JP2005008662A - Method and apparatus for treating carbonized product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for treating a carbonized product to reduce the content of inorganic chlorine down to at most 0.1% in the carbonized product T formed by carbonization of a waste H. <P>SOLUTION: The treating method for the carbonized product for removing a chlorine component from the carbonized product T formed by carbonization of the waste H comprises a chlorine-removing step for removing the chlorine component from the carbonized product T by washing the carbonized product T with an acidic or alkaline solution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbide treatment method and apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, municipal waste such as paper and waste plastic, biomass industrial waste such as straw, wood chips, and waste pulp, and sludge generated by sewage treatment, etc., have been burned and treated as fuel. It has been proposed to use carbides generated by the treatment as fuel for power generation boilers and fuel for cement.
However, the carbides produced by the above-mentioned combustion treatment are present in the chlorine content (hereinafter referred to as organic chlorine content) present in high-molecular chlorine-based resins such as vinyl chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and the like. Chlorine (hereinafter referred to as inorganic chlorine) is contained, and cannot be used as it is as a fuel for power generation boilers or cement. In fact, most of the organic chlorine remains in the carbide because it is discharged as exhaust gas when the waste is burned, but the inorganic chlorine remains in the carbide as it is. .
Therefore, a method has been proposed for removing inorganic chlorine from the carbide by washing the carbide with water.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-283437 A
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the carbide is washed with water, the washing is performed so that the inorganic chlorine contained in the carbide is 0.5% or less. However, power generator boilers for business use (hereinafter referred to as business boilers) and the like are usually designed on the assumption that coal with an inorganic chlorine content of about 0.1% is used as fuel. For this reason, when a carbide containing, for example, about 0.3% inorganic chlorine is used as a fuel in such a business boiler, the chlorine content contained in the exhaust gas generated by combustion in the business boiler, Problems such as corrosion of commercial boilers occur.
Therefore, when using carbide as fuel for commercial boilers, it is necessary to treat the inorganic chlorine contained in the carbide to 0.1% or less, but it is difficult to wash with water as described above. Met.
Although it is conceivable to improve the corrosion resistance of commercial boilers for this problem, it is not practical due to cost problems, and the inorganic chlorine contained in the carbide is set to 0.1% or less. Realization of a processing method is desired.
[0005]
This invention is made | formed in view of the problem mentioned above, and aims at making the content rate of the inorganic type chlorine of the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by carbonizing a waste into 0.1% or less.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, as a first means related to a carbide treatment method, a carbide treatment method for removing chlorine from a carbide produced by carbonizing waste, A configuration is adopted in which a chlorine removal step for removing the chlorine content from the carbide is performed by washing with an acidic or alkaline solution.
[0007]
As a second means related to the carbide treatment method, a configuration is adopted in which, in the first means, the solution is nitric acid.
[0008]
As a third means related to the carbide treatment method, the first or second means adopts a configuration in which the carbide is washed by being immersed in the solution.
[0009]
As a fourth means related to the carbide treatment method, in any one of the first to third means, a configuration is adopted in which the solution is stirred in the chlorine removing step.
[0010]
As a fifth means related to the carbide treatment method, the first or second means adopts a configuration in which the carbide is cleaned by spraying the solution.
[0011]
As a sixth means related to the carbide treatment method, in the fifth means, a configuration is adopted in which the carbide is injected with the solution at a plurality of locations.
[0012]
As a seventh means related to the carbide treatment method, in any one of the first to sixth means, a configuration is adopted in which the carbide is pulverized in a stage prior to the chlorine removal step.
[0013]
As a first means related to a carbide treatment apparatus, a carbide treatment apparatus for removing chlorine from a carbide produced by carbonizing waste, wherein the carbide is washed with an acidic or alkaline solution, A configuration is adopted in which a cleaning device for removing chlorine from the carbide is provided.
[0014]
As a second means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, in the first means, the cleaning device is provided with a storage tank for storing the solution and cleaning the carbide in the inside thereof, and the solution is nitric acid. Adopt the configuration.
[0015]
As the third means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, in the first or second means, the cleaning apparatus includes a storage tank that stores the solution and cleans the carbide inside itself. .
[0016]
As a fourth means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, in the third means, the cleaning apparatus includes a stirring device that stirs the solution stored in the storage tank.
[0017]
As a fifth means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, in the first or second means, the cleaning device includes an injection device for cleaning the carbide by injecting the solution onto the carbide. Is adopted.
