JP2005016083A - Cooling device for construction machinery, and the construction machinery with the cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling device for a construction machine and the construction machinery with the cooling device capable of improving the combustion efficiency of an engine. <P>SOLUTION: An inter cooler 34 provided in an engine unit 6 internally enfolding an engine 21, cooling air sucked in the engine 21, a cooling fan 36 provided in the engine unit 6 bringing the cooling air into the inter cooler 34, and an engine cooler partition wall 31 partitioning the engine unit 6 into the engine room 20 in which the engine 21 is housed and a cooler chamber 30 in which the inter cooler 34 and the cooling fan 36 are housed, are provided in the construction machinery. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling device for a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a cooling device for a construction machine capable of improving the combustion efficiency of an engine and a construction machine including the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator is provided with a heat exchanger such as a radiator for cooling an engine and an oil cooler for cooling hydraulic oil in an engine room, and a cooling fan supplies cooling air to the heat exchanger. To cool the cooling water and hydraulic oil. As a cooling method at this time, there is a so-called extrusion cooling method in which the flow direction of the cooling air in the engine room is in the order of the engine, the heat exchanger, and the cooling fan. In this extrusion cooling method, outside air sucked from outside the engine room is first flowed as cooling air around the engine to cool the engine, and then introduced into the heat exchanger. Therefore, since the cooling air is warmed around the engine and then introduced into the heat exchanger, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger is reduced.
[0003]
From such a background, a partition member is provided that partitions the engine chamber into a first chamber (engine compartment) for storing the engine and a second chamber (cooling system compartment) for storing the heat exchanger and the cooling fan. There is a cooling device for a construction machine in which two air inlets are provided (for example, see Patent Document 1). With this configuration, the cooling air is prevented from being warmed by the engine and flowing into the heat exchanger, and outside air outside the engine room can always be introduced into the heat exchanger via the intake port. The engine and hydraulic oil can be efficiently cooled by improving the cooling efficiency of the vessel.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-166862 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there are the following problems in the above-described prior art.
In other words, when the construction machine is a large construction machine such as a large hydraulic excavator, the engine that drives the hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to each actuator requires a large horsepower and, for example, a large-scale overseas mine. Therefore, the engine must output a large horsepower continuously for a long time, and the combustion efficiency in the engine is therefore important. In order to improve the combustion efficiency of the engine, it is effective to increase the intake air amount by lowering the temperature of the air sucked into the engine to increase the intake air amount. Then, although the engine and the hydraulic oil could be efficiently cooled, the intake air temperature of the engine could not be efficiently cooled. That is, when applied to a large construction machine, the cooling of the engine intake air has not been sufficient.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine cooling apparatus capable of improving the combustion efficiency of an engine and a construction machine including the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) In order to solve the above-described problem, a first invention is a cooling device for cooling a material to be cooled of a construction machine, and is provided in an engine room containing an engine and cools air sucked into the engine. A first heat exchanger, a first cooling fan that is provided in the engine chamber and introduces cooling air into the first heat exchanger, and a first chamber in which the engine is housed. A cooling apparatus for a construction machine, comprising: a partition member that is partitioned into a first chamber in which the first heat exchanger and the first cooling fan are housed.
[0008]
In the present invention, the first cooling fan introduces cooling air into the first heat exchanger to cool the air taken into the engine. At this time, a partition member is provided that partitions the engine chamber into a first chamber in which the engine is stored and a second chamber in which the first heat exchanger and the first cooling fan are stored. The partition member can prevent the cooling air heated around the engine from being introduced into the first heat exchanger as in the case of a so-called extrusion cooling system in which the heat exchanger and the first cooling fan flow in this order. . As a result, the cooling efficiency of the first heat exchanger can be improved. As described above, according to the present invention, the engine efficiency is improved as compared with the structure of the prior art in which only the hydraulic oil and the engine cooling water are improved by improving the cooling efficiency of the first heat exchanger. Since the intake air temperature of the engine can be further reduced, the density of air taken into the engine can be increased. Thereby, the combustion efficiency of an engine can be improved. As a result, the engine output can be increased and the horsepower of the construction machine can be increased.
[0009]
(2) In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the second invention is characterized in that the second chamber is provided with an intake port for taking in outside air outside the engine room. It is in.
