JP2005030673A - Heat exchanger and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Heat exchanger and manufacturing method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005030673A
JP2005030673A JP2003195811A JP2003195811A JP2005030673A JP 2005030673 A JP2005030673 A JP 2005030673A JP 2003195811 A JP2003195811 A JP 2003195811A JP 2003195811 A JP2003195811 A JP 2003195811A JP 2005030673 A JP2005030673 A JP 2005030673A
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Prior art keywords
heat transfer
header
shell
heat
heat exchanger
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JP2003195811A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Michio Sasaki
道生 佐々木
Motofumi Ono
元文 小野
Katsumi Fujima
克己 藤間
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Mayekawa Manufacturing Co
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Mayekawa Manufacturing Co
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Priority to JP2003195811A priority Critical patent/JP2005030673A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/006—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger allowing drastic reduction of assembling man-hours and reduction of the number of components to reduce production cost, without requiring any fastening means such as a bolt while keeping heat exchange performance high. <P>SOLUTION: In this heat exchanger, a large number of heat transfer tubes are stored inside a cylindrical shell, an inlet header and an outlet header are fixed to both the sides of the shell, and a first fluid flowing to the outlet header from the inlet header through the insides of the heat transfer tubes and a second fluid flowing inside the shell are heat-exchanged through the heat transfer pipes. In the heat exchanger, the large number of heat transfer tubes are bundled and stored in the shell, and both end parts of each heat transfer tube are welded to the inner sides of the inlet header and the outlet header by a fluxing agent having a lower melting point than the heat transfer tube and the two headers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ＣＯ２冷凍機用凝縮器等に適用され、シェルの両側に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、入口ヘッダーからシェルの内部に収納された伝熱管内を経て出口ヘッダーへと流動する第１の流体とシェルの内部を流動する第２の流体とを伝熱管を介して熱交換するように構成された熱交換器及びその製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、腐蝕性流体の冷却、加熱や腐蝕性ガスの凝縮等にプラスチック熱交換器が使用されるようになってきた。かかるプラスチック熱交換器は、伝熱管に適用されるプラスチックが金属に比べて熱伝導率がはるかに小さいため、多数の薄肉細径の伝熱管を束ねてハニカム構造にし、伝熱面積を増大させることで熱交換器の容量を確保している。
【０００３】
かかるプラスチック熱交換器の１つとして特許文献１（特開２００１−３３０３９２公報）の技術が提供されている。
かかる技術においては、内部を液体（第１の流体）が流れる多数の薄肉細径の伝熱管を束ね、ハニカム構造にした伝熱管組立体をＵ字状に屈曲させてケーシング（シェル）内に垂直方向に収納するとともに、該ケーシングの上部から下部へとガス（第２の流体）を流動させ、前記伝熱管組立体の周囲に第２の流体の案内板を該伝熱管組立体と斜めに交差するように設けて熱交換性能の増大を図っている。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２００１−３３０３９２公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記特許文献１の技術においては、ケーシングの上部を覆う蓋部材のガス入口の左右に伝熱管組立体用の入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーをボルト等によって取付け、該蓋部材のフランジ部をケーシング上部のフランジ部にボルトにより固定する構造となっている。
【０００６】
