JP2005017770A - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005017770A
JP2005017770A JP2003183345A JP2003183345A JP2005017770A JP 2005017770 A JP2005017770 A JP 2005017770A JP 2003183345 A JP2003183345 A JP 2003183345A JP 2003183345 A JP2003183345 A JP 2003183345A JP 2005017770 A JP2005017770 A JP 2005017770A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
transfer
image
photosensitive body
forming apparatus
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JP2003183345A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ichiro Komuro
一郎 小室
Toshinobu Kasuya
俊暢 粕谷
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003183345A priority Critical patent/JP2005017770A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus which sets a transfer current according to the percentage of toner images with weak electrostatic charge amount of toner images on a photosensitive body in order to suppress the generation of dust and unevenness of an image. <P>SOLUTION: The image forming apparatus 1 charges the photosensitive body 10, forms an electrostatic latent image by exposing the photosensitive body 10, forms the toner image by adhering charge toner to the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive body 10 and transfers the toner image on the photosensitive body 10 to transfer paper. Furthermore, the image forming apparatus 1 has a detection means 25 detecting toner amount on the photosensitive body and a detection means 24 of detecting potential on the surface of the photosensitive body provided in down stream from a developing device 7, creates a plurality of different reference images on the photosensitive body 10, calculates the percentage of weak electrostatic charge amount of the toner on the photosensitive body from a detection value of the detection means 25 of toner amount on the photosensitive body and a detection value of the detection means 24 detecting potential on the surface of the photosensitive body and controls transfer output conditions of a transfer device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プリンタ、複写機、ファクシミリ等の電子写真方式を用いた画像形成装置に係り、詳しくは、感光体上のトナー帯電量に応じて転写装置の転写出力を制御する画像形成装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
感光体上に形成されたトナー像のトナー量に対する転写紙上に転写されたトナー量の割合を転写効率と呼び、環境、転写紙種類、またはトナーの帯電量(単位重量当たりの電荷量)状況によらず転写効率を高める工夫が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1および2参照)。
【特許文献1】特開平5−289463号公報
【特許文献2】特開平6−102777号公報
