JP2005025777A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Vehicle operating state collection system

  The present invention is a method for receiving toll road travel charges using a satellite positioning system. Conventionally, the toll was collected and processed by a method in which facilities such as a toll gate or ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) were installed on the toll road, but the present invention has a toll gate or a toll gate on the road. A toll road traveling fee collection system, a toll road traveling fee collection device, and a toll road traveling fee collection method that can perform a traveling fee collection process without a toll.

  The toll road fare collection process of the conventional method is to pay the fare in advance at the toll gate of the toll road entrance facility or receive the toll from the automatic ticket issuing machine installed at the toll road entrance and charge the toll road exit after driving At the office, the attendant handed the pass ticket and calculated the fare, and the payment was processed on the spot with cash and credit card or prepaid card.

  However, such a toll collection method requires not only human operation on the road but also frequent traffic congestion in the vicinity of the toll booth, and recently there are many toll booths with an ETC. The ETC wirelessly communicates data required for toll collection processing between the roadside antennas installed at the entrance and exit of the toll road and the in-vehicle device attached to the vehicle, and the actual travel fee payment processing is a pre-set financial institution account Since it is a method for automatic payment processing, it is possible to travel without having to decelerate or stop at the entrance / exit of the toll road.

  The conventional travel fee collection method as described above requires toll road equipment and gate equipment or human operation on the road, and these expenses are covered by toll road travel charges, etc. A simple toll collection system is preferable.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a road control system that not only greatly simplifies the equipment and human operation required for toll road toll collection processing but also smoothes road traffic, and for toll road toll collection processing. It is to provide a toll collection method that can greatly simplify the facilities for the purpose, or to provide a vehicle-equipped toll collection device that realizes a road control system and a toll collection method.

The present invention accumulates latitude and longitude data acquired by a satellite positioning system and vehicle position data as altitude data together with time data as vehicle travel position history so that the vehicle can store a toll road from the stored data. When the vehicle has traveled on a toll road after determining whether it has traveled, the travel toll on the toll road travel section is automatically collected and processed with a financial institution account.
The road control system of the present invention includes a driver's license card that stores a driver identification code and driver's license data, reading means that reads out stored data from the driver's license card, and vehicle position information acquired by using a satellite positioning system or the like. Information output means for outputting certain latitude data, longitude data, altitude data, and time data from a clock, and vehicle travel for storing vehicle travel position history data as latitude data, longitude data, altitude data, and time data of the information output means Based on the position history data storage means, the road data storage means for storing the toll road position / name / location or travel fee data, the storage contents of the vehicle travel position history data storage means and the storage contents of the road data storage means A travel fee calculation means for determining a travel toll road section and calculating a travel fee; The toll road traveling charge calculated in gold calculation means and a toll collection processing means for collection processing by the automatic payment processing in the financial institution account that you set up for the fee payment to, such as when mounting the vehicle-mounted device in the vehicle.

  The road control system is composed of a large number of vehicles, artificial satellites, a system data center, etc., and the vehicle has a reading means for reading out data stored in a driver's license card, latitude data, longitude data, altitude data as vehicle positions, and An information output means for outputting time data and a communication means for communicating with the system data center are provided, and an engine start determination means for permitting the engine start when a proper driving license card is set in the vehicle.

  At present, an IC card is most suitable as a driver's license card formed so that data such as a driver identification code and driver's license data can be stored. In addition, the driver's license card stores the driver's driving characteristic data, reads the driving characteristic data by the reading means, and reads it into the MPU, which is the vehicle control device, to reproduce the setting state set by the driver in the vehicle It is possible to equip the vehicle state setting means.

  There are two types of toll collectors installed in vehicles: a car navigation system-integrated in-vehicle device equipped with a car navigation function, and a single-type in-vehicle device that functions independently without being equipped with a car navigation function. The position information output means for outputting latitude data, longitude data, and altitude data based on radio signals received from the satellite positioning system by the former car navigation system-integrated in-vehicle device may be the same component as the car navigation function.

  Vehicle position information output means for outputting latitude data and longitude data calculated from radio wave signals received from the satellite positioning system and altitude data is provided, and a route search for a vehicle traveling route is performed based on the vehicle position information from the vehicle position information output means. Toll collector equipped with car navigation functions such as reading means for reading data from driver's license card that stores driver's license data together with driver identification code, driver identification code and position information output read by reading means Communication means for transmitting latitude data and longitude data, which are vehicle position data of the means, altitude data, time data at that time, or vehicle operation state parameters which are operation state data of each operation point of the vehicle to a system data center.

  On the other hand, a toll collector that functions in a stand-alone manner calculates based on reading means that reads stored data from a driver's license card that can store driver's license data together with a driver identification code, and a radio signal received from a satellite positioning system. Information output means for outputting latitude data and longitude data as vehicle position data, altitude data and time data from the clock, and data of the information output means together with a driver identification code read by the reading means, road driving fee calculation and toll collection Communication means is provided for transmitting data to a system data center that performs operations such as processing.

  In a system data center equipped with a multi-vehicle data aggregation and collection function for vehicle data received from a large number of vehicles, vehicle travel position history data storage means for storing vehicle travel position data which is a travel position history for each vehicle; Road data storage means for storing position data, altitude data, road name or toll road travel charge data for all roads in the country, travel charge calculation means for determining a toll road section where the vehicle has traveled and calculating a travel charge , Communication means for data communication with each vehicle or financial institution, and charge collection processing means for collecting charges. The vehicle travel position data storage means accumulates and stores latitude data and longitude data of the vehicle passing point and altitude data in a time series data format together with time data in a vehicle data table provided for each driver identification code.

  The vehicle is provided with a vehicle operation state parameter collecting means for collecting data indicating the operation state of each operation point of the vehicle, and the system data center collects the vehicle operation state parameter in a vehicle data table provided for each vehicle identification code for identifying the vehicle. The vehicle operation state storage means for accumulating the vehicle operation state of the means, and the diagnosis program determines whether the operation state of each operation point of the vehicle is within the normal range from the stored contents of the vehicle operation state storage means, and maintenance is required The vehicle diagnosis result notifying means for notifying the vehicle owner who can be identified by the vehicle identification code when the determination result is obtained.

