JP2004324961A - Processing method and device for organic solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processing method for organic solid wastes such as waste meats and bone-meal feed, capable of surely thermally decomposing disease germ such as abnormal prion to completely deactivate the same, performing the processing of high performance at low cost without using a large amount of fossil fuel with a simple constitution of a device, and using the processed products as safe and effective secondary materials. <P>SOLUTION: This processing method applies a self-combustible carbonization furnace 1 having a plurality of waste introducing ports communicated with a core space 10 at its lower part, and a heating exhaust cylinder 50 connected with an exhaust passage 52 to the outside of a furnace at its upper part in an approximately sealed furnace main body 1 having a plurality of air introduction holes 36 on an inner bottom part. The dried waste meat M is charged in the furnace main body 20 with combustion aid wood chips T, the furnace main body 20 is ignited from its bottom part, and then the waste meat M and the combustion aid wood chips T are made to spontaneously burn in accompany with red heat of the heating exhaust cylinder 50 to be thermally decomposed and carbonized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the disposal of bodily tissues such as meat, bones, internal organs, and brain of domestic animals, meat-and-bone meal, garbage such as garbage, livestock excrement, etc. The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
In recent years, the demand for meat in Japan has expanded due to the westernization of food, and as a result, waste meat including bones, internal organs and cranial nerves generated during the meat manufacturing process is used as feed and fertilizer as semi-dry powdered meat-and-bone meal. It has been. However, at present, the above-mentioned flesh occurs in Japan in the bovine sponge encephalopathy (BSE), which belongs to the disease called transmissible sponge encephalopathies (TSE: Transmissible Sponbform Encephalopathies) and is called so-called mad cow disease. Not only can it be used as feed and fertilizer as meat-and-bone meal, but also its disposal is not easy.
[0003]
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, as its name suggests, is a late-onset, malignant central nervous system disease in which the bovine brain tissue changes sponge-like, develops after a long incubation period, is irritable, aggressive, and depressed. From such mental symptoms, physical symptoms such as reduced milk yield, weight loss, abnormal posture, ataxia, paralysis, and inability to stand up appear, leading to death. Moreover, since the pathogen is a protein called abnormal prion that does not have genetic DNA or RNA, established infection prevention and treatment measures against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses of other infectious diseases are completely ineffective. In addition, by ingesting only a very small amount of infected beef, not only cattle but also species, sheep, deer, and humans can be infected, resulting in death with sponge-like changes in brain tissue like cattle. It is known that pollution is spreading worldwide.
[0004]
However, such abnormal prions do not lose their activity by ordinary disinfection, heating at the cooking level, irradiation of ultraviolet rays or radiation, are not easily degraded biologically, and are not decomposed for a long time when buried in soil. It is a very troublesome substance that remains in the soil, and it requires long-time heating at 300 ° C or more to lose its pathogenicity. To deactivate even under pressure by an autoclave, heating at 3 atm and 136 ° C or more is required. It is necessary to continue for 30 minutes or more. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to treat infectious waste meat and meat-and-bone meal, and most of the large quantities of meat-and-bone meal that have already been produced and whose use has been banned remain stored and are continuously generated in large quantities from the meat production process. In Japan alone, the amount of waste meat amounts to 400,000 tons per year, but the situation has fallen short of its disposal.
[0005]
At present, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have approved a method of treating waste meat and meat-and-bone meal by incinerating waste meat and meat-and-bone meal at a high temperature while preventing the diffusion of the powder. Also, various research institutes are examining various treatment methods as means for decomposing abnormal prions, such as a biological decomposition method, a chemical decomposition method, a high-frequency heating method, and a flame contact combustion method.
[0006]
However, in the method of completely decomposing by the above-mentioned high-temperature combustion, a large amount of fossil fuel is consumed to reach the complete decomposition, and a device for completely performing high-temperature combustion becomes expensive, so that the processing cost is extremely high. There are difficulties. On the other hand, the biological decomposition method requires an extremely large-scale decomposition tank and requires high equipment costs, requires a long time for decomposition, has a low treatment efficiency, and requires a great deal of labor to maintain and control the decomposition bacteria. There is such a problem. In the chemical decomposition method, the polypeptide bond of abnormal prion is cleaved by caustic soda or decomposed by sodium hypochlorite, but an extremely large amount of drug solution is required, and a large amount of waste liquid is used. In addition to a new problem of treatment, there is a possibility that the drug does not penetrate into tissues such as waste meat and the decomposition is incomplete, so that it is not a reliable treatment method.
