらに天然染料と化学染料の併用により一層多彩な色調を実現することもできる。
【００３８】
また、上記のように染色した染料を、さらにマスキング、ネッティングなどによりシリコン系、フッ素系、アクリル系、ウレタン系樹脂の何れかにて覆うこともでき、そうすると一層堅牢性を向上することができる。
【００３９】
次に、本発明の染色方法の幾つかの実験例について説明する。
【００４０】
（実験例１）
本実験例ではセルロース繊維を染色した。表１の各実施例について、まず、繊維材料を直接染料と反応染料とバット染料で染色した。その際には、カセイソーダ、ソーダ灰、芒硝などを一般的に使用し、４０℃の低温〜８０℃の高温で６０分程度浸漬して染色した。
【００４１】
次に、浮いている染料を除去するため洗った後、プラスイオン化物質を吸着させた。プラスイオン化物質の吸着は、水溶液のＰＨを９以上を中心に保ち、多孔質カチオン剤から成るプラスイオン化物質を適用し、８０℃以上、３０分以上浸漬して表面にプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、その後水洗した。多孔質カチオン剤としては、アンモニウム塩４１部、酸化還元酵素であるオキシドレダクターゼ１０部、キト酸３部、ミロナイト１部、水４５部から成るものを用いた。
【００４２】
次に、繊維材料の上に表１に示す各種植物染料で染色した。植物染料は６０℃〜８０℃の温度で３０分以上浸漬することで吸着させ、その後水洗した。
【００４３】
また、比較例として化学カチオン剤として４級アンモニウム塩を使用して同じ天然染料にて従来例と同様に染色した。
【００４４】
このようにして染色した繊維材料について、耐光堅牢度、洗濯堅牢度と、汗堅牢度、摩擦堅牢度について調査した結果を表１に示す。
【００４５】
【表１】
【００４６】
（実験例２）
本実験例ではタンパク繊維を染色した。表２の各実施例について、まず、繊維材料を酸性染料、酸性含金ナフトール染料などで、５０℃〜８０℃で、４５分以上浸漬して染色した。次いで、その上に上記多孔質カチオン剤から成るプラスイオン化物質を吸着した。その際、ＰＨを７．５〜８．５に保ち、８０℃以上、３０分以上浸漬し、その後ソフトに水洗した。
【００４７】
その後、表２に示す各種植物染料で染色した。植物染料は６０℃〜８０℃で３０以上浸漬することで吸着させ、その後水洗した。
【００４８】
また、比較例として化学カチオン剤を使用して同じ天然染料にて従来例と同様に染色した。
【００４９】
このようにして染色した繊維材料について、耐光堅牢度、洗濯堅牢度と、汗堅牢度、摩擦堅牢度について調査した結果を表２に示す。
【００５０】
【表２】
【００５１】
なお、ポリエステル繊維などの合成繊維の染色においても、まず、繊維材料をＰＨ１１以上の水溶液の中で、８０℃以上で、３０分以上浸漬することでプラスイオン化物質を吸着させ、またこの時にアミン系タンパクを加えることでプラスイオン化を強化し、その後各種天然染料及び化学染料で染色するなどの染色方法にて同様の結果を得ることができた。
【００５２】
なお、上記各堅牢度試験は、ＪＩＳ Ｌ−０８４４、他によった。
【００５３】
【発明の効果】
本発明の染色方法及び染色物によれば、染料との電荷数の差が３以上にプラスイオン化して染料を吸着させるプラスイオン化物質と化学染料と天然染料を吸着させているので、プラスイオン化物質と化学染料にて天然染料の吸着堅牢性を格段に高めることができて、天然染料を用いたソフトな色調の染色を実現しながら堅牢性の高い染色を実現することができ、さらに天然染料と化学染料の併用により一層多彩な色調を実現することもでき、またコスト的にも、従来の草木染料での染色の５０％程度、化学染料での染色の２倍程度に抑制することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dyeing method and a dyed product for dyeing various dyed fiber materials with a combination of a natural dye such as a plant dye and a chemical dye.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A technique using mordanting such as metal ions has been used for more than 2000 years when various dyed fiber materials are dyed with natural dyes containing plant pigments and mineral pigments.