  In the system data center, the vehicle operating state data accumulated by the vehicle operating state parameter collecting means is analyzed in combination with the nationwide road database and time data in which the road topography is known from the position data, and the driver's driving skill diagnosis It is possible to provide a driver driving technique diagnosis means.

  The system data center is equipped with road traffic analysis means for analyzing the road traffic at that time in real time based on the traveling direction data obtained by analyzing each vehicle position data and time data received from a large number of vehicles and traveling speed data. By transmitting road traffic data, which is analysis result data, to a vehicle equipped with a navigation function, the vehicle can search for a travel route to the best destination at that time.

  In the system data center, a rain distribution grasping means for analyzing the rain distribution from the wiper operating state data of the vehicle data received from each of the many vehicles is possible.

  Tire deterioration damage detection means is provided for detecting a tire deterioration damage state by performing image pattern recognition processing on tire image data obtained by imaging a tire with two cameras provided near the tire. The vehicle owner can be notified of tire damage detection and tire rotation time detection or tire replacement time.

  The brake lamp that operates when the brake pedal is operated flashes and lights in accordance with the deceleration of the acceleration detection means that detects vehicle acceleration. The flashing lighting time interval includes a brake lamp flashing lighting control unit that performs an operation in which the flashing time interval is shorter as the deceleration value is larger.

The toll road toll collection method reads the stored data from the driver's license card that stores the driver identification code and driver's license data, etc.
Latitude data that is the vehicle position data calculated from the radio signal received from the satellite positioning system, latitude data and longitude data, and altitude data and time data from the clock to output all the vehicle position data that the vehicle has traveled In addition, the vehicle travel position history data that is longitude data and altitude data is stored and saved together with time data, and the stored latitude and longitude data, altitude data, altitude data, and time data are used regardless of the toll road or general road equipped in the system data center. It is determined whether or not the toll road has been traveled by indexing the all road database that collects the road position data and altitude data of all roads, and the toll road section of the toll road traveling part is determined by the toll road traveling section number data, From a toll road fee database that stores road travel fees determined for each vehicle type Fee to calculate the road toll fee, the travel's a collection fee calculated for each driver identification code is automatically collection process in the financial institution account that has been set in advance.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  The embodiment of the road control system shown in FIG. 1 includes a vehicle 7, GPS satellite 1, communication satellite 29, system data center 20, financial institution 22 and the like equipped with in-vehicle devices 11 and 130.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 7 equips the center console panel 12 with an in-vehicle device 11. The in-vehicle device 11 shown in FIG. 2 is equipped with a GPS (Global Positioning System) and has a car navigation function for searching a vehicle travel route to a destination. However, the road control system particularly requires a car navigation function as a component. is not.
The in-vehicle devices 11 and 130 include an in-vehicle device 11 integrated with a car navigation function and a type of in-vehicle device 130 that functions independently without being equipped with a car navigation function.
First, the car navigation function-integrated vehicle-mounted device 11 will be described.

  Toll road travel fees are determined for each vehicle type, but currently they are classified into ordinary vehicles, medium-sized vehicles, large vehicles, oversized vehicles, mini vehicles (motorcycles), and light vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the vehicle type when collecting tolls on toll roads. In this case, when installing an in-vehicle device such as when purchasing a vehicle, a car / dealer, etc. When installing a vehicle in a store, etc., when the vehicle owner registers the address name and financial institution account for payment of toll road fare in the road control system, etc. That is, by registering the license plate number), the traveling fee is calculated according to the registered vehicle type when calculating the fee.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the main components of the in-vehicle device 11 are a CPU 41, a clock 42, a ROM 43, a RAM 45, an external storage device 46, a display unit 47, an operation unit 49, a card function processing unit 51, a vehicle information processing unit 53, A GPS information processing unit 55, a communication function unit 57, a car navigation function unit 58, and a power supply unit 59 are provided. The driver's license card 50 is set in the card function processing unit 51.

  The CPU 41 controls various arithmetic processes and operation operation processes. The clock 42 outputs time data. The ROM 43 stores a control program of the CPU 41 in addition to storing a vehicle ID code that becomes a vehicle identification code when the vehicle is equipped with the vehicle-mounted device 11 when the vehicle-mounted device is manufactured. The RAM 45 stores data when the CPU 41 performs each process.

  The external storage device 46 accumulates and stores the vehicle position data and the vehicle operation state parameters, which are the operation states of the operation units of the vehicle, together with the time data of the clock 42 as log data.

  The display unit 47 displays toll collection function information, car navigation system information, communication function information, and the like, and can be displayed in a diagram display format or a message display format, and is a liquid crystal display unit and several LED lamps.

  The operation unit 49 is used when operating the toll collector, when reading the data of the driver's license card, or when operating the car navigation system operation and communication function unit 57. It is.

  The card function processing unit 51 reads out a driver identification code and driver's license data for recognizing the driver from a driver's license card 50 formed so that data can be stored. In addition, the driver's driving characteristic data or the vehicle state setting data stored in the MPU, which is the vehicle control device, is saved and stored in the storage unit of the driver's license card 50 to store the data stored in the driver's license card 50. Update.

  The vehicle information processing unit 53 has a function of collecting operating states of the respective operating portions of the vehicle 7. The collected information includes numerical information such as travel speed, acceleration, travel distance, engine speed, instantaneous fuel consumption, engine start / stop frequency, outside air and room temperature, number of passengers, fuel amount, brake oil, power steering oil, cooling water, Information such as transmission oil, washer fluid, battery fluid, light bulb blown, fuse blown, etc. read with sensors, door, window, bonnet, trunk, refueling port status, door lock, wiper, various lamps, foot pedal・ Operation status such as gear, handle, winker, seat belt, handle position, seat position, or tire image data.

  The GPS information processing unit 55 outputs latitude data, longitude data, and altitude data that are vehicle positions calculated based on a plurality of radio signal data received from several GPS satellites 1. The equipped clock 42 corrects the time by a time correction function provided in the GPS satellite positioning system 1.

