JP2004340653A

JP2004340653A - Measuring method of conical surface shape of tapered roller bearing

Info

Publication number: JP2004340653A
Application number: JP2003135291A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yoshinobu Akamatsu; 良信赤松; Yasuyuki Hirota; 泰之廣田
Original assignee: NTN Corp; NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2003-05-14
Filing date: 2003-05-14
Publication date: 2004-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-14
Also published as: JP4376545B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring method of the conical surface shape of a tapered roller bearing for simply, inexpensively, and accurately measuring a shape necessary for a conical surface of each component. <P>SOLUTION: This measuring method is used for measuring the conical surface shape of an object under measurement which is any of an inner ring, an outer ring, or a roller of the tapered roller bearing. When the object is the inner ring 1, a displacement meter 6 is calibrated by using a pattern 21. This displacement meter 6 is used to measure a plurality of positions of the inner ring 1 while linearly moving the inner ring 1 in a direction X that is a direction perpendicular to the measuring direction of the displacement meter 6 and parallel to the generatrix of the conical surface S1 of the inner ring 1. The measurement is performed on its both ends, its center position where a crowning amount is maximum, etc. while adjusting its axial position by changing the number of interposition of two spacers 18 and 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、内輪、外輪、ころ等の円すい面の円すい角度，直径，クラウニング量等に係る形状を測定する円すいころ軸受の円すい面形状測定方法に関し、例えば研削現場で適用できる測定方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般的な立体形状を測定する装置には三次元形状測定機があり、円すいころ軸受の円すい面形状を高精度に測定する方法として三次元形状測定機を用いる場合がある。円すい面の角度の測定法にはＪＩＳＢ−７５２３のサインバーを用いて円すい面を表面粗さ計の触針に対して平行とし、母線形状の測定結果から円すい角度を算出する場合もある。また、被測定物を円すい面の母線が水平となるように傾斜して配置し、触針ゲージで傾斜角度を測定する方法も提案されている（例えば特許文献１における従来の技術の説明欄）。各研削現場では、円すい角度と円すい面の直径を測定している。内輪ところは、ダイヤルゲージを用いて計測して円すい角度と直径を個別に測定している。外輪は空気マイクロメータを用いて円すい角度と直径を同時に測定している。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−２３０８１６号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、三次元形状測定機や表面粗さ測定機は精密な測定機であるため、設置場所の除振、温度、ミストなどの雰囲気の管理が必要である。そのため、円すいころ軸受の研削盤の近くで加工後の部品の円すい面を測定する用途には使用できない。加工現場では、内輪の円すい角度と直径をダイヤルゲージを用いて個別に測定しているため、測定治具が複数必要であるが、適切な治具がない。加工現場におけるころの測定の場合も、内輪と同じである。また、円すいころ軸受の円すい面には、平滑な圧力分布となるようにクラウニングが施されているが、加工現場で内輪、ころ、および外輪のクラウニング量の測定を行う方法が確立されていない。上記特許文献１の従来例の方法は、触針ゲージを移動させて測定するが、その移動によって測定精度が低下する。また、触針ゲージの較正の方法も確率されていない。
【０００５】
この発明の目的は、各部品の円すい面に必要な形状を、簡易にかつ低コストで精度良く測定することのできる円すいころ軸受の円すい面形状測定方法を提案することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の円すいころ軸受の円すい面形状測定方法は、円すいころ軸受の内輪、外輪、およびころのいずれかである被測定物の円すい面形状を測定する円すい面形状測定方法において、模範を用いて較正した同じ変位計を用い、被測定物を上記変位計の測定方向に対する直角方向でかつ被測定物の円すい面の母線に沿う方向に直線的に移動させて被測定物の複数箇所を測定する方法である。
この方法によると、被測定物を変位計の測定方向に対する直角方向でかつ被測定物の円すい面の母線に沿う方向に直線的に移動させ、被測定物の複数箇所を測定するため、円すいころ軸受部品の円すい面における任意の軸方向位置の直径が測定できる。直径寸法は、上記模範との相対比較により測定できる。また、被測定物側を移動させるので、変位計を移動させて計測する場合に比べて簡単な設備で精度良く測定することができる。上記複数箇所の測定は、模範を用いて較正した同じ変位計を用いるため、より精度良くする測定することができる。このように簡単な設備で測定できるため、研削盤の近くで加工後の部品の円すい面を測定する用途にも適用することができる。
【０００７】
この発明方法において、被測定物の円すい面における上記移動の方向に離れた３か所の測定を行い、そのうちの両端２か所の測定結果から円すい角度を求め、３か所の測定結果からクラウニング量を求めても良い。
この場合、３箇所という少ない測定箇所数で、各部品の円すい面に必要な形状である円すい角度とクラウニング量との両方を求めることができる。
【０００８】
この発明において、被測定物が内輪である場合は、この内輪の大径側の端面を基準として円すい面を測定することが好ましい。
内輪の円すい面の研削加工時の基準面は大径側の端面であるので、この大径側の端面を基準として円すい面を測定することで、研削加工への測定結果の反映が行い易い。