[0003]
In addition, a method of reinforcing plant dyeing using natural ions and a method of dyeing with a natural dye using a chemical cation agent are also used (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).
[0004]
On the other hand, dyeing with chemical dyes has been rationalized in terms of price since the establishment of a uniform dyeing technique since 1856, and all mass-production dyeing is performed with chemical dyes. However, since the invention of the reactive dye in 1954, an innovative dyeing method has not been developed.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-62-238885 [0006]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-62-250287
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-12783
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-4-257377
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in recent years, interest in fashion is high, and with this, the demands for color tone have become diverse, and those dyed with natural dyes have become popular because they exhibit a unique soft color tone. Even if a strengthening measure as disclosed in the publication is taken, there is a problem that light fastness and sweat fastness are weak and it is difficult to develop a market in mass production.
[0010]
In view of the above-described conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a dyeing method and a dyed product that exhibit a color tone of dyeing with natural dyes and various color tone and that can realize dyeing having high fastness.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The dyeing method of the present invention comprises a step of adsorbing a plus ionized substance, a chemical dye and a natural dye which adsorb the dye by positively ionizing the difference in the number of charges with the dye to 3 or more with respect to the dyed fiber material. The above-mentioned positive ionized substances and chemical dyes can significantly increase the fastness of natural dye adsorption, and realize high-fast dyeing while realizing soft color dyeing using natural dyes. In addition, various color tones can be realized by using a combination of a natural dye and a chemical dye.
[0012]
Examples of positive ionizing substances include cationic agents based on amino acids such as carboxy group and sulfone group, positive ion substances that make water-soluble chitoic acid and sericin, which are protein groups such as quaternary ammonium salts, Consisting of water-soluble protein and having a particle size of 0.001-1.000 μm, preferably 0.001-0.2 μm of a fine porous material, or a mineral such as silicon or shellfish, and having a particle size of 0 A porous fine powder of 0.001 to 1.000 μm, preferably 0.001 to 0.2 μm is suitable. These can be used alone or in combination.
[0013]
The ratio of natural dye to chemical dye is preferably 30% to 97% for natural dye and 70% to 3% for chemical dye. This is because when the natural dye is less than 30%, the difference from the dyeing with the chemical dye is insufficient, and when the chemical dye is less than 3%, the effect of improving the fastness is insufficient. In addition, it is preferable that the natural dye is 70% or more and the chemical dye is 30% or less because the color tone of the natural dye is remarkably obtained.
[0014]
In addition, dyed fiber materials include cellulose fibers such as cotton and linen, protein fibers such as silk and hair, artificial fibers such as rayon and acetate, and synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene, or The present invention can be suitably applied to a form of a composite fiber, such as cotton, yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, or paper.
[0015]
In addition, when the fiber material to be dyed is cellulose fiber, the positive ionized substance has a size of 0.3 μm or less, the aqueous solution has a pH of 9 or more, and is immersed for 30 minutes or more at a temperature of 80 ° C. When the substance is adsorbed and the fiber material to be dyed is protein fiber, the positive ionized substance has a size of 0.3 μm or less, the aqueous solution has a pH of 9 or less, and is immersed for 30 minutes or more at a temperature of 60 ° C. or more. If the material to be dyed is man-made fiber or synthetic fiber, the size of the positive ionization material is 0.3 μm or less, the pH of the aqueous solution is 11 or more, and the temperature is 80 ° C. or more and is immersed for 30 minutes or more. However, it is preferable to adsorb the positive ionized substance on the fiber material to be dyed.
[0016]
As the chemical dye, any one of reactive dye, acid dye, acid metal-containing dye, basic dye, direct dye, cationic dye, naphthol dye, and disperse dye can be suitably applied.
[0017]
Natural dyes are made by pulverizing plant leaves, stems, bark, roots, flowers, fruits, etc., plant dyes made from liquids or powders extracted from them, ores and rocks. A simple substance or a composite of an ore dye or a mud dye obtained by finely pulverizing mud can be applied.