従って、かかる従来技術にあっては、伝熱管組立体を蓋部材に挿入して該伝熱管組立体の両端部に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、該入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーをボルト等によって蓋部材に取付けることによって該伝熱管組立体を蓋部材に固定し、該蓋部材を多数のボルトによってケーシング上部にフランジ結合する構造であることから、熱交換器の組立にあたっては、伝熱管組立体と入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを蓋部材に取付ける工程、及び伝熱管組立体と入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーが固定された該蓋部材を多くのボルトによってケーシング上部に固定する工程等の多くの工数を必要とし、該熱交換器の組立工数が増加する。
また、かかる従来技術にあっては、ケーシング、伝熱管組立体、該伝熱管組立体用の入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの他に、該蓋部材及び該蓋部材取付け用の多くのボルトを必要とするため、部品点数が多くなって、前記組立工数の増加と相俟って熱交換器の製造コストが高くなる。
等の解決すべき課題を有している。
【０００７】
本発明はかかる従来技術の課題に鑑み、熱交換性能を高く維持しつつ、ボルト等の締着手段を一切必要とせず、組立工数を大幅に低減可能とするとともに部品点数も低減できて、製造コストの低減を実現し得る熱交換器を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明はかかる目的を達成するもので、筒状に形成されたシェルの内部に多数の伝熱管を収納するとともに、該シェルの両側に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、
前記入口ヘッダーから伝熱管内を経て出口ヘッダーへと流動する第１の流体と前記シェルの内部を流動する第２の流体とを前記伝熱管を介して熱交換するように構成された熱交換器において、前記多数の伝熱管に１枚以上のバッフル部材を適所に挿入した束を前記シェル内に収納し、該伝熱管の両端部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内側に、該伝熱管及び前記２つのヘッダーよりも融点の低い溶融剤により溶着してなることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
また、かかる熱交換器において、好ましくは、前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーは、縮小あるいは拡大成形されて、前記バッフル部材を挿入した束の外周と所定の間隙を有する部分と前記シェルと組立て上必要な間隙を維持する部分とを備える。
そして、前記多数の伝熱管に１枚以上のバッフル部材を適所に挿入した束を捩じった形態で前記シェル内に収納するのがよい。
【００１０】
かかる発明によれば、前記熱交換器を製造するにあたり、多数の伝熱管を好ましくは捩じった形態で束ね、好ましくは各伝熱管の間にバッフル部材を挿入して、該伝熱管の両端部を入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内側に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を形成する。
前記溶融剤は、銀ろう等の、前記伝熱管及び前記２つのヘッダーよりも融点の低い溶融剤を用いる。
【００１１】
そして、筒状の組み立て可能なシェルの両端部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの外周に嵌合可能な形状に加工しておき、前記伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を前記シェルの内部に収納して、前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの外周と前記シェルの両端部とをろう付けまたは締め付け等によって固着する。
この際において、前記伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体の外周と前記シェルの内周との間に間材を挿入する。このようにすれば、前記組立体の外周とシェルの内周との間に、前記第２の流体が円滑に流動可能な隙間を保持することができる。
【００１２】
従って、かかる発明によれば、多数の伝熱管を束ね、該伝熱管の両端部を入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内側に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を形成しておき、該伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体をシェルの内部に長手方向に組み込んで収納し、該伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体における前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの外周と組み立て可能なシェルの両端部をろう付けまたは締め付け等によって固着することにより、熱交換器を組み立てることができるので、ボルト等の締着手段を一切必要とせず、従来のものに比べて組立工数を大幅に低減できるとともに、部品点数も低減できる。
【００１３】
また、多数の伝熱管を束ね、各伝熱管の間にバッフル部材を挿入することにより、一体に束ねられた多数の伝熱管間にバッフル部材によって流体（第２の流体）の通路を確実に形成でき、各伝熱管の内外間の熱通過率が均一となりかつ上昇する。
【００１４】
また、かかる発明において好ましくは、前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの流体入口端部及び流体出口端部は、絞り加工成形により縮形して形成されてなる。
このように構成すれば、入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを、薄肉筒体の一端部を配管接続用として絞り加工成形により縮形するのみで製作できるので、該入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの製作工数が少なくて済み、製作コストを低減できる。
【００１５】
また、かかる発明において好ましくは、前記各伝熱管はその両端部を円形状あるいは多角形状に拡管して形成され、該拡管部が前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内部に溶着されてなる。