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記特許文献1においては、プリントシーケンス前において、感光体の基準画像に対し、現像器から電荷トナーが移動すると現像電流が流れる。この現像電流を測定し、積分することで感光体上トナー像の全電荷を知る。
それとともにトナー濃度検出手段でトナー像の濃度を測定し、感光体上のトナー重量を知る。このトナー像の重量と電荷からトナー帯電量を算出し、その値に応じて最も効率の良い転写電流を決定している。
しかしながら、感光体上トナー像のトナーの帯電量は強いものから弱いものを含む分布を持っており、−20μC/g以下、とくに−10μC/g以下の帯電量としては弱いものの割合が多い場合においては、転写効率が最も高い転写電流を選ぶと、転写紙上のトナー像のそのまま弱い帯電量のトナーが多くなる。
転写紙上のトナー像の中の弱い帯電量のトナーは、トナーと転写紙に働く力(クーロン力)が弱い。このため、感光体からトナー像が転写紙に転写した後の工程における、例えば、転写装置からの剥離放電や、転写紙ガイド部材と転写紙の摺擦による静電気などの外乱による画像のチリやムラが発生しやすい。
この不具合に対し、転写効率が最も高い転写電流値よりも、高い転写電流値にしてトナー像を転写紙に転写すると、転写効率は若干低下するが、転写電界によるトナーへの電荷注入が起こり、転写紙上トナー像のトナー帯電量が増加する。
したがって、転写紙上トナー像の中の弱い帯電量のトナー像もチャージアップされ、トナーと転写紙に働く力(クーロン力)が強くなり、画像のチリやムラが生じにくい。
そこで本発明の目的は、上記の問題点を解決するために、画像のチリやムラの発生を抑制するために、感光体上トナー像の弱い帯電量のトナー像の割合に応じた転写電流の設定を行う画像形成装置を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の課題を解決するために、請求項1記載の発明では、感光体を帯電し、前記感光体を露光して静電潜像を形成し、前記感光体上の静電潜像に電荷トナーを付着させてトナー像を形成し、前記感光体上のトナー像を転写紙に転写する画像形成装置において、現像装置より下流に設けられた感光体上トナー量検出手段と感光体表面電位検出手段を有し、前記感光体上に複数の異なる基準画像を作成し、前記感光体上トナー量検出手段の検出値と前記感光体表面電位検出手段の検出値から、前記感光体上トナーの弱帯電量割合を算出し、転写装置の転写出力条件を制御する画像形成装置を最も主要な特徴とする。
請求項2記載の発明では、前記感光体上トナーの弱帯電量の割合が所定の値を超えた場合は、その割合に応じて前記転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定する請求項1記載の画像形成装置を主要な特徴とする。
請求項3記載の発明では、前記現像装置のトナー補給動作直後においては、所定時間、前記転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定する画像形成装置を主要な特徴とする。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面により本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。図1は本発明による画像形成装置の全体構成を説明する概略図である。図1に基づき画像形成装置1の構成と機能を説明する。
この画像形成装置1は、反転現像方式(N/P現像方式)を採用している。すなわち感光体(像担持体)10の表面を帯電装置2により約−900Vに一様にマイナス帯電させた後、レーザ露光3によって約−50Vの静電潜像が形成され、さらにマイナス帯電した非磁性トナーによってトナー像が作成される。
ここでは、画像メモリ制御部および原稿読み取り部の説明は省略する。現像装置7は二成分現像装置であり、この現像装置7内には、磁性材料からなるキャリアに非磁性トナーが所定の割合(濃度)になるよう内包されている。
現像装置7は、感光体10に現像剤中のトナーを付与する現像ローラ9、11、現像ローラ9上の現像剤量を規制する現像ドクター12、現像剤を攪拌する攪拌部材13、14、15を備えている。
現像装置7の右側にはトナー補給部8があり、図示していないトナーカートリッジから送られたトナーを現像装置7内へトナー補給ローラ16を使って徐々に補給する。トナー補給は現像装置7内の現像剤濃度に応じ、不足分のみ補給される。
補給されたトナーは、攪拌部材13、14、15によりキャリアと攪拌され、キャリアに付いてマイナス帯電する。そして、現像ローラ9、11の内部に位置する磁石に引き付けられ現像ローラ9、11の外周のスリーブに付着する。
現像ローラ9、11のスリーブの回転により現像ドクター12の位置まで搬送され、所定量に規制された後、感光体10との現像領域まで来る。図示していない現像バイアス電源から現像ローラ9、11に約−550Vが給電されて、現像剤中のマイナス帯電したトナーのみが静電潜像に移動し、トナー像となる。
【0006】
転写紙を収容する図示していない給紙カセットから転写紙が矢印B方向に搬送され、レジストローラ5にて一旦停止する。感光体10上のトナー像のタイミングに合わせて、レジストローラ5より転写紙が送られ、転写手段6である転写ベルト17により、感光体10上のトナー像が転写紙に移る。
