JP2004339777A - Skeleton structure of roof, and skeleton structure of wall surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a skeleton structure of a roof excellent in workability and cost and a skeleton structure of a wall face capable of securing a sufficient strength even in less member and reducing the processing of members to the minimum. <P>SOLUTION: The outside members 4 and the inside members 5 are assembled in an arched shape while subsequently crossing these members to construct a plurality of frame bodies 2. By connecting these frame bodies 2 with coupling members 3, a rigid skeleton structure can be obtained. This frame body 2 partitions a reference circle 1 by a plurality of fan-shapes 6 while considering the reference circle 1, the ends of the arcs 7 divided by the fan-shape 6 are alternately regulated with pints A, B, A, B, The outside members 4 are arranged following a chord connecting adjacent mutual point A, the inside members 5 are likewise arranged following a chord connecting adjacent mutual point B. A face formed of the frame body 2 and the coupling member 3 is used for the wall face 12 and the inclining face 11 of the roof to construct a building. The member such as the outside member 4 can be manufactured only by cutting marketable standardized product. Hence, time and cost can be spared. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a skeleton structure of a roof and a skeleton structure of a wall surface in a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing a building, the main components such as bases, pillars and beams are assembled, and then the walls and roofs are constructed sequentially. At this time, the configuration of pillars, walls, and the like are various, and are determined each time based on the size and performance of the building, the demands of the constructor, and the like. Taking the roof structure of a wooden house as an example, a purlin is arranged horizontally at the top of the roof, and a beam is arranged horizontally near the eaves, and multiple tarks are placed between the purlin and the beam. It is a common method to lay the tiles on the ground, laying a field board on the entire surface, and then placing the roof tiles.
[0003]
Structural materials such as beams and columns that make up the framework of the building are mutually connected in a lattice shape to ensure strength, and oppose their own weight and wind pressure. In the case of relatively small buildings such as ordinary houses, wood is used for the structural material, but in the case of larger buildings such as warehouses, halls and sports facilities, the strength of the wood may be insufficient, Glued lumber and steel frames are often used. Since it is difficult to process a steel frame at a construction site, the steel frame is brought to a site after being formed in a predetermined shape at a factory and assembled.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although members used for structural materials tend to have a large cross-sectional area to maintain strength, considering material costs and work during construction, it is desirable to maintain the strength and reduce the cross-sectional area as much as possible . Although it is possible to increase the strength by forming the member into a special shape such as an arch shape, in this case, it is necessary to process the member with high precision in advance, which is a major problem in terms of cost and time. The truss structure is also an effective means for securing the strength, but in this case also, the number of members used and the number of joints are large, and the problem is also great.
[0005]
Steel frames are difficult to process and are subject to dew condensation, and there are problems such as rusting due to aging.Also, glued glue made from wood has a short history since its practical use. The durability for a long period is unknown, and application to structural materials also has a problem in reliability. On the other hand, wood has a unique texture and can be expected to play a variety of roles, such as keeping heat and adjusting humidity, and has many advantages such as giving a restful impression. In order to maintain the forest, it is necessary to cut down the trees appropriately, and it is necessary to secure these consumers. In addition, wood has various environmental measures even after dismantling buildings, and is therefore excellent in terms of environmental measures. In order to respond to such demands, there has been a long-awaited need for a technology capable of converting buildings such as warehouses, halls, and sports facilities, which used to use steel frames or the like as structural materials, into wooden structures.
[0006]
The present invention has been developed on the basis of such a situation, and it is possible to secure sufficient strength even for members of the market standard size, and to minimize the processing of the members as well as to improve the workability and cost of the roof frame. It aims to provide the structure and the skeletal structure of the wall.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1, which overcomes the above-mentioned problem, relates to a skeletal structure for supporting a roof. First, a frame and a connecting member formed of a bar arranged to connect between the frames are provided. It is assumed that you have. Further, the frame body is composed of a pair of outer members facing each other in parallel, and an inner member arranged to intersect so as to be sandwiched from both sides by the pair of outer members.