[0018]
The ore dye is composed of igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and radioactive rocks that emit radiation, and those finely pulverized to a particle size of 0.01 to 3 μm can be suitably applied.
[0019]
Further, specifically, a first step of dyeing a fiber material to be dyed with a chemical dye, a second step of adsorbing a positive ionized substance on the fiber material to be dyed after the first step, and a fiber material to be dyed after the second step Dyeing process with a third dyeing process, a first process for adsorbing a positive ionized substance on the fiber material to be dyed, and a dye mixed with a natural dye and a chemical dye after the first process A dyeing step having a second step of dyeing the fiber material, a first step of adsorbing the positive ionized substance on the dyed fiber material, a second step of dyeing the dyed fiber material with the natural dye after the first step, A dyeing step having a third step of dyeing the fiber material to be dyed with a chemical dye after the second step is suitable.
[0020]
In addition, the dye dyed as described above can be further covered with any of silicon-based, fluorine-based, acrylic-based, and urethane-based resins by masking, netting, and the like, so that the fastness can be further improved.
[0021]
In addition, the dyed product of the present invention is made by adsorbing the dye material to the dyed fiber material so that the difference in charge number from the dye becomes 3 or more and adsorbing the dye, the chemical dye and the natural dye. Yes, as described above, it is possible to realize dyeing with high fastness while realizing dyeing of soft colors using natural dyes, and it is also possible to realize a wider variety of colors by combining natural dyes and chemical dyes it can.
[0022]
In addition, by setting the ratio of natural dye to chemical dye to 30% to 95% for natural dye and 70% to 5% for chemical dye, both soft color and fastness can be realized. By adjusting the ratio of dyes to 70% or more for natural dyes and 30% or less for chemical dyes, it is difficult to achieve the color tone of dyeing with natural dyes.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The dyeing method of the present invention comprises a step of adsorbing a plus ionized substance, a chemical dye and a natural dye which adsorb the dye by positively ionizing the difference in the number of charges with the dye to 3 or more with respect to the dyed fiber material. It is. In particular, a positive ionization substance that adsorbs the dye by positively ionizing the difference in the number of charges with the dye to 5 or more is preferable.
[0024]
Examples of the positive ionizing substance include a cationic agent based on an amino acid such as a carboxy group and a sulfone group, a positive ion substance that makes water-soluble chitoic acid or sericin that is a protein group such as a quaternary ammonium salt, A fine porous material made of water-insoluble protein and having a particle size of 0.001-1.000 μm, or a porous fine material made of mineral such as silicon or shellfish and having a particle size of 0.001-1.000 μm Powder and the like are suitable, and these can be used alone or in combination. This is because, in addition to cationic agents and positive ion substances, fine particles of 0.001 to 1.000 μm of porous proteins and mineral substances are also positively ionized with a difference in charge number of 3 or more from the dye, and the crosslinking agent It is based on the finding that it has the effect of adsorbing natural dyes and chemical dyes to fiber materials in the same way as glue and glue. In addition, the smaller the size of the fine particles, the more effective, and about 0.001 to 0.2 μm is more preferable. In addition, this is essentially different from that in which natural dyes or chemical dyes are adsorbed to the fiber material using an acrylic resin or urethane resin having large particles as a paste. By adsorbing natural dyes and chemical dyes with fine ionized substances in fine particles, it is possible to realize a state where natural dyes and chemical dyes are fixed to fiber materials with a thin, soft glue, resulting in reflection of colored light absorbed by chemical dyes. Reflects the color light absorbed by natural dyes, realizing a variety of color expressions. That is, chemical particles of small particles of 0.0008 to 0.03 μm and natural dyes of large particles of 0.03 to 20 μm are irregularly arranged and adsorbed and fixed, so that light is reflected by the natural dye, The light reflected by the dye is also irregularly reflected by the natural dye, so that the subtle color tone is reflected while maintaining the color tone of dyeing with the natural dye as the basic tone.