【０００９】
被測定物が外輪である場合は、外輪の小径側の端面を基準として円すい面を測定することが好ましい。
外輪の円すい面の研削加工時の基準面は小径側の端面であるので、この小径側の端面を基準として円すい面を測定することで、研削加工への測定結果の反映が行い易い。
【００１０】
被測定物がころである場合は、ころの大端面における内輪大鍔面との接触点を基準として円すい面を測定することが好ましい。
円すいころ軸受において、各ころは内輪大鍔面と接触しながら転走するため、この接触点を基準とする形状精度が求められる。そのため、この接触点を基準として測定することで、動作上に必要な形状が精度良く求められる。
【００１１】
この発明において、被測定物が内輪または外輪である場合は、被測定物を支持する治具として、例えば定盤と、上記被測定物の端面を当接させる傾斜した被測定物支持面を有し上記定盤上に上記被測定物支持面の法線の投影線に沿う方向に移動可能に設置される被測定物支持部品と、この被測定物支持部品の移動方向に対面して上記定盤上に設けられた位置決め基準体と、この位置決め基準体と上記被測定物支持部品との間に介在して上記位置決め基準体と被測定物支持部品との間隔を規制する複数のスペーサとを備えた治具を用いる。この場合に、上記複数のスペーサの介在個数を種々変えた状態で、上記変位計による上記被測定物の円すい面の測定を行う。
これにより、多数の内輪または外輪につき、それぞれ複数箇所、例えば両端付近と中央付近との３か所を測定するときに、スペーサの介在個数の変更だけで、常に一定の軸方向位置での測定が行え、作業効率良く測定が行える。
【００１２】
この発明において、被測定物測定物がころである場合は、被測定物を支持する治具として、例えば定盤と、この定盤上に直線方向に移動可能に載置され、上記ころを軸心が上記直線方向と平行でかつ円すい面の最上位置の母線が定盤の上面と平行となるように上記ころを載せるころ載置台と、このころ載置台に設けられ上記ころの端面に接するころ端支持体と、上記ころ載置台の移動方向に対面して上記定盤上に設けられた位置決め基準体と、この位置決め基準体と上記ころ載置台との間に介在して上記位置決め基準体と上記ころ載置台との間隔を規制する複数のスペーサとを備えた治具を用いる。この場合に、上記複数のスペーサの介在個数を種々変えた状態で、上記変位計による上記被測定物の円すい面の測定を行う。
これにより、多数のころにつき、それぞれ複数箇所、例えば両端付近と中央付近との３か所を測定するときに、スペーサの介在個数の変更だけで、常に一定の軸方向位置での測定が行え、作業効率良く測定が行える。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の第１の実施形態を図１ないし図３と共に説明する。この実施形態は被測定物が円すいころ軸受の内輪である場合の例である。円すいころ軸受は、例えば図８に示すように、内輪１と外輪２の間に、円周方向に沿って複数の円すい形のころ３を介在させたものである。各ころ３は保持器４に保持されている。内輪１は、転走面となる外径面部分が円すい面Ｓ１とされ、両端に大鍔１ａおよび小鍔１ｂをそれぞれ有する。外輪２は転走面となる内径面が円すい面Ｓ２とされている。ころ３は、外周面が円すい面Ｓ３とされている。
【００１４】
図１において、この測定方法は、内輪１の円すい面Ｓ１の測定方法であり、被測定物である内輪１を変位計６の測定方向Ｚに対する直角方向でかつ内輪１の円すい面Ｓ１の母線に沿う方向に直線的に移動させて、内輪円すい面Ｓ１の複数箇所を測定する。その複数箇所の測定結果から、テーパ角度、クラウニング高さ等の円すい面形状を求める。変位計６には例えばダイヤルゲージを用いる。変位計６には、この他に電気マイクロメータを用いても良い。変位計６の測定方向Ｚは測定する変位ないし長さの方向のことである。
【００１５】
被測定物である内輪１は、次の治具７で支持する。この治具７は、定盤８と、この定盤８上に設置される被測定物支持部品９とを備える。図３のように、変位計６は、定盤８に立設された支柱１６に、取付具１６ａを介して高さ調整自在に取付けられている。被測定物支持部品９は、内輪１の端面を当接させる傾斜した被測定物支持面Ａを有し、定盤８上に被測定物支持面Ａの法線Ｂの投影線ｂに沿う方向Ｘに移動可能に設置される。この移動の精度を確保するため、被測定物支持部品９は、定盤８上に固定されたガイド１０に沿って移動可能とされる。被測定物支持部品９は、被測定物支持面Ａの傾斜角度を可変とする角度変更固定手段１１を有している。角度変更固定手段１１は、被測定物支持面Ａを構成する支持板１２を、下端両側で支軸１３回りに傾動可能なように支持部品本体９ａに支持し、支持部品本体１３の左右両端に立設された側板９ｂに、止め具１４で固定可能としたものである。止め具１４は、側板９ｂに設けられた円弧状孔１５を貫通した止めねじであり、支持板１２の端面のねじ孔（図示せず）にねじ込まれている。したがって止め具１４の締め付けを緩めることで、支持板１２が角度変更自在となり、止め具１４を締めつけると、支持板１２の傾斜角度θ（図１）が固定される。支持板１２は、内輪１の内径面を受けて内輪１を被測定物支持面Ａに接した状態に支持する支持片１２ａを有している。
【００１６】
被測定物支持部品９の移動方向に対面して、定盤８上に位置決め基準体１７が固定されており、この位置決め基準体１７と被測定物支持部品９との間に、両者の間隔を規制する２つのスペーサ１８，１９が介在させられる。変位計６は上記のように支柱１６を介して定盤８に設置されるため、位置決め基準体１７に対する被測定物支持部品９の間隔により、変位計６に対する被測定物支持面Ｓ１の位置が調整されることになる。位置決め基準体１７は、被測定物支持部品９と平行度が確保されたものとする。位置決め基準体１７は、この実施形態では上記ガイド１０と一体の部品からなる。
【００１７】
上記構成の治具７を用いた測定方法を説明する。内輪１の測定に先立ち、内輪１の模範２１を測定して変位計６の較正を行う。模範２１は、例えば内輪１と同じ形状に精度良く作成した部品である。模範２１の測定は、内輪１の測定時と同様に治具７に設置して行う。被測定物である内輪１は、円すい面Ｓ１の研削加工時の基準面が大径側端面であるので、模範２１も大径側端面を被測定物支持部品９の角度調整時の基準面とし、円すい面Ｓ１_Ｍを変位計６の測定方向に対して直角に設定して変位計６の指示目盛を零とする。
【００１８】
円すいころ軸受の内輪１を模範２１に置き換え、変位計６の測定値を読み取ることで、模範２１に対する偏差δが測定できる。被測定物支持面９ａの傾斜角度θは既知であるので、内輪１の直径の補正値はδｃｏｓ θとなる。
内輪１の円すい角度を求めるためには軸方向位置２箇所の直径を測定する必要がある。また、クラウニング量の測定には最大クラウニング高さ位置の直径を測定する必要がある。軸方向位置の距離を移動するために上記スペーサ１８，１９を準備し、スペーサ１８，１９を被測定物支持部品９と位置決め基準体１７との間に挟みこむ。この時に、変位計６により、円すい面Ｓ１の小径側の予め設定した測定位置の直径を模範２１に対して相対的に測定する（図２（Ａ））。
次に、スペーサ１９を外し、被測定物支持部品９を位置決め基準体１７側へ移動させてスペーサ１８を挟みこみ、変位計６でクラウニング位置の直径を測定する（図２（Ｂ））。なお、スペーサ９の厚さは、小径側測定位置と、設計上や経験的にクラウニング量最大とされる位置との距離に等しくしておく。
最後に，スペーサ１９を外し、被測定物支持部品９を位置決め基準体１７側へ移動させて接触させ、円すい面Ｓ１の大径側の直径を変位計６で測定する。
【００１９】
ここで、テーパ面Ｓ１における上記測定を行った小径側位置と大径側位置の距離をＬ、それぞれの直径をＤ１，Ｄ２とすると、円すい角度αはｔａｎ α＝（Ｄ２−Ｄ１）／２Ｌで求められる。