またかかる熱交換器を製造する方法として、筒状に形成されたシェルの内部に多数の伝熱管を収納するとともに、該シェルの両側に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、前記入口ヘッダーから伝熱管内を経て出口ヘッダーへと流動する第１の流体と前記シェルの内部を流動する第２の流体とを前記伝熱管を介して熱交換するように構成された熱交換器の製造方法において、前記多数の伝熱管を束ね、該伝熱管の両端部を円形状あるいは多角形状に拡管し、該拡管部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内部に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を形成し、該伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を前記シェルの内部に収納して、前記シェルの両端部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーに固着することを特徴とする熱交換器の製造方法を提案する。
【００１６】
このように構成すれば、各伝熱管の両端側の拡管部同士が接着することにより、各伝熱管の両端側のみを確実に接着することができるとともに、各伝熱管の中間部が互いに接触することなく、流体（第２の流体）の通路を確実に形成できる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図に示した実施例を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、この実施例に記載される構成部品の寸法、形状、その相対配置などは特に特定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する趣旨ではなく単なる説明例に過ぎない。
【００１８】
図１は本発明の実施例に係るＣＯ２冷凍機の凝縮器に適用される熱交換器の縦断面図である。図２は前記熱交換器におけるヘッダー、伝熱管組立体の一部縦断面を示す側面図である。図３は前記ヘッダーと伝熱管との取付け構造を示し、（Ａ）は熱交換器中心１００ａよりも上半分の断面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＡ矢視図である。図４は前記実施例における伝熱管端部の変形例を示し、（Ａ）は正面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。
【００１９】
本発明に係る熱交換器の実施例を示す図１〜２において、１１は円筒状に形成されたシェルで、鋼、アルミニウム合金、銅合金等の金属材料あるいは硬質プラスチック等からなる。該シェル１１の長手方向２箇所には水等の冷却流体を導入するための冷却流体入口１９及び該シェル１１内で後述するＣＯ２ガスとの熱交換を行った後の冷却流体を戻すための冷却流体出口２０が開口されている。
また、前記シェル１１の両端部には先端が縮小された接続部材０１１がろう付けにより固着され、該接続部材０１１に、後述する入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３がろう付けまたは締め付けによって固着されるようになっている。
【００２０】
１４は内部を前記ＣＯ２冷媒が流動する伝熱管で、薄肉細径の銅あるいは銅合金管、アルミニウム合金管、プラスチック管等からなる。
１２及び１３は銅あるいは銅合金、アルミニウム合金、硬質プラスチック材等からなる入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーである。該入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３には、冷媒の入口側及び出口側を絞り加工成形により縮径した絞り成形部１２ａ、１３ａが形成されている。
該入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３をこのように構成すれば、薄肉筒体の一端部を配管接続用として絞り加工成形により絞り成形部１２ａ、１３ａを形成するのみ、という簡単な工程で該入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３を製作できる。
３０はヘッダー・伝熱管組立体で、前記伝熱管１４を捩じった形態で多数束ねて（１４ｄは捩れ部）ハニカム構造にし、該伝熱管１４の両端部を前記入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３の内部に銀ろう３１（該伝熱管１４及び前記２つのヘッダー１２，１３よりも融点の低い溶融剤であればよい）によって固着してなる。
【００２１】
即ち、前記のようにして束ねられた伝熱管１４は、図３（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように（図３（Ａ）、（Ｂ）は出口ヘッダー１３側を示すが、入口ヘッダー１２側もこれと同一形状である）、該伝熱管１４の端部１４ｂを前記出口ヘッダー１３の内部に、各伝熱管１４の間の間隔が均一になるようにして挿入され、銀ろう（溶融剤）３１を充填することによって該出口ヘッダー１３の内部に固着されている。
前記各伝熱管１４の出口側は、前記出口ヘッダー１３の出口室１３ｂに開口され、また前記各伝熱管１４の入口側は、入口ヘッダー１２の入口室１２ｂに開口されている。
【００２２】
前記各伝熱管１４の間には、前記銀ろう（溶融剤）３１よりも高融点の材料からなるバッフル部材１７が、該伝熱管１４の長手方向複数箇所に設けられて、該バッフル部材１７により各伝熱管１４の間に前記冷却流体の通路を確保している。
以上のような、一体に束ねられた多数の伝熱管１４を入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３に固着し、該伝熱管１４の間にバッフル部材１７を挿入して、図２に示すようなヘッダー・伝熱管組立体３０を形成する。
１６は前記シェル１１の内周と前記ヘッダー・伝熱管組立体３０の外周との間に介装された間材で、該間材１６によって前記ヘッダー・伝熱管組立体３０とシェル１１の内周との隙間を一定に保持している。
【００２３】
前記伝熱管１４の他の例では、図４に示されるように、各伝熱管１４の両端部を多角形状（円形状でもよい）に拡管した拡径部１４ｃを形成し、該拡径部１４ｃが前記入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３の内部に銀ろう３１により溶着されている。
また、該伝熱管１４は、隣り合う前記拡径部１４ｃの辺部１４ｅを平行に配置して、銀ろう３１により前記辺部１４ｅ同士を溶着している。
即ちかかる例では、前記多数の伝熱管１４を束ね、該伝熱管１４の両端部を多角形状（円形状でもよい）に拡管し、該拡管部を前記入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３の内部に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体３０を形成し、該伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体３０を前記シェル１１の内部に収納して、前記シェル１１と入口ヘッダー１２及び出口ヘッダー１３とを固着する方法によって熱交換器を製作する。