転写ベルト17は、ベルト内側に駆動ローラ18、従動ローラ19、バイアスローラ20が配設されている。バイアスローラ20は転写高圧電源21と結合し、転写バイアスが印加され、感光体10側に流れる電流が一定になるように制御されている。
トナー像が乗った転写紙は定着手段23によりトナーが転写紙に定着され、この後、画像形成装置1外に排出される。転写紙に転写されなかったトナーは感光体クリーニング手段28のブラシローラ29、クリーニングブレード30によって回収される。その後、感光体10表面は除電手段である除電ランプ31により除電される。
感光体10の現像装置7下流側には現像されたトナー像上の電位を測定するための電位センサ24(表面電位検出手段)と、現像されたトナー量を測定するための光反射式センサ25(トナー量検出手段)が設けられ、この2つの出力がトナー帯電量測定回路26に送られ、感光体10上のトナー量と感光体10上のトナーの帯電量を求める。
一般的にトナーの帯電量は、電荷量を単位重量で割った数値q/mで表し、単位μC/gで示す。しかし、実際にはトナー帯電量は分布をもち、前述のトナー帯電量q/mは平均値的意味合いの数値である。
【0007】
図2は通常のトナーの帯電量の分布曲線を示す分布図である。図3は通常の状態に比べ低めにシフトした状態の分布曲線を示す分布図である。図4は低い帯電量の割合が増えた状態の分布曲線を示す分布図である。図5は通常の場合と比べ低帯電量かつ分布に幅を持った状態の分布曲線を示す分布図である。
トナー帯電量の分布は画像形成装置の使用状態によっても異なってくる。この様子を図2〜図5のトナーの帯電量の分布曲線で表す。一般的にトナー帯電量分布は、縦軸にトナー個数または頻度(%)、横軸に帯電量を径で割ったq/d(fc/μm)で表わしている。
通常の状態は図2のようにきれいな分布をしている。長期放置後や高温高湿環境の場合は、図3のように通常の状態に比べ低めにシフトした状態なる。また、トナー補給直後においては、図4のように低い帯電量の割合が増えた状態になる。
また、経時の、とくに現像剤中のキャリアがコート膜剥がれ等を起こし、トナーへの摩擦帯電能力が低下した場合は、図5のごとく通常の場合と比べ低帯電量かつ分布に幅を持った状態になる。
現像装置7より感光体10へ移動するトナーは、帯電量の低いものから移動する。帯電量の高いものはクーロン力が大きく、キャリアとの付着力が強いため、現像電界内で感光体10側へ移動しづらい。
また、転写紙上のトナーにおいて、トナー帯電量の低いものは、クーロン力が弱く、転写紙とトナーの結びつきが弱い。転写紙上にトナー帯電量が低いものが存在すると定着される前に転写ベルト17から転写紙が離れるさいの剥離放電や転写後に転写紙と定着入り口ガイド板22との摺擦による摩擦帯電等の影響により、画像のチリが発生しやすい。
【0008】
図6は転写効率と転写電流との関係を示す特性図である。本発明者等は転写紙上のトナーの帯電量と転写電流がある範囲まで比例関係にあることを見出した。図6のように、転写電流を大きくすると転写効率(感光体から転写紙へトナーが移動する割合)は、低下するが、転写紙上トナー帯電量が増加する。
転写紙上のトナー帯電量が増加すると、クーロン力が増加し、転写紙とトナーの結びつきが強くなり、画像のチリが発生しにくくなることが解った。転写効率の低下をできるだけ抑え、かつ、転写紙上のトナー帯電量増加を行えれば、良好な画像を提供できることが解った。
この転写によるトナー帯電量増加の現象は、感光体10から剥離放電時の電荷注入や転写電界内での静電誘導によるものと考えられる。転写制御の1つについて説明する。転写電源21より供給される転写バイアスはコントローラ27からの信号で制御されている。
まず、通常のプリントシーケンスに入る前、例えば本体電源オン後の立ち上げ時や、ある一定稼動休止後や、連続稼動後などの休止時間を利用して、感光体10を回転させ、コントローラから感光体10上に基準潜像を作成する。
この基準潜像を2種類以上の現像バイアス値により現像し、基準トナー画像を複数種類作成する。複数種類作成した基準画像を電位センサ24と光反射式センサ25で検出し、これらの出力がトナー帯電量測定回路26に送られ、感光体10上のトナーの帯電量分布を算出する。
【0009】
基準トナー像の電位Vと帯電量分布の関係は、V=a×Q×Mで求まる。ここで、aは係数、Qは帯電量分布中の平均帯電量、Mはトナー量である。言い換えれば電位Vとトナー量Mが解れば、Qが求められる。
さらに、現像バイアス等を変えて、電位Vを2水準以上とれば、図4や図5のような帯電量分布も算出できる。具体的には、図2〜図5において、例えば基準画像作成の現像バイアス値を通常のバイアス値よりも小さい値B1とさらに小さい値B2とする。
バイアスB1で現像するトナーは帯電量分布中の一点鎖線左側のトナーである。バイアスB2で現像するトナーは破線左側のトナーである。図2〜図5において、それぞれのバイアスにおける電位センサの出力値V1、V2と光反射センサの出力値M1、M2が解れば、トナー帯電量分布を算出できる。
トナー帯電量分布が解り、弱い帯電量のトナー割合が多い場合、コントローラ27からの信号で転写電源21が制御され、その割合に応じて転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きく制御する。
具体的には、通常の画像形成装置使用状態である最も帯電量の低いトナーの割合が少ない図2の場合は、転写ベルト17から感光体10に流れる転写電流値を通常条件である−50μAとしている。