また、小径側位置とクラウニング位置の距離をＬ３、クラウニング位置の直径をＤ３とすると、クラウニング量ｈは，ｈ＝１／２（ｄ３−（Ｄ１＋Ｄ２）×（Ｌ３／Ｌ））で求められる。
【００２０】
この実施形態の円すい面形状測定方法によると、このようにダイヤルゲージ等からなる一つの変位計６を用いて、円すい面Ｓ１の角度、直径、並びにクラウニング量を測定できるようにしたので、円すい面Ｓ１に必要な形状機能を低コストで測定することができる。
【００２１】
図４は、外輪２のテーパ面Ｓ２の測定方法を示す。外輪２のテーパ面Ｓ２は、内輪１に用いた上記測定用治具７および変位計６を用い、内輪１の場合と同様にして測定が行える。外輪２のテーパ面Ｓ２の測定に際しては、外輪２を高精度に仕上げた模範２２を用い、内輪１の場合と同様に変位計６の較正を行う。その後に、外輪２のテーパ面Ｓ２の測定を行う。この測定に際しては、内輪１の測定の場合と同様に、２つのスペーサ１８′、１９′を介在させて位置決めした状態と、片方のスペーサ１８′のみを介在させて位置決めした状態と、スペーサ１８′，１９′を介在させずに位置決めした状態とで、テーパ面Ｓ２の測定を行う。これにより、同図に符号▲１▼〜▲３▼でそれぞれ示す小径側位置、中間のクラウニング量最大位置、および大径側位置での測定が行われる。
【００２２】
図５ないし図７は、被測定物がころ３である場合の測定方法を示す。この場合の治具７Ａは、次の構成のものとなる。変位計６が定盤８Ａに支柱（図示せず）を介して設置されることは、内輪１を測定する場合と同じである。
この治具７Ａは、定盤８Ａと、この定盤８Ａ上に直線方向Ｘに移動可能に載置されたころ載置台９Ａとを備える。ころ載置台９Ａは、ころ３を軸心が上記直線方向Ｘと平行でかつ円すい面Ｓ３の最上位置の母線が定盤８Ａの上面と平行となるように上記ころ３を載せるものである。これにより、変位計６の測定方向Ｚに直角の方向にころ円すい面Ｓ３の母線が向く。ころ載置台９Ａは、定盤８Ａ上に移動可能に設置された可動台３１と、この可動体３１上に設けられた２つのＶブロック３２ａ，３２ｂとを有する。これらＶブロック３２ａ，３２ｂは、Ｖ溝の高さ位置を互いに異ならせて隣接配置してある。各Ｖブロック３２ａ，３２ｂのＶ溝は、ころ軸方向のテーパは有しないため、円すい形のころ３は各Ｖブロック３２ａ，３２のＶ溝におけるころ大端側のエッジで支持されることになる。ころ載置台９Ａは、可動台３１にころ３の大端面３ａに接してころ３の軸方向位置を定めるころ端支持体３３が設けられている。ころ端支持体３３のころ３と当接部は、セラミックボール３３ａで構成されている。ころ端支持体３３によるころ３の大端面３ａの支持位置は、図８のようにころ大端面３ａが内輪１の大鍔面に接触する位置Ｐとしてある。
定盤８Ａ上には、ころ載置台９Ａの移動方向Ｘに対面して位置決め基準体１７Ａが設けられており、この位置決め基準体１７Ａところ載置台９Ａとの間に、これら位置決め基準体１７Ａところ載置台９Ａとの間隔を規制する２つのスペーサ１８Ａ，１Ａを介在させる。
【００２３】
ころ３の円すい面Ｓ３の測定に際しては、内輪１や外輪２の場合と同様に、ころ３の模範２３の円すい面Ｓ３_Ｍを測定し、変位計６の較正、例えば零点位置の調整を行う。模範２３の測定は、ころ載置台９Ａに載せて行う。
この後、模範２３に変えて、ころ３をころ載置台９Ａに載せ、変位計６によるころ３の円すい面Ｓ３の測定を行う。この測定は、内外輪の場合と同様に、２つのスペーサ１９Ａ，１９Ｂを介在させた状態、１つのスペーサ１９Ａだけを介在させた状態、およびスペーサの介在無しの状態で行う。これにより、ころ３の軸方向に離れた３か所、例えば両端付近と中央付近の測定を行う。この測定結果から、円すい面Ｓ３の角度、クラウニング量を求める。この場合に、ころ３の軸方向の支持位置は大端面３ａである。
円すいころ軸受において、各ころ３は内輪１の大鍔面と接触しながら転走するため、その接触点Ｐを基準とする形状精度が求められる。そのため、この接触点Ｐを基準として測定することで、動作上で必要な形状が、精度良く求められる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
この発明の円すい面形状測定方法は、円すいころ軸受の内輪、外輪、およびころのいずれかである被測定物の円すい面形状を測定する円すい面形状測定方法において、模範を用いて較正した同じ変位計を用い、被測定物を上記変位計の測定方向に対する直角方向でかつ被測定物の円すい面の母線に沿う方向に直線的に移動させて被測定物の複数箇所を測定するため、各部品の円すい面に必要な形状を、簡易にかつ低コストで精度良く測定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の第１の実施形態における円すいころ軸受の内輪の円すい面測定方法示す側面図である。
【図２】同測定方法の各測定過程を示す説明図である。
【図３】同測定方法に用いる治具および変位計の斜視図である。
【図４】この発明の他の実施形態における外輪の円すい面測定方法を示す破断側面図である。
【図５】この発明のさらに他の実施形態におけるころの円すい面測定方法を示す側面図である。
【図６】同測定方法における治具の全体の平面図である。
【図７】同測定方法における治具のＶブロックところの関係を示す正面図である。
【図８】被測定物である円すいころ軸受の部分断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…内輪（被測定物）
２…外輪（被測定物）
３…ころ（被測定物）
６…変位計
８…定盤
９…被測定物支持体
１７，１７Ａ…位置決め基準体
１８，１８′，１９，１９′…スペーサ
１８Ａ，１９Ａ…スペーサ
２１〜２３…模範
Ａ…被測定物支持面
Ｓ１〜Ｓ３…円すい面[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the shape of a conical surface of a tapered roller bearing for measuring a shape related to a conical angle, a diameter, a crowning amount, and the like of a conical surface of an inner ring, an outer ring, a roller, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A general three-dimensional shape measuring device is a three-dimensional shape measuring device, and a three-dimensional shape measuring device may be used as a method for measuring the conical surface shape of a tapered roller bearing with high accuracy. As a method of measuring the angle of the conical surface, the conical surface may be parallel to the stylus of the surface roughness meter using a sine bar of JIS B-7523, and the conical angle may be calculated from the measurement result of the bus bar shape. Further, there has been proposed a method of arranging an object to be