[0010]
Thereby, cool outdoor air outside the engine room can always be introduced into the first heat exchanger. Therefore, the air sucked into the engine can be reliably cooled, and the combustion efficiency of the engine can be reliably improved.
[0011]
(3) In order to solve the above-described problem, the third invention cools the refrigerant for cooling the engine downstream in the flow direction of the cooling air of the first heat exchanger in the second chamber. 3. The construction machine cooling apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a second heat exchanger.
[0012]
(4) In order to solve the above-described problem, a fourth invention is a second heat exchanger that cools hydraulic oil to the outside of the engine room, and a second heat exchanger that introduces cooling air into the third heat exchanger. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 3, further comprising a cooling fan.
[0013]
(5) In order to solve the above-described problem, according to a fifth aspect of the invention, the construction machine includes a traveling body and a revolving body provided on the traveling body so as to be capable of swiveling. Or a cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1.
[0014]
(6) In order to solve the above-described problem, a sixth invention is directed to a traveling body, a revolving body provided on the traveling body in a turnable manner, an engine mounted on the revolving body, and an engine including the engine. A heat exchanger provided in the engine chamber for cooling air taken into the engine, a cooling fan provided in the engine chamber for introducing cooling air into the heat exchanger, and the engine chamber. A construction machine comprising: a partition member partitioned into a first chamber in which the engine is stored and a second chamber in which the heat exchanger and the cooling fan are stored.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a cooling device for a construction machine and a construction machine having the same according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire structure of a large-sized hydraulic excavator equipped with an embodiment of a cooling device for construction equipment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view of the large-sized hydraulic excavator as viewed from the direction of arrow II in FIG. It is an arrow front view. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the front device is not shown in order to prevent complication.
[0016]
1 and 2, 1 is a large hydraulic excavator, 2 is an endless track crawler (crawler) which is a traveling means, 3 is a traveling body provided with the endless track 2 on both left and right sides, 4 A revolving structure 5 is mounted on the upper portion of the traveling body 3 so as to be capable of swiveling. A revolving frame 5 forms a lower part of the foundation of the revolving structure 4. A revolving frame 6 is provided on the rear side (right side in FIG. 1). An engine unit 7 is disposed on the left side of the front (left side in FIG. 1, front side in FIG. 2) of the revolving frame 5, and 8 is positioned below the driver's cab 7. A supporting cab bed, 9 is a fuel tank provided behind the cab bed 8 on the swivel frame 5, 10 is a passage provided on the swivel frame 5 and leads to the cab 7, and 11 is the swivel frame 5. The counter-wound attached to the upper rear part A site, the counterweight 11 is adapted to take a weight balance between the front device (not shown) provided in the front portion of the revolving frame 5.
[0017]
12 is a substantially H-shaped track frame in plan view, 13 is a drive wheel rotatably supported near the rear ends of both the left and right sides of the track frame 12, and 14 is a traveling hydraulic pressure that drives the drive wheel 13. It is a motor. Reference numeral 15 denotes a driven wheel (idler) rotatably supported near the left and right front ends of the track frame 12. The driven wheel 15 is rotated by the driving force of the driving wheel 13 through the endless track crawler belt 2. Is done. The traveling body 3 includes the track frame 12, left and right driving wheels 13 and 13, left and right traveling hydraulic motors 14 and 14, and left and right driven wheels 15 and 15. Reference numeral 16 denotes a turning wheel disposed substantially at the center of the traveling body 3, and a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) turning hydraulic motors 17 (see FIG. 3 to be described later) in the vicinity of the center of the turning wheel 16. ) Is built-in. Thereby, the turning frame 5 can turn with respect to the traveling body 3.
[0018]
3 is a plan view of the revolving structure 4 showing the arrangement of various devices on the revolving structure 4. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. In FIG. 4, thick arrows indicate the flow of cooling air.