[0018]
As a sixth means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, in the fifth means, the injection device includes a plurality of injection nozzles for injecting the solution to the carbide at a plurality of locations.
[0019]
As a seventh means related to the carbide treatment apparatus, a configuration in which any one of the first to sixth means is provided with a pulverizer for pulverizing the carbide in the preceding stage of the cleaning device is adopted.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a carbide treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a waste treatment system including a carbide treatment device according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, this waste treatment system is roughly composed of carbide production apparatuses X1 and X2, a carbide treatment apparatus 1, a solution separator 2, a carbide drying apparatus Y, and a carbide combustion apparatus Z.
[0022]
The carbide T generated from the waste H by one or both of the carbide manufacturing apparatuses X1 and X2 is sent to the carbide processing apparatus 1 at the subsequent stage. The carbide treatment apparatus 1 agitates the inside of the storage tank 12, a pulverizer 11 that pulverizes the carbide T sent from the carbide manufacturing apparatuses X1 and X2, and a storage tank 12 that stores an acidic or alkaline solution. And a stirrer 13. In the first embodiment, the cleaning device according to the present invention includes a storage tank 12 and a stirring device 13.
[0023]
And the carbide | carbonized_material T refined | pulverized by the grinder 11 is immersed in the solution stored by the storage tank 12, is stirred for a predetermined time by the stirring apparatus 13 with the said solution, and is wash | cleaned, and the inorganic which self contained System chlorine is removed by a solution (chlorine removal step). As a result, the carbide T is converted into dechlorinated carbide K and discharged from the carbide treatment apparatus 1 as a mixture M with the solution.
Here, the reason why the carbide T is made into fine powder is to efficiently remove inorganic chlorine contained in the carbide T by increasing the surface area of the solution. As such an acidic or alkaline solution, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide and the like can be used.
[0024]
In general, the carbide T is formed by an organic material composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and the like, and an ash containing inorganic chlorine. Here, for example, when pure water is used as a solution, pure water can contact only a portion close to the surface of the carbide T and cannot remove inorganic chlorine contained in the ash. On the other hand, according to an acidic or alkaline solution, inorganic chlorine contained in the ash can be removed by dissolving and eroding the ash on the surface portion.
[0025]
As described above, the waste H contains organic chlorine in addition to inorganic chlorine. This organic chlorine is contained in waste H in almost the same amount as inorganic chlorine, but 80-90% of it is discarded as hydrogen chloride in the carbide T manufacturing process, that is, in the carbide manufacturing apparatuses X1 and X2. Exit from object H.
However, the remaining 10 to 20% of the organic chlorine remains in the carbide T. Such organic chlorine remaining in the carbide T cannot be removed by, for example, pure water, but can be removed by using an acidic or alkaline solution as the solution as in the present invention.
[0026]
Actually, the carbonized T (50 g) produced by carbonizing municipal waste (waste) is pulverized and stirred for 4 hours in the storage tank 12 in which nitric acid (750 g) is stored. Then, after the carbide T was dried for 24 hours, the amount of inorganic chlorine and organic chlorine contained in the carbide T was analyzed. As a result, the inorganic chlorine content of the carbide T was 2.27%, whereas the inorganic chlorine content of the dechlorinated carbide K was 0.01%. The organic chlorine content of the carbide T was 0.77%, whereas the organic chlorine content of the dechlorinated carbide K was 0.50%. During this experiment, nitric acid was appropriately added to the storage tank 12 so that the solution in the storage tank 12 always had a pH of 2.
When pure water was used instead of nitric acid under the same conditions, the inorganic chlorine content of dechlorinated carbide K was 0.36% and the organic chlorine content was 0.70%.
[0027]
As can be seen from this result, it was confirmed that by using nitric acid (acidic or alkaline solution), inorganic chlorine and organic chlorine were more reliably removed than when pure water was used as the solution. .
[0028]
The mixture M of dechlorinated carbide K, which is the carbide T from which the chlorine content has been removed, and the solution is discharged from the carbonization treatment apparatus 1 and sent to the solution separation apparatus 2. In addition, as an aspect which sends the mixture M to the solution separator 2, the batch type which sends a part or all in the storage tank 12 to the solution separator 2 collectively, and a solution and carbide | carbonized_material T continuously to the storage tank 12, and Any of the continuous systems in which the mixture M is continuously fed to the solution separation apparatus 2 while being charged. The solution separation device 2 separates the mixture M from the solution and the dechlorinated carbide K. For example, a filter press or the like is used. However, the solution separator 2 is not limited to a filter press, and for example, a centrifuge may be used.