measured so as to be inclined such that the generatrix of the conical surface is horizontal, and measuring the angle of inclination with a stylus gauge (for example, a description section of a conventional technique in Patent Document 1). . At each grinding site, the cone angle and the diameter of the cone surface are measured. The inner ring is measured using a dial gauge to measure the cone angle and diameter individually. The outer ring measures the cone angle and diameter simultaneously using an air micrometer.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-230816 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the three-dimensional shape measuring device and the surface roughness measuring device are precise measuring devices, it is necessary to control the vibration of the installation place, the atmosphere such as temperature and mist. Therefore, it cannot be used for the purpose of measuring the conical surface of the processed part near the grinder of the tapered roller bearing. At the processing site, since the cone angle and diameter of the inner ring are individually measured using a dial gauge, a plurality of measurement jigs are required, but there is no appropriate jig. The measurement of the rollers at the processing site is the same as that of the inner ring. Further, the tapered surface of the tapered roller bearing is crowned so as to have a smooth pressure distribution, but a method for measuring the crowning amount of the inner ring, the roller, and the outer ring at a processing site has not been established. In the method of the conventional example of Patent Document 1, the measurement is performed by moving the stylus gauge, but the movement lowers the measurement accuracy. In addition, a method of calibrating the stylus gauge has not been established.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to propose a method for measuring the shape of a conical surface of a tapered roller bearing, which can easily and accurately measure a shape required for a conical surface of each component at low cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for measuring the tapered surface shape of a tapered roller bearing of the present invention is based on an example in the method for measuring the tapered surface shape of an object to be measured which is one of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a roller of a tapered roller bearing. Using the same calibrated displacement meter, the object to be measured is moved linearly in a direction perpendicular to the measuring direction of the displacement meter and in a direction along the generatrix of the conical surface of the object to be measured to measure a plurality of points on the object to be measured. Is the way.
According to this method, the object to be measured is moved linearly in a direction perpendicular to the measuring direction of the displacement meter and in a direction along the generatrix of the conical surface of the object to be measured, and the tapered roller is used to measure a plurality of points of the object to be measured. The diameter at any axial position on the conical surface of the bearing component can be measured. Diameter dimensions can be measured by relative comparison with the above example. In addition, since the object to be measured is moved, the measurement can be performed with simple equipment and with higher accuracy than when the displacement meter is moved and measured. Since the same displacement meter calibrated using the model is used for the measurement at the plurality of locations, more accurate measurement can be performed. Since measurement can be performed with such simple equipment, the present invention can also be applied to an application for measuring a conical surface of a processed part near a grinding machine.
