JP2004357671A - Treating method for reducing, dissolving and disappearing chicken dropping - Google Patents

Treating method for reducing, dissolving and disappearing chicken dropping Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004357671A
JP2004357671A JP2003192430A JP2003192430A JP2004357671A JP 2004357671 A JP2004357671 A JP 2004357671A JP 2003192430 A JP2003192430 A JP 2003192430A JP 2003192430 A JP2003192430 A JP 2003192430A JP 2004357671 A JP2004357671 A JP 2004357671A
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Prior art keywords
chicken
water
droppings
manure
gas
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Toshihisa Eda
敏久 江田
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GOHDA MIZUSHORI GIJUTSU KENKYU
GOHDA MIZUSHORI GIJUTSU KENKYUSHO KK
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GOHDA MIZUSHORI GIJUTSU KENKYU
GOHDA MIZUSHORI GIJUTSU KENKYUSHO KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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    • Y02C20/20Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating chicken droppings for a chicken farm by using a small space and at a low cost for aiming at the reduction, dissolution and disappearance of the chicken droppings. <P>SOLUTION: This treating method is provided by adding natural water containing fermenting type facultative anaerobic soil bacteria to the chicken droppings and a fluidized catalytic material in at least one treating vessel, adding water for adjusting water content as necessary, agitating, decomposing by fermenting while aerating or ventilating, or reducing, dissolving and disappearing dead chicken, feathers contained in the chicken droppings, fine amount of inorganic components contained in the droppings and organic materials of the droppings other than the hardly decomposable materials with the fluidized catalytic material as gas form such as carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide and vaporized water content without taking out water or an aqueous solution to the outside of the system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【産業上の技術分野】
本発明は、家畜の糞尿、特に鶏糞を醗酵処理し、鶏糞の減溶消滅化を図るための鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ブロイラー育成業や養鶏農家から発生する鶏糞量が大量化し、その処理方法として、水分調整をして微生物醗酵堆肥化する方法、熱乾燥機によって強制的に無臭化減溶化して堆肥化する方法、或いは焼却して減量化し、焼却灰を再利用する方法、さらには炭化して農地還元する方法等がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した方法によって生成された堆肥、炭化物等を利用する農家が減少する一方、化成肥料を利用して手間を掛けない農家が多くなっている。また、有機農産物の需要が増加しているものの手間や収穫量にリスクがあるために堆肥使用量が少ない。
さらに、鶏糞は豚糞や牛糞に比較して、リンとカリウムの含有率が多いため畜産業界では飽和状態になり、堆肥使用量が少ない等の問題点があり、従来の処理方法では鶏糞処理量の供給過剰の問題があった。
【0004】
本発明は以上の技術的課題を解決し、鶏糞の減溶消滅化を図り、養鶏農家に狭いスペースで低コストの鶏糞処理方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、以下のような鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法を提供するものである。すなわち、鶏糞及び流動接触材に発酵型通性嫌気性の土壌菌を含む自然水を加えた少なくとも一つの処理槽において、必要に応じて水分調整のための水を加え、攪拌、曝気或いは通気をしつつ醗酵分解させ、また水或いは水溶液を系外に取り出すことなく、難分解性の中の、鶏糞中に混在する死鶏及び羽根、鶏糞に含有される微量の無機質成分、流動接触材の難分解性の物質以外の鶏糞の有機物を、炭酸ガス、窒素ガス、メタンガス、硫化水素、蒸発水分等の気体の形で消滅させることを特徴とする鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法である。
また、処理槽において、前段の処理槽は曝気或いは通気するすることなく、嫌気的条件にて醗酵分解させ、後段の処理槽において曝気或いは通気処理をすることを特徴とする鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法である。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に示す実施例について説明する。