  The communication function unit 57 is a communication function for transmitting vehicle travel position history data to the system data center 20 together with time data. Communication between the communication function unit 57 and the system data center 20 has a communication system that is always in communication connection with the system data center 20 when the engine is operated when a communication infrastructure in which a communication fee is fixed by an IP phone or the like is prepared. Since it becomes practical, it becomes possible to transmit the vehicle position data and the vehicle operating point operating state parameters to the system data center 20 every moment. The antenna 30 when communicating by relaying the antenna 30 of the ground base station is actually the antenna 30 installed on the rooftop of a building in an urban area, but considering communication at a point away from the city A system in which the sky base station such as the communication satellite 29 is used as a relay station is preferable.

  In addition to displaying the output data from the GPS information processing unit 55 on the display unit 47 as the current vehicle position, the car navigation function unit 58 has a function of searching for a travel route to the destination.

  The power supply unit 59 is a vehicle battery device that supplies power to each component of the in-vehicle device. When the engine key is operated from the OFF position to the ON position in a state where the regular driver's license card 50 is set in the in-vehicle devices 11 and 130, power is supplied from the power source 59 and the in-vehicle device starts its operation.

  Next, the system data center 20 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the system data center 20 includes a main control unit 61, a storage device 63, a communication processing unit 65, and a fee collection processing unit 67 as main components.

  The main control unit 61 controls the operation of the system data center 20 and includes a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM. The storage device 63 is a storage medium for storing data such as the data tables 70, 80, 90, 100, and 110 and the setting data 701, 703, 120, 122, and 130 shown in FIGS.

  The communication processing unit 65 of the in-vehicle devices 11 and 130 equipped in the vehicle 7 communicates with the antenna 30 directly or via the communication satellite 29 or the like, but communicates with the antenna 30 for each driver ID code. Collect toll collection data for each driver and process toll collection.

  The toll collection processing unit 67 calculates a toll from the toll road running section determined from the vehicle running position history data and performs a toll collection process at the financial institution 22.

Next, the data table shown in FIGS. 5 to 15 will be described.
A vehicle data table 70 shown in FIG. 5 is a data table provided for each vehicle in the storage device 63 of the system data center 20, and stores vehicle travel position history data and vehicle operating state data together with time data. A vehicle ID storage area 71 for storing a vehicle ID code for specifying a vehicle, a driver ID storage area 72 for storing a driver ID code for identifying a driver, and a time for storing time data (year / month / day / hour / minute / second) A data storage area 73, a vehicle passing point latitude data storage area 75 for storing vehicle passing point latitude data and longitude data, and altitude data, which are vehicle travel position history data, a vehicle passing point longitude data storage area 77, A vehicle passing point altitude data storage area 78 and a vehicle operating state data storage area 79 for storing each operating point operating state parameter of the vehicle are provided. The vehicle data table 70 is equipped for each vehicle, that is, for each vehicle ID code, and one record is from the vehicle ID code 71 to the vehicle operating state data 79.

  FIG. 6 explains vehicle operation state parameters stored in the vehicle operation state data storage area 79 of the vehicle data table 70 shown in FIG. 5, and the operation location numbers and the operation locations of each operation location in the vehicle are as follows. This is a vehicle operating state number setting list 701 in which the operating states that can be taken are represented by operating state numbers that are set in association with each other, and the operating states that can be taken by each operating location are associated with the operating state numbers.

  In this example, the number of operating locations in the vehicle can be collected up to 200 locations, and the operating status of each operating location can be collected up to 32 statuses. In this example, up to 30 of the 200 operating locations are numerical data areas in decimal numbers, and from 31 to 200, the operating status is set to represent 32 statuses in binary 5 bits. Actually, the number of operating points and the number of operating states differ for each vehicle type.

  In the example of FIG. 6, the operation location number 1 is decimal numerical data indicating the vehicle speed, and the data of the operation location 32 is binary data indicating the wiper operation state and is 0 stop, operation pattern 1, operation pattern 2, and so on. The total 21 states of the operation patterns 3 to 20 are preset to be expressed as “00000”, “00001”, “00010”, “00011” to “10101”, respectively. It is a vehicle operating state parameter obtained by digitizing and collecting the operating state of each vehicle operating point changing every moment at a sampling interval of a time interval set for each operating point.

  The vehicle operating state setting data list 703 shown in FIG. 7 is a list showing specific vehicle operating state setting data, and is an example in which the operating location number and the operating state number are associated with each other and digitized as a vehicle operating state. It is a list shown.

  FIG. 8 is a specific example of the vehicle operating state parameter 705 stored in the vehicle operating state data storage area 79 of the vehicle data table 70 shown in FIG. 5, and the data format is text data separated by commas.

  The national all road database 80 shown in FIG. 9 is a database that is referred to when detecting which road the vehicle has traveled from latitude data, longitude data, and altitude data on which the vehicle has traveled. First, location data and road characteristics of all roads in the country are collected and created. Specifically, the latitude, longitude, altitude, road attribute, toll road section number, general road route name, and address of points located as roads on the national road map are collected and created as point names.

  The nationwide all road database 80 includes a latitude data storage area 81 for storing latitude, a longitude data storage area 82 for storing longitude, an altitude data storage area 83 for storing altitude, and a charge such as an intercity expressway and an automobile-only road. A road attribute storage area 84 for storing road attribute numeric symbol data 841 in which a road type or a general road type such as a national road / prefectural road is represented in advance by a numeric symbol, and a toll road section number 851 indicating which section of all toll roads Toll road section number data storage area 85, general road route name data storage area 86 for storing general road route name 861, and point name data storage area 87 for storing the address of the point location.

  The altitude data stored in the altitude data storage area 83 is collected when the latitude data and the longitude data are collected, that is, when the national all road database 80 is created. While operating according to the data of the vehicle data table 70 received by the system data center 20, the altitude data of each point on each road is collated with the altitude data stored in the altitude data storage area 83 of the national all road database 80. Correct the data. Data correction after the start of operation is performed in the same way for latitude data and longitude data, and the entire road database 80 necessary for discriminating traveling roads by the road control system is used.