[0029]
Then, the solution separated from the dechlorinated carbide K by the solution separator 2 is returned again to the storage tank 12 of the carbide treatment device 1 via the circulation path 6. At this time, a sensor 7 is installed in the middle of the circulation path 6 to detect the salt concentration (chlorine content) of the solution, and when the salt concentration is below a predetermined value, the solution is returned to the storage tank 12 as it is, and the salt concentration is a predetermined value. Is exceeded, the data is sent to the separation processing device 8.
[0030]
However, the handling of the solution separated by the solution separation apparatus 2 is arbitrary. For example, without using the sensor 7 to monitor the salt concentration, in the batch processing described above, for example, after 50 to 200 times of use, in the continuous processing, After a predetermined time has elapsed, the solution may be sent to the separation processing device 8 and a new solution may be supplied to the storage tank 12. Further, the solution separated by the solution separation device 2 may be always sent to the separation processing device 8 without providing the circulation path 6. In addition, the separation processing apparatus 8 can use the type which takes out the salt which melt | dissolved by evaporating a solution.
[0031]
Further, after the dechlorinated carbide K is dried by the carbide drying device Y, the dechlorinated carbide K is temporarily stored, for example, in the hopper 9 or the like, and then burned by the carbide combustion device Z as appropriate. Since the inorganic chlorine content of the dechlorinated carbide K is 0.1% or less, the dechlorinated carbide K can be burned without corroding the carbide combustion device Z or the like.
[0032]
Next, the carbide manufacturing apparatuses X1 and X2, the carbide drying apparatus Y, and the carbide combustion apparatus Z shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the carbide manufacturing apparatus X1, in which solid arrows indicate a solid flow and dotted arrows indicate a gas flow. As shown in FIG. 2, the waste H is first thrown into the crusher 20 and crushed. In this case, the waste H is crushed to, for example, 150 mm or less in order to improve the heat exchange rate in the pyrolysis furnace 22 described later. Then, the crushed waste H is put into the dryer 21 and efficiently dried (moisture removed), and then sent to the pyrolysis furnace 22.
[0033]
Normally, it is considered that the waste H contains about 30% to 60% of moisture, and the dryer 21 removes the moisture from the waste H in a short time in order to prevent a decrease in thermal decomposition efficiency due to moisture. It is preferable to do. However, if the waste H having a relatively low water content is to be treated, it can be naturally dried or put into the pyrolysis furnace 22 as it is, and the waste H crushed in the carbide manufacturing apparatus X1 is dried in the dryer 21. Whether or not to dry by is arbitrary.
[0034]
For example, an externally heated rotary kiln is used as the pyrolysis furnace 22. This externally heated rotary kiln is composed of an outer cylinder that is rotatably supported and an inner cylinder that is installed in the outer cylinder with a predetermined gap, and the inside of the inner cylinder is in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient atmosphere. In the set state, the combustion gas is supplied into the aforementioned gap to indirectly heat the waste H put into the inner cylinder. At this time, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are rotated at a predetermined speed, and the waste H in the inner cylinder rolls in the inner cylinder while being heated by this rotation, so that heating unevenness is avoided, Furthermore, it is further crushed by the impact of rolling.
[0035]
The pyrolysis furnace 22 is not limited to the external heating rotary kiln, and various types of furnaces that can heat the waste H in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient atmosphere can be applied. For example, a predetermined amount of waste using a so-called continuous processing type such as a type in which a plurality of pipes are arranged in the inner space of the cylindrical body and the inside of the cylindrical body is heated by flowing combustion gas therethrough, or a combustion furnace What is called a batch type which heats one by one may be used.
[0036]
The waste H is thermally decomposed into combustible pyrolysis gas S and carbide T by being heated in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient atmosphere. In the waste H, it has been described above that organic chlorine such as vinyl chloride and inorganic chlorine such as sodium chloride are present in a ratio of approximately half. And 80 to 90% of the organic chlorine is contained in the pyrolysis gas S as hydrogen chloride, while the inorganic chlorine remains in the carbide T without being decomposed even after the heat treatment. ing.