このように構成すれば、各伝熱管１４の両端側の前記拡径部１４ｃ同士が銀ろう３１を介して接着されることにより、各伝熱管１４の両端側のみを確実に接着することができるとともに、各伝熱管１４の中間部１４ｆが互いに接触することがなく、冷却流体の通路を確実に形成できる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
以上記載のごとく本発明によれば、多数の伝熱管を束ね、該伝熱管の両端部を入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内側に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管及びヘッダー組立体を形成しておき、該組立体をシェルの内部に長手方向に組み込んで収納し、該組立体における前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの外周と絞り加工成形により縮形した該シェルの両端部内周とをろう付けまたは締め付け等によって固着することにより、熱交換器を組み立てることができるので、ボルト等の締着手段を一切必要とせず、従来のものに比べて組立工数を大幅に低減できるとともに、部品点数も低減できる。
また、束ねられた多数の伝熱管の間にバッフル部材を挿入することにより、束ねられた多数の伝熱管間にバッフル部材によって流体（第２の流体）の通路を確実に形成でき、各伝熱管の内外間の熱通過率が均一となりかつ上昇する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例に係るＣＯ２冷凍機の凝縮器に適用される熱交換器の縦断面図である。
【図２】前記熱交換器におけるヘッダー、伝熱管組立体の一部縦断面を示す側面図である。
【図３】前記ヘッダーと伝熱管との取付け構造を示し、（Ａ）は熱交換器中心よりも上半分の断面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）の矢視図である。
【図４】前記実施例における伝熱管端部の変形例を示し、（Ａ）は正面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１１ シェル
１１ａ 縮径部
１２ 入口ヘッダー
１３ 出口ヘッダー
１２ａ、１３ａ 絞り成形部
１４ 伝熱管
１４ｃ 拡径部
１６ 間材
１７ バッフル部材
３０ ヘッダー・伝熱管組立体
３１ 銀ろう
１００ 熱交換器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is applied to a condenser for a CO 2 refrigerator, etc., fixing an inlet header and an outlet header on both sides of the shell, and flows from the inlet header to the outlet header through a heat transfer tube housed inside the shell. The present invention relates to a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between a first fluid and a second fluid flowing inside a shell through a heat transfer tube, and a manufacturing method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, plastic heat exchangers have been used for cooling corrosive fluids, heating, condensing corrosive gases, and the like. In such a plastic heat exchanger, the plastic applied to the heat transfer tube has a much lower thermal conductivity than the metal, so that a large number of thin heat transfer tubes are bundled into a honeycomb structure to increase the heat transfer area. The capacity of the heat exchanger is secured.
[0003]
As one of such plastic heat exchangers, the technique of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-330392) is provided.
In such a technique, a large number of thin-walled thin heat transfer tubes through which a liquid (first fluid) flows are bundled, and a heat transfer tube assembly having a honeycomb structure is bent in a U shape so as to be perpendicular to a casing (shell). And the gas (second fluid) flows from the upper part to the lower part of the casing, and a second fluid guide plate obliquely intersects the heat transfer tube assembly around the heat transfer tube assembly. In order to increase the heat exchange performance.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-330392
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the technique of Patent Document 1, the inlet header and outlet header for the heat transfer tube assembly are attached to the left and right of the gas inlet of the lid member covering the upper portion of the casing with bolts, and the flange portion of the lid member is attached to the flange at the upper portion of the casing. It is structured to be fixed to the part with bolts.