【0010】
図3の場合は、最も帯電量が低いトナーが多いため、転写電流値を−100μAと最も大きくしている。図5の場合は、次に帯電量が低いトナーが多いため、転写電流値を−70μAとしている。図4の場合は、帯電量が低いトナーと高いトナーが混在しているため、転写電流値を−60μAとしている。
低いトナー帯電量の割合が多くなるにつれて、転写電流を大きくさせ、転写におけるトナー帯電量増加を行ったため、転写効率をあまり低下させることなく画像チリが抑えることができる。
現像装置7のトナー補給部8の補給ローラ16が回転し、トナー補給動作が行われた直後は、不十分な帯電のトナーが存在する。このトナーがすぐに現像に寄与してしまう場合もある。不十分な帯電のトナーは、画像チリを起こしやすい。
このため、本発明においては、トナー補給動作が行われた直後、摩擦帯電が十分行われる所定の時間またはプリント数分だけ通常の条件よりも転写電流値を大きくし、転写におけるトナー帯電量増加を行う。転写効率をあまり低下させることなく画像チリが抑えることができる。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項1によれば、感光体上トナー量検出手段の検出値と感光体表面電位検出手段の検出値から感光体上トナーの弱帯電量割合を算出し、転写出力条件を制御することによって、弱い帯電量のトナーの割合が増加しても、転写効率をあまり低下させることなく画像チリが抑えられ、安定した画像を供給できる。
請求項2によれば、感光体上トナーの弱帯電量の割合が所定の値を超えた場合は、その割合に応じて転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定したことで、画像チリが抑えられ、安定した画像を供給できる。
請求項3によれば、現像装置のトナー補給動作直後において、転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定したことで、画像チリが抑えられ、安定した画像を供給できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による画像形成装置の全体構成を説明する概略図。
【図2】通常のトナーの帯電量の分布曲線を示す分布図。
【図3】通常の状態に比べ低めにシフトした状態の分布曲線を示す分布図。
【図4】低い帯電量の割合が増えた状態の分布曲線を示す分布図。
【図5】通常の場合と比べ低帯電量かつ分布に幅を持った状態の分布曲線を示す分布図。
【図6】転写効率と転写電流との関係を示す特性図。
【符号の説明】
1 画像形成装置、2 帯電装置、3 レーザ露光、6 転写装置(転写手段)7 現像装置、10 感光体、24 表面電位検出手段(電位センサ)、25 感光体上トナー量検出手段(光反射式センサ)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system such as a printer, a copying machine, and a facsimile, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus that controls a transfer output of a transfer device in accordance with a toner charge amount on a photosensitive member. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The ratio of the amount of toner transferred onto the transfer paper to the amount of toner in the toner image formed on the photoconductor is called transfer efficiency, and the environment, type of transfer paper, or toner charge amount (charge amount per unit weight) Regardless, there have been proposals for improving the transfer efficiency (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-5-289463 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-6-102777 [0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In Patent Document 1, a developing current flows when charged toner moves from a developing device with respect to a reference image of a photoreceptor before a print sequence. By measuring and integrating this developing current, the total charge of the toner image on the photoreceptor is known.