[0037]
The carbide T discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22 is sent to the sorting device 23 to remove incombustibles and then sent to the storage tank W to be stored. The sorting device 23 removes incombustibles such as aluminum cans, iron cans, rubble, and metal wires mixed in the waste H from the carbide T. As a configuration of the sorting device 23, for example, carbide T is supplied onto a sorting portion having a predetermined gap, and the carbide T carbonized by thermal decomposition is dropped downward from the gap, while an incombustible material such as an aluminum can is placed on the gap. The thing of the structure made to store is employ | adopted. Further, the sorting device 23 can sort the removed incombustible material for each valuable metal. However, if it is clear that there is no incombustible material in the waste H, the sorting device 23 is not necessarily required.
[0038]
The pyrolysis gas S discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22 is sent to the gas processing device 24. The gas processing device 24 includes a dust collector (for example, a cyclone) for removing the fine powdered carbide T1 mixed in the pyrolysis gas S. Further, as the gas processing device 24, a function of separating and removing the pyrolysis gas S and its oil component can be added. The separated oil component is used as various fuels such as a burner.
[0039]
The gas treatment device 24 has a buffer role to alleviate the influence of the downstream device due to the quality variation of the waste H, and after separating the finely divided carbide T mixed in the pyrolysis gas S, the pyrolysis gas S. Therefore, the influence of the carbide T on the combustion of the pyrolysis gas S can be avoided. Further, the carbide T1 taken out by the gas treatment device 24 is substantially the same as the carbide T, and the carbide T generated in the pyrolysis furnace 22 is efficiently obtained by joining the carbide T from the sorting device 23. It can be taken out. However, the installation of the gas treatment device 24 is arbitrary, and is not necessarily required if the downstream combustion device 25 can tolerate the mixing of the fine powdered carbide T1 and the quality variation of the waste H.
[0040]
The pyrolysis gas S processed by the gas processing device 24 is sent to the combustion device 25 and burned to generate combustion gas (hot air). The combustion device 25 burns the pyrolysis gas S with a burner to generate combustion gas G, and this combustion gas G is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 22 and becomes a heat source for heating the waste H. . The combustion gas G other than the amount necessary for the heat source of the pyrolysis furnace 22 is not sent to the pyrolysis furnace 22 as surplus gas I, but is merged with the combustion gas G discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22. The combustion gas G merged with the surplus gas I is used as a heat source for the dryer 21 and the carbide drying device Y. Thereby, the heat source of apparatuses, such as carbide drying apparatus Y, becomes unnecessary, and the cost of a system can be reduced. However, the combustion gas G may be sent to the downstream chlorine removing device 26 without being used as a heat source for the dryer 21 or the carbide drying device Y.
[0041]
Further, since the organic chlorine of the pyrolysis gas S is converted into hydrogen chloride after combustion and contained in the combustion gas G, if the combustion gas G is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 22, the pyrolysis furnace 22 is not corroded. Cause. Therefore, a heat exchanger may be installed on the downstream side of the combustion device 25, the heat exchange between the combustion gas G and air, for example, may be performed by the heat exchanger, and the heated air may be supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 22. Thereby, the pyrolysis furnace 22 can be prevented from being affected by chlorine. Note that the air discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22 is released to the atmosphere.
[0042]
However, the heat exchange target with the combustion gas G is not limited to air, and for example, a fluid such as oil may be used. In this case, the oil heated by the heat exchanger is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 22, and the oil discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22 is sent to the heat exchanger and again exchanges heat with the combustion gas G for pyrolysis. A fluid circulation path such as being sent to the furnace 22 may be formed.
[0043]
The combustion gas G and surplus gas I discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 22 are sent to the chlorine removing device 26. Combustion gas G and surplus gas I (hereinafter referred to as combustion gas G etc.) contain 80 to 90% of organic chlorine, and cannot be released to the atmosphere as they are. The chlorine removing device 26 includes a slaked lime charging device 27, a dust collector 28 such as a cyclone, a gas cooling tower (not shown), and the like. Calcium chloride is collected and collected by the downstream dust collector 28 to remove chlorine from the combustion gas G and the like.