[0007]
In the method of the present invention, measurements are made at three locations on the conical surface of the object to be measured, which are separated in the direction of the movement, and the cone angle is determined from the measurement results at two locations at both ends, and crowning is determined from the three measurement results. The quantity may be determined.
In this case, it is possible to obtain both the cone angle and the crowning amount, which are the shapes required for the conical surface of each component, with a small number of measurement points of three.
[0008]
In the present invention, when the object to be measured is an inner ring, it is preferable to measure the conical surface with reference to the end face on the large diameter side of the inner ring.
Since the reference surface at the time of grinding the conical surface of the inner ring is the end surface on the large diameter side, by measuring the conical surface with reference to the end surface on the large diameter side, it is easy to reflect the measurement result on the grinding process.
[0009]
When the object to be measured is an outer ring, it is preferable to measure the conical surface with reference to the end surface on the smaller diameter side of the outer ring.
Since the reference surface at the time of grinding the conical surface of the outer ring is the end surface on the small diameter side, measuring the conical surface with reference to the small diameter side end surface makes it easy to reflect the measurement result on the grinding process.
[0010]
When the object to be measured is a roller, it is preferable to measure the conical surface on the basis of the contact point of the large end surface of the roller with the inner ring large flange surface.
In a tapered roller bearing, since each roller rolls while being in contact with the inner ring large flange surface, a shape accuracy based on the contact point is required. Therefore, by measuring the contact point as a reference, the shape required for the operation can be obtained with high accuracy.
[0011]
In the present invention, when the object to be measured is an inner ring or an outer ring, the jig for supporting the object to be measured includes, for example, a platen and an inclined object support surface that makes an end surface of the object to be contacted. An object support part movably mounted on the surface plate in a direction along a projection line of a normal line of the object support surface, and the fixed part facing the movement direction of the object support part; A positioning reference body provided on a board, and a plurality of spacers interposed between the positioning reference body and the DUT support part to regulate a distance between the positioning reference body and the DUT support part. Use the provided jig. In this case, the measurement of the conical surface of the object to be measured by the displacement meter is performed with the number of intervening spacers being variously changed.
