JP2005022074A - Grinding tool for grinding - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grinding tool for grinding which grinds a workpiece without generating flaws on its surface, is prolonged in its lifetime, and reduced in its manufacturing cost. <P>SOLUTION: The grinding tool for grinding consists of a base 10 and an abrasive grain layer 20 formed by plating on the surface 10a of the base, wherein the abrasive grain layer 20 is composed of a first abrasive grain layer 21 formed on the surface 10a of the base 10 and a second abrasive grain layer 22 formed on the oversurface of the first abrasive grain layer 21. The base 10 is made of a plastic resin material. The first abrasive grain layer 21 is formed by electroless plating containing diamond abrasive grains 26, CBN and SiC in the form of dispersed particles, while the second abrasive grain layer 22 is formed by electroless plating of nickel and copper containing PTFE 27 as a solid lubricant. A metal coating film 28 is formed on the surface of the second abrasive grain layer 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding wheel used for various types of lens grinding.

  A grinding wheel used for lens grinding is composed of a base and an abrasive layer formed on the surface of the base and grinding an object to be ground.

  Conventionally, a metal material such as brass is used for the base.

  The abrasive layer is formed by a metal plating method such as electroless plating.

The abrasive layer is a composite layer containing nickel, copper and dispersed particles (such as diamond abrasive grains).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-253846

  When a grinding object of hard and brittle material such as a lens is ground using this grinding wheel, the abrasive layer gradually wears as the grinding operation proceeds.

  The object to be ground and grinding chips generated during grinding are discharged to the outside together with the grinding liquid supplied between the object to be ground and the grinding wheel.

  However, during grinding, some of the diamond abrasive grains and the object to be ground may be chipped, and these (debris) may be mixed with the shavings. When the shavings are discharged to the outside together with the grinding liquid, the fragments come into contact with the object to be ground and damage the object to be ground.

  Further, since the heat generated by the friction between the lens and the dispersed particles concentrates on the dispersed particles during grinding, the dispersed particles are easily worn and the life of the grindstone is shortened.

  Furthermore, when the grindstone is regenerated, the surface of the substrate needs to be reworked, which increases the manufacturing cost.

  This invention has been made in view of such circumstances, the problem is that the object to be ground can be ground without scratching the surface of the object to be ground, the life of the grindstone can be extended, The object is to provide a grinding wheel capable of reducing the manufacturing cost.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base, wherein the abrasive layer is a layer containing a solid lubricant. A grinding wheel characterized by being

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the grinding wheel according to the first aspect, the base is made of a plastic resin material.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base, wherein the base is made of a plastic resin material. Whetstone.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the grinding stone according to the first or second aspect, the abrasive grain layer is formed of a first abrasive grain layer formed on the surface of the base and the first abrasive grain layer. A second abrasive layer formed on an upper surface, the first abrasive layer is formed by electroless plating containing diamond, CBN, and SiC as dispersed particles, and the second abrasive layer is It is formed by electroless plating of nickel and copper containing a fluororesin as the solid lubricant.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the grinding wheel according to the fourth aspect, the particle diameter of the solid lubricant in the second abrasive grain layer is approximately the diameter of the dispersed particles in the first abrasive grain layer. It is characterized by being 1/3 or less.

  The invention according to claim 6 is a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base, wherein a metal film is formed on the surface of the abrasive layer. To do.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a metal film is formed on a surface of the abrasive grain layer.

  According to the invention of this application, the object to be ground can be ground without scratching the surface of the object to be ground, the life of the grindstone can be extended, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross section of a grinding wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, diamond abrasive grains 26 and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) 27 (solid lubricant) are shown as dispersed particles.

  The grinding wheel 1 includes a base 10 and an abrasive layer 20 for grinding a lens of an object to be ground (not shown).

  The grinding wheel 1 rotates around the rotation axis O, for example, in the direction indicated by the arrow a. The lens is ground with the rotating grinding wheel 1.

  The base 10 is made of a plastic resin material. Specific materials include PEEK (polyether ether ketone), polyamide, and PPS (polyphenylene sulfide).

  The surface 10a of the base body 10 has a shape (convex surface shape) corresponding to the finished shape (concave surface shape) of the lens to be processed.