[0044]
However, the chlorine removing device 26 is not limited to this, and various devices that can remove chlorine from the combustion gas G and the like are applied. The combustion gas G from which the chlorine content has been removed by the chlorine removing device 26 is processed by the denitration device 29 or the like so as to comply with exhaust gas regulations and the like, and then released into the atmosphere. In addition, when the gas treatment device 44 provided in the carbide drying device Y and the exhaust gas treatment device 51 provided in the carbide combustion device Z described later have a dechlorination function, the combustion gas G or the like is directly removed from the gas treatment device 44 or the exhaust gas treatment. It may be sent to the device 51 where chlorine is removed and then released to the atmosphere. This eliminates the need for the chlorine removal device 26, simplifies the system, and reduces costs.
[0045]
Note that the organic chlorine contained in the pyrolysis gas S may be removed, and the pyrolysis gas S from which the organic chlorine has been removed may be used as a heat source for the business boiler 50 provided in the carbide combustion device Z. Thus, the cost can be reduced by using the pyrolysis gas S as a heat source for the business boiler 50.
[0046]
Then, the carbide T (including the carbide T1) manufactured by the carbide manufacturing apparatus X1 shown in FIG. 2 is taken out from the storage tank W by a predetermined amount and sent to the carbon processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
[0047]
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the carbide manufacturing apparatus X2, in which solid line arrows represent solids flow and dotted line arrows represent gas flow. The waste H is put into the crusher 20 similarly to the carbide manufacturing apparatus X1 shown in FIG. 2, and is crushed to, for example, 150 mm or less in order to improve the heat exchange rate in the gasification furnace 33 described later. The crushed waste H is sent to the gasification furnace 33 after being dried by the dryer 21. However, in the type using a fluidized bed as the gas furnace 33 as will be described later, moisture can be readily evaporated with respect to the waste H that has been charged, so that when the waste H is dried in advance, it is gasified so much. Efficiency improvement cannot be expected. Therefore, whether or not the crushed waste H is dried by the dryer 21 is arbitrary.
[0048]
As the gasification furnace 33, a type using a fluidized bed is used. This is because the bed material such as sand is made to flow by the air from the air dispersion plate in the furnace body to form a fluidized bed, and the waste H is introduced into the fluidized fluidized bed to make it flow together with the bed material while dispersing the air. It burns with air sent from the plate. And as an air supply amount to the furnace body, for example, the air ratio is about 0.3 to 0.5 (normal combustion is about 1.7 to 1.8), the waste H is partially burned (incomplete combustion), A combustible gasification gas B such as carbon monoxide and a carbide T are generated. In addition, since this gasification furnace 33 is heating the fluidized bed continuously with the heat | fever which the waste H partially burns, a heat source is unnecessary. Further, the gasification furnace 33 is not limited to a type using a fluidized bed, and various combustion furnaces capable of partially burning the waste H can be applied.
[0049]
The gasification furnace 33 discharges the gasification gas B while generating the gasification gas B and the carbide T. At this time, the carbide T is further crushed into a fine powder by flowing together with the bed material, and the fine powder T is discharged together with the gasification gas B in a state of being mixed in the flow of the gasification gas B. . The gasified gas B contains about 90% of the organic chlorine contained in the waste H as hydrogen chloride, and the remaining organic chlorine and inorganic chlorine are not decomposed even after partial combustion. It remains in the carbide T. Further, incombustible materials such as aluminum cans mixed in the waste H are put into the gasification furnace 33 as they are, stay while flowing together with the fluidized bed, and are discharged from the furnace body as the bed material is discharged.
[0050]
The gasification gas B discharged from the gasification furnace 33 is sent to the separation device 34. The separation device 34 separates the finely divided carbide T mixed in the gasification gas B with a dust collector such as a cyclone. The carbide T separated by the separation device 34 is sent to the storage tank W and stored. As the separation device 34, a function of separating and removing oil components from the gasified gas B can be added. The separated oil component is used as various fuels such as a burner.
[0051]
The gasified gas B having passed through the separator 34 is sent to a combustion furnace 35 equipped with a burner or the like and burned to generate combustion gas (hot air) G. The combustion gas G can be used as a heat source for the dryer 21, the carbide drying device Y, and the like, thereby reducing the cost of the system. However, instead of using the combustion gas G as a heat source for the carbide drying device Y or the like, it may be sent to the downstream chlorine removal device 36 via a bypass. The gasification furnace 33 does not require a heat source, but may be used as a heat source for supplying the combustion gas G to the gasification furnace 33 and heating the fluidized bed.
