JP2004332826A - Gearing device and undercarriage for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gearing device for a railway vehicle and an undercarriage for the railway vehicle mounting the gearing device capable of being further improved for durability and reliability in a bearing. <P>SOLUTION: The gearing device for the railway vehicle is a gearing device 11 used for the driving device of the railway vehicle. A pinion 13 coaxially attached to a rotating shaft of a motor and secured to the rotating shaft, a gear wheel 14 engaged with the pinion 13 to transmit the rotation of the motor, and an axle shaft 15 coaxially attached to the gear wheel 14 and secured to the gear wheel 14, are provided in a gear case 12. The pinion 13 and the gear wheel 14 are made double helical gears 13b and 14b forming a tooth trace of reversed helix winding paired at the periphery of bodies 13a and 14a in the axial direction, respectively. The pinion 13 and the axle shaft 15 are rotatably supported with a cylindrical roller bearing 17. The durability and reliability in the bearing can be further improved and the faster speed of the railway vehicle can be obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gear device for a railway vehicle in which the durability and reliability of a bearing are further improved, and a bogie for a railway vehicle equipped with the gear device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 5, the railway vehicle transmits the rotation of the motor 1 to the small gear shaft 3a of the gear device 3 via the flexible shaft coupling 2, and forms a helical small gear (hereinafter, referred to as a small gear) formed on the small gear shaft 3a. , And is transmitted to a wheel 4 attached to an axle 3c via a helical large gear (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "large gear") 3b meshing with the small gear 3aa. It travels (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-336616 A (page 2, FIGS. 8 and 9)
[0004]
Further, there is a type in which the transmission of the torque is performed by a spur gear or a helical gear instead of the helical gear (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-57-51058 (page 1, FIG. 1)
[0006]
Conventionally, a bearing that rotatably supports the small gear shaft 3a or the axle 3c of the gear device 3 in the gear box 3d receives a thrust force generated by rotation of the small gear shaft 3a or the axle 3c. In general, as shown in FIG. 6, a tapered roller bearing 3e is generally used.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the tapered roller bearing 3e is used as the bearing, the outer ring and the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing 3e depend on the finished dimensions of the gear box 3d, the holding lid 3f of the tapered roller bearing 3e, the small gear shaft 3a and the axle 3c. The direction gap (hereinafter, referred to as "bearing gap") changes.
[0008]
In order to maintain the performance required as a drive device, it is necessary to appropriately set the bearing clearance.However, gear devices for railway vehicles are affected by the outside air temperature, and the viscosity of lubricating oil is low at low temperatures such as winter. The bearing clearance is set to be relatively large in order to prevent seizing of the bearing, because the lubrication becomes high and lubrication failure easily occurs. The bearing gap may become large due to wear or the like, and if the shaft is tilted due to the meshing reaction force of the gears, etc., it affects the rollers and cannot further improve the durability and reliability of the bearing.
[0009]
In addition, in recent years, the vehicle speed has increased significantly, so that the rotation of the axle and small gear shaft (motor shaft) has become faster, and the motor has been changed from DC to AC to enable high-speed rotation. The ratio of the number of teeth is increased, and the number of revolutions of the small gear shaft (motor shaft) is considerably increased even at the same vehicle speed. Therefore, it is desired to further improve the durability and reliability of the bearing. ing.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and has a gear device for a railway vehicle capable of further improving the durability and reliability of a bearing, and a gear device for a railway vehicle equipped with the gear device. It is intended to provide trolleys.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention includes a small gear fixed coaxially with a rotating shaft of a motor and fixed to the rotating shaft; The gear box is provided with a large gear that can transmit rotation, and an axle mounted coaxially with the large gear and fixed to the large gear, and the small gear and the large gear are respectively provided in the axially outer peripheral portion of the trunk. And a toothed gear formed with a pair of oppositely wound helical teeth.
[0012]
In the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, “fixed” means to fasten two objects firmly so as not to move relatively, and “attach” means to relatively move two objects. It means connecting to a positional relationship. Further, the “body portion” of the small gear or the large gear refers to a portion closer to the shaft center than the root of the teeth formed on the outer periphery.