[0008]
Assuming a reference circle, the frame body divides the reference circle into a plurality of sectors, and alternates the ends of the arc divided by the sectors into points A, B, A, and B. By stipulating, the outer member is arranged in accordance with the string connecting the adjacent points A, and the outer members adjacent to each other are joined together at the point A to form a string connecting the adjacent points B similarly. This is a structure in which the inner members are arranged following each other and the adjacent inner members are connected to each other with the point B as a boundary, and are assembled in an arch shape.
[0009]
A triangular space, which is a triangular space defined by the outer material and the inner material, is formed in the frame body assembled in this manner, and a connecting member is disposed so as to penetrate the triangular space. The body and the connecting member are connected to each other, and the frame is arranged at intervals along the connecting member, so that a plane defined by the frame and the connecting member is an inclined surface of the roof.
[0010]
Conventionally, the roof of a wooden house has a ridgeboard horizontally placed at the highest position in the center, and a slope that descends toward the eaves on both sides from here is formed. A field board is laid on this inclined surface, and a tile or the like is further placed thereon. The present invention is applied to a skeletal structure supporting the field board. The reference circle that determines the shape of the frame is a radius along the inclined surface of the roof, and the positions of points A and B that define the reference circle are determined based on the shape of the roof and the characteristics of the material used. Of course, since the reference circle follows the shape of the roof, it is not a continuous circle but an arc.
[0011]
Based on points A and B on the reference circle, the outer member and the inner member are cut to a predetermined length, but a tenon is not required to fix them, so special processing is required at the ends. But it can be dealt with only by simple cutting work. In addition to the wood, steel materials can also be used for the inner and outer members, but in general, wooden square bars are used, and for the outer members, two bars are used side by side. To reduce the width per line.
[0012]
When assembling the inner member and the outer member to construct the frame, the work is often performed by arranging the members on the ground in consideration of workability. In this case, first, one of the outer members is arranged at a predetermined position (a string connecting between adjacent points A) based on the design drawing, and the adjacent outer members are connected to each other with a plate or the like. Then, the inner member is arranged at a predetermined position (a chord connecting between adjacent points B) on the outer member. Each of the inner members intersects the outer member. At the intersection, the inner member and the outer member are connected by an L-shaped bracket or the like, and the adjacent inner members are also connected by a plate or the like. Finally, the outer members are arranged so as to sandwich the inner member, and are similarly connected to complete the frame.
[0013]
In the completed frame, the inner and outer members intersect in a zigzag pattern, forming a large number of triangular spaces divided into a plurality of triangular shapes. ing. The frame body assembled in this manner has a planar shape, and a plurality of the frame bodies are combined to form a skeleton structure. Therefore, at least two sets are used. The plurality of frames are arranged in parallel at an interval, and the connecting member penetrates a triangular space formed in the frames, and connects the frames. The frame and the connecting member are often connected by an L-shaped fitting.
[0014]
After the pillars and beams of the building are assembled, the frame structure of the roof according to the present invention and the connecting member are lifted by a crane and set in place, and the entire frame structure from the base to the roof is completed. . After this, surface structures such as roofs and walls will be constructed sequentially, but on the roof, placing small pillars or tarki on the frame or connecting material, laying a field board and placing tiles etc. Complete. Loads such as the roof's own weight and snow cover are intensively supported at both ends of the frame, and this portion may be reinforced in order to ensure strength. The material of the frame and the connecting member is not limited to wood.
[0015]
The roof frame structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which a plurality of frames are combined with a connecting member, can also be used as a wall frame structure by changing the arrangement of each member. The invention according to claim 2 relates to a skeletal structure that supports a wall surface, and is based on the premise that a frame body and a connecting member made of a bar arranged to connect between the frame bodies are provided. The point that the frame body is constituted by a pair of outer members facing in parallel and an inner member arranged to intersect so as to be sandwiched from both sides by the pair of outer members, There is no difference from the invention described in claim 1.
