JP2004359548A - Acyclovir-containing aqueous solution pharmaceutical preparation - Google Patents

Acyclovir-containing aqueous solution pharmaceutical preparation Download PDF

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JP2004359548A
JP2004359548A JP2003156180A JP2003156180A JP2004359548A JP 2004359548 A JP2004359548 A JP 2004359548A JP 2003156180 A JP2003156180 A JP 2003156180A JP 2003156180 A JP2003156180 A JP 2003156180A JP 2004359548 A JP2004359548 A JP 2004359548A
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Prior art keywords
acyclovir
aqueous solution
solution
added
preparation
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JP2003156180A
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JP4512700B2 (en
Inventor
Isatake Segawa
功毅 瀬川
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Toa Eiyo Ltd
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Toa Eiyo Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an acyclovir-containing aqueous solution pharmaceutical preparation having pH at about neutrality and excellent preservation stability in a cold place. <P>SOLUTION: The aqueous solution pharmaceutical preparation contains the acyclovir which is a chemical name of [9-(2-hydroxyethoxy)methylguanine] and an organic amine and has pH6-8. In an eye drop for treating keratitis with herpes simplex virus, the organic amine is especially monoethanolamine. Furthermore, one or more kinds selected from creatinine and nicotinamide are contained as dissolution adjuvants. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、中性付近のpHを有し、冷所での保存安定性に優れたアシクロビル含有水溶液製剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
[化学名:9−[(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)メチル]グアニン](以下、アシクロビルという)は、プリン骨格を有する抗ウイルス薬であり、単純ヘルペスウイルス、帯状疱疹ウイルス等に起因するウイルス感染症の治療剤として有効な薬物である。特に、これらヘルペス群ウイルスにのみ選択的に作用し、正常細胞への傷害性が低いことから臨床的に広く用いられている。
【0003】
現在臨床的に使用されているアシクロビル製剤の形態としては、アシクロビルを懸濁させた眼軟膏剤、凍結乾燥注射剤、強アルカリ性の水性注射剤、錠剤、顆粒剤、ゼリー剤として供給されているが、点眼液として応用可能な中性付近のpHを有する水溶液製剤は存在していないのが現状である。
【0004】
現在、単純ヘルペス性角膜炎治療のために、アシクロビルの眼軟膏剤が第一選択薬として用いられている。しかし、眼軟膏剤は患者にとって違和感や不快感を生じやすく、また患者自身による眼への軟膏の塗布は抵抗感もあり困難である。このため眼軟膏剤に代わる優れた水性点眼液が、医療現場で望まれている。
【0005】
しかしながら、アシクロビルは強酸性及び強アルカリ性の溶液に対しては可溶であるものの、中性付近の溶液には極めて難溶性であり、加温して溶解させたとしても短時間のうちに結晶が析出することから、長期安定性を有する水溶液の開発は困難なものとされてきた。
【0006】
一般的な薬物の可溶化の方法としては、▲1▼水溶液を酸性又はアルカリ性に調製する方法、▲2▼薬効に影響を及ぼさない軽微な化学構造変換として親水性基を付加する方法、▲3▼溶解補助剤や界面活性剤などの添加物を加える方法等が挙げられる。
アシクロビルの水溶液製剤については、これまでにいくつかの検討が行われており、例えば上記▲1▼に関連し安定化剤として、芳香族カルボン酸、脂肪族カルボン酸、オキシカルボン酸、キレート剤及びそれらのアルカリ金属塩を配合させる処方が知られている(特許文献1参照)。しかし、強酸性又は強アルカリ性の溶液は眼粘膜の刺激性が強いため点眼液としては好ましくなく、上記処方による水溶液のpHは10〜13であることから、水性点眼液には応用できない。
【0007】
また、上記▲2▼の軽微な構造変換としては、例えばモノホスフェート体等が知られている(特許文献2参照)が、新規薬効成分として効果や安全性を確認するための試験や誘導体化のための付加的な装置、設備等を要し、これに多大な費用、期間を必要とするため、現実的ではない。
【0008】