[0007]
Furthermore, in the high frequency heating method and the flame contact combustion method, there is a report that the pathogenicity of abnormal prions is not lost even if the heat treatment is performed at 600 ° C. (Non-Patent Document 1), and its effectiveness is questionable. That is, in the case of the high-frequency heating method, heat is generated by resonating the high-frequency frequency with the stretching vibration of the oxygen-hydrogen bond of the water molecule contained in the object to be processed, so that the high-frequency wave is inevitably concentrated on a portion containing a lot of water. In addition to the uneven heating, the heating action does not work after the evaporation of water, and the heating time is short. It is assumed that a tissue containing only protein which has just evaporated and evaporated remains. In addition, in the flame contact combustion method, the structure of the flame contact portion becomes powdery and soars by air convection, causing incomplete decomposition, and the heat of vaporization of water evaporation prevents the temperature rise of the object to be treated. It is considered that the temperature of the protein does not reach the flame contact temperature but remains undecomposed and tends to remain.
[0008]
[Non-patent document 1]
Internet Information Service "Food Sanitation Window", Food Insurance Division, Living Environment Department, Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau ... 2001 First Food Technology Workshop Lecture Summary "About Prions and Prion Diseases" (Section Onodera)
Internet <URL: http: // www. Kenkou. metro. tokyo. jp / shokuhin / >>
[0009]
On the other hand, the livestock industry has been developed in the suburbs near the city with the westernization of food, and the emission of livestock excrement has inevitably increased. Due to the state of runoff or the degree of purification of contaminated water, contamination of surrounding soil, water pollution and eutrophication due to inflow into rivers, and massive generation of harmful plankton due to eutrophication of sea bays into which river water flows Many problems have arisen, such as the deterioration of the breeding environment of the livestock barn itself, and the deterioration of the surrounding environment due to the spread of odors.
[0010]
In addition, while the increasing amount of urban garbage is being recycled as resources by sorting and collecting it, at present, garbage only relies on incineration at garbage disposal sites. However, garbage with a high moisture content consumes a large amount of fossil fuel for incineration and burning, and the increase in disposal costs due to this causes a heavy burden on local governments. The biological decomposition of garbage is at a stage where it can be turned into fertilizer, gas fuel and power generation associated with fermentation decomposition, and small-scale decomposition equipment used in homes and businesses has been put into practical use. In order to process a large amount of garbage collected by a local government or the like, a large-scale biodegradation tank is required, which requires enormous equipment costs and requires a long time for the decomposition process.
[0011]
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a method for treating organic solid waste such as the above-mentioned waste meat and meat-and-bone meal, by completely thermally decomposing pathogens such as abnormal prions contained in the waste and completely removing the pathogen. Innovative and simple equipment configuration enables low-cost, high-efficiency processing without using a large amount of fossil fuels, and the processed product becomes a safe and very useful recycle resource. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple processing method and a processing apparatus which can be preferably applied to the processing method, can surely prevent the discharge of harmful substances to the outside world, and can use a high degree of circulating use of heat energy.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of air introduction holes 36 in an inner bottom portion (inner bottom plate 25a) by referring to the drawings. , A heating exhaust pipe 50 having an exhaust introduction port 51 at the lower portion communicating with the furnace space 10 and an upper portion connected to an exhaust path (exhaust pipe 52) to the outside of the furnace. Is used to burn the organic solid waste (waste meat M, livestock bone B, livestock dung F, garbage G) dried in the furnace main body 20 of the carbonization furnace 1 using wood chips for combustion. T, and is ignited from the bottom of the furnace body 20, and thereafter, the flue gas G ₁ The organic solid wastes M, B, F, G and the wood chips T for combustion are spontaneously burned in a state of lack of oxygen by the red heat of the heating exhaust stack 50 due to the hot air, so that the organic solid wastes M, B , F and G are thermally decomposed and carbonized together with the wood chips T for combustion.
[0013]
The invention of claim 2 is directed to the method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the combustion exhaust gas G discharged from the heating exhaust pipe 50 of the carbonization furnace 1 is used. ₁ Is introduced into the gas reburning furnace 2 and reburned. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for treating organic solid waste according to the second aspect, the high-temperature exhaust gas G discharged from the gas reburning furnace 2 is used. ₂ Outside air A by heat exchange with ₀ And heated air A obtained ₁ Is cooled and dehumidified and dried by dew condensation of the contained water. ₂ Thus, the organic solid waste M, B, F, and G are dried.
[0014]
Further, the invention according to claim 4 is the method for treating organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of air introduced into the furnace main body 20 is adjusted so that the furnace temperature is not less than 300 ° C and 5 ° C. It is configured to continue for more than an hour and to go through a process of reaching 900 ° C. or more.