  In the case of an elevated toll road running side by side on a general road, it is not possible to determine which road is traveling only by latitude data and longitude data, but it is possible to determine by providing altitude data.

  In a road control system, a vehicle position is not captured in two dimensions, but a three-dimensional position having altitude data. For example, all vehicle positions such as mountainous, coastal, uphill intermediate positions, and spiral ramp intermediate positions on level crossing roads are three-dimensional positions.

  The number of GPS satellites 1 required for acquiring altitude data by the GPS information processing unit 55 provided in the in-vehicle device is larger than the number of satellites required for acquiring only latitude data and longitude data. The unit 55 is required to have an advanced radio wave signal supplement function and an advanced calculation calculation function for calculating latitude data, longitude data, and altitude data from the received radio signal data.

  As in the example shown in FIG. 9, the road attribute number symbol 841 determines that the toll road “first number 1” and the general road “first number 2” for each road type. Symbols and numbers are associated with each other in a manner to be assigned, and road types on toll roads and general roads are represented by road attribute numeral symbols 841.

  A toll road section number 851 representing all toll roads with unique symbol numbers will be described. As shown in FIG. 13, a 4-digit numeric symbol is assigned to each route of the toll road as a route number, and then a serial number consecutive to each section in the toll road route following the hyphen “-”. In the 9-digit number format “XXXXX-XXXXX” that assigns the section number in the route, a unique number is used to represent one section between all toll road interchanges and the next interchange in the whole country. Is.

  For example, the route number is a four-digit number “XXX” for all other toll road routes such as A toll road “0001”, B toll road “0002”, and C toll road “0003”. Is granted. Next, “○○○○”, which is the section number in the route, is given to one section between the interchange on the route and the next interchange. In the case of the section number and “1”, it is determined as the upstream section number. In the example of FIG. 13, the toll road section number list 120 of the A toll road and the example of FIG. 14 are examples of the toll road section number list 122 of the A toll road.

  Specifically, when going down, “0001-0009” is between “A8 and A9” on the A toll road, “0002-0001” is between “A0 and A1” on the B toll road, and is A when going up. “A2 to A1” of the toll road becomes “0001-1019”. At the place where the route name is switched at the junction, the data up to the next interchange is converted into data by the toll road section number of each route, and the section can be indexed from both route names.

In the case of a general road, “route number numbers” such as XX line or “road name” such as XX road are converted into data as general road route names 861.
A toll road travel section number data storage table 90 shown in FIG. 10 is a data storage table for storing data of a portion that has traveled on a toll road in the entire vehicle travel position history data. The traveling section route from the entrance interchange to the exit interchange is stored in the order of traveling in the toll road section number. The toll road travel section number data storage table 90 includes a vehicle ID storage area 91 for storing vehicle ID codes, a driver ID storage area 92 for storing driver ID codes, a time data storage area 93 for storing time data, and road types, that is, between cities Road attribute storage area 94 for storing road attribute numeric symbols 841 indicating expressways, motorway roads, city expressways, general toll roads, etc. Toll road section number data storage area 95 for storing up or down toll road section numbers It comprises a point name data storage area 97 for storing address data of travel points and a vehicle operating state data storage area 98 for storing vehicle operating state parameters.
As for the data, the toll road section number data indicated by “XXXXX-XXXXX” is traced to the exit section from the one section of the toll road entrance in the order of travel to the exit section of the vehicle ID in the toll road section number storage area 95. Store for each code 91.

  A general road vehicle travel position data storage table 100 shown in FIG. 11 is a data storage table that stores vehicle travel position data of a portion where the vehicle 7 travels on a road other than a toll road, that is, a vehicle that stores a vehicle ID code. ID storage area 101-Driver ID storage area 102 for storing driver ID code-Time data storage area 103 for storing time data-Road attributes, that is, road attributes for storing road attribute numeric symbols such as national roads, prefectural roads, and municipal roads If the national road is the storage area 105 and the general road route name 861, the general road route name storage area 107 for storing the road number such as XX line or the road name such as the XX road is the point name indicating the vehicle driving point. Point name data storage area 108 for storing vehicle as data Constituting the vehicle operating state data storage area 109 for storing data.

  The toll collection data table 110 shown in FIG. 12 is a data table for storing the toll collection data for the vehicle 7 traveling on the toll road, and is a vehicle ID storage area 111 for storing the vehicle ID code and a driver for storing the driver ID code. ID storage area 112-toll road entrance time data storage area 113 for storing entrance time data when traveling on toll road and toll road exit time data storage area 114 for storing exit time data-entrance of first toll road travel section The entrance interchange number data storage area 115 for storing the entrance interchange number that is the side interchange and the exit interchange number data storage area 117 for storing the exit interchange number that is the exit side interchange of the last toll road traveling section Enji and configure fee data storage area 119 for storing the travel fee data calculated the travel fee from the exit interchange. The data that the vehicle has traveled from the entrance to the exit is one record and is stored for each vehicle ID code. When a driver changes on the way of a toll road, there are a plurality of driver ID codes in one toll road run. In that case, the toll collection process is performed with the driver ID code 112 at the entrance interchange point.

  The toll road section number descending table 120 shown in FIG. 13 represents the toll road number of each toll road line with a four-digit numeric symbol, and assigned a consecutive number to each section in the route. It is an example of A toll road descent in the number descent list.

  The toll road section number ascending table 122 shown in FIG. 14 indicates a toll road number of each toll road line with a 4-digit numeric symbol, and assigns a consecutive number indicating the up to each section in the route. It is an example of A toll road going up in the section number going up list.