上記▲3▼の添加物を加える方法としては、溶解補助剤としてポリビニルピロリドンを配合する方法、溶解補助剤としてホウ酸とポリビニルアルコール、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルセルロース又はヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースから選択される少なくとも1種を加える方法等(特許文献3、4参照)が知られている。しかしながら、これらの溶解補助剤を添加したアシクロビルの水溶液製剤は、冷蔵庫内で保存した場合にアシクロビルの結晶が析出し、北海道、東北、北陸等の寒冷地の冬季における流通を考慮した場合、保存安定性に問題があることが知られている。
【0009】
冷所における保存安定性に優れたアシクロビル水溶液製剤に関して、溶解補助剤としてニコチン酸アミド、L−アルギニン又は塩化マグネシウムを配合させた製剤が提案されている(特許文献5参照)。しかしながら、本発明者等が追試した結果、上記処方による製剤は冷所における保存安定性において充分な性能を有さず、特に保存剤の添加など実際の製品製造を考慮して製剤化検討を行った場合に、低温で結晶が析出するなど問題があることが明らかとなった。
【0010】
以上のように、寒冷地における流通の観点から充分な低温保存安定性を有し、かつ水性点眼液等として臨床使用可能なアシクロビル含有水溶液製剤は実用化に至っていないのが現状である。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特開平7−247216号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭53−108999号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平8−268892号公報
【特許文献4】
国際公開第98/43643号パンフレット
【特許文献5】
特開2000−212088号公報
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明は中性付近のpHにおいて、冷所における保存安定性に優れたアシクロビル含有水溶液製剤を提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、アシクロビルの結晶析出を抑制させる溶解補助剤について鋭意検討した結果、有機アミン、特に低級アルカノールアミンが、中性付近のpHに調整したアシクロビル水溶液において、冷所における保存安定性を向上させることを見出した。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明はアシクロビル及び有機アミンを含有し、pHが6〜8であることを特徴とする水溶液製剤を提供するものである。
【0015】
【発明の実施の実態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明に使用する有機アミンとしては低級アルカノールアミン、スルホアルキルピペラジン、スルホアルキルアルキレンアミンが挙げられ、低級アルカノールアミンが好ましい。低級アルカノールアミンとしては、炭素数1〜5のアルカノールアミン、例えばモノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、トリイソプロパノールアミン等のモノ、ジ又はトリ低級アルカノールアミンが挙げられるが、中でもモノ低級アルカノールアミン、特にモノエタノールアミンが好ましい。
【0016】
有機アミンの添加量は適宜選択できるが、アシクロビルの溶解性の点から、0.1〜10.0%W/Vが好ましく、1.0〜5.0%W/Vがより好ましい。有機アミンの添加は、保存時にアシクロビルの結晶析出を抑制させる効果だけでなく、pH6〜8の水溶液製剤の調製時において、加温することなくアシクロビルを短時間で容易に溶解しうる点でも有利である。
【0017】
本発明の水溶液製剤のpHは、点眼剤とした場合の眼粘膜への刺激性の観点、さらには注射剤とした場合の疼痛防止の観点から6〜8、特に7〜8、さらに7.5〜8.0とするのが好ましい。当該pHに調整するには、pH調整剤、例えばホウ酸、ホウ砂、塩酸、水酸化ナトリウム、リン酸、硫酸、クエン酸、クエン酸ナトリウム等が使用できる。
【0018】
本発明の水溶液製剤中のアシクロビル濃度としては、0.001〜2.0%W/Vが好ましく、0.01〜0.5%W/Vがより好ましい。特に、水性点眼液においては、アシクロビルの角膜ヘルペスウイルスに対するeffective dose 50%(ED50)値が0.3μg/mL程度であることを考慮し、0.05〜0.2%W/Vとするのが好ましい。
【0019】
本発明の水溶液製剤は前記有機アミンに加え、他の溶解補助剤1種又は2種以上を添加することができる。有機アミンに加え添加する他の溶解補助剤としては、通常知られる溶解補助剤を使用しうるが、クレアチニン及びニコチン酸アミドが特に好ましい。クレアチニンを添加する場合、添加量としては0.1〜10.0%W/Vが好ましく、1.0〜5.0%W/Vが特に好ましい。ニコチン酸アミドを添加する場合、添加量としては0.1〜10.0%W/Vが好ましく、1.0〜5.0%W/Vが特に好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の水溶液製剤は、用途に応じ所望の形態、すなわち水性点眼液、水性注射剤、内服液剤、外用液剤、点鼻剤等とすることができる。
【0021】
また、本発明の水溶液製剤には、必要に応じ、等張化剤、保存剤、その他の賦形剤等を添加できる。等張化剤としては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、グリセリン、d−ソルビトール、d−マンニトール、キシリトール、プロピレングリコール等を挙げることができる。なお、点眼剤の場合は眼粘膜への刺激性の観点から、浸透圧比は1.0〜2.0の範囲内であることが好ましい。
【0022】
保存剤としては、中性付近の溶液において保存効力を発揮しうるパラオキシ安息香酸メチル、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル、パラオキシ安息香酸プロピル等のパラベン類、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム等の四級アンモニウム塩類等が好ましく、特にパラベン類が好ましい。
【0023】