3 and 4, reference numeral 20 denotes an engine chamber provided so as to contain an engine 21 arranged along the width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 3, horizontal direction in FIG. 4) of the large excavator 1, 22 A plurality (four in this embodiment) of air cleaners 23 are provided in the engine chamber 20 to remove dust and the like from the air sucked into the engine 21, and a muffler (see also FIG. 1). A pump chamber 24 is partitioned from the engine chamber 20 by an engine-pump partition wall 25, and includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps 26, a high-pressure strainer 27 (shown only in FIG. 3), and a battery 28 (shown only in FIG. 3). Is housed. The hydraulic pump 26 is driven by the engine 21 and supplies pressure oil to a plurality of hydraulic actuators (not shown) mounted on the large excavator 1 via a high-pressure strainer 27.
[0019]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a cooler chamber that is separated from the engine chamber 20 by an engine-cooler partition wall 31. The cooler chamber 30 is further upstream in the flow direction of cooling air by a cooler unit 32 and a support member 33 that supports the cooler unit 32 ( 3 is divided into an intake chamber 30A located on the upper side in FIG. 3 and the right side in FIG. 4 and an exhaust chamber 30B located on the downstream side in the flow direction of the cooling air (lower side in FIG. 3, left side in FIG. 4). The cooler unit 32 drives an intercooler 34 that cools air sucked into the engine 21 (hereinafter referred to as engine intake air), a radiator 35 that cools the engine 21, a cooling fan 36, and the cooling fan 36. The cooling fan device 38 includes a plurality of hydraulic motors 37 (four in the present embodiment, two of which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). The intercooler 34 and the radiator 35 are provided. The cooling fan device 38 is arranged in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction of the cooling air. That is, when the cooling fan 36 is driven by the hydraulic motor 37, the outside air around the large excavator 1 is sucked from the intake port cover 39 (see FIG. 1) provided on the rear side of the engine unit 6, and the intake chamber 30A. Is introduced into the intake chamber 30A via an intake port 40 (see FIG. 4) provided in the upper portion of the intake chamber. 4, this cooling air is introduced from the intake chamber 30A to the intercooler 34 and the radiator 35 so as to cool the engine intake air and the engine 21 body in the intercooler 34 and the radiator 35. The engine coolant is cooled by heat exchange with cooling air. Thus, by providing the engine-cooler partition wall 31, warm air on the engine chamber 20 side does not flow into the cooling air, and the cooling efficiency in the cooler unit 32 can be improved. The cooling air warmed by the heat exchange flows further downstream (the lower side in FIG. 3, the left side in FIG. 4), and the exhaust port 41 provided on the left side in the hydraulic shovel width direction of the engine unit 6 (see FIG. 1). It comes to be exhausted from.
[0020]
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 42 denotes a turbocharger. The turbocharger 42 increases the air density by compressing engine intake air purified by the air cleaner 22 by, for example, an exhaust turbine (not shown) provided therein. The engine 21 is supercharged. 43a is an intercooler pipe connecting the turbocharger 42 and the intercooler 34. The engine intake air compressed by the turbocharger 42 as described above is introduced into the intercooler 34 through the intercooler pipe 43a. . Also, 43b is a pipe connecting the intercooler 34 and the engine 21, and the engine intake air cooled by the intercooler 34 is introduced into the engine 21 through the intercooler pipe 43b.
[0021]
Reference numeral 44 denotes a radiator pipe that connects the radiator 35 and the engine 21 in a loop. Engine cooling water cooled by the radiator 35 is introduced into the engine 21 through the radiator pipe 44 and provided in the engine 21. The engine body is cooled through a cooling pipe (not shown). The engine cooling water warmed by exchanging heat with the engine 21 in this way is again introduced into the radiator 35 through the radiator pipe 44 and cooled.
[0022]
Returning to FIG. 3, 45 is an oil cooler chamber disposed on the front right side of the revolving structure 4 via the engine unit 6 and a passage 46. The oil cooler chamber 45 includes a hydraulic oil tank 47, an oil cooler 48, A plurality of (two in the present embodiment) oil cooler units 51 including a cooling fan 49 and a hydraulic motor 50 that drives the cooling fan 49, and a lubricator (greasing device) 52 are provided. That is, when the cooling fan 49 is driven by the hydraulic motor 50, the cooling air is supplied to the oil cooler 48. As a result, the oil cooler 48 cools the return oil from the plurality of hydraulic actuators by exchanging heat with the cooling air, and circulates it back to the hydraulic oil tank 47. The replicator 52 includes a movable range of a front device (not shown) (for example, a boom, an arm, a bucket, a boom hydraulic cylinder, an arm hydraulic cylinder, a bearing device connecting the bucket hydraulic cylinder, etc.), the swivel wheel 16 and the like. Lubricating oil is supplied. In the present embodiment, the oil cooler unit 51 and the cooler unit 32 having the intercooler 34 and the radiator 35 are separated from each other and arranged separately, so that the oil cooler 48 is completely different from the cooler unit 32. Outside air can be introduced in the system, and consideration is given to improving the cooling efficiency of the oil cooler 48. Thereby, hydraulic oil temperature falls and durability of hydraulic equipment is improved.