With this, when measuring a plurality of locations for each of a large number of inner races or outer races, for example, at three locations near both ends and near the center, measurement at a fixed axial position can be always performed only by changing the number of intervening spacers. Measurement can be performed with high working efficiency.
[0012]
In the present invention, when the object to be measured is a roller, for example, a jig for supporting the object to be measured is, for example, a surface plate, and the jig is mounted on the surface plate so as to be movable in a linear direction. A roller mounting table on which the rollers are mounted so that the center is parallel to the linear direction and the uppermost generatrix of the conical surface is parallel to the upper surface of the surface plate; and a roller provided on the roller mounting table and in contact with an end face of the rollers. End support, a positioning reference body provided on the surface plate facing the moving direction of the roller mounting table, and the positioning reference body interposed between the positioning reference body and the roller mounting table. A jig provided with a plurality of spacers for regulating the distance from the roller mounting table is used. In this case, the measurement of the conical surface of the object to be measured by the displacement meter is performed with the number of intervening spacers being variously changed.
With this, when measuring a plurality of locations for each of a large number of rollers, for example, three locations near both ends and near the center, measurement can always be performed at a fixed axial position only by changing the number of intervening spacers. Measurement can be performed with high work efficiency.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is an example in which the object to be measured is an inner ring of a tapered roller bearing. As shown in FIG. 8, for example, a tapered roller bearing has a plurality of tapered rollers 3 interposed between an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 along a circumferential direction. Each roller 3 is held by a holder 4. The inner ring 1 has a conical surface S1 at an outer diameter surface portion serving as a rolling surface, and has a large flange 1a and a small flange 1b at both ends. The outer ring 2 has a conical surface S2 with an inner diameter surface serving as a rolling surface. The outer peripheral surface of the roller 3 is a conical surface S3.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, this measuring method is a method for measuring the conical surface S1 of the inner ring 1. A plurality of points on the inner ring cone surface S1 are measured by linearly moving in the direction along the axis. From the measurement results at the plurality of locations, a conical surface shape such as a taper angle and a crowning height is obtained. For example, a dial gauge is used for the displacement meter 6. An electric micrometer may be used for the displacement meter 6 in addition to the above. The measuring direction Z of the displacement meter 6 is the direction of the displacement or length to be measured.
[0015]
The inner ring 1, which is an object to be measured, is supported by the following jig 7. The jig 7 includes a surface plate 8 and an object-to-be-measured part 9 installed on the surface plate 8. As shown in FIG. 3, the displacement gauge 6 is mounted on a support 16 erected on the surface plate 8 via a fixture 16a so as to be freely adjustable in height. The DUT support component 9 has a tilted DUT support surface A that makes the end surface of the inner ring 1 abut, and a direction along the projection line b of the normal B of the DUT support surface A on the surface plate 8. It is installed movably on X. In order to ensure the accuracy of this movement, the DUT support component 9 is movable along a guide 10 fixed on the surface plate 8. The device under test support 9 has an angle change fixing unit 11 that makes the tilt angle of the device support surface A variable. The angle change fixing means 11 supports the support plate 12 constituting the measured object support surface A on the support component main body 9a so as to be tiltable around the support shaft 13 on both lower ends, and is provided on both left and right ends of the support component main body 13. It can be fixed to the standing side plate 9b with a stopper 14. The stopper 14 is a set screw that penetrates an arc-shaped hole 15 provided in the side plate 9b, and is screwed into a screw hole (not shown) on the end face of the support plate 12. Therefore, the angle of the support plate 12 can be freely changed by loosening the tightening of the stopper 14, and when the stopper 14 is tightened, the inclination angle θ (FIG. 1) of the support plate 12 is fixed. The support plate 12 has a support piece 12a that receives the inner diameter surface of the inner ring 1 and supports the inner ring 1 in a state of being in contact with the support surface A of the workpiece.
[0016]
A positioning reference body 17 is fixed on the surface plate 8 so as to face the moving direction of the DUT support component 9, and a distance between the positioning reference body 17 and the DUT support component 9 is set. Two regulating spacers 18 and 19 are interposed. Since the displacement gauge 6 is installed on the surface plate 8 via the column 16 as described above, the position of the workpiece support surface S1 with respect to the displacement gauge 6 depends on the distance between the workpiece support component 9 and the positioning reference body 17. Will be adjusted. It is assumed that the positioning reference body 17 has a degree of parallelism with the workpiece support component 9. In this embodiment, the positioning reference body 17 is made of a component integrated with the guide 10.
[0017]
A measuring method using the jig 7 having the above configuration will be described. Prior to the measurement of the inner ring 1, the displacement meter 6 is calibrated by measuring the model 21 of the inner ring 1. The model 21 is, for example, a component that is accurately formed in the same shape as the inner ring 1. The measurement of the model 21 is performed by installing the jig 7 in the same manner as the measurement of the inner ring 1. Since the reference surface of the inner ring 1 which is the object to be measured is the large-diameter end surface when the conical surface S1 is ground, the model 21 also uses the large-diameter side end surface as the reference surface when adjusting the angle of the object-supporting part 9. , assuming no indication scale displacement meter 6 set at a right angle conical surface S1 _M the measuring direction of the displacement meter 6.