その他の賦形剤としては、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム等の亜硫酸塩化合物、エデト酸ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、界面活性剤等が使用できる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び試験例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0025】

Figure 2004359548
【0026】
アシクロビル500mg、モノエタノールアミン5000mg、クレアチニン15000mg及びホウ砂250mgを秤量した後、精製水約300mLを加えて攪拌した。完全に溶解した後、さらにホウ酸500mgをこの溶液に添加した。別に、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル390mg及びパラオキシ安息香酸プロピル210mgを秤量し、精製水150mLを加えて70℃前後で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。この溶液を室温まで冷却した後、50mLを先ほどのアシクロビル溶液に添加し、良く攪拌した。さらに塩酸を少量づつ加えてpH値を7.8に調整した後、精製水を加えて500mLとした。この液を孔径約0.22μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過し、点眼用容器又はアンプル中にそれぞれ5mL及び2mLを充填した。
【0027】
Figure 2004359548
【0028】
アシクロビル500mg、モノエタノールアミン5000mg、ニコチン酸アミド15000mg、ホウ砂250mgを秤量した後、精製水約300mLを加えて攪拌した。完全に溶解した後、さらにホウ酸500mgをこの溶液に添加した。別に、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル390mg及びパラオキシ安息香酸プロピル210mgを秤量し、精製水150mLを加えて70℃前後で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。この溶液を室温まで冷却した後、50mLを先ほどのアシクロビル溶液に添加し、良く攪拌した。さらに塩酸を少量づつ加えてpH値を7.8に調整した後、精製水を加えて500mLとした。この液を孔径約0.22μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過し、点眼用容器又はアンプル中にそれぞれ5mL及び2mLを充填した。
【0029】
Figure 2004359548
【0030】
アシクロビル100mgを秤量し、約50℃の水浴中、精製水約50mLに完全に溶解した後、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム100mg及びホウ酸100mgを添加した。別に、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル390mg及びパラオキシ安息香酸プロピル210mgを秤量し、精製水150mLを加えて70℃前後で攪拌し、完全に溶解させた。この溶液を室温まで冷却した後、10mLをアシクロビル溶液に添加し、良く攪拌した。さらにホウ砂を少量づつ加えてpH値を8.0に調整した後、精製水を加えて100mLとした。この液を孔径約0.22μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過し、点眼用容器又はアンプル中にそれぞれ5mL及び2mLを充填した。
【0031】
Figure 2004359548
【0032】
アシクロビル100mg及びクレアチニン3000mgを秤量し、精製水約50mLを加えて約50℃の水浴中で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。さらに、この溶液にホウ酸100mg及び亜硫酸水素ナトリウム100mgを添加した。別に、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル390mg及びパラオキシ安息香酸プロピル210mgを秤量し、精製水150mLを加えて70℃前後で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。この溶液を室温まで冷却した後、10mLをアシクロビル溶液に添加し、良く攪拌した。さらにホウ砂を少量づつ加えてpH値を8.0に調整した後、精製水を加えて100mLとした。この液を孔径約0.22μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過し、点眼用容器又はアンプル中にそれぞれ5mL及び2mLを充填した。
【0033】
Figure 2004359548
【0034】
アシクロビル100mg及びニコチン酸アミド3000mgを秤量し、精製水約50mLを加えて約50℃の水浴中で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。さらに、この溶液にホウ酸100mg及び亜硫酸水素ナトリウム100mgを添加した。別に、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル390mg及びパラオキシ安息香酸プロピル210mgを秤量し、精製水150mLを加えて70℃前後で攪拌し、完全に溶解した。この溶液を室温まで冷却した後、10mLをアシクロビル溶液に添加し、良く攪拌した。さらにホウ砂を少量づつ加えてpH値を8.0に調整した後、精製水を加えて100mLとした。この液を孔径0.22μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過し、点眼用容器又はアンプル中にそれぞれ5mL及び2mLを充填した。
【0035】
本発明のアシクロビル水溶液製剤について、実施例1及び実施例2の製剤を用いて試験例1〜3の保存安定性試験を実施し、比較例1〜3の製剤と比較した。
各製剤の安定性は、各試験の保存期間中アシクロビルの結晶析出の有無等を外観観察し、さらに保存期間経過後、pH値及びアシクロビル残存率を測定することで評価した。アシクロビル残存率は、各製剤中のアシクロビル濃度を高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより測定し、調製直後の製剤のアシクロビル濃度に対する試験後の製剤中のアシクロビル濃度の百分率として算出した。