[0052]
The combustion gas G is sent to a chlorine removal device 36 equipped with a slaked lime charging device 37, a dust collector 38 such as a cyclone, a gas cooling tower (not shown), and the like. The chlorine removing device 36 adds slaked lime to the combustion gas G by the slaked lime charging device 37 to change the chlorine content to calcium chloride, and collects this by the downstream dust collector 38 to remove the chlorine content from the combustion gas G. However, the chlorine removing device 36 is not limited to this, and various devices that can remove chlorine from the combustion gas G are applied. The combustion gas G from which the chlorine content has been removed is discharged into the atmosphere after being treated by the denitration device 39 or the like so as to comply with exhaust gas regulations and the like.
[0053]
Note that the organic chlorine contained in the gasification gas B may be removed, and the gasification gas B from which the organic chlorine has been removed may be used as a heat source for the commercial boiler 50 provided in the carbide combustion device Z. Thus, cost can be reduced by using the gasification gas B as a heat source of the business boiler 50.
[0054]
And the carbide | carbonized_material T manufactured with the carbide | carbonized_material manufacturing apparatus X2 shown in FIG. 3 is taken out for every predetermined amount from the storage tank W, and is sent to the carbon processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
[0055]
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of the carbide drying apparatus Y, where solid arrows indicate a solid flow, and dotted arrows indicate a gas flow. As shown in this figure, the dechlorinated carbide K discharged from the carbon processing apparatus 1 is temporarily stored in the hopper 40 and then fed into the crusher 41 by being pumped by a predetermined amount of hot air. As this hot air, the combustion gas G etc. can be utilized as mentioned above.
[0056]
The dechlorinated product K is further pulverized by the crusher 41 and then further pumped to the cyclone 42 by hot air. However, when the dechlorinated carbide K discharged from the carbide treatment device 1 is sufficiently finely powdered, the crusher 41 is not necessarily installed.
[0057]
In this way, the dechlorinated carbide K that has been pumped to the cyclone 42 by hot air is evaporated and dried by the hot air heat in the pumping process. The hot air and dechlorinated carbide K are separated by the cyclone 42. The hot air separated in the cyclone 42 removes the fine particles of dechlorinated carbide K remaining on itself through the dust collector 43, and then removes the toxic gas generated by the evaporation of the solution. Through the atmosphere. As the gas processing device 44, when nitric acid is used as a solution, a denitration device that removes NOx contained in hot air is used. When nitric acid is used as a solution, SOx contained in hot air is removed. A desulfurization apparatus is used. However, depending on the solution, no toxic gas is contained in the hot air. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the gas processing device 44.
[0058]
Further, the dechlorinated carbide K separated by the cyclone 42 and the fine particles of the dechlorinated carbide K collected by the dust collector 43 are introduced into the hopper 9 and stored therein, for example. In the case where the dechlorinated carbide K and the fine particles of the dechlorinated carbide K cannot be completely dried only by being pumped once to hot air, as shown in the figure, the dechlorinated carbide K and the collected particles separated by the cyclone 42 are collected. Fine particles of dechlorinated carbide K collected by the duster 43 may be pumped again with hot air.
[0059]
The dechlorinated carbide K (including fine particles of the dechlorinated carbide K) stored in the hopper 9 or the like in this manner is appropriately charged into the carbide combustion device Z.
[0060]
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the carbide combustion apparatus Z. The solid line arrows represent the flow of solid matter, and the dotted line arrows represent the flow of gas. The carbide combustion device Z is a so-called thermal power generation device, and is roughly configured by a coal-fired business boiler 50 and an exhaust gas treatment device 51. The business boiler 50 includes, for example, a pulverized coal fired boiler, a stoker fired boiler, a fluidized bed boiler, etc., all of which use coal as fuel.
[0061]
The pulverized coal fired boiler adopts a method in which pulverized coal is blown from the burner into the furnace by primary air and floats and burns. The combustion gas stays longer and the unburned content is low, and the combustion efficiency is high. Can be realized.
The stalker boiler adopts a system that spreads coal on the grate with a spreader, and it is easy to ignite by spreading new coal thinly and widely on coal that is burning while drying while floating. Relatively stable combustion with coal that burns and is difficult to ignite is obtained.
The fluidized bed boiler forms the fluidized bed by causing the sand (bed material) heated by the air sent from the air spreader installed in the lower part of the combustion furnace to flow in the furnace, and the fuel injected into the fluidized bed Is used to instantly dry and ignite, and can be burned efficiently by bed material flow and long residence time, and all types of coal including low-grade coal can be burned.