  An intermediate layer (not shown) made of a metal such as palladium having a strong catalytic action is formed on the surface 10a of the base 10 to activate the surface 10a. The palladium catalyst is held by an anchor (a minute recess) formed on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 by etching.

  The abrasive grain layer 20 is composed of a first abrasive grain layer 21 and a second abrasive grain layer 22 formed on the upper surface of the first abrasive grain layer 21.

  The first abrasive grain layer 21 is a composite layer containing a metal such as nickel or copper and dispersed particles (diamond abrasive grains 26, CBN (cubic boron nitride) or SiC (silicon carbide)). The first abrasive grain layer 21 is formed by electroless plating.

  The metal layer thickness of the first abrasive layer 21 is not more than one third of the diameter of the dispersed particles. The diameter of the dispersed particles is 0.1 to 100 μm. Therefore, most of the dispersed particles are exposed from the metal layer surface of the first abrasive grain layer 21 as shown in FIG.

  The second abrasive grain layer 22 is a composite layer containing a metal such as nickel or copper and dispersed particles (PTFE 27), and covers the diamond abrasive grains 26 exposed from the metal layer surface of the first abrasive grain layer 21. The second abrasive layer 22 is formed by electroless plating.

  The diameter of the PTFE 27 particles is approximately one third of the diameter of the diamond abrasive grains 26 of the first abrasive grain layer 21.

  The thickness of the abrasive grain layer 20 is substantially the same as the diameter of the diamond abrasive grain 26.

  On the surface of the second abrasive grain layer 22 (abrasive grain layer), a metal film 28 for releasing heat generated during processing from the diamond abrasive grains 26 is formed. The coating 28 is made of heavy metal or noble metal.

  A method for manufacturing the grinding wheel 1 will be described.

  2A to 2D are diagrams for explaining a manufacturing process.

  First, a polishing agent (not shown) such as iron powder or glass beads (roughness of 100 to 1000, preferably # 400) is sprayed on the surface 10a of the base 10 using compressed air or the like, and the surface 10a of the base 10 is thus sprayed. Is activated (blast treatment).

  Next, it is soaked in an alkaline aqueous solution, and organic matter such as fingerprints and fats and oils and other attached matter such as dust attached by electrostatic action are removed by the saponification action of the alkaline aqueous solution (degreasing).

  Thereafter, the substrate is immersed in an etching solution, and a part of the surface 10a of the substrate 10 is dissolved by chemical treatment with a strong oxidizing agent to chemically form an anchor (etching).

  Next, the substrate is dipped in a neutralization solution to remove the etching solution remaining on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 (neutralization treatment) (see FIG. 2A).

  Thereafter, it is immersed in a palladium solution containing tin, and palladium is applied to the surface 10a of the substrate 10 as a catalyst in order to smoothly perform electroless plating (catalyst application).

  Next, it is immersed in an acidic solution, and the tin adsorbed in the catalyst application step is removed by using an acidic solution to strengthen the catalytic action of palladium (acid activity).

  Then, it is immersed in an electroless plating solution containing dispersed particles, and a thin (0.1-0.5 μm) metal film (copper, nickel, etc.) 11 is formed on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 by electroless plating (surface adjustment) ( (Refer FIG.2 (b)).

  After the above intermediate layer surface treatment step, a treatment for forming the first abrasive layer 21 on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 is performed.

  The substrate 10 is immersed in an electroless nickel or copper plating solution in which dispersed particles (diamond abrasive grains 26, CBN or SiC) are mixed. As a result, the precipitation reaction starts, and the first abrasive grain layer 21 is formed on the surface 10a of the substrate 10 (see FIG. 2C).

  Next, the substrate 10 is immersed in an electroless nickel or copper plating solution mixed with dispersed particles (PTFE27). As a result, the precipitation reaction starts, and the second abrasive layer 22 made of dispersed particles containing PTFE 27 is formed on the upper surface of the first abrasive layer 21.

  As described above, the grinding wheel 1 with the dispersed particles slightly exposed from the surface is completed (see FIG. 2D).