なお、調製直後の各製剤の外観はいずれも無色透明の液体であった。
【0036】
試験例1
(4〜5℃における保存安定性)
点眼用容器に充填した各製剤を、4〜5℃の温度条件下で3箇月間保存し、安定性を試験した。試験結果を表1に示す。
【0037】
【表1】
Figure 2004359548
【0038】
有機アミンを含まない比較例1〜3の製剤において、それぞれ保存1週目でアシクロビルの結晶析出が確認された。これに対し、本発明の有機アミンを含む製剤である実施例1及び実施例2の製剤においては、保存3箇月目においても結晶析出は認められず、外観上の変化は認められなかった。また、実施例1及び実施例2の製剤において、pH値及びアシクロビル残存率に変化は認められなかった。以上により、本発明の有機アミンを含有する製剤は、4〜5℃の冷所条件における保存で、優れた安定性を有することがわかる。
【0039】
試験例2
(40℃における保存安定性)
点眼用容器に充填した各製剤を、40℃の温度条件下で3箇月間保存し、安定性を試験した。試験結果を表2に示す。
【0040】
【表2】
Figure 2004359548
【0041】
本発明の実施例1及び実施例2の製剤において、40℃での保存3箇月の時点における外観上の変化や、pH値及びアシクロビル残存率の変化は認められず、安定であった。
【0042】
試験例3
(60℃における保存安定性)
アンプルに充填した各製剤を、保存温度60℃に設定した恒温機内で1週間保存し、安定性を試験した。結果を表3に示す。
【0043】
【表3】
Figure 2004359548
【0044】
本発明の実施例1及び実施例2の製剤において、60℃での保存1週間の時点における外観上の変化や、pH値及びアシクロビル残存率の変化は認められず、安定であった。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明の有機アミンを含み、中性付近のpHを有するアシクロビル水溶液製剤は、冷所での保存安定性に優れることから、水性点眼液、水性注射剤、内服液剤、外用液剤、点鼻剤等として臨床応用が可能であり、中でも単純ヘルペスウイルスによる角膜炎治療のための水性点眼液として好適な製剤である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an acyclovir-containing aqueous solution preparation having a pH around neutrality and having excellent storage stability in a cold place.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Chemical name: 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl] guanine] (hereinafter referred to as acyclovir) is an antiviral drug having a purine skeleton, and is used for the treatment of viral infections caused by herpes simplex virus, shingles virus, and the like. It is a drug effective as a therapeutic agent. In particular, it selectively acts only on these herpes group viruses and has low toxicity to normal cells, and is therefore widely used clinically.
[0003]
Currently, clinically used forms of acyclovir preparations are supplied as ophthalmic ointments in which acyclovir is suspended, freeze-dried injections, strongly alkaline aqueous injections, tablets, granules, and jellies. At present, there is no aqueous solution formulation having a pH around neutrality that can be applied as eye drops.
[0004]
Currently, acyclovir ophthalmic ointment is used as a first-line drug for the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis. However, ophthalmic ointments tend to cause discomfort and discomfort to the patient, and it is difficult for the patient to apply the ointment to his or her eyes. For this reason, an excellent aqueous ophthalmic solution replacing eye ointment is desired in medical practice.
[0005]
However, although acyclovir is soluble in strongly acidic and strongly alkaline solutions, it is extremely poorly soluble in solutions near neutrality, and crystals can be formed within a short time even when dissolved by heating. Because of precipitation, it has been difficult to develop an aqueous solution having long-term stability.