Explain toll road interchange numbers that represent all interchanges on all toll roads with unique symbols.
FIG. 15 is an example of the toll road interchange number table 130 indicating the interchange numbers of the A toll road. Express the route number of each toll road route name with a 4-digit numeric symbol, and then add “C” of “Interchange (IC)” to distinguish it from the section number next to the hyphen “-” and then continue All interchanges on all toll roads are represented by unique numeric symbols in the form of “XXXXX-CXXX” with numbers. For example, “0001-C001” for “A0 Inter” on the A toll road, and “0002-C001” for “A0 Inter” on the B toll road.
A hyphen "-" was added to make it easier to understand when explaining the highway section number and highway interchange number, but the hyphen is not particularly necessary and is a numerical symbol represented by "XXXXXXXX"It's okay.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the in-vehicle device 11 shown in FIG. The operation of the in-vehicle device 11 in the vehicle 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
When the driver operates the engine key set on the vehicle from the OFF position to the ON position, the in-vehicle device 11 starts operation by supplying power from the power supply unit 59. In S110, it is determined whether or not the driver's license card 50 is set in the card function processing unit 51. If the driver's license card 50 is set, stored data such as a driver ID code and driver's license data is read from the driver's license card 50 (S120). Next, it is determined whether the set driver's license card is genuine S130. If it is determined that the driver's license card is not a regular one, an error message is displayed on the display unit 47 and the operation is terminated (S190).

If it is determined that the driver's license card is a legitimate driver's license card, the engine can be started in S130, so the engine is started in S140.
When it is determined whether or not the engine has been started and the S150 engine has been started, the vehicle position data and the operation state data of each vehicle operation location collected using the time interval set in the vehicle data as a sampling period in a log file format together with the time data. The data is stored in the external storage device 46 and S155 is transmitted to the system data center 20 from the communication function unit 57 after adding the vehicle ID code and the driver ID code S160. The vehicle ID code is read out from the ROM 43 of the vehicle receiving machine, or the driver ID code is read out from the driver's license card 50 set in the in-vehicle apparatus as necessary.

  Data collection time intervals for storing vehicle position data and vehicle operating state parameters in the external storage device 46 are set to 0.05 seconds, 0.1 seconds, 0.3 seconds, 0.5 seconds, 1 second, etc. The maximum time interval necessary for knowing the operating state of each operating point is set according to each point. An optimal sampling period may be set for each operating location in order to detect the operating status of each operating location of the vehicle. The system data center 20 needs a facility scale having a processing capacity for processing the amount of vehicle data received from each of a large number of vehicles 7 equipped with the in-vehicle devices 11 and 130 of the road control system.

  The system data center 20 is equipped with a single vehicle data table 70 dedicated to vehicle position data, vehicle operating state data, and time data received from a large number of vehicles, for each vehicle ID. The vehicle position data that changes every moment and the vehicle operating state data that is the vehicle operating state are accumulated and stored in the data table 70 in a time series data format.

  The time interval for transmitting vehicle data from the communication function unit 57 of the vehicle 7 to the system data center 20 is the data transmission necessary for obtaining real-time road traffic data and the like when a communication infrastructure capable of practical connection is established. The maximum time interval is the data transmission time interval to the system data center 20. Until then, the necessary maximum time interval is set as the transmission time interval of the vehicle data to be transmitted to the system data center 20 as needed, but the time interval is set longer for data with a large file size such as tire image data. Even when the vehicle data is transmitted to the system data center 20, a method of setting an optimum data transmission time interval for each operation point of the vehicle may be used.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the engine has been stopped. If not, the process returns to S155 to collect and store the vehicle operating state data and store the stored vehicle data S160. If the engine determines that the stop is S170, the card can be removed in S180 hardware, so the card removal operation is terminated.

  17 and 18 are diagrams for explaining data processing of the vehicle data table 70 received and stored from each vehicle 7 by the system data center 20. An operation for identifying a toll road section number and a spot name or a general road route name and a spot name will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the vehicle data is read one record at a time from the vehicle data table 70 equipped for each vehicle-equipped machine, that is, for each vehicle ID S210.

  Next, whether the road type is a toll road by indexing the national road database 80 shown in FIG. 9 and discriminating the road type as the road attribute from the latitude data and longitude data or altitude data of the vehicle data. Or it is discriminate | determined whether it is a general road S220. In the case of a toll road, the nationwide all road database 80 of FIG. 9 is indexed based on the read data, and a toll road section number and a spot name represented by XXXXX are acquired in S230. Vehicle ID storage area 91 / driver ID storage area 92 / time data storage area 93 / road attribute storage area 94 / toll road section number data storage area 95 / point name data in the toll road travel section number data storage table 90 shown in FIG. Each data is stored in the storage area 97 and the vehicle operating state data storage area 98, S240.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the road is a general road from the road attribute, the process proceeds to S250, where the national all road database 80 shown in FIG. 9 is indexed based on the read vehicle position data, and the road attribute of the data read in S210 is the national road. A road type such as a road name or a prefectural road is identified, and a route number / road name / point name of a general road route name is acquired. Vehicle ID storage area 101, driver ID storage area 102, time data storage area 103, road attribute storage area 105, general road route name data storage area 107, and spot name data in the general road vehicle traveling position data storage table 100 shown in FIG. Each data is stored in the storage area 108 and the vehicle operating state data storage area 109 (S260).

  It is determined whether all data of one vehicle ID in the vehicle data table 70 have been read out S270. If the data reading is not finished, the process returns to S210 and the vehicle data reading is continued. When all the vehicle data of one vehicle ID are read out, the data for toll road vehicle travel are collectively stored in the toll road travel section number data storage table 90. And the data for the general road vehicle travel are collectively stored in the general road vehicle travel position data storage table 100, so that all the vehicle travel roads are discriminated and the operation ends (S280).

  In the manner described, the toll road travel section number data storage table 90 shown in FIG. 10 and the general road vehicle travel position data storage table 100 shown in FIG. As a minute, vehicle data is stored for each vehicle.