  Finally, a metal film 28 (see FIG. 3) of 1 μm or less is formed on the surface of the second abrasive grain layer 22 (abrasive grain layer) by a dry process (evaporation, sputtering, CVD, etc.).

  Next, a grinding process of an object to be ground of a hard and brittle material such as a lens using the grinding wheel 1 will be described.

  FIG. 3A is a conceptual diagram illustrating lens grinding using a grinding wheel, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

  When the grinding operation of the lens 5 is started, first, the metal film 28 that contacts the lens 5 is worn, and the diamond abrasive grains 26 are slightly exposed from the surface of the second abrasive layer 22.

  As the grinding operation of the lens 5 proceeds, the second abrasive layer 22 is gradually worn.

  At this time, heat due to friction between the lens 5 and the diamond abrasive grains 26 is generated in the diamond abrasive grains 26, and this heat is transmitted to the metal coating 28, the second abrasive grain layer 22, and the first abrasive grain layer 21. Is done.

  Therefore, heat concentration on the diamond abrasive grains 26 is prevented, and wear of the diamond abrasive grains 26 is reduced.

  Chips (not shown) of the lens 5 and the grinding wheel 1 generated during grinding are discharged to the outside together with a grinding liquid (not shown) supplied between the lens 5 and the grinding wheel 1.

  Here, a case is considered in which a part of the diamond abrasive grains 26 and the lens 5 are chipped due to the grinding operation, and the pieces 26a and 5a are mixed with shavings.

  When the debris 26a, 5a mixed with the shavings is discharged to the outside together with the grinding liquid, the PTFE 27 softer than the diamond abrasive grains 26 and the lens 5 functions as a cushion between the shavings and the debris 26a, 5a with respect to the lens 5. To do.

  Therefore, the situation where the fragments 26a and 5a directly contact the lens 5 and damage the surface of the lens 5 is alleviated (see FIG. 3B).

  The metal film 28 is scraped off as the lens 5 is ground. However, the heat generated in the diamond abrasive grain 26 due to the friction between the lens 5 and the diamond abrasive grain 26 is generated by the second abrasive layer 22 and the first abrasive grain layer 1. To the abrasive layer 21.

  Therefore, heat concentration on the diamond abrasive grains 26 is prevented, and wear of the diamond abrasive grains 26 is reduced.

  Next, a method for regenerating the grinding wheel 1 will be described.

  First, the grinding wheel 1 is soaked in a 5-30% dilute nitric acid solution, and only the abrasive layer 20 whose grinding life has expired or which remains little is peeled off from the substrate 10.

  At this time, since the base body 10 is formed of a plastic resin material, the surface 10a of the base body 10 is not eroded by the acid and the original shape is not damaged.

  Thereafter, the surface treatment described above is performed, and the abrasive grain layer 20 is formed on the surface 10 a of the substrate 10.

  According to this embodiment, the lens 5 can be ground without scratching the surface of the lens 5.

  Moreover, since the wear of the diamond abrasive grains 26 is reduced, the life of the grindstone 1 can be extended.

  Furthermore, since the base body 10 is formed of a plastic resin material, it is not necessary to rework the surface of the base body as in the conventional example in which the base body 10 is made of a metal material when the grindstone is regenerated. it can. Further, since the base 10 is formed of a plastic resin material, the weight can be reduced, and the size is less restricted than the conventional example using a metal material.

  In the above embodiment, the surface 10a of the base 10 is convex to grind a lens having a concave finish, but for example, the surface 10a of the base 10 is concave to grind a lens having a convex finish. To. Even in the case where the abrasive layer 20 is formed on the concave surface 10a, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

  Further, the surface shape of the base body 10 is not limited to a spherical surface, and may be an aspherical shape obtained by slightly deforming the surface shape.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, PTFE is used as the solid lubricant. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a soft resin such as rubber or urethane beads may be used.

  FIG. 4A is a plan view of a grinding wheel according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a side view thereof.

  The grinding wheel 101 includes a columnar base 110 and an abrasive layer 120 that is formed on one end surface of the base 110 by plating and grinds the lens. The grinding wheel 101 rotates about the rotation axis O in the direction indicated by the arrow b, for example.