図1は本発明に係る減溶消滅化処理方法によるフローシフトである。
本実施例では、減溶消滅処理される有機廃棄物として鶏糞を用いて説明する。
【0007】
図1において、原料として有機廃棄物である鶏糞及び床材が投入される(S1)。
上記床材は、木屑、おが屑、木材チップ、籾殻、或いは稲藁等の流動接触材に発酵型通性嫌気菌が混入された自然水から構成されている。
【0008】
そして、上記発酵型通性嫌気菌は、流動接触材である木屑、おが屑、木材チップ、籾殻、或いは稲藁等の炭素質に富んだ資材を栄養源の一つとする複合微生物であり、分解性能に優れている.また、該微生物の分解過程によって生じる醗酵熱による蒸発散効果も高い。
また、木屑、おが屑、木材チップ、籾殻、或いは稲藁等の炭素質を含む資材が通性嫌気性微生物の分解過程によって微細化して表面積が増加することにより担体としての機能がさらに高められる。
なお、鶏糞乾燥重量と木屑、おが屑、木材チップ、籾殻、或いは稲藁等の流動接触材比は目安として4;1が好適である。
【0009】
次いで、投入された有機廃棄物及び床材は第1処理槽(1)に搬出される(S2)。
ここでいう第1処理槽とは、鶏糞、発酵型通性嫌気菌を含む自然水、木屑、おが屑、木材チップ、籾殻或いは稲藁等の流動接触材或いは混合接触材を混合させる通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)をいう。
接触材は鶏舎の床材として使用され、その結果鶏舎から搬出される鶏糞中に含まれる場合もあるが、接触材を含まない鶏糞の場合には、鶏糞とは別に混入してもよい。
前記通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)に投入された鶏糞は通常乾燥した固形物になっている場合が多いため、槽底に沈殿滞留しやすい。したがって、通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽は攪拌能力を重視したものである。
【0010】
通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)では、固形化した鶏糞を溶解し、難分解の鶏の羽根、死鶏、木屑等を攪拌して鶏糞の通性嫌気菌による醗酵処理の促進を行う。
通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)で醗酵処理された有機廃棄物は固液分離機(2)にて難分解の羽根、死鶏、木屑、おが屑、木材チップ等の固体分を分離する(S3)。
前記固液分離機(2)で分離された粗い固体分は、通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)にて醗酵微生物が十分に定着しているので、そのまま放置しておいても堆肥化するので利用価値が高く、また、床材としてリサイクルすることができる。
第2処理槽である通性嫌気曝気槽(3)に移送された有機廃棄物は主として曝気或いは通気処理され、水或いは水溶液を系外に取り出すことなく、鶏糞の有機廃棄物は炭酸ガス、窒素ガス、メタンガス、硫化水素、蒸発水分等の気体の形で分解される(S4)。
そして、前記(S4)で気体の形で分解された以外の残りの微細な鶏糞或いはおが屑、籾殻、等の床材は通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽(1)に戻され循環させる。この過程において、水分調整として自然水、水道水等が補給される。
このような工程を循環させることで、より有効な処理方法が得られる。
【0011】
以上の工程によれば、一般的なブロイラー育成業では、30,000羽バッジ、5回転/年間の場合、槽容量が150m程度となっている。ただし、この水槽量は鶏糞に混在する床材である木屑、おが屑等の量により前後する。
【0012】
そして、槽中の水量は、醗酵熱により、蒸発減少するので、必要に応じて水を補給し、加えられる水は自然水、水道水、井戸水等であればよく、槽中の水量を一定量に維持するものである。
上記の鶏糞処理方法を実施した場合に、5〜10日間で、曝気風量や醗酵熱によって蒸発散減量する水槽水量は、水道水を投入して随時定量にすることで、所期の鶏糞減溶消滅化が達成された。
【0013】
以上実施例に説明したように、本発明は、鶏糞及び流動接触材に発酵型通性嫌気性の土壌菌を含む自然水を加えた処理槽において、必要に応じて水分調整のための水を加え、攪拌、曝気或いは通気をしつつ醗酵分解させさせるだけで、鶏糞の有機廃棄物、水溶液を炭酸ガス、窒素ガス、メタンガス、硫化水素、蒸発水分等の気体の形で消滅させることができるので、アンモニアガスの発生が少なく、環境保全が万全であり、プラントに必要なランニングコストは電気料、水道料のみの低コストで済む。
また、毎時間毎の水質データ管理の必要がなく、運転が簡単である。
【0014】
さらに、処理槽において、前段の処理槽は曝気或いは通気することなく、嫌気的条件にて醗酵分解させ、後段の処理槽において曝気或いは通気処理をするので、鶏糞処理に際し、処理水を取り出すことなく、鶏糞の減溶化が可能になったので、ブロイラー育成業、養鶏農家は処理槽を設けるだけで、排水設備等を設ける必要がなく低コストの鶏糞処理が得られた。
また、分離された固形分は、第1処理槽において醗酵微生物が十分定着しているので、そのまま放置しておいても堆肥化するので、堆肥装置等の設備を設ける必要がなく、この点においても低コストに寄与している。
従って、従来の好気菌主体の活性汚泥処理法による処理では不可能な繊維質の含有率の多いSS鶏糞処理が可能になった。
【0015】
上述した減溶化方法において、鶏舎の鶏に給餌する際に、飼料に発酵型酵素或いは発酵型微生物を添加配合すると、鶏のストレスが改善され、、肉質も上昇され、糞による肺炎罹病率が低下し、環境の改善ができ、抗生物質の要らない体質が得られ、さらに有効な鶏糞処理の減溶消滅が得られた。
また、本実施例では効率化のため、処理層を2槽設けているが、1槽でも減溶処理化が得られることは勿論である。
なお、上記の実施例は鶏糞の例で説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、牛糞、豚糞等の家畜の糞または糞尿混合物処理に適用されるのはは言うまでもない。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上に説明したように、鶏糞及び木屑、おが屑等の流動接触材に発酵型通性嫌気性の土壌菌を含む自然水を加えた少なくとも一つの処理槽において、請求項1のものによれば、必要に応じて水分調整のための水を加え、攪拌、曝気或いは通気をしつつ醗酵分解させ、また水或いは水溶液を系外に取り出すことなく、鶏糞の有機廃棄物を炭酸ガス、窒素ガス、メタンガス、硫化水素、蒸発水分等の気体の形で減溶消滅させることができるので、アンモニアガスの発生が少なく環境保全が万全であり、プラントに必要なランニングコストは電気料、水道料だけで低コストで済み、また、毎時間毎の水質データ管理が必要なく、運転管理が容易である。