[0018]
The deviation δ from the model 21 can be measured by replacing the inner ring 1 of the tapered roller bearing with the model 21 and reading the measurement value of the displacement meter 6. Since the inclination angle θ of the support surface 9a is known, the correction value of the diameter of the inner ring 1 is δcos θ.
In order to determine the cone angle of the inner ring 1, it is necessary to measure the diameter at two axial positions. In addition, it is necessary to measure the diameter of the maximum crowning height position in order to measure the crowning amount. The spacers 18 and 19 are prepared to move the distance in the axial direction, and the spacers 18 and 19 are sandwiched between the workpiece support part 9 and the positioning reference body 17. At this time, the diameter of the preset measurement position on the small diameter side of the conical surface S1 is measured relative to the model 21 by the displacement meter 6 (FIG. 2A).
Next, the spacer 19 is removed, the object-to-be-measured part 9 is moved toward the positioning reference body 17, the spacer 18 is sandwiched, and the diameter of the crowning position is measured by the displacement meter 6 (FIG. 2B). The thickness of the spacer 9 is set to be equal to the distance between the small-diameter side measurement position and the position where the crowning amount is maximized from the viewpoint of design or experience.
Finally, the spacer 19 is removed, the object-to-be-measured part 9 is moved toward the positioning reference body 17 and brought into contact therewith, and the diameter of the conical surface S1 on the large diameter side is measured by the displacement meter 6.
[0019]
Here, assuming that the distance between the small-diameter position and the large-diameter position where the above measurement is performed on the tapered surface S1 is L and their diameters are D1 and D2, the cone angle α is tan α = (D2−D1) / 2L. Desired.
Further, assuming that the distance between the small diameter side position and the crowning position is L3 and the diameter of the crowning position is D3, the crowning amount h is obtained by h =＝ (d3− (D1 + D2) × (L3 / L)).
[0020]
According to the conical surface shape measuring method of this embodiment, the angle, diameter, and the amount of crowning of the conical surface S1 can be measured by using one displacement gauge 6 such as a dial gauge as described above. The shape function required for S1 can be measured at low cost.
[0021]
FIG. 4 shows a method of measuring the tapered surface S2 of the outer ring 2. The taper surface S2 of the outer ring 2 can be measured in the same manner as in the case of the inner ring 1 using the measurement jig 7 and the displacement meter 6 used for the inner ring 1. When measuring the tapered surface S2 of the outer ring 2, the displacement meter 6 is calibrated similarly to the case of the inner ring 1 using the model 22 in which the outer ring 2 is finished with high accuracy. Thereafter, the measurement of the tapered surface S2 of the outer ring 2 is performed. At the time of this measurement, as in the case of the measurement of the inner ring 1, a state where the two spacers 18 ′ and 19 ′ are interposed, a state where only one spacer 18 ′ is interposed, and a state where the spacer 18 ′ is interposed. , 19 'are measured without the intervention of the taper surface S2. As a result, the measurement is performed at the small-diameter side position, the middle crowning amount maximum position, and the large-diameter side position indicated by reference numerals (1) to (3) in FIG.
[0022]
FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 show a measuring method when the object to be measured is the roller 3. The jig 7A in this case has the following configuration. The displacement gauge 6 is installed on the base 8A via a support (not shown) in the same manner as when the inner ring 1 is measured.
The jig 7A includes a surface plate 8A, and a roller mounting table 9A mounted on the surface plate 8A so as to be movable in the linear direction X. The roller mounting table 9A mounts the rollers 3 so that the rollers 3 have their axes parallel to the linear direction X and the generatrix at the uppermost position of the conical surface S3 is parallel to the upper surface of the surface plate 8A. As a result, the generatrix of the roller cone S3 faces in a direction perpendicular to the measurement direction Z of the displacement gauge 6. The roller mounting table 9A has a movable table 31 movably installed on the surface plate 8A, and two V blocks 32a and 32b provided on the movable body 31. These V blocks 32a and 32b are arranged adjacent to each other with different height positions of the V grooves. Since the V-groove of each V-block 32a, 32b does not have a taper in the roller axis direction, the conical roller 3 is supported by the edge of the V-groove of each V-block 32a, 32 on the roller large end side. . The roller mounting table 9 </ b> A is provided with a roller end support 33 that is in contact with the large end surface 3 a of the roller 3 on the movable table 31 and determines the axial position of the roller 3. The roller 3 and the contact portion of the roller end support 33 are formed of ceramic balls 33a. The support position of the large end surface 3a of the roller 3 by the roller end support 33 is a position P at which the roller large end surface 3a contacts the large collar surface of the inner ring 1 as shown in FIG.
A positioning reference body 17A is provided on the surface plate 8A so as to face the moving direction X of the roller mounting table 9A. The positioning reference body 17A is mounted between the positioning reference body 17A and the mounting table 9A. Two spacers 18A and 1A for regulating the distance from the table 9A are interposed.