  This grinding wheel 101 is different from the grinding wheel of the first embodiment in that the surface of the abrasive grain layer 120 is substantially planar and that a screw is formed on the base 110.

  The abrasive grain layer 120 is formed with two orthogonal grooves 123 and 124. The grooves 123 and 124 are for attaching a grinding wheel 110 to a grinding wheel plate 150, which will be described later, and for releasing grinding fluid. The number of grooves 123 and 124 is not limited to two, and may be about 1 to 8.

  The abrasive grain layer 120 includes a first abrasive grain layer 121 and a second abrasive grain layer 122 formed on the upper surface of the first abrasive grain layer 121.

  The configurations of the first abrasive layer 121 and the second abrasive layer 122 are the same as the configurations of the first abrasive layer 21 and the first abrasive layer 21, respectively.

  On the surface of the second abrasive grain layer 122 (abrasive grain layer), a metal film 128 for releasing heat of the diamond abrasive grains 26 (see FIG. 1) generated during processing is formed. The coating 128 is made of heavy metal or noble metal.

  The base 110 is made of a plastic resin material. The other end of the base 110 is formed with a male screw 125 that is screwed with a female screw of a hole 151 (see FIG. 5) of the grinding stone plate 150.

  The diameters of the base 110 and the external thread 125 are 3 to 100 mm and 3 to 30 mm, respectively.

  Since the grinding wheel manufacturing method is the same as that of the grinding wheel of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, a grinding / polishing tool using this grinding wheel 101 will be described.

  FIG. 5A is a plan view of a grinding / polishing tool provided with a grinding wheel according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the grinding / polishing tool and a sand pan.

  A plurality of holes 151 are formed on the surface of the grinding wheel plate (diameter: about 10 to 150 cm) 150 on an imaginary straight line extending in the diameter direction. The number of holes 151 is determined such that the total area of the holes 151 is a predetermined ratio with respect to the surface area of the grindstone plate 150.

  An internal thread is formed in the hole 151 of the grinding wheel plate 150, and an external thread 125 of the grinding wheel 101 is screwed into the internal thread. In addition, illustration of the external thread 125 was abbreviate | omitted in FIG.5 (b).

  This grinding / polishing tool is formed as follows.

  First, since the external thread 125 of the base 110 is formed on the grindstone dish 150, it is screwed into the screw.

  Next, the base 110 is ground and polished by the sand pan 160, and the surface shape is processed into the finished shape of the lens.

  Finally, the abrasive grain layer 120 is formed on the base 110 by the above-described processing.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross section of a grinding wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process. FIG. 2B is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process. FIG. 2C is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process. FIG. 2D is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process. FIG. 3A is a conceptual diagram illustrating lens grinding with a grinding wheel. FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. FIG. 4A is a plan view of a grinding wheel according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a side view thereof. FIG. 5A is a plan view of a grinding / polishing tool including a grinding wheel according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the grinding / polishing tool and the sand pan.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,101 Grinding wheel 10,110 Base | substrate 10a Surface 20,120 Abrasive grain layer 21,121 1st abrasive grain layer 22,122 2nd abrasive grain layer 27 PTFE (solid lubricant)
28,128 metal coating

Claims (7)

In a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base,
The abrasive wheel for grinding, wherein the abrasive grain layer is a layer containing a solid lubricant.   2. The grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the base is made of a plastic resin material. In a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base,
The grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the base is made of a plastic resin material. The abrasive layer has a first abrasive layer formed on the surface of the substrate and a second abrasive layer formed on the upper surface of the first abrasive layer,
The first abrasive layer is formed by electroless plating containing diamond, CBN and SiC as dispersed particles,
The grinding wheel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second abrasive grain layer is formed by electroless plating of nickel and copper containing a fluororesin as the solid lubricant.   5. The grinding according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the particles of the solid lubricant in the second abrasive layer is approximately one third or less of the diameter of the dispersed particles in the first abrasive layer. Whetstone. In a grinding wheel comprising a base and an abrasive layer formed by plating on the surface of the base,
A grinding wheel, wherein a metal film is formed on the surface of the abrasive layer.   The grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a metal film is formed on a surface of the abrasive layer.

Images