JP2004338090A - Method and device for loading/unloading lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten time for loading and unloading. <P>SOLUTION: A workpiece W is unloaded from a main spindle 2 during its movement by moving the main spindle 2 in the direction orthogonal to an axial center after the finish of working in the lathe of main spindle movement type. Furthermore, the workpiece W is loaded on the main spindle 2 at a moved position. Unloading is carried out by extruding the workpiece W with an extruding means provided in a main spindle 2a or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for loading / unloading a spindle moving type lathe.

  In loading of lathe processing, it is important how quickly and stably the work is attached and detached. In many lathes, the main spindle is fixed in position and a tool post such as a turret is moved in many cases. When a loading device is provided in such a lathe with a fixed main spindle, in order to avoid interference of each part, for example, FIG. Loading and unloading are performed by the operations shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when the processing of the work W held by the chuck of the spindle 51 is completed, the tool rest 52 made of a turret is retracted (B), and then the loading operation by the loader 53 is started. The loader 53 has two loader chucks 54 lined up and down. After descending forward of the main shaft 51 (C), the loader 53 moves forward and grips the processed work W with the lower loader chuck 54 (D). And retreat and unload (E). Thereafter, the loader 53 is lowered (F), and the unprocessed work W previously held by the upper loader chuck 54 is moved forward and loaded on the main shaft 51 (G). Next, the loader 53 is retracted (H), the loader 53 is retracted upward (I), and the processing is started (J).

As described above, in the above-described conventional example, loading and unloading are performed at one location because the position of the main shaft 51 is fixed. At this time, in order to avoid interference between the loader 53 and the tool post 52, the tool post is used. 52 requires time to retract (B). In addition, a lowering operation of the loader 53 or the like is required before the transition from unloading to loading. Because of these times, the time required for unloading and loading becomes longer, and the cycle time becomes longer.
Conventionally, there is a lathe with a movable spindle, but a lathe with a movable spindle also moves to a loading / unloading position and performs loading and unloading at that position. The time required for loading is longer.

An object of the present invention is to save time for avoiding interference between a tool rest and a loader, and to save time when moving from unloading to loading, thereby shortening a loading / unloading time.
Another object of the present invention is to simplify a loading / unloading device.

In the loading / unloading method of the present invention, in a spindle moving type lathe, after machining is completed, the spindle is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis, the workpiece is unloaded during the movement, and the workpiece is further moved at the moved position. This is a method of loading a work on the spindle. The unloading is performed by, for example, extruding the work with an extruding means provided on the spindle chuck. The loading may be performed while rotating the main shaft while rotating the work synchronously with the rotation of the main shaft.
Since the unloading is performed during the movement by using the movement of the spindle, there is no need to wait for the completion of the retreat operation of the tool post, and the time required to shift from unloading to loading is reduced. Further, the tool post, the loading / unloading means, and the spindle can operate independently and can operate in parallel, so that the loading / unloading time is also reduced. In addition, the loading / unloading means does not need to be a complicated one having both functions, but can be performed by a single operation, and the apparatus can be simplified.
When unloading is performed by extruding the workpiece with the pushing means provided on the spindle chuck, the operation time for moving the chuck of the conventional loader device forward and backward is not required, and the unloading time is further reduced. Is done. When the work is pushed out from the main spindle in this way, it is desirable to receive the extruded work through a work discharge path such as a chute.However, since unloading is performed during movement of the main spindle, it is different from unloading at the machining position. The work discharge path does not hinder processing.
In the case where the loading is performed while rotating the work with the rotation of the spindle while the spindle is rotated, the rotation of the spindle does not need to be interrupted, and the rotation is stabilized.

A loading / unloading device according to the present invention is a spindle moving type lathe in which a spindle can be moved in a direction orthogonal to an axis, from a machining position of the spindle corresponding to a tool post, to a position separated in the orthogonal direction. A work discharge path for receiving and discharging a work unloaded from the main spindle, a loader for loading the work on the main spindle is provided at a position distant in the orthogonal direction, and a means for pushing the work to a chuck of the main spindle. Is provided.
According to this apparatus, the above-described loading / unloading method can be favorably performed, and the configuration is simplified.

According to the loading / unloading method of the present invention, the unloading is performed during the movement of the spindle, and the movement is performed to perform the loading. Therefore, the time required for loading and unloading is reduced, and the cycle time is reduced. Further, the loading / unloading device can be simplified.
When the unloading is performed by the pushing means provided on the chuck of the spindle, the unloading time can be further reduced.
When the loading is performed while rotating the work synchronously with the rotation of the spindle while the spindle is rotated, the rotation of the spindle is stabilized.
In the loading / unloading device of the present invention, in a spindle moving type lathe, a work discharge path for receiving and discharging a processed work is provided at a position distant from a processing position, and a loader is disposed at a position further distant from the lathe.・ The unloading time can be reduced, and the apparatus can be simplified.

  One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the loading / unloading device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. The lathe 1 is a turret lathe with a movable spindle, and the spindle 2 is mounted on a movable headstock 3. The headstock 3 is mounted on a bed 4 via a guide 18 via a guide 18 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (spindle axis direction) Y, and a headstock base 3a on a guide 19 formed on the headstock base 3a. And a headstock body 3b movably installed in a direction (a direction orthogonal to the spindle) X. The headstock base 3a and the headstock body 3b are driven forward and backward by forward and backward driving devices 6a and 6b via feed screws 5a and 5b such as ball screws, respectively. The main spindle 2 has a main spindle chuck 2a at the main spindle end, and the main spindle chuck 2a is provided with a work pushing-out means 7 for pushing the gripped work W when the chuck is opened. The work pushing means 7 may be a means for pushing and urging with a spring member or a means for pushing with a hydraulic or other driving device. The work W is formed, for example, in a ring shape as an outer ring of a rolling bearing, or in a disk shape or a short round bar shape.

