JP2004329983A - Method and apparatus for fibrillating stalks of perennial herb - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and cleanly fibrillate stalks of a perennial herb such as Alpinia speciosa or the like with 30-50 mm. <P>SOLUTION: In a method and apparatus for fibrillating stalks of the perennial herb into a regulated length of 30-50 mm, the long stalks nipped between feeding rotary rollers are successively fed to the outer periphery of a drum rotated at a high speed from one end sides thereof and the successively fed-in stalks are torn by the tips of a large number of the pointed pins provided to the outer periphery of the drum to be successively softened. The successively softened stalks are carried on the tip tracks of the pins to be fed along the outer periphery of the drum while pushed out upward and subsequently rearward and the leading end parts of them are allowed to bend in the neighborhood of the position passing the vicinity of the top of the drum so as to approach and separate from the pins. The bent parts of the leading end parts of the stalks are brought into contact with the pins intermittently under their own weights and by air streams to fibrillate the contact parts at a stroke. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

表１に示す実施例により得られた材料２０は、繊維単位で安定して解繊されていた。薄い黄色の美しい仕上がりであった。繊維長さは、目標値３８ｍｍに対し、約１／２量が適合化しており、綿等との混紡が可能であった。長さが２０ｍｍ以下のものは、他の用途、例えば畳やボード等に利用することができる。
【００３７】
前記モータＭ１にはインバータが付属されている。従って、インバータの調節により、回転速度を変化させることもできる。モータＭ２にもインバータを付属させておくこともできる。一般には、送り速度を大とし、解繊ドラム３の回転速度を低下させると、繊維長さを長くすることができる。なびかせ部分２３の長さを長くすることができるからである。ただし、これを余りにも強く行うと、繊維径が大となり、材料品質が劣化する。
【００３８】
本発明の解繊装置は、同様にしてサトウキビ、バナナ、イグサ等、他の多年草茎に対しても適用できる。この場合、各繊維強度に応じてインバータ調節される。また、長さ調節のためにもインバータ調節される。これら調節はインバータ調節のみであるので、極めて容易に対応できる。
【００３９】
本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変形することができ、各種態様で実施することができる。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載の通り、多年草茎を長さ３０〜５０ｍｍの調節された長さに解繊する多年草茎の解繊方法であって、
送り用回転ローラに挟み込んだ長尺茎を高速回転するドラム外周に対して一端側から順次送り込み、
順次送り込まれる茎を前記ドラムの外周に多数設けた先鋭ピンの先端で裂いて順次柔軟化し、
順次柔軟化した茎を前記ピンの先端軌道に乗せて、前記ドラム外周に沿って上方次いで後方へ突き出して送り、
その先端部分を前記ドラムの頂上付近を通過した位置辺りで前記ピンに対して接近離反する形でなびかせ、
自重及び気流によって前記なびかせ部分を前記ピンに対して間欠的に接触させ、その部分を前記先端軌道内に引き込み、その部分を一気に解繊することを特徴とする。
【００４１】
従って、柔軟化された茎をピン７先端軌道に乗せてドラムの頂上付近に送ることができ、次いで、その先端に突き出されたなびかせ部分ピン先端軌道内側に吸寄せ、なびかせ部分を３０〜５０ｍｍの長さで一気に綺麗に解繊することができる。
【００４２】
また、本発明の多年草茎解繊装置は、多年草茎を３０〜５０ｍｍの調節された長さに解繊する多年草茎の解繊装置であって、両端をフレームに支持され、水平軸の回りで回転するドラムと、前記ドラム外周において前記水平軸と平行に設けられたピン支持線と、前記ピン支持線に沿ってその先端尖鋭部分を前記水平軸に対して放射方向に向けて立設された多数のピンと、
前記ドラムを一方向に回転駆動するモータと、
前記ドラムの外方から挿入される多年草茎を前記ドラムの中心方向に向けて案内供給する茎供給部と、を備えたことを特徴とするので、簡易構成にて効率良く、綿等と混紡可能の良質の解繊材料を得ることができる。
【００４３】
前記モータの回転速度を調節するためのインバータを設け、かつ茎送り速度を適切とすることにより、各種多年草茎に容易に対応でき、かつ容易に解繊繊維の長さを調節することができる。
【００４４】
ピン支持線上に立設されるピンの配置を等間隔とし、かつ相隣合うピン支持線上に立設されるピン位置を千鳥配列とすれば、ピンの微密配列が可能で、かつ各ピン支持線は同一構造で良いので製作容易である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る多年草茎の解繊装置の平面図である。
【図２】図１の正面図である。
【図３】図１の左側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 基台
２Ｒ、２Ｌ 側面フレーム
３ 解繊ドラム
４ 回転軸
５Ｒ、５Ｌ、１２Ｒ、１２Ｌ、１３Ｒ、１３Ｌ ベアリング
６ ピン支持線
７ ピン
８ プーリ
９ ベルト
１０ 茎
１１ 茎供給装置
１１Ｓ 樋
１４Ｒ、１４Ｌ ハンドル
１４Ｔ テークアップユニット
１５、１６ スプロケット
１７ チェーン
１８Ｖ、１８Ｓ アイドラ
１９ カバー
２０ 材料
２１ 出口
２２ フード
２３ なびかせ部分
２４ 気流
ＦＳＭ 解繊装置
Ｍ１、Ｍ２ モータ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a perennial grass defibration method and a perennial stalk fibrillation device suitable for efficiently and beautifully defibrating perennial stalks such as moon peach, sugar cane, banana, and rush to a length of 30 to 50 mm.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the efficacy of moon peach has been recognized, and a waste paper board containing moon peach, a pack agent using moon peach leaf powder, a medicinal drink of moon peach, and the like have been developed and widely used.