A fee calculation process and a fee collection process in the system data center 20 and the financial institution 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
The toll road section number data storage table 90 reads the toll road section number data for each driver ID code 92 in the data of one vehicle ID code 91 (S310). When all the data of one driver ID code 92 has been read, it is determined whether all the data of one vehicle ID code 91 has been read. If there is other driver ID code 92 data, the process proceeds to the next driver ID code 92 data read operation. S320 The data is read for each driver ID code 92, and all the data for one vehicle ID is read. It is determined whether or not S320.
When the data reading is completed, based on the first toll road section number and the last toll road section number of the toll road traveling data, the toll road interchange number table 130 shown in FIG. 15 is indexed based on whether the traveling direction is up or down. In step S330, an entrance interchange number that is an entrance interchange when traveling on a toll road and an exit interchange number that is an exit interchange are determined.

A toll road travel fee determined for each vehicle type is calculated from the determined entrance interchange number and exit interchange number (S340). Vehicle ID storage area 111, driver ID storage area 112, toll road entrance time data storage area 113, toll road exit time data storage area 114, entrance interchange number data storage area 115, exit interchange of the toll collection data table 110 shown in FIG. Number data storage area 117. The calculated travel fee is stored in the fee data storage area 119 for each driver ID of the vehicle ID S350.
Toll collection processing is performed with a financial institution account for fee payment set by the driver's license card indicated by the driver ID code at the entrance interchange point.

  The system data center 20 transmits toll collection data to the financial institution 22 and performs toll collection processing. The data in the toll collection data table 110 shown in FIG. 12 is transferred from the communication processing unit 65 to each driver ID code at the entrance interchange. In other words, the fees are calculated for each driver license holder set in the car machine at the entrance interchange and transmitted to the financial institution 22. In the financial institution 22, the collection fee is automatically collected and processed by the financial institution account set for payment by the driver's license owner at the time of the road control system contract. After the toll collection process, the receipt is sent to the address designated by each driver's license owner (S360).

Data reading processing and fee calculation processing from the fee collection data table 110 are performed every specific period. For example, if data processing is performed on the 20th of every month, the toll road fare for one month is collected and processed.
The described embodiment is a case where the receipt processing is performed with respect to the driver's license owner, but in the case of a commercial vehicle or the like, it is also possible to set the receipt processing to the company that is the vehicle owner. In that case, it is only necessary to register in advance so that the toll collection process is performed with the vehicle ID code.

  Since the toll road toll collection process can be performed completely automatically by the above processing, the toll road becomes an easy road to travel. Since it is a method that does not require tollgates and gates on the road, it is only necessary to be aware that it is a toll road near the entrance and exit of the toll road during actual driving, Travel without any processing is possible. In addition to greatly simplifying facilities and human operations on the road, traffic congestion near the entrance and exit of the toll road and near the toll gate is less likely to occur.

  FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are diagrams showing an example of a vehicle-mounted device that operates alone without being equipped with a car navigation function. FIG. 19A shows a state in which the vehicle is fixedly mounted on the dashboard of the vehicle, and FIG. 19B shows an appearance of the vehicle-mounted device. A card reader / slot 139 for reading the driver's license card 50 is provided on the front surface of the in-vehicle device 130, and a power source, operating, operating error, data storage, data transmission, GPS radio wave reception, and driving license are provided on the upper front surface. Equipped with an LED lamp 137 that displays the operation status such as verification. In addition to the GPS antenna 135 being provided on the upper surface of the in-vehicle device 130, the antenna 134 of the communication function unit 57 is provided on the side surface. The vehicle-mounted device 130 receives latitude data and longitude data calculated based on radio signals received from the GPS satellite 1 by the GPS antenna 135, altitude data, time data of the clock 43, or a driver's license card 50 set in the card reader slot 139. The driver ID code and the vehicle ID code to be read are accumulated and stored in the external storage device 46, and are transmitted from the communication function unit 57 to the system data center 20 as vehicle data. The ID code of the in-vehicle device is stored in the ROM 43 when the in-vehicle device 130 is manufactured at the factory. The ID code of the in-vehicle device stored in the ROM 43 of the in-vehicle device 130 becomes the vehicle ID code of the vehicle 7 to which the in-vehicle device 130 is fixedly attached.

  The mounting method to the vehicle is fixed equipment and cannot be removed. The vehicle is connected by a signal cable for engine start determination means, and is connected by a power cable to a power source 59 that uses a vehicle battery as a power source.

The vehicle type is registered at the time of a road control system contract, such as when purchasing a vehicle or when mounting the in-vehicle device 130 on the vehicle, as in the case of the in-vehicle device 11 integrated with the car navigation function.
Next, vehicle operating state parameters indicating the vehicle operating state will be described.

The car navigation function-integrated in-vehicle device 11 provided in the center console panel 12 is equipped with a vehicle information processing unit 53 that collects vehicle operation state parameters from each operation point of the vehicle, and stores vehicle operation state data indicating the operation state of the vehicle. The data is transmitted to the system data center 20 and accumulated and stored in a time series data format. The following service can be provided to the driver or vehicle owner based on the accumulated data.
(1) As a hardware aspect, it is detected when an abnormality occurs in the vehicle by a method of diagnosing whether or not the operation state data collected from each operation point of the vehicle is within a normal range. When an abnormality is detected, the safety of the vehicle or the road can be improved by notifying the vehicle owner who is identified by the vehicle ID code that maintenance is necessary.
(2) As a software aspect The storage device 63 of the system data center 20 stores vehicle position data and time data received from each vehicle, or vehicle operation state data of each operation point of the vehicle.

  The national all road database 80 is created as three-dimensional data with altitude data as road topography data, so by analyzing the data, it is uphill, downhill or steep hill or whether it is a gentle slope Can be determined.

  The driver's driving skill diagnosis is possible by analyzing the vehicle operating state data, the data of the national highway database 80 and the time data with an analysis program, and gives driving advice suitable for each driver's driving skill. This increases safety.

  For example, the driver diagnosis provides a driver with a medical certificate that includes the following information, and can be sent when a toll road travel fee receipt is sent.

1) Location and date / time, or violation degree index, exceeding the speed limit.
2) Location and date / time and frequency of lane change at lane change prohibited place, or violation index.