[0025]
A specific process for adsorbing the positive ionized substance to the fiber material to be dyed will be described. When the fiber material to be dyed is a cellulose fiber, the positive ionized substance has a size of 0.3 μm or less, and the aqueous solution has a pH of 9 or more. And soaking at a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes or longer.
[0026]
When the fiber material to be dyed is protein fiber, the size of the plus ionization substance is set to 0.3 μm or less, the aqueous solution is set to 9 or less, and the solution is immersed for 30 minutes or more at a temperature of 60 ° C.
[0027]
In the case where the fiber material to be dyed is an artificial fiber or a synthetic fiber, the positive ionized substance has a size of 0.3 μm or less, and the aqueous solution has a pH of 11 or more and is immersed at a temperature of 80 ° C. or more for 30 minutes or more.
[0028]
As dyed fiber materials, cellulose fibers such as cotton and hemp, protein fibers such as silk and hair, artificial fibers such as rayon and acetate, and synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, etc. The fiber can be an object to be dyed, and the fiber material can be applied to any form such as cotton, yarn, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, or paper.
[0029]
As the chemical dye, any of reactive dyes, acidic dyes, acidic metal-containing dyes, basic dyes, direct dyes, cationic dyes, naphthol dyes, and disperse dyes can be suitably applied.
[0030]
Natural dyes include powdered leaves, stems, bark, roots, flowers, fruits, etc., plant dyes made from liquids or powders extracted from them, ores and rocks. A single or composite of ore dyes or mud dyes obtained by finely pulverizing mud or the like can be applied. Examples of pigments for plant dyes include indole derivatives, carotenoids, diketones, isohinohan derivatives, anthocyans, chlorophylls, chalcone derivatives, flavonoids, tannins, naphthoquinone derivatives, dihydropyran derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, and the like. The ore dye is composed of igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and radioactive rocks that emit radiation, and those finely pulverized to a particle size of 0.01 to 3 μm can be suitably applied.
[0031]
The ratio of the natural dye to the chemical dye is preferably 30% to 97% of the natural dye. This is because, if the natural dye is less than 30%, the difference from the dyeing with the chemical dye is insufficient, but even an amount of about 30% can exhibit a color tone different from that of the chemical dye. Further, if the chemical dye is less than 3%, the effect of improving fastness is insufficient. In other words, conventional natural dyes dyed by mordant or cationization are robust because they are irregularly adsorbed to fibers with metal ions in the same way as covalent bonds, even with ion adsorption. In combination with chemical dyes of the same color, the micro unevenness of the same color of the chemical dye functions in the same way as the mordant, improving the fastness of the natural dye, and the natural dye exceeds 90% However, it is because it was found that robustness can be secured. In addition, when natural dye is made 70% or more, the color tone by a natural dye will be acquired notably and it is suitable.
[0032]
The following three methods are typical as specific staining methods.
[0033]
In the first method, the fiber material to be dyed is dyed with a chemical dye in the first first step, the plus ionized substance is adsorbed to the fiber material to be dyed in the second step, and the fiber to be dyed in the next third step. Dye the material with natural dyes.
[0034]
In the second method, a positive ionized substance is adsorbed on the fiber material to be dyed in the first first step, and the fiber material to be dyed is dyed with a mixed dye obtained by mixing a natural dye and a chemical dye in the next second step.
[0035]
In the third method, a positive ionized substance is adsorbed to the fiber material to be dyed in the first first step, the fiber material to be dyed is dyed with a natural dye in the next second step, and the fiber to be dyed in the next third step. Dye the material with a chemical dye.
[0036]
Among the above methods, the first and second methods of adsorbing a natural dye on the bottom of a chemical dye or adsorbing a chemical dye and a natural dye in parallel are excellent in terms of mass production technology. .
[0037]
By the above dyeing method, the dye fastness of natural dyes can be remarkably enhanced with dye adsorbing substances and chemical dyes, and dyeing with high fastness is achieved while realizing soft color dyeing using natural dyes. Furthermore, by using a natural dye and a chemical dye in combination, a wider variety of colors can be realized.