[0003]
However, the moon peach used for these is an extract of roots, leaves or stems, and the stems themselves are partially used for tatami floors and the like in JP-A-8-93192 (tatami floors and bed mats). Most of the waste had been disposed of.
[0004]
As seen in the above publication, the peach stem itself contains useful medicinal components, and its effective utilization has been desired.
[0005]
Therefore, a proposal was made to defibrate the peach stalk, spin it in combination with cotton, etc., and produce the cauliflower as a specialty product of Okinawa Prefecture.
[0006]
However, the stem fiber for spinning used in combination with cotton must have a length of 30 to 50 mm, preferably about 38 mm, and can be formed using a defibrating device conventionally used for paper, bamboo, or the like. Has a problem that it cannot be defibrated.
[0007]
As a conventional example of a method or an apparatus for disintegrating plant stems such as bamboo, a roller method in which pressure is applied to plant stems to crush them, and a method in which lignin is unraveled on paper or the like are known.
[0008]
The defibrating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-136887 is provided with a large number of defibrating blades on the outer periphery of a defibrating drum, sends a mixture of a piece of paper and water to a blade on a high-speed rotating drum, and defels lignin. A paper defibration and paper fiber block manufacturing apparatus for obtaining a solid block by reagglomeration is shown.
[0009]
However, perennial grass stems such as moon peach have a problem that a predetermined defibration material cannot be obtained by a conventionally known defibration method or apparatus.
[0010]
For example, when a peach stalk is crushed by a roller, unlike a bamboo, the fiber strength is inferior, so that the fiber is shattered and a fiber of a required length cannot be obtained. In addition, when the rotary drum is defibrated with a blade, the fibers are loosened as a bundle, resulting in a wood chip state. The same applies to other perennial stalks such as sugarcane, banana and rush.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-93192
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a perennial grass stalk defibration method and a perennial stalk defibration device capable of efficiently and beautifully defibrating perennial stalks such as moon peach stalks to 30 to 50 mm in fiber units. .
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The perennial grass stem defibration method of the present invention capable of solving the above problems is a perennial grass stem defibration method for defibrating the perennial grass stalk to an adjusted length of 30 to 50 mm,
The long stems sandwiched between the feed rotation rollers are sequentially fed from one end side to the outer periphery of the drum rotating at high speed,
The stems sequentially fed are split at the tips of a number of sharp pins provided on the outer periphery of the drum to soften sequentially,
Put the sequentially softened stem on the tip trajectory of the pin, projecting upward and then backward along the drum circumference, and sending it,
The tip of the drum is made to flutter near and away from the pin around a position passing near the top of the drum,
It is characterized in that the waving portion is intermittently brought into contact with the pin by its own weight and airflow, the contact portion is drawn into the inside of the front end track, and the portion is opened at a stretch.
[0014]
The perennial stalks are put on a high-speed rotating blade, and defibrated sequentially from the tip, they break into pieces. Also, when crushed by a roller, the fibers are brittle and break apart as well.