[0062]
These business boilers 50 rotate a steam turbine (not shown) with steam generated by combustion, and perform power generation with a generator (not shown) connected to the steam turbine. The exhaust gas discharged from the business boiler 50 is processed by the exhaust gas processing device 51 and then released to the atmosphere. The exhaust gas treatment device 51 includes, for example, a gas cooling tower, a dust collector such as a cyclone, a denitration device that employs a dry ammonia catalytic reduction method, a desulfurization device that employs a high-temperature dry or wet limestone gypsum method, and the like. Various kinds of dust (coal ash) separated by the exhaust gas treatment device 51 are reused.
[0063]
And the dechlorinated carbide | carbonized_material K produced | generated by the series of processes shown in FIG. 1 is mixed with the coal C, and the dechlorinated carbide | carbonized_material K is combusted and processed by the business boiler 50 similarly to the coal C. At this time, the dechlorinated carbide K is sufficiently removed of organic chlorine by the treatment shown in FIG. 1, and the content of inorganic chlorine relative to the dechlorinated carbide K is 0.1% or less. Corrosion of the boiler 50 and the like is prevented.
[0064]
According to the carbide treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment as described above, the content of inorganic chlorine contained in the dechlorinated carbide K is reduced to 0. 0 by washing the carbide T with an acidic or alkaline solution. Since it can be set to 1% or less, it becomes possible to prevent corrosion of the business boiler 50 and the like.
[0065]
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the carbide treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different portions from the first embodiment will be described. The portion different from the first embodiment has functions of both the carbide treatment device 1 and the solution separation device 2 instead of the carbide treatment device 1 and the solution separation device 2 of the waste treatment system in FIG. This is the part where the carbonization processing device 60 is installed.
[0066]
FIG. 6 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of the carbide treatment apparatus 60 according to the second embodiment. As shown in this figure, the carbide treatment device 60 includes a belt conveyor 61 that conveys the carbide T discharged from the carbide production devices X1 and X2 or the pulverizer 3 from the left side to the right side of the paper, and an acidic or alkaline solution. A storage tank 62 for storage and an injection device 63 for cleaning the carbide T by injecting the solution stored in the storage tank 62 onto the carbide T from above the belt conveyor 61 are provided. In the second embodiment, the cleaning device according to the present invention includes a storage tank 62 and an injection device 63.
[0067]
The belt portion of the belt conveyor 61 is formed of a filter cloth that allows the solution sprayed from above to pass therethrough. The carbide T is cleaned and becomes dechlorinated carbide K by spraying the solution from the spray device 63 in the process of being conveyed to the belt conveyor 61.
[0068]
The ejection device 63 includes an ejection nozzle 63 a disposed on the upstream side of the belt conveyor 61 and an ejection nozzle 63 b disposed on the downstream side.
The ejection nozzle 63 a is connected to a pump 63 c that discharges a predetermined amount of solution from the storage tank 62. Below the jet nozzle 63a and the belt conveyor 61, a suction device 63d for separating the carbide T (dechlorinated carbide K) and the solution by sucking the solution is disposed, and the suction device 63d includes the suction device 63d. It is connected to a tank 63e for storing the solution sucked in 63d.
The ejection nozzle 63b is connected to a pump 63f that discharges the solution stored in the tank 63e. A suction device 63g is disposed below the ejection nozzle 63b and the belt conveyor 61. The suction device 63g is connected to a tank 63h that stores the solution sucked in the suction device 63g. In the tank 63h, a predetermined amount of the solution stored in the tank 63h is mixed with the carbide T in the preceding stage from the belt conveyor 61, and the remaining solution is discharged as waste water to the circulation path 6 shown in the first embodiment. For this purpose, a pump 63i is connected. In addition, a suction device 63j is further disposed below the belt conveyor 61 in front of the ejection nozzle 63b. The suction device 63j is connected to a tank 63k that stores the solution sucked in the suction device 63j. The tank 63k is connected to a pump 63l for discharging the solution stored in the tank 63k to the circulation path 6.