At the same time, the density of the toner image is measured by the toner density detecting means to know the toner weight on the photoreceptor. The toner charge amount is calculated from the weight and charge of the toner image, and the most efficient transfer current is determined according to the value.
However, in the case where the toner charge amount of the toner image on the photosensitive member has a distribution including strong to weak ones, and the charge amount of −20 μC / g or less, particularly −10 μC / g or less, is low. If a transfer current having the highest transfer efficiency is selected, the toner image on the transfer paper has a weakly charged toner as it is.
The weakly charged toner in the toner image on the transfer paper has a weak force (Coulomb force) acting on the toner and the transfer paper. For this reason, in the process after the toner image is transferred from the photoconductor to the transfer paper, for example, peeling or discharge from the transfer device, or dust or unevenness in the image due to disturbance such as static electricity due to sliding between the transfer paper guide member and the transfer paper. Is likely to occur.
For this problem, when the toner image is transferred to transfer paper with a transfer current value higher than the transfer current value with the highest transfer efficiency, the transfer efficiency is slightly reduced, but charge injection into the toner due to the transfer electric field occurs, The toner charge amount of the toner image on the transfer paper increases.
Therefore, a weakly charged toner image in the toner image on the transfer paper is also charged up, the force acting on the toner and the transfer paper (Coulomb force) is increased, and the image is less likely to cause dust and unevenness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to suppress the occurrence of dust and unevenness in an image, the transfer current corresponding to the ratio of the toner image with a weak charge amount of the toner image on the photoreceptor is changed. An object is to provide an image forming apparatus that performs setting.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the invention according to claim 1, the photosensitive member is charged, the photosensitive member is exposed to form an electrostatic latent image, and the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member is charged with charged toner. In the image forming apparatus for forming a toner image by attaching the toner image and transferring the toner image on the photosensitive member to a transfer sheet, the toner amount detecting unit on the photosensitive member and the photosensitive member surface potential detecting unit provided downstream from the developing device A plurality of different reference images are formed on the photoconductor, and the weakly charged toner on the photoconductor is detected from the detection value of the toner amount detection unit on the photoconductor and the detection value of the surface potential detection unit of the photoconductor. An image forming apparatus that calculates the amount ratio and controls the transfer output condition of the transfer apparatus is the main feature.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the ratio of the weakly charged amount of the toner on the photoconductor exceeds a predetermined value, the transfer current value of the transfer device is set larger than the normal condition according to the ratio. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 is a main feature.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, an image forming apparatus that sets a transfer current value of the transfer device larger than a normal condition for a predetermined time immediately after a toner replenishment operation of the developing device is a main feature.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall configuration of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the image forming apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The image forming apparatus 1 employs a reversal development method (N / P development method). That is, after the surface of the photoreceptor (image carrier) 10 is uniformly negatively charged to about −900 V by the charging device 2, an electrostatic latent image of about −50 V is formed by the laser exposure 3, and the negatively charged A toner image is created with magnetic toner.
Here, descriptions of the image memory control unit and the document reading unit are omitted. The developing device 7 is a two-component developing device. In the developing device 7, non-magnetic toner is included in a carrier made of a magnetic material so as to have a predetermined ratio (density).
The developing device 7 includes developing rollers 9 and 11 that apply toner in the developer to the photoconductor 10, a developing doctor 12 that regulates the amount of developer on the developing roller 9, and stirring members 13, 14, and 15 that stir the developer. It has.
A toner replenishing unit 8 is provided on the right side of the developing device 7, and toner supplied from a toner cartridge (not shown) is gradually replenished into the developing device 7 using a toner replenishing roller 16. The toner is replenished only for the shortage according to the developer concentration in the developing device 7.
The replenished toner is agitated with the carrier by the agitating members 13, 14 and 15, and is negatively charged by attaching to the carrier. Then, it is attracted to the magnet located inside the developing rollers 9 and 11 and adheres to the outer sleeves of the developing rollers 9 and 11.
