JP2004340161A - Electromagnetic brake for forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electromagnetic brake for a forklift by which electromagnetic brake, slack adjustment can be carried out by a simple operation with a wheel mounted on a wheel shaft. <P>SOLUTION: The forklift comprises a coil fixed to a car frame side, a brake disk supported by the wheel side so as to advance and recede in the direction of the wheel axis, and a return spring for enforcing the brake disk in the direction for disengaging the brake. The forklift adopts the following technological means. The electromagnetic brake has a pin projecting from the end face of the brake disk on the outside of a car body, a pin hole which penetrates the wheel in the direction of the wheel axis and into which the pin is inserted, and an adjusting screw which is screwed into the pin hole from the outside of the car body and receives the tip end of the pin. The gap between the brake disk and the electromagnet in the released state of the brake can be adjusted by operating the adjusting screw from the outside of the car body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a forklift brake.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Forklifts are equipped with brakes that brake the driving wheels in order to brake the running of the forklifts. Recently, forklifts are provided with front wheel brakes that brake wheels other than the driving wheels, for example, front wheels of reach-type forklifts. It has become.
[0003]
The front wheel brakes are classified into mechanical brakes, hydraulic brakes, and electromagnetic brakes according to the operation method, and a control device when the electromagnetic brakes are employed is described in Patent Document 1 below.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-54891
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a forklift employing an electromagnetic brake, the gap between the brake member on the coil side and the brake disk gradually increases due to friction. When the gap becomes larger, the force to pull the amateur becomes weaker, and when the gap exceeds a certain value, it cannot be drawn. Further, when the coil is excited and the amateur is attracted, the collision noise between the metals increases as the gap increases. For this reason, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the brake member and the brake disc (hereinafter referred to as slack) when the brake is released. However, when adjusting, it is necessary to remove the wheel from the wheel shaft and perform slack adjustment, and it is very troublesome to attach and detach the wheel.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic brake for a forklift that can perform slack adjustment with a simple operation while a wheel is attached to a wheel shaft.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a wheel rotatably supported by a wheel shaft, a coil fixed to a base end portion of the wheel shaft, and a wheel shaft direction of the wheel. In a forklift electromagnetic brake provided with a brake disc supported so as to be capable of advancing and retreating and a return spring for urging the brake disc in the brake release direction, an adjustment pin hole penetrating in the axial direction through the hub fitted in the wheel And an adjustment pin that protrudes in the direction of the wheel axis from the anti-adsorption surface of the brake disc, and an adjustment screw is provided for inserting the adjustment pin into the adjustment pin hole and receiving the tip of the adjustment pin. Adopting a technical means characterized in that the distance between the brake disc and the electromagnet when the brake is released is adjusted by screwing a screw from the outside of the vehicle body. .
[0008]
According to this, since the slack can be adjusted by operating the adjusting screw from the outside of the vehicle body and the slack can be prevented from becoming large, the electromagnetic brake operates reliably, and the collision sound between metals during suction can be suppressed. Can do.
[0009]
In addition, this slack adjustment is performed by a simple operation such as using a screwdriver or the like to screw in the adjusting screw, bring the brake disk into contact with the brake member fixed to the coil, and then return the adjusting screw to the predetermined rotational screw. Can do. In addition, the slack adjustment can be directly performed from the side of the vehicle body side straddle arm without removing the vehicle body cover.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an observation hole penetrating in a wheel shaft direction through a hub fitted in the wheel, and an observation pin projecting in the wheel shaft direction from the anti-adsorption surface of the brake disk. The forklift electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein the technical means is characterized in that the observation pin is inserted into the observation hole.
[0011]
According to this, slack adjustment can be performed while visually recognizing the position of the tip of the observation pin that has entered the observation pin hole, and erroneous adjustment due to misunderstanding of the screw revolving speed of the adjustment screw can be prevented. .
[0012]
Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, the adjustment pin hole allows the adjustment pin to slide in the wheel axis direction, and the observation hole allows the observation pin to slide in the wheel shaft direction. Formed in a stepped hole having a small-diameter portion that is non-movably inserted in the wheel diameter direction and the wheel rotation direction, and a large-diameter portion that is concentrically connected to the outside of the vehicle body of the small-diameter portion; A technical means is adopted in which the return spring is inserted between the stepped surface of the observation hole and the adjustment pin or the distal end of the observation pin that has entered the large-diameter portion. A forklift electromagnetic brake according to claim 1 or 2.