[0016]
Thereafter, similarly, the frame body defines the points A, B, A, and B alternately on the reference circle, and arranges the outer member along the chord connecting the adjacent points A, The outer members adjacent to each other at the point A are connected to each other, and the inner members are similarly arranged along the chord connecting the adjacent points B to each other, and the inner members adjacent to each other at the point B are connected to each other. And assembled into a ring.
[0017]
The frame formed in such an annular shape functions as a structural material that surrounds the periphery of the building. However, since the frame itself is planar and does not constitute the skeleton of the building, a plurality of frames are vertically aligned. In order to connect the frame members at a distance from each other, a connecting member is disposed so as to penetrate a triangular space formed between the outer member and the inner member. The connecting members are upright and function as pillars of the building.
[0018]
Once the skeletal structure is assembled, the space between the frame and the pillars (connecting material) is covered with a heat insulating board or the like, and the wall is completed by spraying or attaching a decorative board to the surface. Since the frame is annular, the present invention is mainly applied to a circular dome-shaped building, but the annular is not an essential condition, and there is no problem with a semicircular frame. Also in this case, the material of the frame and the connecting member is not limited to wood.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of members constituting a skeletal structure of a roof and a wall surface according to the present invention, and is arranged so as to be sandwiched between an outer member 4 made of two bars and an outer member 4. It is composed of an inner member 5 and a connecting member 3 that connects the frame 2 in which a plurality of outer members 4 and inner members 5 are connected. Each of the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 is composed of a plurality of bars, and the adjacent members are joined so that their ends are in surface contact, and can continuously transmit a load. Note that, in the outer member 4 in which two bars are arranged in parallel, the two bars facing each other have the same shape, and the arrangement positions are also the same.
[0020]
A point A which is a connection point between adjacent outer members 4 and a point B which is a connection point between adjacent inner members 5 are both ends of an arc 7 defined by the sector 6 in the reference circle 1. The outer member 4 is arranged so as to follow the chord connecting the point A of the reference circle 1, and the inner member 5 is similarly arranged so as to follow the chord connecting the point B of the reference circle 1. Since the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 have different phases with respect to the reference circle 1, a large number of triangular spaces 8, which are triangular spaces, are formed between both members. At the intersection of the outer member 4 and the inner member 5, the two members are connected to each other to increase the strength. In the drawing, both the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 are interrupted on the way, but are formed in a ring shape. There is also.
[0021]
Since the frame 2 alone is planar, a plurality of frames 2 are arranged and used in parallel, and a connecting member 3 is arranged to connect between the frames 2. The connecting member 3 is disposed so as to penetrate the triangular space 8 formed in the frame 2, and it is necessary to connect the connecting member 3 and the frame 2 by some means. The connecting member 3 is desirably connected to all the members constituting the triangular space 8, but can be omitted if the structure is difficult. However, there are some places where the frame 2 and the connecting member 3 cannot be brought into surface contact due to an angle relationship, and there is a case where a cutout is provided in a part of the member to combine them. It is not necessary to arrange the connecting members 3 in all of the plurality of triangular spaces 8 and can be omitted if there is no problem in strength.
[0022]
FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a skeleton structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a front view, which conforms to the structure shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2B, in the present invention, the reference circle 1 is divided by a plurality of sectors 6, and the end points of the arc 7 divided by the sectors 6 are defined as a point A, a point B, a point A, and a point B in this order. Then, the outer member 4 is arranged following the string connecting the adjacent points A, and the inner member 5 is similarly arranged following the string connecting the adjacent points B. As shown in FIG. 2A, the outer member 4 is arranged so as to sandwich the inner member 5, and two sets of frame members 2 arranged in parallel are connected by a plurality of connecting members 3. Constructs a skeletal structure. In order to equalize the strength of the outer member 4 and the inner member 5, the cross-sectional area of a pair of outer members 4 composed of two bars is often equal to the cross-sectional area of one inner member 5.