[0015]
Therefore, in the present invention, the stem softened by the above procedure is put on the pin tip orbit and passed through the position on the drum, and then the tip portion, which is the protruding portion, has its own weight or air current, or swinging due to length change or the like. By a mechanical action, the pin is inserted at once at the inside of the pin and rolled up, and the part thus pulled in is broken at a stretch by the high-speed moving pin.
[0016]
To describe in detail the above-mentioned entrainment or retraction action, an airflow is generated around the drum by the rotation of the pin. According to Bernoulli's theorem, this air current acts as a force that pulls the stem toward the inside of the pin. Thus, the softened stem rises to the upper position along the pin tip trajectory, after which the stem is protruded diagonally forward. The fluttering part then swings up and down, eventually breaking the balance and falling into the pin tip orbit. Accordingly, the fluttering portion is sucked into the pin tip orbit, and the fluttering portion is broken at a stretch. The length of the fluttering portion is determined by the number of rotations of the drum, the feed speed, the flexibility of the stem, and the like.
[0017]
The length of the fiber is determined by the length of the waving portion. This length is determined as a constant of the apparatus, assuming that the rigidity of the stem is constant. Therefore, the length can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the drum. The length is adjusted to, for example, 38 mm for the purpose of blending with cotton.
[0018]
The perennial grass stem defibration device of the present invention is a perennial grass stalk defibration device that defibrate the perennial grass stalk to an adjusted length of 30 to 50 mm, both ends of which are supported by a frame and rotated about a horizontal axis. And a pin support line provided in parallel with the horizontal axis on the outer periphery of the drum, and a plurality of standing upright portions along the pin support line with their tip sharp portions directed radially to the horizontal axis. Pins and
A motor that rotationally drives the drum in one direction;
A material supply unit for guiding and supplying a perennial grass stem inserted from the outside of the drum toward the center of the drum.
[0019]
In the perennial grass stem disentanglement device of the present invention, the above-described perennial grass stem disentanglement method can be realized only with a rotating drum, a sharpened tip pin provided on a pin support line, a motor for rotating the drum, and a material supply unit. Can be.
[0020]
It is preferable that an airflow stabilizing cover is provided around the drum so as not to prevent the softened perennial stalk from moving along the rotation direction at the tip of the pin.
[0021]
The fiber length can be adjusted by attaching an inverter for adjusting the rotation speed to the motor.
[0022]
The pins erected on the pin support lines can be arranged at equal intervals, and the pin positions erected on adjacent pin support lines can be staggered. Thereby, the pins can be finely arranged.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a perennial stem defibrating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG.
[0024]
The defibrating device FSM of the present invention has a base 1, on which side frames 2R and 2L are erected. The defibrating drum 3 is rotatably supported between the frames 2R and 2L. The rotating shaft 4 of the defibrating drum 3 has both ends supported by the frames 2R and 2L via bearings 5R and 5L such as pillow blocks. The diameter of the defibrating drum 3 is, for example, 150 mm.
[0025]
On the outer periphery of the defibrating drum 3, a large number of pin support lines 6 are provided at regular intervals in parallel with the rotating shaft 4. A commercially available thin nail is used as a pin 7 and fixed to the support wire 6 in such a manner that the pointed tip is erected radially with respect to the rotating shaft 4. The pin support line 6 is made of a pair of upper and lower plate members, and supports the pin with the head of the pin sandwiched between the two plates. Both ends are fixed to the main body of the defibrating drum.
[0026]
A motor M1 as a power source for the defibrating drum is provided on the base 1 below the defibrating drum 3. A pulley provided at one end of the motor M1 and a pulley 8 provided at one end of the rotating shaft 4 are connected via a belt 9. Therefore, the defibrating drum 3 can be rotated at a desired speed by rotating the motor M1. In order to rotate the motor M1 at a desired speed, frequency conversion is performed by an inverter (not shown).
[0027]
A motor M2 as a power source for the stem supply device 11 is disposed behind the motor M1 (left side in FIG. 3). Above the motor M2, a perennial stem 10 is supplied to the defibrating drum 3. Is provided.