  The tool rest 8 has a fixed position, is composed of a turret arranged in a direction facing the main shaft 2, and has a number of tools 9 such as cutting tools mounted around the tool rest. The turret type tool rest 8 is rotatably supported by a turret support 10 via a turret bar 11, and an arbitrary tool 9 can be selected by indexing rotation. Feeding and cutting for processing the work W are performed by moving the headstock 3 in the Y direction and the X direction. Note that the tool rest 8 may be capable of moving back and forth in the axial direction (Y direction).

The loading / unloading device 12 includes a loader 13, a work discharge path 14, a work pushing means 7 of the spindle chuck 2a, and a work supply path 15. The workpiece discharge path 14 is provided at an unloading position P2 that is separated from the processing position P1 corresponding to the tool rest 8 of the main spindle 2 in the orthogonal direction X, and the loader 13 is provided at a loading position P3 that is slightly further away.
The work discharge path 14 includes a movable receiving stand 14a, a chute 14b (FIG. 1E), and a pushing-down means 14c. The movable receiving table 14a can be moved back and forth from a work receiving position indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 3 to a retracted position indicated by a solid line by an advance / retreat driving device 16 such as a cylinder device. Is located below the movement path of the work W that has been performed. The push-down means 14c pushes the work W on the movable receiving table 14a down to the chute 14b. In addition, the work discharge path 14 may be simply configured as a single chute or conveyor.

The loader 13 includes a loader main body 13a including a chuck for gripping the ring-shaped work W in a state of being stretched on the inner diameter surface, a motor for rotating the chuck, and a loader advance / retreat device 13b for moving the loader main body 13a forward / backward. The loader advance / retreat device 13b is a guide means for guiding the loader main body 13a forward / backward in the front-rear direction Y and a drive source for forward / backward drive via a feed screw such as a ball screw. The work supply path 15 is a supply path for supplying the work W to the position of the loader chuck in a state in which the work W is retracted, and includes a chute or the like on which the work W can be rolled.
The range from the processing position P1 to the loading position P3 is covered by a machine cover 20 indicated by a chain line in FIG. The lathe 1 and the loading / unloading device 12 are controlled by an NC device or the like, and are automatically operated.

Next, a loading / unloading method will be described with reference to FIG. When the processing of the work W held by the chuck 2a of the spindle 2 is completed (FIG. 1A), the spindle 2 is moved together with the headstock 3 in the orthogonal direction X (B), and unloading and loading are started. At this time, the loading / unloading device 12 is operating, and when the spindle 2 moves to the unloading position P2, the chuck 2a of the spindle 2 is opened and the work W is pushed out by the pushing means 7 of the chuck 2a, ie, the work W Kicking off and completing unloading (C). The movable receiving base 14a of the work discharge path 14 advances to the position indicated by the dashed line with the start of the movement of the main shaft 2, and stands by. The work W extruded from the main shaft 2 is received by a movable receiving stand 14 a of the work discharge path 14.
During the unloading, the spindle 2 continues to move without stopping. When the spindle 2 moves to the loading position P3, the spindle 2 stops moving and the loader 13 advances to perform loading (D). The loading is performed while rotating the work W synchronously with the rotation of the main shaft 2 while the main shaft 2 is being rotated.

When the loading is completed, the spindle 2 returns to the processing position P1 (E), and the loading / unloading device 12 discharges the work W on the work cradle 14a to the chute 14b by means of pushing down means 14c. Thereafter, the processing of the work W of the spindle 2 is started, and the loader 13 sets the next work W. That is, the next work W supplied from the work supply path 15 is gripped by the loader chuck.
According to this loading / unloading method, the movement of the spindle 2 is used in this way, and the unloading is performed during the movement, so that there is no need to wait for the completion of the retreat operation of the tool post 8, and the unloading operation is stopped. The time required for loading is reduced. Further, since the tool rest 8, the loading / unloading device 12, and the main shaft 2 can operate independently and can operate in parallel, the loading / unloading time is also reduced. In addition, the loading / unloading means does not need to be a complicated one having both functions, but can be performed by a single operation, and the apparatus can be simplified.

It is a process explanatory view of a loading / unloading method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the loading / unloading device of the lathe. It is a top view of the loading / unloading apparatus. It is a process explanatory view of a conventional example.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lathe 2 ... Spindle 3 ... Headstock 7 ... Extrusion means 8 ... Tool post 12 ... Loading / unloading device,
13 Loader 14 Work discharge path 15 Work supply path P1 Processing position P2 Unloading position P3 Loading position

Claims (4)

  In a spindle moving type lathe, after machining, the spindle is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis, the workpiece is unloaded from the spindle during the movement, and the workpiece is loaded on the spindle at the moved position. Unloading method.   2. The lathe loading / unloading method according to claim 1, wherein the unloading is performed by an extruding means provided on a chuck of the spindle.   2. The lathe loading / unloading method according to claim 1, wherein the loading is performed while rotating the workpiece synchronously with the rotation of the spindle while the spindle is rotated.   In a spindle moving type lathe in which a spindle can be moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis, a workpiece unloaded from the spindle is separated from the machining position of the spindle corresponding to a tool post by a distance in the orthogonal direction. Loading / unloading of a lathe provided with a workpiece discharge path for receiving and discharging, further provided with a loader for loading a workpiece on the spindle at a position separated in the orthogonal direction, and provided with means for pushing the workpiece on a chuck of the spindle. apparatus.

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