[0013]
By adopting a helical gear for transmitting the rotation of the motor, the thrust force acting on the shaft of the small gear and the axle can be suppressed, the durability and reliability of the bearing are further improved, and the higher speed of the railway vehicle is further improved. Can be achieved.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention is a gear device used for a railway vehicle drive device,
A small gear mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft of the motor and fixed to the rotating shaft;
A large gear meshing with the small gear and transmitting the rotation of the motor;
An axle mounted coaxially with the large gear and fixed to the large gear is provided in a gear box,
The small gear and the large gear are each a bevel gear formed with a pair of oppositely oriented helical teeth formed in a pair on the axially outer peripheral portion of the body.
[0015]
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the gear device for railway vehicles which concerns on this invention, since thrust force which acts on the axis | shaft of a small gear and an axle can be suppressed by making a gear and a large gear into a helical gear, durability of a bearing inevitably The reliability can be further improved.
[0016]
In the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, as described above, in the configuration, the axial movement, that is, rattling, is the axial movement of the helical gear that forms a pair on the left and right forming the helical gear. Since it is determined by the clearance, it is possible to make the thrust force hardly act on the bearing, and at least one of the small gear and the large gear can be supported by the cylindrical roller bearing so as to be freely rotatable. Thus, the durability and reliability of the bearing can be further improved.
[0017]
Cylindrical roller bearings that can be used here are, for example, N-type and NU-type that cannot receive a thrust (axial) load, and NJ-type, NUP-type, and NF-type that have a flange and can receive a thrust (axial) load. And any other type. If these are arranged such that the rotation axis of the cylindrical roller bearing is parallel to the rotation axes of the large gear and the small gear, it is particularly suitable for supporting each gear rotating at high speed. On the other hand, it goes without saying that each gear has an effect even for supporting a low-speed axle.
[0018]
As the cylindrical roller bearing, it is preferable that at least one of the outer ring and the inner ring is provided with a flange facing only one end of the roller. When the flange facing the roller end face is only one side, for example, in the case of the inner ring, usually two flanges are provided facing the roller end face on both sides in the axial direction of the roller. It indicates that only one of them is provided. This is the same for the outer ring. These are generally called NJ type and NF type.
[0019]
In addition, in the railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention, in which at least either the small gear or the large gear is rotatably supported by a cylindrical roller bearing, the axial gap of the cylindrical roller bearing is reduced by When the amount of play in the axial direction of the gear is larger, the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing does not always contact, so that the durability and reliability of the bearing can be further improved. More preferably, the axial clearance between the flange surface and the end surface of the inner ring or the outer ring provided with a flange only on one side of the cylindrical roller bearing is larger than the axial play of the helical gear. This simplifies the configuration and saves space. And it can be made cheap and easy to use.
[0020]
Even if an abnormality occurs in a gear or the like and the play amount a in the axial direction becomes larger than the gap b in the axial direction, the flange surface of the inner ring or the outer ring facing the roller end surface (the axial end surface of the roller) ( The vertical surface of the roller receiving surface of the inner ring or the outer ring) serves as a stopper, and serves as a backup when an abnormality occurs.
[0021]
Further, in the railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention in which at least either the small gear or the large gear is rotatably supported by a cylindrical roller bearing, a roller outer peripheral surface, a roller end surface, and a roller bearing in the cylindrical roller bearing are provided. When crowning is performed on at least one of the surface (horizontal surface) or the flange surface of the inner ring or the outer ring (perpendicular to the roller receiving surface), when the abnormality occurs, the rotation axis of the roller is inclined. Even if there is a contact between the inner ring or the roller and the outer ring, edge load or the like does not occur, and the surface pressure on the flange surface of the inner ring or the outer ring is appropriately maintained.
[0022]
Further, in the railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention in which at least one of the small gear and the large gear is rotatably supported by a cylindrical roller bearing, in a roller bearing surface formed on an inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing, When a dent is provided at the corner between the surface and the horizontal surface, for example, when polishing the vertical surface of the inner ring in a convex curved shape, the dent serves as a relief for the polishing tool, so that the polishing operation can be performed with higher precision and ease. Will be able to
[0023]
In the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the lubricating oil circulating means is formed between a pair of teeth formed on an outer peripheral portion in an axial direction of a body of at least one of the small gear and the large gear. Is provided, the excess lubricated oil can be efficiently returned to the oil reservoir in the bearing housing.
[0024]
For example, the lubricating oil circulating means may be provided with a groove or, on the contrary, a protrusion with a convex cross section. The lubricating oil circulation means is desirably provided on both the small gear and the large gear, but either one of them has a sufficient effect. The lubricating oil circulating means may be provided at the outer peripheral portion of the body between the teeth forming the pair of gears, but it is preferable that the lubricating oil circulating means be provided at the axial center of the teeth forming the pair. Needless to say.