[0006]
Therefore, in this prior art, the heat transfer tube assembly is inserted into the lid member, the inlet header and the outlet header are fixed to both ends of the heat transfer tube assembly, and the inlet header and the outlet header are covered with a bolt or the like. Since the heat transfer tube assembly is fixed to the lid member by being attached to the member, and the lid member is flanged to the upper part of the casing by a number of bolts, in assembling the heat exchanger, It requires many man-hours such as a step of attaching the inlet header and the outlet header to the lid member, and a step of fixing the lid member to which the heat transfer tube assembly and the inlet header and the outlet header are fixed to the upper part of the casing by a number of bolts. The number of assembly steps for the heat exchanger increases.
In addition, in this conventional technique, in addition to the casing, the heat transfer tube assembly, the inlet header and the outlet header for the heat transfer tube assembly, the lid member and many bolts for attaching the lid member are required. Therefore, the number of parts increases, and the manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger increases with the increase in the number of assembly steps.
There are problems to be solved.
[0007]
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention does not require any fastening means such as bolts while maintaining high heat exchange performance, and can greatly reduce the number of assembly steps and the number of parts. It aims at providing the heat exchanger which can implement | achieve reduction of cost.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention achieves such an object, and houses a large number of heat transfer tubes inside a cylindrical shell, and fixes an inlet header and an outlet header on both sides of the shell,
A heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the first fluid flowing from the inlet header through the heat transfer tube to the outlet header and the second fluid flowing in the shell through the heat transfer tube. A bundle of one or more baffle members inserted into the plurality of heat transfer tubes at appropriate positions is housed in the shell, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes are placed inside the inlet header and the outlet header, and the heat transfer tubes and the It is characterized by being welded with a melting agent having a lower melting point than the two headers.
[0009]
In the heat exchanger, preferably, the inlet header and the outlet header are reduced or enlarged, and are necessary for assembling the outer periphery of the bundle into which the baffle member is inserted, a portion having a predetermined gap, and the shell. And a portion for maintaining the gap.
And it is good to store in the said shell in the form which twisted the bundle | flux which inserted one or more baffle members in the appropriate place in the said many heat exchanger tubes.
[0010]
According to this invention, in manufacturing the heat exchanger, a large number of heat transfer tubes are preferably bundled in a twisted form, and a baffle member is preferably inserted between the heat transfer tubes, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes are formed. The parts are welded to the inside of the inlet header and outlet header with a melting agent to form a heat transfer tube / header assembly.
As the melting agent, a melting agent having a melting point lower than those of the heat transfer tube and the two headers, such as silver solder, is used.
[0011]
Then, both ends of the cylindrical assemblyable shell are processed into a shape that can be fitted to the outer periphery of the inlet header and the outlet header, and the heat transfer tube / header assembly is housed in the shell, The outer periphery of the inlet header and the outlet header and both ends of the shell are fixed by brazing or tightening.
At this time, an interstitial material is inserted between the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube / header assembly and the inner periphery of the shell. In this way, a gap in which the second fluid can smoothly flow can be maintained between the outer periphery of the assembly and the inner periphery of the shell.
[0012]
Therefore, according to this invention, a large number of heat transfer tubes are bundled, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes are welded to the inside of the inlet header and the outlet header with a melting agent to form a heat transfer tube / header assembly. The heat tube / header assembly is housed in the shell in the longitudinal direction, and the outer periphery of the inlet header and outlet header in the heat transfer tube / header assembly and both ends of the shell that can be assembled are fixed by brazing or tightening. By doing so, the heat exchanger can be assembled, so that no fastening means such as bolts are required, the number of assembling steps can be greatly reduced and the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.