また、請求項2のものによれば、前段の処理槽は曝気或いは通気をすることなく、嫌気的条件にて醗酵分解させ、後段の処理槽において、曝気或いは通気処理するので、鶏糞処理に際し、処理水を放流することなく、鶏糞の減溶消滅化が可能になり、排水設備等を設ける必要がなく、狭いスペースで低コストの鶏糞処理が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法のフローシフトである。
【符号の説明】
1 通性嫌気醗酵攪拌槽
2 固液分離機
3 通性嫌気曝気槽
[0001]
[Industrial technical field]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for reducing and eliminating chicken manure by fermenting livestock manure, particularly chicken manure, to reduce and eliminate chicken manure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the amount of poultry manure generated from broiler breeding and poultry farming has increased, and as a treatment method, there is a method of adjusting the water content to make microbial fermentation compost, and composting by forcibly deodorizing, reducing and solubilizing with a heat dryer. There is a method of reducing the amount of incinerated ash by incineration and reusing the incinerated ash, and a method of carbonizing and returning to agricultural land.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, while the number of farmers using the compost, charcoal, and the like generated by the above-described method is decreasing, the number of farmers who do not take time to use chemical fertilizers is increasing. In addition, although the demand for organic agricultural products is increasing, the amount of compost used is small because there is a risk in labor and yield.
Furthermore, chicken manure has a higher content of phosphorus and potassium than pig manure and cow manure, and is saturated in the livestock industry, and there is a problem that the amount of compost used is small. There was a problem of oversupply.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, reduce the amount of chicken manure dissolved and eliminate it, and provide a poultry farmer with a low-cost chicken manure treatment method in a small space.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following method for reducing and eliminating chicken dung. That is, in at least one treatment tank in which natural water containing fermentation-type facultatively anaerobic soil bacteria has been added to chicken dung and the fluid contact material, water for water adjustment is added as necessary, and stirring, aeration or aeration is performed. Fermentation and decomposition, and without removing water or aqueous solution to the outside of the system, it is difficult to remove dead chickens and feathers mixed in chicken dung, trace inorganic components contained in chicken dung, This is a method for reducing and eliminating chicken dung by dissolving chicken dung organic matter other than decomposable substances in the form of gas such as carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and evaporated water.
In the treatment tank, the first treatment tank is fermented and decomposed under anaerobic conditions without aeration or aeration, and the abatement or aeration treatment is performed in the second treatment tank. Is the way.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow shift according to the method for reducing and eliminating extinction according to the present invention.
In the present embodiment, description will be made by using chicken manure as the organic waste to be subjected to the dissolution-extinction treatment.