The toner is conveyed to the position of the developing doctor 12 by the rotation of the sleeves of the developing rollers 9 and 11, and after being regulated to a predetermined amount, reaches the developing area with the photoreceptor 10. About −550 V is supplied to the developing rollers 9 and 11 from a developing bias power source (not shown), and only the negatively charged toner in the developer moves to the electrostatic latent image to become a toner image.
[0006]
The transfer paper is conveyed in the direction of arrow B from a paper feed cassette (not shown) that accommodates the transfer paper, and is temporarily stopped by the registration roller 5. In accordance with the timing of the toner image on the photoconductor 10, the transfer paper is fed from the registration roller 5, and the toner image on the photoconductor 10 is transferred to the transfer paper by the transfer belt 17 as the transfer unit 6.
The transfer belt 17 is provided with a driving roller 18, a driven roller 19, and a bias roller 20 inside the belt. The bias roller 20 is coupled to a transfer high-voltage power supply 21 and is controlled so that a transfer bias is applied and the current flowing to the photoconductor 10 side becomes constant.
The transfer paper on which the toner image is placed is fixed on the transfer paper by the fixing unit 23, and is then discharged out of the image forming apparatus 1. The toner that has not been transferred to the transfer paper is collected by the brush roller 29 and the cleaning blade 30 of the photoconductor cleaning means 28. Thereafter, the surface of the photoreceptor 10 is neutralized by a neutralizing lamp 31 which is a neutralizing unit.
On the downstream side of the developing device 7 of the photoconductor 10, a potential sensor 24 (surface potential detecting means) for measuring the potential on the developed toner image and a light reflection sensor 25 for measuring the amount of developed toner. (Toner amount detection means) is provided, and these two outputs are sent to the toner charge amount measurement circuit 26 to determine the toner amount on the photoconductor 10 and the charge amount of the toner on the photoconductor 10.
In general, the charge amount of a toner is expressed by a numerical value q / m obtained by dividing the charge amount by a unit weight, and expressed in unit μC / g. However, the toner charge amount actually has a distribution, and the above-described toner charge amount q / m is a numerical value with an average meaning.
[0007]
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve of the charge amount of a normal toner. FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state shifted lower than in the normal state. FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state where the ratio of the low charge amount is increased. FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state where the charge amount is low and the distribution is wider than in the normal case.
The toner charge amount distribution varies depending on the use state of the image forming apparatus. This state is represented by the distribution curve of the toner charge amount in FIGS. Generally, the toner charge amount distribution is represented by q / d (fc / μm) obtained by dividing the toner amount or frequency (%) on the vertical axis and the charge amount divided by the diameter on the horizontal axis.
The normal state has a clean distribution as shown in FIG. In the case of being left for a long time or in a high temperature and high humidity environment, as shown in FIG. Further, immediately after the toner supply, the ratio of the low charge amount is increased as shown in FIG.
In addition, when the carrier in the developer causes peeling of the coat film over time and the friction charging ability to the toner is lowered, as shown in FIG. 5, the charge amount and the distribution are wide as compared with the normal case. It becomes a state.
The toner that moves from the developing device 7 to the photoconductor 10 moves from the one with the lower charge amount. Those having a high charge amount have a large Coulomb force and a strong adhesion to the carrier, so that it is difficult to move to the photoconductor 10 side in the developing electric field.
In addition, toner on the transfer paper having a low toner charge amount has a low Coulomb force and a weak bond between the transfer paper and the toner. If there is a toner having a low toner charge amount on the transfer paper, the influence of peeling discharge when the transfer paper is separated from the transfer belt 17 before fixing, frictional charging due to the sliding between the transfer paper and the fixing entrance guide plate 22 after transfer, etc. As a result, the image is likely to be dusty.