[0025]
In the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, at least one of the small gear and the large gear is separately formed with a pair of teeth formed on an outer peripheral portion in an axial direction, and integrally formed by a fastening unit. In this case, the gear can be easily manufactured and the maintenance can be easily performed. The fastening means is not particularly limited as long as the two teeth can be integrated, but a bolt is usually employed.
[0026]
As described above, the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is characterized by employing a helical gear. The torsion gear has the opposite torsion angles of the left and right gears that make up a pair, so when disassembling only the small gear while the large gear is installed in the gear box, fix the small gear to the large gear. After moving it in the direction away from the center of the axle, disassemble it (the reverse when assembling). Therefore, when taking out the small gear from the gear box in which the large gear is installed or mounting the small gear in this gear box, the fitting part (opening) of the gear box with the bearing holding lid is partially formed. It is necessary to make the shape of the ellipse relatively longer than the other parts.
[0027]
The following invention is made from such a viewpoint, and the railway vehicle according to any one of the above-mentioned inventions, further comprising a gear box and a bearing holding lid that rotatably supports the pinion. In the gear device, the fitting portion of the gear box with the bearing holding cover is moved in a direction away from the axle center of the large gear, so that the small gear can be taken out. The radial length is longer than the other directions, and is an oblong shape.
[0028]
In the present invention, an oblate circle refers to all shapes including, for example, an ellipse and at least a part of the circle extended or contracted in the radial direction of the circle. Further, in the present invention, the position of the fitting portion formed in the eccentric shape may be either on the installation side of the motor or on the side opposite to the motor.
[0029]
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily install the small gear in the gear box or take out the small gear from the gear box.
[0030]
In the railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention, when the length L in the longitudinal direction of the eccentric shape satisfies the following expression, the small gear is installed in the gear box, Extraction can be performed more easily.
L> (tooth outer diameter of small gear / 2) + [{(tooth outer diameter of small gear + tooth outer diameter of large gear) / 2} −center distance between large gear and small gear]
[0031]
Further, in the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, instead of the fitting portion having a length L in the longitudinal direction having an oblong shape that satisfies the above expression, the diameter D of the fitting portion is the same as that in the longitudinal direction. It is needless to say that the gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, which has a circular shape having a value satisfying the length L, has the same function and effect.
[0032]
In the railway vehicle bogie equipped with the railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention described above, the durability and reliability of the bearing can be further improved, so that high-speed traveling can be performed safely.
[0033]
The embodiments described above are all examples of specific configurations of the present invention, and the railway vehicle gear device and bogie based on the present invention are not limited thereto, It goes without saying that changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of a large gear according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of one embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of a cylindrical roller bearing according to the present invention.
[0035]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a railway vehicle gear device according to the present invention, which is mounted in a gear box 12 with a small gear 13, a large gear 14 meshing with the small gear 13, and coaxially with the large gear 14. An axle 15 fixed to the lever gear 14 is arranged in relation to the lever.
[0036]
The small gear 13 is attached and fixed coaxially with the rotating shaft of the motor via, for example, a flexible shaft coupling, and has a role of transmitting the rotation of the motor to the large gear 14. The large gear 14 transmitted from the small gear 13 while reducing the rotation of the motor transmits the rotation directly to the wheels 4 via the axle 15.
[0037]
In the railway vehicle gear device 11 according to the present invention, the small gear 13 and the large gear 14 are replaced by helical gears that have been generally used in the past, and instead of the outer peripheral portions in the axial direction of the trunk portions 13a and 14a. The helical gears 13b and 14b having a pair of oppositely wound helical teeth are employed to suppress the thrust force acting on the shaft 13d and the axle 15 of the small gear 13.
[0038]
By the way, in the bevel gears 13b and 14b employed in the railway vehicle gear device 11 according to the present invention, the twist angles of the left and right gears forming a pair are opposite. Therefore, when the small gear 13 is disassembled, for example, in a state where the large gear 14 is installed in the gear box 12, the small gear 13 is once moved in a direction away from the center of the axle 15 fixed to the large gear 14. Need to be done. When assembling the small gear 13, contrary to the above, after inserting the pinion at a position away from the axle 15, it is moved toward the center of the axle 15.