[0028]
The stalk supply device 11 squeezes and grasps the stalk 10 and sequentially supplies the stalk to the defibrating drum 3 from the tip portion, and both ends are supported by bearings 12R, 12L or 13R, 13L such as a pillow block. The upper roller can be adjusted vertically with respect to the lower roller via a take-up unit 14T. Adjustment of the vertical movement of the upper roller is performed by the handles 14R and 14L. Each roller is appropriately cut in a vertical groove, and is vertically corresponded so that both grooves are engaged with each other. By inserting the stem 10 therebetween, the stem 10 can be pressed and gripped and supplied to the defibrating drum 3. The stem 10 is supplied via a gutter 11S.
[0029]
Gears for synchronously rotating the two rollers in opposite directions are provided on the side surfaces of the upper and lower rollers, and a sprocket 15 is provided on the side surface of the gear of the lower roller. The sprocket 15 is connected to the motor M2. The sprocket 16 provided is connected via a chain 17. Therefore, by driving the motor M2, the upper and lower rollers are rotated synchronously, and the stem 10 can be supplied to the defibrating drum 3 at a predetermined speed. The belt 9 or the chain 17 is provided with idlers 18V and 18S for tension as needed.
[0030]
A cover 19 is provided on the front upper portion (left side in FIG. 3) of the defibrating drum 3. The cover 19 is provided to be inclined substantially linearly from above the defibrating drum 3 toward the rear end. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the material 20 defibrated by the pins 7 from scattering upward and to stabilize the airflow generated by the rotation of the defibration drum 3.
[0031]
Above the cover 19, a hood 22 constituting an outlet 21 of the material 20 is provided.
[0032]
Next, the operation of the defibrating device FSM having the above configuration will be described. When the perennial stem 10 is placed on the gutter 11S, the stem 10 is squeezed and gripped between the upper and lower rollers of the stem supply device 11, and the tip of the stem 10 is brought into contact with the defibrating drum 3. The feed speed is 0.02 to 0.06 m / s. The rotation speed of the defibrating drum 3 is, for example, 3000 RPM (50 RPS). The peripheral speed is 10 to 50 m / s. That is, when viewed from the contact position with the stem 10, the calculation is that 900 pins 7 pass per second.
[0033]
When the tip of the stem 10 is brought into contact with the pin of the defibrating drum 3, the stem 10 is hard at this point, so that the pin 7 bites into the fiber and roughly tears the fiber to soften the stem 10. Then, the softened stem rides on an arc trajectory determined by the position of the tip of the pin, moves to the upper position of the defibrating drum 3, and then protrudes toward the outlet 20, as shown by the broken line portion 23 in FIG. It is in a state of fluttering forward. The broken line portion 23 is also called a fluttering portion.
[0034]
On the other hand, as the defibrating drum 3 rotates, an airflow is generated in a direction in which the fluttering portion 23 is sent forward. Therefore, the fluttering portion 23 flutters while its root is gripped by the upper and lower rollers, and at a stretch when its balance is broken according to the airflow 24, its own weight, vibration, and physical conditions such as length change. It hangs down and comes into the pin 7.
[0035]
When the fluttering portion 23 enters the circular orbit determined by the tip position of the pin 7, the whole fluttering portion 23 enters the orbit from around the upper position of the defibrating drum 3, and at this time, many pins 7 pass through. , That part is broken at a stretch. As described above, since the number of the pins 7 passes 900 per second, the number of the pins 7 passes instantaneously, for example, 90 pieces within 0.1 second, and is 30 to 50 mm depending on the length of the waving portion 23. The length can be broken at a stretch. Table 1 shows examples.
[0036]
[Table 1]

The material 20 obtained by the examples shown in Table 1 was stably defibrated in fiber units. It was a beautiful pale yellow finish. The length of the fiber was adjusted to about 1/2 of the target value of 38 mm, and it was possible to blend with cotton and the like. Those having a length of 20 mm or less can be used for other purposes such as tatami mats and boards.
[0037]
An inverter is attached to the motor M1. Therefore, the rotation speed can be changed by adjusting the inverter. An inverter may be attached to the motor M2. Generally, when the feed speed is increased and the rotation speed of the defibrating drum 3 is decreased, the fiber length can be increased. This is because the length of the fluttering portion 23 can be increased. However, if this is performed too strongly, the fiber diameter becomes large and the material quality deteriorates.
[0038]
The defibrating device of the present invention can be similarly applied to other perennial stalks such as sugarcane, banana and rush. In this case, the inverter is adjusted according to each fiber strength. The inverter is also adjusted for length adjustment. Since these adjustments are only inverter adjustments, they can be handled very easily.