[0023]
FIG. 3 shows a case in which the skeletal structure according to the present invention is applied to a roof. FIG. 3 (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 3 (B) is a front view. As shown in the front view, at both ends of the building, columns 9 stand upright from the ground, and beams 10 are placed horizontally on the upper portions of the columns 9. The skeletal structure to which the frame 2 is connected receives the load of the entire roof with the upper surfaces of the beams 10 on both sides as fulcrums, and the other intermediate parts are not supported at all. In addition, as shown in the figure, the both ends of the frame 2 are provided with auxiliary columns 15 in consideration of the connection with the beam 10, and thus, in actual construction, the design is performed in consideration of the relationship with other parts. Is performed.
[0024]
The outer member 4 is disposed obliquely from the center toward the beams 10 at both ends, and three sets of the inner member 5 are used in one set of the frame 2. One of the sets is an inner member 5a horizontally arranged at the center, and inner members 5b are arranged obliquely at both ends of the inner member 5a. The connection between the inner member 5a and the inner member 5b is configured such that the direction in which the load acts is constant by gravity, so that the bottom surface of the inner member 5a is supported by the upper end surface of the inner member 5b. Small pillars 16 are placed on the frame body 2 shown in the figure, and tarks 17 are arranged in an oblique direction from the small pillars 16, and when a field board 18 is laid thereon, the slope 11 of the roof is completed. In the drawing, the inclined surface 11 of the roof has a two-stage structure with a step in the middle, but this structure is freely determined each time.
[0025]
The skeletal structure shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to structures other than the roof structure. The skeletal structure can be used as a skeletal structure of the wall surface 12 by changing the posture of the frame body 2 and arranging it horizontally. It is shown in FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is a front view. The frame 2 has both the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 assembled in a hexagonal shape, and is connected between two frame members 2 arranged at a distance vertically by a connecting member 3 functioning as a pillar 9. ing. When the surface defined by the frame 2 and the connecting member 3 is covered with a heat insulating board or the like and the wall surface 12 is formed, the inside of the frame 2 is secured as an indoor space.
[0026]
The outer member 4, the inner member 5, and the connecting member 3 need to have a high rigidity by firmly connecting the points where the members are connected or intersecting with each other. For this reason, it is necessary to adjust the cutting angle at the end of the boundary between the adjacent outer members 4 and between the inner members 5 so that they can make surface contact with each other. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a method of connecting the respective members. The connecting between the adjacent outer members 4 and the inner members 5 can be combined by providing a tenon, but the plate 13 is usually used for labor saving. I do. A plurality of holes are provided on the surface of the plate 13, and nails or the like are driven into the holes to connect the members.
[0027]
Regarding the connection between the frame 2 and the connecting member 3, the plate 13 cannot be used because both are orthogonal to each other, and an L-shaped fitting 14 is used instead. However, since some surfaces between the members forming the triangular space 8 and the connecting member 3 are in line contact with each other, a wedge-shaped inclusion is inserted to fill the gap, or the frame 2 or the connecting member 3 is connected. In some cases, a notch is provided in a part of 3 and fitting is performed. Although not shown in the drawing, the plate 13 and the metal fitting 14 are symmetrically attached to both sides.
[0028]
In the present invention, the number of reference circles 1 is basically one in one frame 2, but a plurality of reference circles 1 may be exceptionally used for design reasons such as interaction with other parts. Further, it is not necessary to make all the chord lengths of the points A adjacent to each other or the points B adjacent to each other on the reference circle 1 constant, and they may be changed exceptionally. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the frame 2 is configured by using a plurality of reference circles 1, and each of the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 has a different length for each member. However, even in such a form, the intersection between the outer member 4 and the inner member 5 is maintained.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the skeleton structure of the roof can be constituted by a frame having high rigidity, the distance between the fulcrums of the roof can be increased, and in a building larger than a general house such as a physical education facility. Also, it is possible to use wood of market standard dimensions for the skeletal structure, which saves material costs, and when connecting members, simple parts such as plates can be used, so there is no need to install a tenon, etc. Time and costs can be saved during assembly and assembly.