[0007]
In FIG. 1, chicken dung and floor material, which are organic wastes, are supplied as raw materials (S1).
The floor material is made of natural water in which a fermentable facultative anaerobic bacterium is mixed into a fluid contact material such as wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, rice hulls, or rice straw.
[0008]
The fermentative facultative anaerobic bacteria are complex microorganisms that use a carbon-rich material such as wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, rice hulls, or rice straw, which are fluid contact materials, as one of the nutrient sources. Excellent. In addition, there is a high evapotranspiration effect due to fermentation heat generated by the decomposition process of the microorganism.
In addition, carbonaceous materials such as wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, rice hulls, and rice straw are miniaturized by the degradation process of the facultative anaerobic microorganisms to increase the surface area, thereby further improving the function as a carrier.
The ratio of the dry weight of chicken dung and the ratio of fluid contact materials such as wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, rice hulls, and rice straw is preferably 4: 1 as a standard.
[0009]
Next, the input organic waste and floor material are carried out to the first treatment tank (1) (S2).
Here, the first treatment tank is a facultative anaerobic fermentation in which a fluid contacting material or a mixed contacting material such as poultry manure, natural water containing fermentative type facultative anaerobic bacteria, wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, rice husk or rice straw are mixed. Refers to the stirring tank (1).
The contact material is used as a floor material of the poultry house, and as a result, may be contained in the poultry manure carried out of the poultry house. In the case of the poultry manure without the contact material, it may be mixed separately from the poultry manure.
The poultry manure introduced into the facultatively anaerobic fermentation stirring tank (1) is usually a dry solid in many cases, and thus tends to be sedimented and retained at the bottom of the tank. Therefore, the facultatively anaerobic fermentation stirring tank emphasizes stirring ability.
[0010]
In the facultatively anaerobic fermentation stirring tank (1), the solidified chicken manure is dissolved, and the non-degradable chicken wings, dead chicken, wood chips, etc. are stirred to promote the fermentation treatment of the chicken manure by the facultative anaerobic bacteria.
The organic waste fermented in the facultatively anaerobic fermentation stirred tank (1) separates solid components such as hardly decomposed wings, dead chicken, wood chips, sawdust, wood chips, etc. in a solid-liquid separator (2) (S3). ).
The coarse solids separated by the solid-liquid separator (2) are fertilized microorganisms sufficiently fixed in the facultatively anaerobic fermentation agitating tank (1). It has high utility value and can be recycled as flooring.
The organic waste transferred to the facultative anaerobic aeration tank (3), which is the second treatment tank, is mainly subjected to aeration or aeration treatment, and without removing water or an aqueous solution to the outside of the system, the organic waste of chicken dung is converted into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and the like. It is decomposed in the form of gas such as gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and evaporated water (S4).
The remaining fine chicken manure or sawdust, rice hulls, and other floor materials other than those decomposed in the form of gas in (S4) are returned to the facultative anaerobic fermentation stirring tank (1) and circulated. In this process, natural water, tap water, and the like are supplied as moisture adjustment.
By circulating such steps, a more effective processing method can be obtained.
[0011]
According to the above process, in a general broiler breeding business, the tank capacity is about 150 m 3 in the case of 30,000 bird badges and 5 rotations / year. However, the amount of this water tank varies depending on the amount of wood chips, sawdust, etc., which are floor materials mixed in chicken dung.
[0012]
Since the amount of water in the tank evaporates and decreases due to the heat of fermentation, water is replenished as necessary, and the added water may be natural water, tap water, well water, or the like. To maintain.
When the above-mentioned chicken manure treatment method is carried out, the amount of water in the tank that evaporates and reduces due to the aeration air volume and fermentation heat in 5 to 10 days is determined by adding tap water at any time to reduce the desired amount of chicken manure Destruction has been achieved.
[0013]
As described in the above embodiments, the present invention provides a treatment tank in which natural water containing fermentation-type facultatively anaerobic soil bacteria is added to chicken dung and a fluidized contact material, and water for moisture adjustment is added as necessary. In addition, organic waste and aqueous solution of chicken manure can be eliminated in the form of gas such as carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and evaporated water by simply fermenting and decomposing while stirring, aerating or aerating. In addition, the generation of ammonia gas is small, environmental protection is thorough, and the running cost required for the plant can be reduced to only electricity and water.