[0006]
As a general method for solubilizing a drug, (1) a method of preparing an aqueous solution to be acidic or alkaline, (2) a method of adding a hydrophilic group as a slight chemical structural change that does not affect the efficacy, and (3) ▼ A method of adding an additive such as a solubilizing agent or a surfactant is included.
Several studies have been made on aqueous solutions of acyclovir, for example, aromatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic carboxylic acids, oxycarboxylic acids, chelating agents and A formulation for blending those alkali metal salts is known (see Patent Document 1). However, a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline solution is not preferable as an ophthalmic solution because of strong irritation of the ocular mucosa, and cannot be applied to an aqueous ophthalmic solution because the pH of the aqueous solution according to the above-mentioned formulation is 10 to 13.
[0007]
In addition, as the minor structural transformation of the above (2), for example, a monophosphate form is known (see Patent Document 2), but a test or derivatization for confirming the efficacy and safety as a novel medicinal ingredient is carried out. This is not practical because it requires additional equipment and facilities, and requires a great deal of cost and time.
[0008]
As a method of adding the additive of the above (3), a method of blending polyvinylpyrrolidone as a solubilizer, at least one selected from boric acid and polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a solubilizer is used. A method of addition (see Patent Documents 3 and 4) is known. However, aqueous formulations of acyclovir to which these solubilizers have been added, crystals of acyclovir precipitate when stored in a refrigerator, and when stored in cold regions such as Hokkaido, Tohoku, and Hokuriku, storage stability is considered. It is known that there is a problem with sex.
[0009]
Regarding an aqueous solution of acyclovir having excellent storage stability in a cold place, a formulation containing nicotinamide, L-arginine or magnesium chloride as a solubilizer has been proposed (see Patent Document 5). However, as a result of additional tests by the present inventors, the formulation with the above formulation did not have sufficient performance in storage stability in a cold place, and formulation studies were carried out in consideration of actual product production, especially addition of a preservative. In such a case, it became clear that there was a problem that crystals were precipitated at a low temperature.
[0010]
As described above, at present, an acyclovir-containing aqueous solution preparation that has sufficient low-temperature storage stability from the viewpoint of distribution in cold regions and can be clinically used as an aqueous ophthalmic solution or the like has not been put to practical use.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-247216 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-53-108999 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-8-268892 [Patent Document 4]
WO 98/43643 pamphlet [Patent Document 5]
JP 2000-212088 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an acyclovir-containing aqueous solution preparation having excellent storage stability in a cold place at a pH around neutrality.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a dissolution aid that suppresses crystal precipitation of acyclovir, and found that organic amines, particularly lower alkanolamines, improved the storage stability in a cold place in an aqueous solution of acyclovir adjusted to a pH near neutrality. I found out.
[0014]
That is, the present invention provides an aqueous solution preparation containing acyclovir and an organic amine and having a pH of 6 to 8.
[0015]
[Practice of the invention]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Examples of the organic amine used in the present invention include lower alkanolamines, sulfoalkylpiperazines, and sulfoalkylalkyleneamines, with lower alkanolamines being preferred. Examples of the lower alkanolamine include alkanolamines having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine and the like, and di- or tri-lower alkanolamines. Lower alkanolamines, especially monoethanolamine, are preferred.
[0016]
The addition amount of the organic amine can be appropriately selected, but from the viewpoint of solubility of acyclovir, it is preferably 0.1 to 10.0% W / V, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0% W / V. The addition of the organic amine is advantageous not only in the effect of suppressing the crystal precipitation of acyclovir during storage, but also in that the acyclovir can be easily dissolved in a short time without heating during preparation of an aqueous solution preparation having a pH of 6 to 8. is there.
[0017]
The pH of the aqueous solution preparation of the present invention is from 6 to 8, especially from 7 to 8, especially 7.5 from the viewpoint of irritation to the ocular mucosa when used as eye drops, and further from the viewpoint of preventing pain when used as injections. It is preferably set to 8.0. In order to adjust the pH, a pH adjuster such as boric acid, borax, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, sodium citrate and the like can be used.
[0018]
The concentration of acyclovir in the aqueous solution preparation of the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 2.0% W / V, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% W / V. In particular, in the case of the aqueous ophthalmic solution, the effective dose 50% (ED 50 ) of acyclovir to corneal herpes virus is about 0.3 μg / mL, and is set to 0.05 to 0.2% W / V. Is preferred.