[0039]
As described above, when taking out or mounting the small gear 13, for example, a cylindrical roller bearing 17, which will be described later, which supports the small gear 13 so as to be rotatable, is fixed so as to be fixed at a predetermined position in the bearing box 12. The opening (fitting portion) 12a of the bearing box 12, which is the mounting surface of the holding cover 18 to be attached, is not circular as shown by the broken line in FIG. The small gear 13 is installed in the gear box 12 by forming a notched elliptical shape so that at least one radial length L on the upper side of the paper surface is relatively longer than the radial length in the other direction. Also, it is possible to easily take out the gear box 12.
[0040]
Note that the radial length L is
(Tooth outside diameter of small gear / 2) + [{(Tooth outside diameter of small gear + tooth outside diameter of large gear) / 2} -Center distance between large gear and small gear]
It is desirable to make the value larger than the above.
[0041]
In the present invention, as described above, the bevel gears 13b and 14b, which hardly exert a thrust force on the bearing during rotation, are employed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. In order to further extend the life of a bearing that supports the shaft 13d and the axle 15 so that the shaft 13d can rotate freely, an example in which a cylindrical roller bearing 17 is employed instead of the conventional tapered roller bearing is illustrated. As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the cylindrical roller bearing 17 is provided with a flange 17d on only one side on the right side of the paper of the inner ring 17a.
[0042]
When such a cylindrical roller bearing 17 is employed, the rotation axis of the cylindrical roller bearing 17 and the respective rotation axes of the small gear 13 and the large gear 14 are all parallel to each other. The bearing clearance b (see FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b)) between the flange 17d formed on one side of the outer ring 17c and the place 17b (see FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b)) is, for example, 2 mm, and the play a in the axial direction of the helical gears 13b and 14b (usually About 0.1 to 0.6 mm: larger than that shown in FIG.
[0043]
That is, since the flanges 17d and 17b of the inner ring 17a of the cylindrical roller bearing 17 do not contact at all times, the lubricating oil is collected at the bottom of the gear box 12 like a gear device of a railway vehicle, and the gear is rotated by the rotation of the large gear 14. Also in the case of splash lubrication in which lubricating oil is scooped up at the portion and lubricating oil is supplied to the gear portion of the small gear 13 and the like, the lubricating oil sufficiently turns, and the durability and reliability of the bearing can be further improved.
[0044]
Even if an abnormality occurs in the gears or the like, the vertical surface 17aaa of the roller receiving surface 17aa in the flange 17d formed on one side of the inner ring 17a or the outer ring 17c facing the end surface 17ba of the roller 17b acts as a stopper, and provides backup when an abnormality occurs. become.
[0045]
For example, if both the end surface 17ba of the roller 17b and the vertical surface 17aaa of the inner race 17a are crowned in a convexly curved shape as shown in FIG. When the end surface 17ba is inclined and the vertical surface 17aaa or the horizontal surface 17aab comes into contact with the end surface 17ba, the edge load does not occur, the surface pressure from the roller 17b to the roller receiving surface 17aa does not increase, and the bearing The durability can be further improved.
[0046]
In addition, this crowning shape may be formed by connecting a single arc or a plurality of arcs. In addition, the crowning is similarly performed on the rolling surface of the roller 17b and the respective roller receiving surfaces 17aa of the outer ring 17c and the inner ring 17a. May be applied.
[0047]
Also, as shown in FIG. 4, if a depression 17ab is provided at a corner between the vertical surface 17aaa and the horizontal surface 17aab in the roller receiving surface 17aa, for example, the vertical surface 17aaa of the inner ring 17a is changed to that shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, when polishing in a convexly curved shape, the recess 17ab serves as a relief for the polishing tool, so that the polishing operation can be performed accurately and easily.
[0048]
As in the present embodiment, for example, a center position (a position indicated by C in FIGS. 2 and 3) of a pair of teeth formed on the outer peripheral portion in the axial direction in the trunk portions 13a and 14a of the small gear 13 and the large gear 14. Further, grooves 13c and 14c for efficiently returning the lubricated surplus oil to the oil reservoir at the bottom of the gear box 12 may be provided.
[0049]
Further, in order to facilitate the manufacture and maintenance of the gears as in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair formed on the outer peripheral portion in the axial direction of the small gear 13 and the large gear 14. May be separately formed and integrally fastened by bolts 16.
[0050]
In the bearing device according to the present invention described above, the durability and reliability of the bearings constituting the bearing device can be further improved. Can also endure.