3) Check whether the speed, lane change, direction indicators, etc. are appropriate for turning left and right.
4) Simulation results of the impact on fuel consumption and environmental pollution when diagnosing speed running, sudden acceleration, and sudden starting and suppressing them.
5) Whether the gear selection for the speed when traveling uphill is appropriate, and whether the engine brake and foot brake operation are appropriate when traveling downhill.

6) The index indicating whether or not the vehicle was temporarily stopped at the stop point.
7) Diagnosis of proper operation methods such as steering wheel, accelerator, gear change, brake, engine brake, etc. in urban areas or roads with many curves in mountainous areas.
8) Non-wearing record of seat belts 9) Diagnosis of sign compliance at each road sign place 10) Comprehensive driving skill evaluation 11) Gold license etc. can be accurately recognized When developed, personality person evaluation using psychoanalysis Is possible. The driver's medical certificate can be sent periodically by enclosing the toll receipt when traveling on toll roads, etc., so it can be a spiritual advisor at that time by comparing with the data so far Can raise awareness of attention.

  In addition, in the system data center 20, real-time road traffic can be obtained by comprehensively analyzing the traveling direction and vehicle speed data based on the position of each vehicle received from a large number of vehicles. By sending road traffic data as analysis results to each vehicle, each vehicle can use real-time road traffic data as source data in addition to the map data provided in the car navigation system when searching for driving routes. It is possible to travel to the destination corresponding to.

  From the wiper operation data of the vehicle data received from each vehicle, it is possible to know the strength of rain from the wiper operation pattern as well as whether or not it is raining at the vehicle position. The analyzed rain condition data can be transmitted to each vehicle, and can be used by a weather forecast company.

  Next, a description will be given of new vehicle equipment that can be installed in a vehicle of a road control system but can be installed in a vehicle other than the road control system.

  As shown in FIG. 20, two cameras 152 that detect the tire deterioration damage state are installed at the position of the tire 151, and the captured tire image data is transmitted to the system data center 20. The system data center 20 diagnoses the deterioration damage state by recognizing the received tire image data as a stereoscopic image pattern. Accurate tire maintenance becomes possible by notifying the vehicle owner when damage occurs, tire rotation time, or tire replacement time. Instead of transmitting the tire image data to the system data center 20, the deterioration damage state may be diagnosed by the MPU of the vehicle 7 and notified to the driver by the display unit 47 of the in-vehicle device 11.

  The tire image data file necessary for diagnosing the tire deterioration damage state is relatively large in size and is inefficient to send to the system data center 20 together with other vehicle operating state parameters. A method is conceivable in which image data is transmitted once when the engine stop operation is performed a set number of times. What seems to be the best is that if the MPU of the vehicle 7 is used until the diagnosis by the image pattern recognition in the tire diagnosis program, each surface of the tire running surface can be frequently diagnosed every time the vehicle stops. This is a method in which a tire image data file is transmitted to the system data center 20 when an abnormality is detected by setting a vehicle operating state parameter as a tire state detecting parameter.

FIG. 21 to FIG. 24 are diagrams for explaining a new function of the brake lamp.
Conventionally, when operating a brake device of a vehicle with a brake pedal, not only the braking distance is shortened by operating with a pumping brake that steps the brake pedal several times so that the wheel does not lock, but also a stop signal light It has been known that the brake lamp is easy to understand as a signal light because the flashing operation is a blinking lighting operation. The driver observes the speed at which both the distance between the vehicle traveling in front and the distance between the vehicle traveling in front and the vehicle traveling in front of it are shortened. However, if the vehicle traveling ahead is decelerating too quickly and the driver has no psychological margin or the prospect is not clear, or the brake device of a recent vehicle is ABS ( The anti-lock brake system is often equipped with a function, and the wheels do not lock. Therefore, when operating the brake device, the brake pedal will continue to operate, so the brake lamp will be lit at a bright spot. The car knows that the vehicle in front has actuated the brake device, but it doesn't know whether it is slowing down or suddenly. When you notice sudden deceleration while operating operating the device sometimes rapid deceleration by the brake pedal is strongly operated hurry while Hiyarito.

  A brake lamp blinking / lighting control device useful for avoiding such danger will be described. The brake lamp blinking lighting control device is an acceleration detecting means for detecting vehicle deceleration, and a blinking lighting control for operating the brake lamp at a blinking lighting time interval corresponding to a deceleration value in advance with respect to the deceleration from the acceleration detecting means. Means. Even if the driver continues to operate the brake pedal during deceleration, this brake lamp blinking lighting control device will light up with a shorter blinking lighting time interval when the deceleration value is large. You can tell if it is a slow or a sudden slowdown.

Even when the blinking time interval is short, it seems to be preferable to set it within a time interval range that allows humans to operate with the brake pedal.
As shown in FIG. 21, the brake lamp that blinks and lights up may be applied to the brake lamp 205 at the vehicle center position, or may be applied to the brake lamps 201 and 203 at the tail lamp positions on both the left and right sides of the vehicle. Alternatively, it may be applied to all brake lamps 201, 203, and 205, but the system that seems to be the best is a system that is applied only to the brake lamp 205 at the vehicle center position.

  As shown in FIG. 22, the brake lamp blinking lighting control device 210 includes an acceleration storage unit 220 connected to the CPU 211, ROM 213, RAM 215, and acceleration calculation unit 217 and a brake lamp 230 connected to the brake lamp control unit 219.

The operation of the brake lamp control device 210 will be described with reference to FIG.
The acceleration is constantly detected and stored in the S510 acceleration storage unit 220, but in S520, this acceleration data is stored in the acceleration storage unit 220 by the vehicle information processing unit 53. When the brake pedal operation is detected, S530, and a blinking pattern number associated with the deceleration value at that time shown in the example of FIG. 24 is determined S540.

  It is determined whether or not the brake pedal operation is turned off. If the brake pedal operation is not turned off, the brake lamp 230 is operated while selecting the blinking pattern number corresponding to the deceleration value at that time. S550.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of a blinking pattern. A blinking lighting pattern in which lighting and extinguishing are repeated at regular time intervals, and a blinking pattern in which the blinking lighting time interval becomes shorter as the blinking pattern number increases is set in advance.