[0013]
In addition, by bundling a large number of heat transfer tubes and inserting a baffle member between each heat transfer tube, a passage for the fluid (second fluid) is reliably formed by the baffle member between the multiple heat transfer tubes bundled together. The heat transfer rate between the inside and outside of each heat transfer tube becomes uniform and rises.
[0014]
In the present invention, preferably, the fluid inlet end and the fluid outlet end of the inlet header and the outlet header are formed by being contracted by drawing.
If comprised in this way, since an inlet header and an outlet header can be manufactured only by contracting by drawing and forming one end of a thin cylindrical body for pipe connection, the number of manufacturing steps for the inlet header and outlet header is small. Manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0015]
In the invention, preferably, each of the heat transfer tubes is formed by expanding both ends thereof into a circular shape or a polygonal shape, and the expanded portions are welded to the inside of the inlet header and the outlet header.
In addition, as a method of manufacturing such a heat exchanger, a large number of heat transfer tubes are accommodated in a cylindrical shell, and an inlet header and an outlet header are fixed to both sides of the shell, and heat is transferred from the inlet header. In the method of manufacturing a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the first fluid flowing through the pipe to the outlet header and the second fluid flowing through the shell through the heat transfer pipe, A large number of heat transfer tubes are bundled, both ends of the heat transfer tubes are expanded into a circular shape or a polygonal shape, and the expanded portions are welded to the inside of the inlet header and outlet header with a melting agent to form a heat transfer tube / header assembly. And a heat exchanger manufacturing method comprising: housing the heat transfer tube / header assembly inside the shell; and fixing both ends of the shell to the inlet header and the outlet header. To draft.
[0016]
If comprised in this way, while the expanded tube part of the both ends of each heat exchanger tube will adhere, only the both ends of each heat exchanger tube can be adhere | attached reliably, and the intermediate part of each heat exchanger tube will mutually contact Therefore, the passage of the fluid (second fluid) can be reliably formed.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger applied to a condenser of a CO 2 refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a partial longitudinal section of the header and heat transfer tube assembly in the heat exchanger. 3A and 3B show a mounting structure of the header and the heat transfer tube, where FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the upper half of the heat exchanger center 100a, and FIG. 4A and 4B show a modification of the heat transfer tube end portion in the embodiment, where FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG.
[0019]
1-2 which show the Example of the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention, 11 is the shell formed in the cylindrical shape, and consists of metal materials, such as steel, an aluminum alloy, a copper alloy, or a hard plastic. A cooling fluid inlet 19 for introducing a cooling fluid such as water and the like in the longitudinal direction of the shell 11 and for returning the cooling fluid after heat exchange with CO 2 gas to be described later in the shell 11. A cooling fluid outlet 20 is opened.
A connecting member 011 having a reduced tip is fixed to both ends of the shell 11 by brazing, and an inlet header 12 and an outlet header 13 described later are fixed to the connecting member 011 by brazing or tightening. It has become.
[0020]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a heat transfer tube through which the CO 2 refrigerant flows, and is formed of a thin and thin copper or copper alloy tube, an aluminum alloy tube, a plastic tube, or the like.
Reference numerals 12 and 13 denote an inlet header and an outlet header made of copper, a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a hard plastic material, or the like. The inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13 are formed with drawn portions 12a and 13a in which the inlet and outlet sides of the refrigerant are reduced in diameter by drawing.
If the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13 are configured in this way, the inlet header can be formed by a simple process of forming the drawn portions 12a and 13a by drawing and forming one end portion of the thin cylindrical body for pipe connection. 12 and outlet header 13 can be manufactured.
Reference numeral 30 denotes a header / heat transfer tube assembly. A large number of the heat transfer tubes 14 are bundled in a twisted form (14d is a twisted portion) to form a honeycomb structure, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes 14 are connected to the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13. Is fixed by silver brazing 31 (which may be a melting agent having a melting point lower than that of the heat transfer tube 14 and the two headers 12 and 13).