[0038]
In addition, the dye dyed as described above can be further covered with any of silicon-based, fluorine-based, acrylic-based, and urethane-based resins by masking, netting, and the like, so that the fastness can be further improved.
[0039]
Next, some experimental examples of the staining method of the present invention will be described.
[0040]
(Experimental example 1)
In this experimental example, cellulose fibers were dyed. For each example in Table 1, the fiber material was first dyed with a direct dye, a reactive dye and a vat dye. At that time, caustic soda, soda ash, mirabilite, and the like were generally used, and dyed by dipping at a low temperature of 40 ° C. to a high temperature of 80 ° C. for about 60 minutes.
[0041]
Next, after washing to remove the floating dye, the plus ionized material was adsorbed. For the adsorption of the positive ionized substance, the pH of the aqueous solution is kept at 9 or more, and the positive ionized substance composed of a porous cation agent is applied, and the positive ionized substance is adsorbed on the surface by immersing at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes or more. Thereafter, it was washed with water. As the porous cation agent, one comprising 41 parts of an ammonium salt, 10 parts of oxidoreductase which is an oxidoreductase, 3 parts of chito acid, 1 part of mylonite and 45 parts of water was used.
[0042]
Next, the fiber material was dyed with various plant dyes shown in Table 1. The plant dye was adsorbed by being immersed for 30 minutes or more at a temperature of 60 ° C. to 80 ° C., and then washed with water.
[0043]
Further, as a comparative example, a quaternary ammonium salt was used as a chemical cation agent and dyed in the same manner as in the conventional example with the same natural dye.
[0044]
Table 1 shows the results of investigations on the fastness to light, the fastness to washing, the fastness to sweat and the fastness to friction of the fiber material dyed in this way.
[0045]
[Table 1]
[0046]
(Experimental example 2)
In this experimental example, protein fibers were stained. About each Example of Table 2, first, the fiber material was dye | stained with an acidic dye, an acidic metal-containing naphthol dye, etc. at 50 to 80 degreeC for 45 minutes or more. Next, a positive ionized substance composed of the porous cation agent was adsorbed thereon. In that case, PH was maintained at 7.5-8.5, and it immersed in 80 degreeC or more and 30 minutes or more, and washed with water softly after that.
[0047]
Then, it dye | stained with the various plant dyes shown in Table 2. The vegetable dye was adsorbed by being immersed at 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. for 30 or more, and then washed with water.
[0048]
Further, as a comparative example, a chemical cation agent was used and dyed in the same manner as in the conventional example with the same natural dye.
[0049]
Table 2 shows the results of investigation on the light fastness, wash fastness, sweat fastness, and friction fastness of the fiber material dyed in this way.
[0050]
[Table 2]
[0051]
In dyeing synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, first, the fiber material is immersed in an aqueous solution of PH11 or higher at 80 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes or longer to adsorb the positive ionized substance. Similar results could be obtained by staining methods such as adding protein to enhance positive ionization and then staining with various natural and chemical dyes.
[0052]
In addition, each said fastness test was based on JISL-0844 and others.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the dyeing method and the dyed product of the present invention, since the difference in the number of charges with the dye is positively ionized to 3 or more, the positive ionized substance that adsorbs the dye, the chemical dye, and the natural dye are adsorbed. With natural dyes and chemical dyes, the fastness of natural dyes can be greatly enhanced, and dyeing with soft colors can be achieved while using natural dyes. By using chemical dyes in combination, it is possible to realize a wider variety of color tones, and in terms of cost, it can be suppressed to about 50% of dyeing with conventional plant dyes and about twice as much as dyeing with chemical dyes.
Claims (20)
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| JP2008050733A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd | Method for dyeing polyester-based textile product |
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| JP2008050733A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd | Method for dyeing polyester-based textile product |
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| JP7432202B2 (en) | 2020-02-13 | 2024-02-16 | 小松マテーレ株式会社 | Polyester fiber fabrics and polyester fiber products |
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