Also, there is no need to manage water quality data every hour, and operation is simple.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the treatment tank, the former treatment tank is fermented and decomposed under anaerobic conditions without aeration or aeration, and the aeration or aeration treatment is performed in the latter treatment tank. Since chicken manure can be reduced in volume, broiler breeders and poultry farmers need only install a treatment tank and do not need to install drainage equipment, etc., and have obtained low-cost chicken manure treatment.
In addition, since the separated solid content is fertilized microorganisms sufficiently fixed in the first treatment tank, it is composted even if it is left as it is, so there is no need to provide facilities such as a composting device. Also contribute to low cost.
Accordingly, it has become possible to treat SS chicken dung with a high fiber content, which cannot be achieved by the conventional activated sludge treatment method mainly comprising aerobic bacteria.
[0015]
In the above-mentioned solubilization method, when a fermented enzyme or a fermented microorganism is added to a feed when feeding chickens in a poultry house, stress on the chicken is improved, meat quality is increased, and the incidence of pneumonia due to feces is reduced. In addition, the environment was improved, a constitution free of antibiotics was obtained, and more effective treatment for reducing and eliminating poultry manure was obtained.
Further, in this embodiment, two treatment layers are provided for efficiency, but it is a matter of course that even one tank can reduce the amount of solution.
Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to the example of chicken dung, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the present invention is applied to the treatment of livestock dung such as cow dung and pig dung or a dung mixture.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides at least one treatment tank in which natural water containing fermentation-type facultatively anaerobic soil bacteria is added to a fluid contact material such as chicken dung and wood chips, sawdust, and the like. According to the method, if necessary, water for moisture adjustment is added, and fermentation is decomposed while stirring, aerating or aerating, and the organic waste of poultry manure is removed from carbon dioxide, nitrogen without removing water or an aqueous solution outside the system. Since it can be dissolved and eliminated in the form of gas such as gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and evaporated water, the generation of ammonia gas is small and environmental protection is thorough, and the running cost required for the plant is only electricity and water charges. In addition, the operation is easy because there is no need to manage water quality data every hour.
According to the second aspect, the former treatment tank is fermented and decomposed under anaerobic conditions without aeration or aeration, and the latter treatment tank is subjected to aeration or aeration treatment. It is possible to reduce and eliminate chicken manure without releasing treated water, and it is not necessary to provide a drainage device and the like, and low-cost chicken manure treatment can be obtained in a small space.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow shift of a method of reducing and eliminating chicken dung according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 A facultative anaerobic fermentation stirring tank 2 Solid-liquid separator 3 A facultative anaerobic aeration tank

Claims (2)

鶏糞及び流動接触材に発酵型通性嫌気性の土壌菌を含む自然水を加えた少なくとも一つの処理槽において、必要に応じて水分調整のための水を加え、攪拌、曝気或いは通気をしつつ醗酵分解させ、また水或いは水溶液を系外に取り出すことなく、鶏糞中に混在する死鶏及び羽根、鶏糞に含有される微量の無機質成分、流動接触材の難分解性の物質以外の鶏糞の有機物を、炭酸ガス、窒素ガス、メタンガス、硫化水素、蒸発水分等の気体の形で減溶消滅させることを特徴とする鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法。In at least one treatment tank in which natural water containing fermentation-type facultative anaerobic soil bacteria has been added to chicken dung and the fluid contact material, add water for water adjustment as needed, and stir, aerate or aerate. Organic matter in chicken manure other than dead chicken and feathers mixed in chicken manure, trace inorganic components contained in chicken manure, and hardly decomposable substances in fluidized contact material without fermentation and decomposing and without taking water or aqueous solution out of the system Of poultry manure, wherein carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas, methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and evaporated water are dissolved and eliminated. 前記処理槽において、前段の処理槽は曝気或いは通気することなく、嫌気的条件にて醗酵分解させ、後段の処理槽において、曝気或いは通気処理することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鶏糞減溶消滅化処理方法。The chicken dung reduction according to claim 1, wherein in the processing tank, the former processing tank is fermented and decomposed under anaerobic conditions without aeration or ventilation, and the latter processing tank is aerated or aerated. Dissolution annihilation treatment method.
JP2003192430A 2003-06-03 2003-06-03 Treating method for reducing, dissolving and disappearing chicken dropping Pending JP2004357671A (en)

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