[0030]
According to the invention as set forth in claim 2, since the skeletal structure of the wall surface can be configured with a frame having high rigidity, the strength of the building can be improved, and particularly, the strength against the load acting in the circumferential direction of the frame is high, It can also strongly resist loads and couples transmitted from the roof. As in the first aspect, material costs can be saved, and time and cost can be saved in processing and assembly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of members constituting a skeleton structure of a roof and a wall according to the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B schematically show a skeleton structure according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a front view.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a case where a skeletal structure according to the present invention is applied to a roof, where FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a front view.
4A and 4B show a case where the skeletal structure according to the present invention is applied to a wall surface, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a front view.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a method of connecting each member such as an outer member.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where a plurality of reference circles are used for one frame.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 reference circle 2 frame 3 connecting member 4 outer member 5, 5 a, 5 b inner member 6 sector 7 arc 8 triangular space 9 pillar 10 beam 11 inclined surface 12 wall 13 plate 14 metal fittings 15 auxiliary pillar 16 small pillar 17 tarky 18

Claims (2)

A frame (2), and a connecting member (3) made of a bar arranged to connect between the frames (2);
The frame body (2) includes a pair of outer members (4) opposed in parallel and an inner member (5) disposed to intersect so as to be sandwiched from both sides by the pair of outer members (4). , Consisting of
Furthermore, assuming a reference circle (1), the frame (2) divides the reference circle (1) into a plurality of sectors (6), and forms an arc (7) divided by the sectors (6). The end portions are alternately defined as points A, B, A, and B, and the outer member (4) is arranged along the chord connecting the adjacent points A, and is adjacent to the point A as a boundary. The outer members (4) are connected to each other, the inner member (5) is similarly arranged following the chord connecting the adjacent points B, and the adjacent inner members (5) are connected to each other at the point B. It is a configuration that is assembled in an arch shape by combining
The frame (2) has a triangular space (8), which is a triangular space defined by the outer member (4) and the inner member (5), and penetrates the triangular space (8). The connecting member (3) is arranged as described above, and the frame (2) and the connecting member (3) are mutually connected,
By arranging the frame body (2) at intervals along the connecting member (3), a plane defined by the frame body (2) and the connecting member (3) is used as the inclined surface (11) of the roof. A skeletal structure of a roof characterized by that. A frame (2), and a connecting member (3) made of a bar arranged to connect between the frames (2);
The frame body (2) includes a pair of outer members (4) opposed in parallel and an inner member (5) disposed to intersect so as to be sandwiched from both sides by the pair of outer members (4). , Consisting of
Furthermore, assuming a reference circle (1), the frame (2) divides the reference circle (1) into a plurality of sectors (6), and forms an arc (7) divided by the sectors (6). The end portions are alternately defined as points A, B, A, and B, and the outer member (4) is arranged along the chord connecting the adjacent points A, and is adjacent to the point A as a boundary. The outer members (4) are connected to each other, the inner member (5) is similarly arranged following the chord connecting the adjacent points B, and the adjacent inner members (5) are connected to each other at the point B. It is a configuration assembled in a ring by joining to
The frame (2) has a triangular space (8), which is a triangular space defined by the outer member (4) and the inner member (5), and penetrates the triangular space (8). The connecting member (3) is arranged as described above, and the frame (2) and the connecting member (3) are mutually connected,
By arranging the frame body (2) at intervals along the connecting member (3), the connecting member (3) serves as an upright pillar (9), and the frame body (2) and the connecting member (3). The skeletal structure of the wall surface, wherein the plane defined by the above is a wall surface (12).

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