[0023]
Reference numeral 55 denotes a control valve device that is disposed at substantially the center of the revolving body 4 and controls the flow (flow rate and direction) of pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 26 to the hydraulic actuator.
[0024]
In the above, the engine unit 6 constitutes an engine chamber containing the engine described in the claims, and the intercooler 34 constitutes a first heat exchanger that cools the air sucked into the engine. The heat exchanger according to Item 6 is also configured, and the cooling fan 36 constitutes a first cooling fan that introduces cooling air into the first heat exchanger. The engine chamber 20 constitutes a first chamber in which an engine is accommodated, the cooler chamber 30 constitutes a second chamber in which a first heat exchanger and a first cooling fan are accommodated, and an engine-cooler partition wall 31. Constitutes a partition member that divides the engine chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The radiator 35 constitutes a second heat exchanger that cools the refrigerant for cooling the engine according to claim 3, and the oil cooler 48 is the third heat exchanger that cools the hydraulic oil according to claim 4. The cooling fan 49 constitutes a second cooling fan that introduces cooling air into the third heat exchanger.
[0025]
Next, the operation of the embodiment of the construction machine cooling apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration and the construction machine having the same will be described below.
When the four cooling fans 36 are driven by the hydraulic motors 37 provided respectively, the outside air around the large excavator 1 is sucked from the intake port cover 39 and passes through the intake port 40 provided in the upper part of the intake chamber 30A. It is introduced into the intake chamber 30A. The outside air introduced into the intake chamber 30A is sucked by the cooling fan 36, and is first introduced as cooling air into the intercooler 34. The engine intake air is cleaned by the air cleaner 22 and compressed by the turbocharger 42. Heat exchange to cool it. Thereafter, the cooling air is introduced into the radiator 35 and heat-exchanged with the engine cooling water to cool it. In this way, the cooling air warmed by heat exchange is pushed out by the cooling fan 36 and exhausted from the exhaust port 41 on the downstream side.
[0026]
The engine intake air cooled by the intercooler 34 is introduced into the engine 21 through the intercooler piping 43b.
[0027]
The engine cooling water cooled by the radiator 35 is introduced into the engine 21 through the radiator pipe 44, and heat is exchanged with the engine body through the cooling pipe provided in the engine 21 to cool it. Thereafter, the engine coolant heated by exchanging heat with the engine 21 is again introduced into the radiator 35 through the radiator pipe 44 and cooled.
[0028]
According to the embodiment of the present invention that performs the above-described configuration and operation, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the engine unit 20 and the cooler chamber 30 are partitioned by providing the engine-cooler partition wall 31 so that the engine unit 20 is not introduced without introducing air from the engine chamber 20 side. Only the outside air introduced from the outside through the intake port 40 is used as cooling air. Thereby, for example, compared with a structure such as a so-called extrusion cooling system in which cooling air is introduced from the engine chamber 20 side without providing the engine-cooler partition wall 31, only cool outside air is allowed to flow without flowing warm air in the engine chamber 20. Since it can introduce as cooling air, the cooling efficiency of the cooler unit 32 can be improved. At this time, in the present embodiment, the intercooler 34 is provided on the upstream side in the cooling air flow direction of the cooler unit 32, so that the cooler unit 32 is provided with only an oil cooler and a radiator as described above. In comparison, the cooling efficiency of the engine intake air by the intercooler 34 can be improved. Thereby, the temperature of the engine intake air can be further lowered, and the air density can be increased. As a result, the combustion efficiency of the engine 21 can be improved.