[0069]
In the carbide treatment device 60 configured as described above, the acidic or alkaline solution stored in the storage tank 62 is first sprayed from the spray nozzle 63a toward the carbide T on the belt conveyor 61 via the pump 63c. Then, after removing inorganic chlorine and organic chlorine contained in the carbide T, the solution is directed again toward the carbide T on the belt conveyor 61 from the injection nozzle 63b via the suction device 63d, the tank 63e, and the pump 63f. Is injected. Thereafter, a predetermined amount of the solution is mixed with the carbide T in the preceding stage from the belt conveyor 61 via the suction device 63g, the tank 63h, and the pump 63i, and the remaining is discharged as waste water to the circulation path 6. The solution mixed with the carbide T is discharged onto the belt conveyor 61 together with the carbide T and sucked by the suction device 63j. Then, the solution is discharged to the circulation path 6 by being combined with the waste water through the tank 63k and the pump 63l.
[0070]
And the carbide | carbonized_material T is wash | cleaned with the solution in multiple places in the above-mentioned process, and is set as the dechlorinated carbide | carbonized_material K. Thereafter, the dechlorinated carbide K is discharged from the downstream side of the belt conveyor 61 and is put into the hopper 40 shown in the first embodiment.
[0071]
According to the carbide treatment method by the carbide treatment apparatus 60 according to the second embodiment as described above, the same effect as the carbide treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment can be obtained, and the solution can be applied to the carbide T at a plurality of locations. Therefore, the content of inorganic chlorine contained in the carbide T can be reduced to 0.1% or less in a short time. The reason why the spray nozzle 63a is disposed on the upstream side of the belt conveyor 61 and the spray nozzle 63b is disposed on the downstream side is that the solution finally sprayed onto the carbide T is in a state with the highest purity. Thereby, inorganic chlorine and organic chlorine contained in the solution adhering to the dechlorinated carbide K can be minimized.
[0072]
Further, according to the carbide treatment device 60 according to the second embodiment, the solution separation device 2 shown in the first embodiment needs to be provided in order to separate the solution and the dechlorinated carbide K in the device. Disappears.
[0073]
The preferred embodiments of the waste treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0074]
For example, in the first and second embodiments, the carbonization treatment apparatus includes the carbide drying apparatus Y for drying the dechlorinated carbide K. However, when the dechlorinated carbide K discharged from the solution separator 2 or the belt conveyor 61 is already in a sufficiently dry state, the carbide drying device Y may not be provided.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a carbide treatment method for removing chlorine from a carbide produced by carbonizing waste, wherein the carbide is washed with an acidic or alkaline solution, Since it has the chlorine removal process which removes the said chlorine content from the said carbide | carbonized_material, it becomes possible to make the content rate of the inorganic type chlorine of the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated by carbonizing a waste material into 0.1% or less.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a waste treatment system including a carbide treatment apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a carbide manufacturing apparatus X1.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a carbide manufacturing apparatus X2.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a carbide drying apparatus Y.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a carbide combustion device Z.
FIG. 6 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a carbide treatment apparatus 60 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,60 ... Carbide processing equipment
11 …… Crusher
12 …… Storage tank
13. Stirring device
2. Solution separator
63 …… Injection device
63a, 63b ... injection nozzle
H …… Waste
K …… Dechlorinated carbide
T …… Carbide
X1, X2 ... Carbide manufacturing equipment
Y …… Carbide dryer
Z …… Carbide combustion equipment

Claims (14)

A carbide treatment method for removing chlorine from a carbide produced by carbonizing waste,
A carbide treatment method comprising a chlorine removal step of removing the chlorine content from the carbide by washing the carbide with an acidic or alkaline solution. The carbide treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the solution is nitric acid. The carbide treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the carbide is washed by being immersed in the solution. The carbide treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the solution is stirred in the chlorine removal step. The carbide treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the carbide is cleaned by spraying the solution. The carbide treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the carbide is sprayed on the solution at a plurality of locations. The carbide treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the carbide is pulverized before the chlorine removal step. A carbide treatment device for removing chlorine from carbides produced by carbonizing waste,
A carbide processing apparatus comprising a cleaning device that removes chlorine from the carbide by cleaning the carbide with an acidic or alkaline solution. The carbide treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the solution is nitric acid. The carbide processing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the cleaning apparatus includes a storage tank that stores the solution and cleans the carbide in itself. The carbide treatment apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the cleaning device includes a stirring device that stirs the solution stored in the storage tank. The carbide processing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the cleaning device includes an injection device that cleans the carbide by injecting the solution onto the carbide. The carbide treatment apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the injection device includes a plurality of injection nozzles for injecting the solution to the carbide at a plurality of locations. The carbide processing apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a pulverizer that pulverizes the carbide in a front stage of the cleaning apparatus.

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