[0013]
According to this, since the structure for slack adjustment and / or observation and the structure for brake release are integrated, the number of parts can be reduced, the structure of the electromagnetic brake is simple, the electromagnetic brake is small, and It becomes compact.
[0014]
Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the adjustment screw is formed of a resin, and includes a plug formed of a taper screw that is screwed to an outer end portion of the adjustment screw. The electromagnetic brake for a forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the technical means is characterized.
[0015]
According to this, by screwing the plug from the outside of the adjustment screw body after slack adjustment, the outside end portion of the adjustment screw is enlarged, and the adjustment screw is prevented from rotating. Can be prevented from being out of adjustment by being screwed or loosened.
[0016]
In addition, the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that, in order to achieve the above object, the adjustment pin and the adjustment pin hole are alternately provided at a plurality of positions at equal intervals in the wheel rotation direction. The electromagnetic brake for a forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the technical means is used.
[0017]
According to this, since slack adjustment can be performed at a plurality of locations at equal intervals in the wheel rotation direction, slack can be adjusted evenly in the wheel rotation direction.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a forklift front wheel rotation detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another main part of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. These are the perspective views of the forklift to which this invention is applied.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 4, the forklift to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied is called a reach-type forklift. In this forklift, the reach carriage 3 is attached to the left and right straddle arms 2 projecting forward of the vehicle body 1. The telescopic mast 4, the lift bracket 5, the tilt bar 6 and the fork 7 are supported so as to be able to advance and retreat.
[0020]
Here, the telescopic mast 4 is raised at the front end portion of the reach carriage 3, and supports the lift bracket 5 so as to be movable up and down. The lift bracket 5 supports the tilt bar 6 and the fork 7 in a tiltable manner.
[0021]
3 shows a half of the cross section passing through the axis XX of the front wheel shaft 11 and the axis of one observation pin 26a and a cross section perpendicular thereto, that is, the axis XX of the front wheel shaft 11. One half of the cross section passing through the axis of the observation pin 26b is shown vertically developed with the axis XX as a boundary. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. And a groove-shaped reach rail 8 that forms a part of the vehicle body frame and that opens to the inside of the vehicle body for guiding the advance and retreat of the reach carriage 3. It is rotatably supported via the wheel shaft 11.
[0022]
The front wheel shaft 11 is fixed to the reach rail 8 by welding, for example, and the front wheel 9 is externally fitted to the front wheel shaft 11 via an inner / outer bearing 13 fitted to the hub 12 and is prevented from being detached by a hub nut 14. Yes. A front wheel brake 10 composed of an electromagnetic brake is assembled between the front wheel 9 and the front wheel shaft 11.
[0023]
That is, the base end portion 15 of the front wheel shaft 11 is formed in a flange shape, and the electromagnet 17 of the front wheel brake 10 is fixed to the outer surface of the front wheel shaft 11 via the annular plate-like mounting plate 16. The electromagnet 17 is fixed to the outer surface of the mounting plate 16 and has an annular retainer ring 18 having a groove-shaped cross section that opens outward, a coil 20 inserted in a groove 19 of the retainer ring 18, The annular plate-shaped cover ring 21 that closes the outer surface of the groove 19, and as shown in FIG. 3, the mounting plate 16 is received on the outer surface of the base end portion 15 of the front wheel shaft 11. It is fixed to the base end portion 15 by four bolts 22.
[0024]
The brake disc 23 that constitutes the front wheel brake 10 together with the electromagnet 17 is formed in an annular plate disposed facing the retainer ring 18 and the cover ring 21, and is equidistant on the outer surface of the vehicle body in the wheel rotation direction. For example, an adjustment pin 26a and an observation pin 26b that are alternately arranged at four locations and protrude outward are provided.