[0029]
Further, in the present embodiment, a radiator 35 is provided in the cooler unit 32. The radiator 35 is disposed downstream of the intercooler 34 in the cooling air flow direction. The radiator 35 is compared with the above-described conventional structure in which the oil cooler and the radiator are disposed in this order from the upstream side of the cooling air flow direction in the cooler unit 32. Since the positional conditions are substantially the same, it is possible to maintain substantially the same conditions without reducing the cooling efficiency of the radiator 35. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the effect of improving the combustion efficiency can be obtained without reducing the cooling efficiency of the engine 21 by the engine cooling water.
[0030]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the oil cooler unit 51 is separated from the cooler unit 32 having the intercooler 34 and the radiator 35 and is disposed separately. Thus, since the cool air outside the cooler unit 32 can be directly introduced into the oil cooler 48, the conventional structure in which the oil cooler and the radiator are arranged in this order from the upstream side in the cooling air flow direction in the cooler unit 32. Compared to the above, it is possible to maintain substantially the same conditions without reducing the cooling efficiency of the oil cooler 48. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving the combustion efficiency without reducing the cooling efficiency of the hydraulic oil. As a result, the hydraulic oil temperature can be prevented from rising and the durability of the hydraulic equipment of the large excavator 1 can be prevented from being lowered.
[0031]
In addition, according to the large-sized hydraulic excavator 1 provided with one embodiment of the cooling device of the present invention, the combustion efficiency of the engine 21 is improved as described above, so that the engine output can be increased. As a result, the engine horsepower can be increased.
[0032]
In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is applied to a large hydraulic excavator that is one of construction machines. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be applied to a large crane. In this case, the same effect as that of the embodiment of the present invention can be obtained.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the intake air temperature of the engine can be lowered by improving the cooling efficiency of the first heat exchanger. Thereby, since the density of the air sucked into the engine can be increased, the combustion efficiency of the engine can be improved. As a result, since the engine output can be increased, the engine horsepower of the construction machine can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a large hydraulic excavator provided with an embodiment of a cooling device for a construction machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view as seen from the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1 showing the overall structure of a large-sized hydraulic excavator provided with an embodiment of the cooling device for construction equipment according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an arrangement of various devices on a swing body of a large-sized hydraulic excavator provided with an embodiment of a cooling device for a construction machine according to the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, showing the internal structure of the engine unit of a large hydraulic excavator equipped with an embodiment of the cooling device for a construction machine of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Large excavator (Construction machinery)
3 traveling body 4 revolving body 6 engine unit (engine room)
20 Engine room (first room)
30 Cooler room (2nd room)
21 Engine 31 Engine-cooler partition (partition member)
34 Intercooler (first heat exchanger; heat exchanger)
35 Radiator (second heat exchanger)
36 Cooling fan (first cooling fan)
40 Air intake 48 Oil cooler (third heat exchanger)
49 Cooling fan (second cooling fan)

Claims (6)

In a cooling device for cooling a material to be cooled in a construction machine,
A first heat exchanger provided in an engine compartment containing the engine and cooling air taken into the engine;
A first cooling fan that is provided in the engine compartment and introduces cooling air into the first heat exchanger;
A partition member that divides the engine chamber into a first chamber in which the engine is accommodated and a second chamber in which the first heat exchanger and the first cooling fan are accommodated. Construction machine cooling system. 2. The cooling device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein an intake port for taking in outside air outside the engine room is provided in the second chamber. The second heat exchanger for cooling a refrigerant for cooling the engine is provided on the downstream side in the flow direction of the cooling air of the first heat exchanger in the second chamber. Equipment cooling equipment. The construction machine according to claim 3, further comprising a third heat exchanger that cools hydraulic oil outside the engine room and a second cooling fan that introduces cooling air into the third heat exchanger. Cooling system. The construction machine cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the construction machine includes a traveling body and a revolving body provided on the traveling body so as to be able to swivel. A traveling body,
A swivel body provided on the traveling body so as to be turnable;
The engine mounted on this swivel,
An engine compartment containing this engine,
A heat exchanger provided in the engine room for cooling air taken into the engine;
A cooling fan that is provided in the engine chamber and introduces cooling air into the heat exchanger;
A construction machine comprising: a partition member that divides the engine chamber into a first chamber in which the engine is accommodated and a second chamber in which the heat exchanger and the cooling fan are accommodated.

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