[0021]
That is, the heat transfer tubes 14 bundled as described above are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B (FIGS. 3A and 3B show the outlet header 13 side, but the inlet header 12 The end 14b of the heat transfer tube 14 is inserted into the outlet header 13 so that the intervals between the heat transfer tubes 14 are uniform, and the silver brazing (melting agent) ) 31 is fixed inside the outlet header 13 by filling.
The outlet side of each heat transfer tube 14 is opened to the outlet chamber 13 b of the outlet header 13, and the inlet side of each heat transfer tube 14 is opened to the inlet chamber 12 b of the inlet header 12.
[0022]
Between the heat transfer tubes 14, baffle members 17 made of a material having a melting point higher than that of the silver solder (melting agent) 31 are provided at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tubes 14. A passage for the cooling fluid is secured between the heat transfer tubes 14.
A large number of heat transfer tubes 14 bundled together as described above are fixed to the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13, and a baffle member 17 is inserted between the heat transfer tubes 14 so that the header A heat transfer tube assembly 30 is formed.
16 is an intermediate member interposed between the inner periphery of the shell 11 and the outer periphery of the header / heat transfer tube assembly 30, and the inner periphery of the header / heat transfer tube assembly 30 and the shell 11 by the intermediate member 16. The gap between and is kept constant.
[0023]
In another example of the heat transfer tube 14, as shown in FIG. 4, a widened portion 14 c is formed by expanding both ends of each heat transfer tube 14 into a polygonal shape (or a circular shape), and the widened portion 14 c. Is welded to the inside of the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13 by a silver solder 31.
Further, in the heat transfer tube 14, the side portions 14 e of the enlarged diameter portions 14 c adjacent to each other are arranged in parallel, and the side portions 14 e are welded together by a silver braze 31.
That is, in this example, the heat transfer tubes 14 are bundled, both ends of the heat transfer tubes 14 are expanded into a polygonal shape (may be circular), and the expanded portions are melted inside the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13. A heat transfer tube / header assembly 30 is formed by welding with an agent, the heat transfer tube / header assembly 30 is accommodated in the shell 11, and the shell 11 is fixed to the inlet header 12 and the outlet header 13. A heat exchanger is manufactured by the method.
If comprised in this way, the said enlarged diameter part 14c of the both ends side of each heat exchanger tube 14 will adhere | attach via the silver solder | brazing 31, Therefore Only the both ends side of each heat exchanger tube 14 can be adhere | attached reliably. In addition, the intermediate portion 14f of each heat transfer tube 14 does not come into contact with each other, and the passage of the cooling fluid can be reliably formed.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a large number of heat transfer tubes are bundled, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes are welded to the inside of the inlet header and the outlet header with a melting agent to form a heat transfer tube and a header assembly. The assembly is accommodated in the shell in the longitudinal direction, and the outer periphery of the inlet header and the outlet header in the assembly and the inner periphery of both ends of the shell which are reduced by drawing are brazed or tightened. Since the heat exchanger can be assembled by fixing, no fastening means such as bolts are required, and the number of assembling steps can be greatly reduced and the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.
Further, by inserting a baffle member between the bundled heat transfer tubes, a fluid (second fluid) passage can be reliably formed by the baffle member between the bundled heat transfer tubes. The heat transfer rate between inside and outside becomes uniform and rises.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger applied to a condenser of a CO 2 refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a partial longitudinal section of a header and heat transfer tube assembly in the heat exchanger.
3A and 3B show a mounting structure of the header and the heat transfer tube, in which FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the upper half of the center of the heat exchanger, and FIG.