[0025]
Corresponding to the adjustment pin 26a and the observation pin 26b, the hub 12 is provided with an adjustment pin hole 27a comprising a stepped hole in which the adjustment pin 26a or the observation pin 26b is fitted so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction. And an observation pin hole 27b are formed.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, the adjustment pin hole 27a includes a small-diameter portion 28a on the reach rail 8 side through which the adjustment pin 26a is inserted so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axle direction, and a large-diameter portion 29a continuous to the outside of the vehicle body. A return spring 32 is inserted between the stepped surface 30a and a washer 31 fixed to the tip of the adjustment pin 26a.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the observation pin hole 27b includes a small-diameter portion 28b on the reach rail 8 side through which the observation pin 26b is inserted so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axle direction, and a large-diameter portion 29b continuous to the outside of the vehicle body. The return spring 32 is inserted between the stepped surface 30b and the washer 31 fixed to the tip of the observation pin 26b.
[0028]
The adjustment pin 26a and the observation pin 26b are preferably inserted through the small-diameter portions 28a and 28b so that the movement in the wheel radial direction and the wheel rotation direction can be ignored.
[0029]
When the brake is released, the brake disc 23 is separated from the retainer ring 18 and the cover ring 21 by a predetermined distance (slack) by the elasticity of the return spring 32. When the brake is operated, the coil 20 is energized to form a magnetic field. Due to this magnetic force, the brake disk 23 is pressed against the outer end surfaces of the retainer ring 18 and the cover ring 21 against the elasticity of the return spring 32, and a braking force is obtained by friction caused by this pressing.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an adjustment screw 33 is screwed into each adjustment pin hole 27a that is 180 ° apart in the wheel rotation direction from the outside of the vehicle body, and the slack adjustment screw 33 connects the tip of the adjustment pin 26a. The slack is adjusted by adjusting the position to check.
[0031]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the adjusting screw 33. The adjusting screw 33 is made of an elastic body such as a synthetic resin. A slit groove 33a for inserting a tip of a minus driver, for example, and a taper are formed on the outer surface of the vehicle body. The taper screw hole 33b is recessed.
[0032]
The adjusting screw 33 is screwed into the adjusting pin hole 27a from the outside of the vehicle body, and is inserted into the sliding groove 33a from the outside of the vehicle body until the brake disk 23 comes into contact with the electromagnet 17.
[0033]
When the brake disk 23 comes into contact with the electromagnet 17 and the adjustment screw 33 cannot be screwed in, the minus driver is temporarily removed. For example, a pen having a pen tip whose tip diameter is larger than the gap between the observation pin 26b and the observation pin hole 27b is used. Then, for example, yellow or white paint is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the observation pin hole 27b, and the tip position of the observation pin 26b before the adjustment screw 33 is screwed back is recorded.
[0034]
Then, a slack adjustment is made accurately by inserting a flathead screwdriver into the slit groove 33a of the adjustment screw 33 and returning the adjustment screw 33 by a predetermined rotation while observing the tip position of the observation pin 26b in the observation pin hole 27b. The
[0035]
The screw return rotation number of the adjustment screw 33 is a number obtained by dividing a predetermined slack by the screw pitch of the adjustment screw 33, and is, for example, about one third or two rotations.
[0036]
As described above, according to this embodiment, the slack adjustment can be accurately performed by a very simple operation of inserting the screwdriver from the outside of the vehicle body and turning the adjusting screw 33 without removing the front wheel 9.
[0037]
Further, if slack adjustment is performed while observing the tip of the observation pin 26b in the observation pin hole 27b, it is possible to directly observe slack, and misadjustment by mistaking the screw revolving speed of the adjustment screw 33. Can be prevented.
[0038]
In particular, as described above, if the tip position of the observation pin 26b before unscrewing is recorded by painting, slack observation is facilitated and erroneous adjustment can be reliably prevented.
[0039]
Now, after the slack adjustment is completed in this manner, the flat head screwdriver is removed and the plug 34 made of a taper screw is screwed into the taper screw hole 33b of the adjustment screw 33. The surface is strongly pressed against the thread groove of the adjustment pin hole 27a, and its rotation is prevented. As a result, the adjustment screw 33 is surely prevented from being distorted due to traveling vibration or the like, which is deeply screwed or shallowly screwed out.