[0039]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist of the present invention, and can be implemented in various modes.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides a method for defibrating a perennial grass stalk to defibrate the perennial grass stalk to an adjusted length of 30 to 50 mm, as described in the claims,
The long stems sandwiched between the feed rotation rollers are sequentially fed from one end side to the outer periphery of the drum rotating at high speed,
The stems sequentially fed are split at the tips of a number of sharp pins provided on the outer periphery of the drum to soften sequentially,
Put the sequentially softened stem on the tip trajectory of the pin, projecting upward and then backward along the drum circumference, and sending it,
The tip of the drum is made to flutter near and away from the pin around a position passing near the top of the drum,
The weight portion and the air current cause the waving portion to intermittently contact the pin, draw the portion into the tip end track, and open the portion at once.
[0041]
Therefore, the softened stem can be sent to the vicinity of the top of the drum by being put on the tip of the pin 7 and then sucked into the inside of the revolving part pin protruding from the tip, and the revolving part can be moved from 30 to 30 mm. With a length of 50 mm, it can be neatly broken at a stretch.
[0042]
In addition, the perennial grass stem defibration device of the present invention is a perennial grass stalk defibration device that defibrate the perennial grass stalk to an adjusted length of 30 to 50 mm, both ends of which are supported by a frame, and are arranged around a horizontal axis. A rotating drum, a pin support line provided in parallel with the horizontal axis on the outer periphery of the drum, and a sharp tip portion is erected along the pin support line in a radial direction with respect to the horizontal axis. Many pins,
A motor that rotationally drives the drum in one direction;
And a stalk supply unit for guiding a perennial stalk inserted from the outside of the drum toward the center of the drum, so that it can be efficiently blended with cotton or the like with a simple configuration. High quality defibrated material can be obtained.
[0043]
By providing an inverter for adjusting the rotation speed of the motor and making the stem feed speed appropriate, it is possible to easily cope with various perennial stems and easily adjust the length of the defibrated fibers.
[0044]
If the pins erected on the pin support lines are arranged at equal intervals and the pin positions erected on adjacent pin support lines are arranged in a staggered arrangement, the pins can be finely arranged and each pin can be supported. Since the wires can have the same structure, they can be easily manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a perennial stem defibration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 base 2R, 2L side frame 3 defibrating drum 4 rotating shaft 5R, 5L, 12R, 12L, 13R, 13L bearing 6 pin support wire 7 pin 8 pulley 9 belt 10 stalk 11 stalk supply device 11S gutter 14R, 14L handle 14T Take-up unit 15, 16 Sprocket 17 Chain 18V, 18S Idler 19 Cover 20 Material 21 Outlet 22 Hood 23 Waving portion 24 Airflow FSM Fibrillation device M1, M2 Motor

Claims (4)

A method for defibrating a perennial grass stalk to defibrate the perennial grass stalk to a controlled length of 30-50 mm,
The long stems sandwiched between the feed rotation rollers are sequentially fed from one end side to the outer periphery of the drum rotating at high speed,
The stems sequentially fed are split at the tips of a number of sharp pins provided on the outer periphery of the drum to soften sequentially,
Put the sequentially softened stem on the tip trajectory of the pin, projecting upward and then backward along the drum circumference, and sending it,
The tip of the drum is made to flutter near and away from the pin around a position passing near the top of the drum,
A method of disentangling perennial stems, comprising intermittently bringing the fluttering portion into contact with the pin by its own weight and airflow, drawing the contact portion into the inside of the tip orbit, and disintegrating the portion at once. A perennial grass stem defibrating device for defibrating a perennial grass stem to an adjusted length of 30 to 50 mm, comprising: a drum supported at both ends by a frame and rotating around a horizontal axis; A pin support line provided in parallel, and a number of pins having a sharp tip portion erected along the pin support line in a radial direction with respect to the horizontal axis,
A motor that rotationally drives the drum in one direction;
A perennial grass defibration device, comprising: a stalk supply unit that guides and supplies perennial stalks inserted from outside the drum toward the center of the drum. 3. The perennial stem defibration device according to claim 2, wherein the motor is provided with an inverter for adjusting a rotation speed of the motor. 4. The perennial stem defibrating device according to claim 2, wherein pins arranged on the pin support lines are arranged at equal intervals, and pin positions arranged on adjacent pin support lines are staggered. 5. A perennial grass stem fibrillation device characterized by the following.

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