[0008]
FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between transfer efficiency and transfer current. The present inventors have found that the charge amount of the toner on the transfer paper and the transfer current are proportional to a certain range. As shown in FIG. 6, when the transfer current is increased, the transfer efficiency (ratio of toner moving from the photoconductor to the transfer paper) decreases, but the toner charge amount on the transfer paper increases.
It has been found that when the toner charge amount on the transfer paper increases, the Coulomb force increases, the connection between the transfer paper and the toner becomes stronger, and the image is less likely to be dusted. It has been found that if a reduction in transfer efficiency is suppressed as much as possible and a toner charge amount on the transfer paper can be increased, a good image can be provided.
The phenomenon of increase in the toner charge amount due to the transfer is considered to be due to charge injection at the time of peeling discharge from the photoreceptor 10 or electrostatic induction in the transfer electric field. One transfer control will be described. The transfer bias supplied from the transfer power supply 21 is controlled by a signal from the controller 27.
First, before entering the normal print sequence, for example, when starting up after turning on the main body, after a certain operation stop, or after a continuous operation, the photosensitive member 10 is rotated and the controller performs photosensitivity. A reference latent image is created on the body 10.
The reference latent image is developed with two or more types of development bias values to create a plurality of types of reference toner images. A plurality of types of created reference images are detected by the potential sensor 24 and the light reflection type sensor 25, and their outputs are sent to the toner charge amount measurement circuit 26 to calculate the toner charge amount distribution on the photoconductor 10.
[0009]
The relationship between the potential V of the reference toner image and the charge amount distribution is obtained by V = a × Q × M. Here, a is a coefficient, Q is an average charge amount in the charge amount distribution, and M is a toner amount. In other words, if the potential V and the toner amount M are known, Q can be obtained.
Furthermore, if the developing bias or the like is changed and the potential V is set to two levels or more, the charge amount distribution as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be calculated. Specifically, in FIGS. 2 to 5, for example, the development bias value for creating the reference image is set to a value B1 smaller than the normal bias value and a value B2 smaller than the normal bias value.
The toner developed with the bias B1 is the toner on the left side of the alternate long and short dash line in the charge amount distribution. The toner to be developed with the bias B2 is the toner on the left side of the broken line. 2 to 5, if the output values V1 and V2 of the potential sensor and the output values M1 and M2 of the light reflection sensor at each bias are known, the toner charge amount distribution can be calculated.
When the toner charge amount distribution is known and the toner ratio of the weak charge amount is large, the transfer power source 21 is controlled by a signal from the controller 27, and the transfer current value is controlled to be larger than the normal condition according to the ratio.
Specifically, in the case of FIG. 2 in which the ratio of the toner with the lowest charge amount, which is a normal image forming apparatus use state, is small, the transfer current value flowing from the transfer belt 17 to the photoconductor 10 is set to −50 μA which is a normal condition. Yes.
[0010]
In the case of FIG. 3, since there is a large amount of toner having the lowest charge amount, the transfer current value is maximized to −100 μA. In the case of FIG. 5, since the toner having the next lowest charge amount is large, the transfer current value is set to −70 μA. In the case of FIG. 4, since a toner having a low charge amount and a toner having a high charge are mixed, the transfer current value is set to −60 μA.
As the ratio of the low toner charge amount increases, the transfer current is increased and the toner charge amount in transfer is increased, so that image dust can be suppressed without significantly reducing the transfer efficiency.
Immediately after the replenishing roller 16 of the toner replenishing section 8 of the developing device 7 rotates and the toner replenishing operation is performed, there is insufficiently charged toner. In some cases, this toner immediately contributes to development. Insufficiently charged toner tends to cause image dust.
For this reason, in the present invention, immediately after the toner replenishment operation is performed, the transfer current value is increased from the normal condition by a predetermined time or the number of prints for which the frictional charging is sufficiently performed, and the toner charge amount in the transfer is increased. Do. Image dust can be suppressed without significantly reducing the transfer efficiency.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect, the weak charge amount ratio of the toner on the photosensitive member is calculated from the detection value of the toner amount detecting unit on the photosensitive member and the detection value of the surface potential detecting unit of the photosensitive member. By controlling this, even if the proportion of the toner with a weak charge amount increases, image dust is suppressed without significantly reducing the transfer efficiency, and a stable image can be supplied.