[0019]
The aqueous solution preparation of the present invention may contain one or more other solubilizing agents in addition to the organic amine. As other solubilizers to be added in addition to the organic amine, commonly known solubilizers can be used, and creatinine and nicotinamide are particularly preferable. When creatinine is added, the amount added is preferably 0.1 to 10.0% W / V, particularly preferably 1.0 to 5.0% W / V. When nicotinamide is added, the addition amount is preferably 0.1 to 10.0% W / V, particularly preferably 1.0 to 5.0% W / V.
[0020]
The aqueous solution preparation of the present invention can be in any desired form depending on the intended use, that is, aqueous ophthalmic solution, aqueous injection, internal solution, external solution, nasal drop and the like.
[0021]
Further, to the aqueous solution preparation of the present invention, if necessary, an isotonic agent, a preservative, other excipients and the like can be added. Examples of the tonicity agent include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, glycerin, d-sorbitol, d-mannitol, xylitol, propylene glycol and the like. In the case of eye drops, the osmotic pressure ratio is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 from the viewpoint of irritation to the ocular mucosa.
[0022]
As preservatives, parabens such as methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, and quaternary ammonium salts such as benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride, which can exert a preservative effect in a solution near neutrality. Are preferred, and parabens are particularly preferred.
[0023]
As other excipients, sulfite compounds such as sodium bisulfite, sodium edetate, sodium thiosulfate, surfactants and the like can be used.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0025]
Figure 2004359548
[0026]
After weighing 500 mg of acyclovir, 5000 mg of monoethanolamine, 15000 mg of creatinine, and 250 mg of borax, about 300 mL of purified water was added and stirred. After complete dissolution, an additional 500 mg of boric acid was added to the solution. Separately, 390 mg of methyl paraoxybenzoate and 210 mg of propyl paraoxybenzoate were weighed, 150 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred at about 70 ° C. to completely dissolve. After the solution was cooled to room temperature, 50 mL was added to the acyclovir solution and stirred well. Further, hydrochloric acid was added little by little to adjust the pH value to 7.8, and then purified water was added to 500 mL. This solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of about 0.22 μm, and 5 mL and 2 mL were filled in an ophthalmic container or ampoule, respectively.
[0027]
Figure 2004359548
[0028]
After weighing 500 mg of acyclovir, 5000 mg of monoethanolamine, 15000 mg of nicotinamide, and 250 mg of borax, about 300 mL of purified water was added and stirred. After complete dissolution, an additional 500 mg of boric acid was added to the solution. Separately, 390 mg of methyl paraoxybenzoate and 210 mg of propyl paraoxybenzoate were weighed, 150 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred at about 70 ° C. to completely dissolve. After the solution was cooled to room temperature, 50 mL was added to the acyclovir solution and stirred well. Further, hydrochloric acid was added little by little to adjust the pH value to 7.8, and then purified water was added to 500 mL. This solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of about 0.22 μm, and 5 mL and 2 mL were filled in an ophthalmic container or ampoule, respectively.
[0029]
Figure 2004359548
[0030]
After 100 mg of acyclovir was weighed and completely dissolved in about 50 mL of purified water in a water bath at about 50 ° C., 100 mg of sodium bisulfite and 100 mg of boric acid were added. Separately, 390 mg of methyl paraoxybenzoate and 210 mg of propyl paraoxybenzoate were weighed, 150 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred at about 70 ° C. and completely dissolved. After cooling this solution to room temperature, 10 mL was added to the acyclovir solution and stirred well. Further, borax was added little by little to adjust the pH value to 8.0, and then purified water was added to make 100 mL. This solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of about 0.22 μm, and 5 mL and 2 mL were filled in an ophthalmic container or ampoule, respectively.
[0031]
Figure 2004359548
[0032]
100 mg of acyclovir and 3000 mg of creatinine were weighed, and about 50 mL of purified water was added thereto, followed by stirring in a water bath at about 50 ° C. to completely dissolve. Further, 100 mg of boric acid and 100 mg of sodium bisulfite were added to this solution. Separately, 390 mg of methyl paraoxybenzoate and 210 mg of propyl paraoxybenzoate were weighed, 150 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred at about 70 ° C. to completely dissolve. After cooling this solution to room temperature, 10 mL was added to the acyclovir solution and stirred well. Further, borax was added little by little to adjust the pH value to 8.0, and then purified water was added to make 100 mL. This solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of about 0.22 μm, and 5 mL and 2 mL were filled in an ophthalmic container or ampoule, respectively.