[0040]
However, the structure for preventing the adjustment screw 33 from rotating is not limited to this. For example, instead of the resin adjustment screw 33, an end surface such as a cross-shaped or * shape from the outside of the vehicle body of the adjustment screw 33 may be used. A structure using a metal adjustment screw in which a radial slit groove and a taper screw hole 33b are formed, a double nut structure in which a set nut is screwed into the adjustment pin hole 27a from the outside of the adjustment screw 33, and an adjustment screw 33 A resin sealing structure that fills the adjustment pin hole 27a with resin from the outside of the vehicle body may be employed. Further, an elastic body such as resin or rubber is locally embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment screw 33, and the elastic body is pressed against the screw hole by its own elasticity to prevent the adjustment screw 33 from rotating. May be received from the inner side of the vehicle body via an elastic body such as an O-ring to the inner peripheral portion of the adjustment pin hole 27a or the stepped surface 30a to prevent rotation.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the slack can be adjusted by operating the adjusting screw from the outside of the vehicle body, and the slack can be prevented from increasing. Works reliably and can suppress the collision sound between metals during suction. In addition, this slack adjustment is performed by a simple operation such as using a screwdriver or the like to screw in the adjusting screw, bring the brake disk into contact with the brake member fixed to the coil, and then return the adjusting screw to the predetermined rotational screw. be able to. Also, slack adjustment can be made directly from the side of the straddle arm on the side of the vehicle body without removing the vehicle body cover.
[0042]
According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, in addition to the effect obtained by the invention of claim 1, the position of the tip of the observation pin entering the observation pin hole is visually recognized. Slack adjustment can be performed, and an effect of preventing misadjustment by mistaking the screw revolving speed of the adjustment screw can be obtained.
[0043]
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3 of the present invention, in addition to the effect obtained by the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the structure for slack adjustment and / or observation and the structure for releasing the brake are provided. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, the structure of the electromagnetic brake can be simplified, and the electromagnetic brake can be made compact and compact.
[0044]
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 4 of the present invention, after adjusting the slack, by screwing the plug from the outside of the vehicle body of the adjustment screw, the outside end portion of the vehicle body of the adjustment screw is enlarged, and the adjustment screw can be rotated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an effect that the adjustment screw can be prevented from being distorted by being screwed or loosened due to running vibration or the like.
[0045]
In addition, according to the invention described in claim 5 of the present invention, since slack adjustment can be performed at a plurality of locations at equal intervals in the wheel rotation direction, slack can be adjusted evenly in the wheel rotation direction. The effect that it is possible can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a reach-type forklift to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Car body 8 Reach rail 9 Front wheel
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Front-wheel brake device 11 Front-wheel axis | shaft 12 Hub 16 Mounting plate 20 Coil 23 Brake disk 26a Adjustment pin 26b Observation pin 27a Adjustment pin hole 27b Observation pin hole 28a Small diameter part 28b Small diameter part 29a Large diameter part 29b Large diameter part 30a Stepped surface 30b Stepped surface 32 Return spring 34 Plug

Claims (5)

A wheel rotatably supported by a wheel shaft, a coil fixed to a base end portion of the wheel shaft, a brake disk supported so as to be able to advance and retreat in the wheel shaft direction of the wheel, and the brake disk attached in a brake releasing direction. Forklift electromagnetic brakes with return springs
An adjustment pin hole that penetrates the hub fitted in the wheel in the wheel axis direction and an adjustment pin that protrudes in the wheel shaft direction from the anti-adsorption surface of the brake disc, while the adjustment pin is inserted into the adjustment pin hole, An adjustment screw for receiving the tip of the adjustment pin is provided, and the distance between the brake disk and the electromagnet when the brake is released is adjusted by screwing the adjustment screw from the outside of the vehicle body. brake. An observation hole that penetrates the hub fitted in the wheel in the wheel axis direction and an observation pin that protrudes from the anti-adsorption surface of the brake disk in the wheel axis direction, while the observation pin is inserted into the observation hole. The electromagnetic brake for a forklift according to claim 1. The adjustment pin hole is inserted so that the adjustment pin can slide in the wheel axis direction, and the observation hole can be inserted in the wheel diameter direction and the wheel rotation direction so that the observation pin can slide in the wheel axis direction. And a stepped surface of the adjustment pin hole and the observation hole, and the large diameter portion. The electromagnetic brake for a forklift according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the return spring is inserted between a tip of the adjustment pin or the observation pin that is inserted into the forklift. The forklift electromagnetic brake according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adjustment screw is formed of a resin, and includes a plug made of a taper screw that is screwed to an outer end portion of the adjustment screw. . The forklift electromagnetic brake according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adjustment pin and the adjustment pin hole are alternately provided at a plurality of positions at equal intervals in a wheel rotation direction.

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