According to claim 2, when the ratio of the weak charge amount of the toner on the photoconductor exceeds a predetermined value, the transfer current value of the transfer device is set larger than the normal condition according to the ratio, Image dust is suppressed and a stable image can be supplied.
According to the third aspect, immediately after the toner supply operation of the developing device, the transfer current value of the transfer device is set to be larger than the normal condition, so that image dust is suppressed and a stable image can be supplied.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall configuration of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve of charge amount of a normal toner.
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state shifted lower than in a normal state.
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state where the ratio of a low charge amount is increased.
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram showing a distribution curve in a state where the amount of charge is low and the distribution is wider than in a normal case.
FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between transfer efficiency and transfer current.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Image forming apparatus, 2 Charging apparatus, 3 Laser exposure, 6 Transfer apparatus (transfer means) 7 Developing apparatus, 10 Photoconductor, 24 Surface potential detection means (potential sensor), 25 Toner amount detection means on photoconductor (light reflection type) Sensor)

Claims (3)

感光体を帯電し、前記感光体を露光して静電潜像を形成し、前記感光体上の静電潜像に電荷トナーを付着させてトナー像を形成し、前記感光体上のトナー像を転写紙に転写する画像形成装置において、現像装置より下流に設けられた感光体上トナー量検出手段と感光体表面電位検出手段を有し、前記感光体上に複数の異なる基準画像を作成し、前記感光体上トナー量検出手段の検出値と前記感光体表面電位検出手段の検出値から、前記感光体上トナーの弱帯電量割合を算出し、転写装置の転写出力条件を制御することを特徴とする画像形成装置。The photosensitive member is charged, the photosensitive member is exposed to form an electrostatic latent image, and a charged toner is attached to the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member to form a toner image. The toner image on the photosensitive member In the image forming apparatus for transferring the toner onto the transfer paper, the image forming apparatus includes a toner amount detecting unit on the photoconductor and a surface potential detecting unit provided on the downstream side of the developing device, and a plurality of different reference images are created on the photoconductor. A weak charge amount ratio of the toner on the photosensitive member is calculated from the detection value of the toner amount detecting member on the photosensitive member and the detection value of the photosensitive member surface potential detecting unit, and the transfer output condition of the transfer device is controlled. An image forming apparatus. 前記感光体上トナーの弱帯電量の割合が所定の値を超えた場合は、その割合に応じて前記転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の画像形成装置。2. The transfer current value of the transfer device is set to be larger than a normal condition according to the ratio of the weakly charged amount of the toner on the photoconductor exceeding a predetermined value. The image forming apparatus described. 前記現像装置のトナー補給動作直後においては、所定時間、前記転写装置の転写電流値を通常条件よりも大きめに設定することを特徴とする画像形成装置。Immediately after the toner replenishment operation of the developing device, the transfer current value of the transfer device is set larger than a normal condition for a predetermined time.
JP2003183345A 2003-06-26 2003-06-26 Image forming apparatus Pending JP2005017770A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006259303A (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2010061079A (en) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-18 Canon Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2010139707A (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-24 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus and image forming method
JP2017161585A (en) * 2016-03-07 2017-09-14 キヤノン株式会社 Image forming apparatus
JP2019113736A (en) * 2017-12-25 2019-07-11 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Image formation apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006259303A (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2010061079A (en) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-18 Canon Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2010139707A (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-24 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus and image forming method
JP2017161585A (en) * 2016-03-07 2017-09-14 キヤノン株式会社 Image forming apparatus
JP2019113736A (en) * 2017-12-25 2019-07-11 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Image formation apparatus
JP7069700B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2022-05-18 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社 Image forming device

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