[0033]
Figure 2004359548
[0034]
100 mg of acyclovir and 3000 mg of nicotinamide were weighed, about 50 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred in a water bath at about 50 ° C. to completely dissolve. Further, 100 mg of boric acid and 100 mg of sodium bisulfite were added to this solution. Separately, 390 mg of methyl paraoxybenzoate and 210 mg of propyl paraoxybenzoate were weighed, 150 mL of purified water was added, and the mixture was stirred at about 70 ° C. to completely dissolve. After cooling this solution to room temperature, 10 mL was added to the acyclovir solution and stirred well. Further, borax was added little by little to adjust the pH value to 8.0, and then purified water was added to make 100 mL. This solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.22 μm, and 5 mL and 2 mL were filled in an ophthalmic container or ampoule, respectively.
[0035]
For the acyclovir aqueous solution preparation of the present invention, the storage stability tests of Test Examples 1 to 3 were performed using the preparations of Example 1 and Example 2, and compared with the preparations of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
The stability of each preparation was evaluated by observing the appearance of crystals of acyclovir during the storage period of each test, and by measuring the pH value and the residual ratio of acyclovir after the storage period. The residual acyclovir ratio was determined by measuring the concentration of acyclovir in each preparation by high performance liquid chromatography and calculating as a percentage of the concentration of acyclovir in the preparation after the test with respect to the concentration of acyclovir in the preparation immediately after preparation.
In addition, the appearance of each preparation immediately after preparation was a colorless and transparent liquid.
[0036]
Test example 1
(Storage stability at 4-5 ° C)
Each preparation filled in the ophthalmic container was stored under a temperature condition of 4 to 5 ° C. for 3 months, and tested for stability. Table 1 shows the test results.
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004359548
[0038]
In the preparations of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 containing no organic amine, acyclovir crystal precipitation was confirmed in the first week of storage. On the other hand, in the preparations of Examples 1 and 2, which are preparations containing the organic amine of the present invention, no crystal precipitation was observed even after 3 months of storage, and no change in appearance was observed. In the preparations of Example 1 and Example 2, no change was observed in the pH value and the residual ratio of acyclovir. From the above, it can be seen that the preparation containing the organic amine of the present invention has excellent stability when stored under cold conditions at 4 to 5 ° C.
[0039]
Test example 2
(Storage stability at 40 ° C)
Each preparation filled in the container for eye drops was stored under a temperature condition of 40 ° C. for 3 months and tested for stability. Table 2 shows the test results.
[0040]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004359548
[0041]
In the preparations of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention, there was no change in appearance and no change in the pH value and the residual ratio of acyclovir at 3 months after storage at 40 ° C., and the preparations were stable.
[0042]
Test example 3
(Storage stability at 60 ° C)
Each preparation filled in the ampoule was stored for one week in a thermostat set at a storage temperature of 60 ° C., and the stability was tested. Table 3 shows the results.
[0043]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004359548
[0044]
In the preparations of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention, there was no change in the appearance at the time of storage at 60 ° C. for one week, and no change in the pH value and the residual ratio of acyclovir, and the preparations were stable.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
The aqueous solution of acyclovir containing the organic amine of the present invention and having a pH around neutrality has excellent storage stability in a cold place, and is therefore an aqueous ophthalmic solution, an aqueous injection, an oral solution, an external solution, a nasal solution, It is a formulation suitable as an aqueous ophthalmic solution for the treatment of keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus.

Claims (5)

アシクロビル及び有機アミンを含有し、pHが6〜8であることを特徴とする水溶液製剤。An aqueous solution preparation containing acyclovir and an organic amine and having a pH of 6 to 8. 前記有機アミンが低級アルカノールアミンである請求項1に記載の水溶液製剤。The aqueous solution preparation according to claim 1, wherein the organic amine is a lower alkanolamine. 前記低級アルカノールアミンがモノエタノールアミンである請求項1又は2に記載の水溶液製剤。The aqueous solution preparation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower alkanolamine is monoethanolamine. さらに、クレアチニン及びニコチン酸アミドから選ばれる1種以上を含有する請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水溶液製剤。The aqueous solution preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising at least one selected from creatinine and nicotinamide. 点眼剤である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の水溶液製剤。The aqueous solution preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is an eye drop.
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