[0051]
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be an invention based on a configuration corresponding to each claim. In this case, the operation and effect based on the configuration corresponding to each claim can be obtained. Further, design changes and the like are optional within the scope of the technical idea of the configuration corresponding to each claim.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the durability and reliability of the bearing can be further improved, and the speed of the railway vehicle can be further increased. When the lubricating oil circulating means is provided between the pair of teeth formed on the axially outer peripheral portion of the torso of the small gear or the large gear, excess lubricated oil is efficiently removed from the oil in the bearing housing. It can be returned to the reservoir. In addition, when a pair of teeth formed on the outer peripheral portion in the axial direction of the small gear and the large gear are separately formed and integrated by fastening means, the gear can be easily manufactured and maintenance can be easily performed. Become like
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a gear device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an A-view diagram of FIG.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a large gear according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a small gear according to the present invention.
4 (a) to 4 (c) are explanatory views of a cylindrical roller bearing, in which (a) has a flange on one side of an inner ring, (b) has a flange on one side of an outer ring, and (c) is It is a figure showing an example of crowning.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a drive device in a railway vehicle.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional railway vehicle gear device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Gear device 12 Gear box 12a Opening 12b Notch 13 Small gear 13a Trunk 13b Circular gear 13c Groove 13d Shaft 14 Large gear 14a Trunk 14b Circular gear 14c Groove 15 Axle 17 Cylindrical roller bearing 17a Inner ring 17aa Roller bearing Surface 17aaa Vertical surface 17aab Horizontal surface 17b Roller 17ba End surface 17c Outer ring 17d Flange 18 Holding lid

Claims (13)

A gear device used for a railway vehicle drive device,
A small gear mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft of the motor and fixed to the rotating shaft;
A large gear meshing with the small gear and transmitting the rotation of the motor;
An axle mounted coaxially with the large gear and fixed to the large gear is provided in a gear box,
A gear device for a railway vehicle, wherein each of the small gear and the large gear is a helical gear formed with a pair of oppositely oriented helical teeth forming a pair on an axially outer peripheral portion of a trunk portion. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the small gear and the large gear is rotatably supported by a cylindrical roller bearing. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a rotation axis of the cylindrical roller bearing and a rotation axis of the small gear or the large gear are configured to be parallel to each other. A gear device for a railway vehicle, wherein at least one of the outer ring and the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing according to claim 2 or 3 is provided with a flange opposing a roller end surface on only one side. The gear for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein an axial gap of the cylindrical roller bearing is larger than an axial play of the helical gear. apparatus. The railway vehicle gear device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein crowning is applied to at least one of a roller end surface of the cylindrical roller bearing or a flange surface of an outer ring or an inner ring. Gear device. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein a recess is provided at a corner between a vertical surface and a horizontal surface of a roller receiving surface formed on at least one of the inner ring and the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing. A gear device for a railway vehicle, characterized in that: The lubricating oil circulating means is provided between a pair of teeth formed on an outer peripheral portion in an axial direction of a body portion of at least one of the small gear and the large gear. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to any one of the above. The at least one of the small gear and the large gear has a pair of teeth formed on an outer peripheral portion in an axial direction separately formed and integrated by fastening means. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The gear device for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a gear box and a bearing press lid that supports the pinion so that the pinion can rotate freely, wherein the bearing press lid of the gear box and The eccentric part whose radial length in at least one direction is longer than other directions so that the fitting part can be taken out after moving the pinion in the direction away from the axle center of the gear. A gear device for a railway vehicle, characterized in that: The gear device for a railway vehicle according to claim 10, wherein a length L of the oblong shape in the longitudinal direction is in accordance with the following equation.
L> (tooth outer diameter of small gear / 2) + [{(tooth outer diameter of small gear + tooth outer diameter of large gear) / 2} −center distance between large gear and small gear] The gear device for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a gear box and a bearing pressing cover that supports the small gear so as to be rotatable, wherein the bearing pressing cover of the gear box is provided. A gear for a railway vehicle, wherein a diameter D is circular according to the following formula so that the fitting portion can be taken out after moving the small gear in a direction away from the axle center of the large gear. apparatus.
D> (tooth outer diameter of small gear / 2) + [{(tooth outer diameter of small gear + tooth outer diameter of large gear) / 2} −center distance between large gear and small gear] A railway vehicle bogie comprising the railway vehicle gear device according to claim 1.

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