When it is detected that the brake pedal operation operation has been turned off, S560, the brake lamp 230 is turned off, and the operation is terminated S570.
Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the positioning system for obtaining vehicle position data need not be limited to GPS (Global Positioning System), and the latitude data, longitude data, and altitude that are vehicle position data. Another positioning system having a function of detecting data may be used.

Not only is it possible to fully automate travel fee collection processing on toll roads, but there is no need for on-road facilities such as toll road entrance gates and exit gates or toll gates. The existing equipment on the road can be simplified.
Violations of road traffic laws and regulations, such as speed limit violations, can be detected, so that it can be automatically controlled.
In addition to reducing equipment costs on toll roads, road congestion near toll road entrances and exits and toll gates will not occur.

  It is a block diagram which shows the whole road control system.   It is a figure which shows the state equipped with the vehicle navigation function integrated vehicle equipment which is a component with which the vehicle which applies a road control system is equipped.   It is a block diagram of the vehicle equipment which is a component of a road control system.   It is a block diagram of the system data center which is a component of a road control system.   The vehicle data table memorize | stored in the memory | storage device of a system data center is shown.   It is a vehicle operation state number setting list | wrist which shows the example which set the vehicle operation state number with respect to each operation | movement part of a vehicle.   It is a vehicle operation state setting data list which shows the vehicle operation state number set with respect to each operation part of a vehicle by specific numerical data.   6 is a specific example of vehicle operating state data stored in a vehicle operating state data storage area of the vehicle data table shown in FIG.   It is a figure for demonstrating the national all road database with which the memory | storage device of a system data center is equipped.   It is a figure for demonstrating the toll road travel section number data storage table with which the memory | storage device of a system data center is equipped.   It is a figure for demonstrating the general road vehicle running position data storage table with which the memory | storage device of a system data center is equipped.   It is a figure for demonstrating the fee collection data table with which the memory | storage device of a system data center is equipped.   It is a table | surface which shows the specific example of the toll road section number descending which gave the unique number to all the one sections between the interchange in each toll road, and the next interchange.   It is a table | surface table | surface which shows the specific example of the toll road area number going up which gave the unique number to all 1 area between the interchange in each toll road, and the next interchange.   It is a list which shows the specific example of the toll road interchange number which gave the unique number to all the interchanges of all the toll roads.   It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a vehicle equipment.   It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement at the time of discriminating the toll road section number which drive | worked or the general road route name which drive | worked in a system data center.   FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining operations of a charge calculation process and a charge collection process from a toll road section number that has traveled on a toll road in the operation described in FIG. 17.   FIG. 19A is a diagram showing a vehicle-mounted device that operates solely as a road control system function without being equipped with a car navigation function. FIG. 19A shows a state equipped on a dashboard of a vehicle, and FIG. FIG.   It is a figure which shows the state equipped with the camera which is a component of the tire deterioration damage detection means which detects the deterioration damage state of a tire near the tire.   It is a figure which shows the brake lamp position of a vehicle.   It is a block diagram of the brake lamp blinking lighting control means for performing blinking lighting operation of the brake lamp.   It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a brake lamp blink lighting control means.   It is an example of the brake lamp flashing pattern of the brake lamp flashing lighting control means.

Claims (7)

A vehicle operation state collection function that detects and collects the operation state of each operation point in the vehicle,
Vehicle operating state data collecting means for collecting the operating state of each operation point of the vehicle in a vehicle operating state parameter format;
A vehicle operation state collection system comprising vehicle operation state data storage means for storing vehicle operation state parameters collected by vehicle operation state data collection means and time data at that time. A vehicle operation state collection function for collecting vehicle operation state data collected by each vehicle into a system data center using a communication function,
In each of the multiple vehicles, operating state data collecting means for collecting operating state parameters representing the operating state of each operating point,
Vehicle operating state data storage means for storing vehicle operating state parameters and time data collected by the vehicle operating state data collecting means;
A communication means for transmitting vehicle operation state parameters stored in the vehicle operation state data storage means and vehicle data that is a vehicle identification ID code to a system data center;
In the system data center, vehicle data receiving means for receiving vehicle data from each of a large number of vehicles,
Vehicle data storage means for storing and storing received vehicle data for each vehicle;
Vehicle operation data analysis means for analyzing vehicle data stored in the vehicle data storage means,
The vehicle operating state collection system according to claim 1. The driver characteristic data set by the driver in the vehicle is read from the MPU of the vehicle,
Driver characteristic data storage means for storing the license card storage unit set in the card function processing unit of the vehicle;
By reading the driver characteristic data stored in the storage part of the driver's license card with the reading means of the card function processing part and reading it into the MPU which is the control part of the vehicle,
The vehicle operation state collection system according to claim 1, further comprising vehicle state setting means for reproducing and setting the vehicle state based on driver characteristic data stored and saved in a license card. In addition to knowing the rain distribution according to whether the wiper, which is the wiper operating state data of the vehicle operating state parameter received from each vehicle, is operating or stopping, it is provided with a rain distribution grasping means that can understand the rainfall intensity distribution from the operating wiper operating pattern ,
The vehicle operating state collection system according to claim 1. Based on tire image data captured by the camera of the tire imaging means equipped at the tire position,
The vehicle operating state collection system according to claim 1, further comprising a tire deterioration damage detection unit that determines whether tire deterioration damage or maintenance is necessary. Tire image data captured by the camera of the tire imaging means equipped at the tire position is transmitted to the system data center as vehicle data of the vehicle operating state data collecting means,
Detect tire deterioration damage at the system data center that received the tire image data.
The tire deterioration damage detection means according to claim 5. The vehicle includes an acceleration detection means for detecting the vehicle running acceleration,
When the blinking operation of the brake lamp blinks at the time interval corresponding to the deceleration value detected by the acceleration detecting means at the blinking time interval previously associated with the deceleration value,
The vehicle operating state collection system according to claim 1, further comprising a brake lamp blinking lighting control means brake lamp that performs blinking lighting control in which the blinking time interval becomes shorter as the deceleration value is larger.