4A and 4B show a modification of the heat transfer tube end portion in the embodiment, wherein FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Shell 11a Diameter reduction part 12 Inlet header 13 Outlet header 12a, 13a Drawing forming part 14 Heat transfer pipe 14c Diameter expansion part 16 Interstitial material 17 Baffle member 30 Header and heat transfer pipe assembly 31 Silver brazing 100 Heat exchanger

Claims (6)

筒状に形成されたシェルの内部に多数の伝熱管を収納するとともに、該シェルの両側に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、
前記入口ヘッダーから伝熱管内を経て出口ヘッダーへと流動する第１の流体と前記シェルの内部を流動する第２の流体とを前記伝熱管を介して熱交換するように構成された熱交換器において、前記多数の伝熱管に１枚以上のバッフル部材を適所に挿入した束を前記シェル内に収納し、該伝熱管の両端部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内側に、該伝熱管及び前記２つのヘッダーよりも融点の低い溶融剤により溶着してなることを特徴とする熱交換器。While accommodating a large number of heat transfer tubes inside the cylindrical shell, the inlet header and outlet header are fixed to both sides of the shell,
A heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the first fluid flowing from the inlet header through the heat transfer tube to the outlet header and the second fluid flowing in the shell through the heat transfer tube. A bundle of one or more baffle members inserted into the plurality of heat transfer tubes at appropriate positions is housed in the shell, and both ends of the heat transfer tubes are placed inside the inlet header and the outlet header, and the heat transfer tubes and the A heat exchanger characterized by being welded with a melting agent having a lower melting point than the two headers. 前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーは、縮小あるいは拡大成形されて、前記バッフル部材を挿入した束の外周と所定の間隙を有する部分と前記シェルと組立て上必要な間隙を維持する部分とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の熱交換器。The inlet header and the outlet header are reduced or enlarged to include an outer periphery of a bundle into which the baffle member is inserted, a portion having a predetermined gap, and a portion for maintaining a gap necessary for assembly with the shell. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein 前記多数の伝熱管に１枚以上のバッフル部材を適所に挿入した束を捩じった形態で前記シェル内に収納したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の熱交換器。2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a bundle of one or more baffle members inserted in place in the heat transfer tubes is housed in the shell in a twisted form. 前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの流体入口端部及び流体出口端部は、絞り加工成形により縮形して形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の熱交換器。The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the fluid inlet end and the fluid outlet end of the inlet header and the outlet header are formed by contraction by drawing. 前記各伝熱管はその両端部を円形状あるいは多角形状に拡管して形成され、該拡管部が前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内部に溶着されてなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の熱交換器。2. The heat exchange according to claim 1, wherein each heat transfer tube is formed by expanding both ends thereof into a circular shape or a polygonal shape, and the expanded portion is welded to the inside of the inlet header and the outlet header. vessel. 筒状に形成されたシェルの内部に多数の伝熱管を収納するとともに、該シェルの両側に入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーを固定し、
前記入口ヘッダーから伝熱管内を経て出口ヘッダーへと流動する第１の流体と前記シェルの内部を流動する第２の流体とを前記伝熱管を介して熱交換するように構成された熱交換器の製造方法において、前記多数の伝熱管を束ね、該伝熱管の両端部を円形状あるいは多角形状に拡管し、該拡管部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーの内部に溶融剤により溶着して伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を形成し、該伝熱管・ヘッダー組立体を前記シェルの内部に収納して、前記シェルの両端部を前記入口ヘッダー及び出口ヘッダーに固着することを特徴とする熱交換器の製造方法。While accommodating a large number of heat transfer tubes inside the cylindrical shell, the inlet header and outlet header are fixed to both sides of the shell,
A heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the first fluid flowing from the inlet header through the heat transfer tube to the outlet header and the second fluid flowing in the shell through the heat transfer tube. In this manufacturing method, the heat transfer tubes are bundled, both end portions of the heat transfer tubes are expanded into a circular shape or a polygonal shape, and the expanded tube portions are welded to the inside of the inlet header and the outlet header with a melting agent. -Manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein a header assembly is formed, the heat transfer tube / header assembly is housed in the shell, and both ends of the shell are fixed to the inlet header and the outlet header. Method.
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JP4661322B2 (en) * 2005-04-22 2011-03-30 株式会社ニコン Exposure apparatus, device manufacturing method, and liquid supply method
CN103673679A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-03-26 江阴江顺铝型材成套设备制造有限公司 Heat exchanger for hot shearing furnace
JP2019158228A (en) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-19 株式会社ワイ・ジェー・エス． Heat exchanger
JP7064908B2 (en) 2018-03-13 2022-05-11 株式会社ワイ・ジェー・エス． Heat exchanger

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