[0023]
In the measurement of the rollers 3 of the conical surface S3, as in the case of the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2, by measuring the conical surface S3 _M of rollers 3 of the model 23 performs displacement meter 6 calibration, for example, the adjustment of the zero point position. The measurement of the model 23 is performed on the roller mounting table 9A.
Thereafter, instead of the model 23, the roller 3 is mounted on the roller mounting table 9A, and the displacement meter 6 measures the conical surface S3 of the roller 3. This measurement is performed in a state where two spacers 19A and 19B are interposed, a state where only one spacer 19A is interposed, and a state where no spacer is interposed, as in the case of the inner and outer rings. Thereby, measurement is performed at three locations separated in the axial direction of the roller 3, for example, near both ends and near the center. From this measurement result, the angle of the conical surface S3 and the crowning amount are obtained. In this case, the axial support position of the roller 3 is the large end face 3a.
In the tapered roller bearing, since each roller 3 rolls while contacting the large flange surface of the inner ring 1, the shape accuracy based on the contact point P is required. Therefore, by measuring the contact point P as a reference, the shape required for operation can be obtained with high accuracy.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The conical surface shape measuring method of the present invention is the same as the conical surface shape measuring method for measuring the conical surface shape of an object to be measured which is one of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a roller of a tapered roller bearing, wherein the same displacement calibrated by using an example is used. In order to measure a plurality of points of the object to be measured by moving the object to be measured linearly in a direction perpendicular to the measurement direction of the displacement meter and in a direction along the bus line of the conical surface of the object to be measured using a gauge, The shape required for the conical surface can be easily and accurately measured at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a method for measuring a conical surface of an inner ring of a tapered roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing each measurement process of the measurement method.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a jig and a displacement meter used in the measurement method.
FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view showing a method for measuring a conical surface of an outer race in another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a method for measuring a conical surface of a roller according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the entire jig in the measurement method.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing the relationship between the V-blocks of the jig in the measurement method.
FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view of a tapered roller bearing which is an object to be measured.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Inner ring (measured object)
2: Outer ring (measured object)
3: Roller (measurement object)
6 Displacement gauge 8 Surface plate 9 Workpiece support 17, 17A Positioning reference bodies 18, 18 ', 19, 19' Spacers 18A, 19A Spacers 21 to 23 Model A Workpiece support surface S1 to S3: Conical surface

Claims

In the conical surface shape measuring method for measuring the conical surface shape of the object to be measured, which is one of the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rollers of the tapered roller bearing, the same displacement meter calibrated using an example is used, and the object to be measured is subjected to the above displacement. A method for measuring the shape of a tapered roller bearing, which measures a plurality of points on an object to be measured by linearly moving the object to be measured in a direction perpendicular to a measuring direction of the meter and along a generatrix of a surface of the object to be measured.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein three points on the conical surface of the object to be measured are measured away from each other in the direction of the movement, and a cone angle is obtained from two points on both ends of the measurement, and crowning is obtained from the three points. A tapered roller shape measurement method for tapered roller bearings to determine the amount.

3. The method for measuring the shape of a conical surface of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the object to be measured is an inner ring, and the conical surface is measured based on a large-diameter end surface of the inner ring.

3. The method for measuring the shape of a conical surface of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the object to be measured is an outer ring, and the conical surface is measured based on a small-diameter end surface of the outer ring.

3. The method for measuring the shape of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the object to be measured is a roller, and the tapered surface is measured based on a contact point of the large end surface of the roller with the inner ring large flange surface.

3. The object to be measured according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the object to be measured is an inner ring or an outer ring, and a jig for supporting the object to be measured is an inclined object to be brought into contact with a surface plate and an end surface of the object to be measured. An object support part having a support surface and movably installed on the surface plate in a direction along a projection line of a normal line of the object support surface, and facing the moving direction of the object support part A positioning reference body provided on the surface plate, and a plurality of positioning reference bodies interposed between the positioning reference body and the DUT to restrict the distance between the positioning reference body and the DUT. A conical surface shape measuring method of a tapered roller bearing, wherein the conical surface of the object to be measured is measured by the displacement meter while using a jig provided with the spacers and changing the number of intervening plural spacers.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the object to be measured is a roller, and a jig for supporting the object to be measured is provided on a surface plate, and is mounted on the surface plate so as to be movable in a linear direction. A roller mounting table on which the rollers are mounted such that the generatrix at the uppermost position of the conical surface is parallel to the linear direction and parallel to the upper surface of the surface plate; and a roller end provided on the roller mounting table and in contact with an end surface of the roller. A support, a positioning reference body provided on the surface plate facing the moving direction of the roller mounting table, and the positioning reference body interposed between the positioning reference body and the roller mounting table, and Using a jig provided with a plurality of spacers for regulating the distance from the roller mounting table, the displacement meter measures the conical surface of the object to be measured by the displacement meter while variously interposing the plurality of spacers. Measuring method of tapered surface of tapered roller bearing