[0015]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the treatment method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the organic solid waste is mainly composed of body tissues of livestock (meat meat M, livestock bone B). . According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the processing method according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the organic solid waste is a granulated livestock excrement (livestock dung F), and the livestock before the granulation is processed. The excrement F is converted into the high temperature exhaust gas G from the gas reburning furnace 2. ₂ Pre-drying by hot air. Further, in the invention according to claim 7, in the treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the organic solid waste is garbage G, and the garbage G is mixed with the wood chips T for combustion. It is to be loaded into the furnace body 20 of the carbonization furnace 1.
[0016]
On the other hand, the apparatus for treating organic solid waste according to the invention of claim 8 comprises a substantially closed furnace main body 20 having a plurality of air introduction holes 36 in an inner bottom (inner bottom plate 25a) and a lower furnace space in a lower part. A heating exhaust pipe 50 is provided, which has an exhaust introduction port 51 communicating with the exhaust pipe 10 and has an upper part connected to an exhaust path (exhaust pipe part 2) to the outside of the furnace, and an organic substance charged at the bottom part as an ignition part (ignition chamber 26). A self-combustion type carbonizing furnace 1 which spontaneously combusts and solidifies solid wastes M, B, F and G together with a wood chip T for combustion, and a combustion exhaust gas G discharged from a heating exhaust pipe 50 of the carbonizing furnace 1 ₁ Reburning furnace 2 for reburning gas, and high-temperature exhaust gas G discharged from the gas reburning furnace 2 ₂ And introduction outside air A ₀ Exchange section (heat exchange jacket 2c) for exchanging heat with air, and heated air A derived from the heat exchange section 2c. ₁ Device 3 for dehumidifying by dew condensation by water cooling, and dry air A dehumidified by the cooling device 3 for the organic solid wastes M, B, F, and G before being loaded into the carbonization furnace 1. ₂ And a dehumidifying dryer 4 for performing a drying process.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a method and an apparatus for treating organic solid waste according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show flowcharts of the respective processing methods of the first to fourth embodiments, and FIGS. 5 to 8 show examples of the configuration of a natural carbonization furnace used in the processing methods.
[0018]
The flowchart of FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which the processing method of the present invention is applied to the processing of waste meat M, in which 1 is a natural carbonization furnace, 2 is a gas reburning furnace, 3 is a cooling device, Denotes a dehumidifier / dryer, 5 denotes a water heater, and 6a and 6b denote fans interposed in the air supply path.
[0019]
In this first embodiment, the waste meat M to be treated is firstly dewatered to some extent in the dehumidifier / dryer 4 and then loaded into the natural carbonization furnace 1 together with the wood chips T for combustion. Carbonization is performed in the furnace 1 by spontaneous combustion. Thus, the flue gas G generated by the spontaneous combustion in the natural type carbonizing furnace 1 ₁ Is sent into the gas reburning furnace 2 through the fan 6a, and the air A sent from the dehumidifying dryer 4 in the gas reburning furnace 2 ₃ And the temperature is further increased by re-combustion using the gas burner 2a and discharged to the smoke exhaust tube 2b. When the air passes through the smoke exhaust tube 2b, the air introduced into the heat exchange jacket 2c provided outside is discharged. A ₀ High-temperature exhaust gas G that exchanges heat with ₂ The water is then sent to the water heater 5, further cooled by exchanging heat with water in the water heater 5, and discharged to the outside through an exhaust port 5 a provided at the outlet of the water heater 5.
[0020]
The air A introduced into the heat exchange jacket 2c ₀ Is heated by the heat exchange in the course of passing through the spirally formed air passage in the jacket 2c, and the heated air A ₁ The cooling air is sent to the cooling device 3 and exchanges heat with the cooling water circulated and supplied through the cooling tower 3b in the condensation chamber 3a of the cooling device 3; ₂ Is sent to the dehumidifying dryer 4 via the fan 6b, and performs a function of drying the waste meat M in the dryer 4. Then, the air A containing the water transferred from the waste meat M ₃ Is sent from the dehumidifying dryer 4 to the gas reburning furnace 2, and the flue gas G from the carbonizing furnace 1 is ₁ And is recombusted.
[0021]
Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the self-combustion type carbonizing furnace 1 is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape with a bottom and has a material opening 21 at an upper end opening, and the material opening 21 of the furnace body 20 is closed. An opening / closing lid 40 is provided, and a metal heating exhaust pipe 50 is provided upright at the center of the furnace body 20.
[0022]
The furnace main body 20 has a double wall structure in which a peripheral wall portion 20a is provided with a heat insulating material 23 between inner and outer metal plates 22a and 22b. Are provided at predetermined intervals along the vertical direction. The thermocouple insertion holes 24 can be closed by plugs (not shown). An ignition chamber 26 is formed on the bottom 20b of the furnace body 20 between a metal upper bottom plate 25a and a lower bottom plate 25b, and a short cylindrical relay chamber 26a protruding downward from the ignition chamber 26; An ignition heat source introducing cylinder 27 extending forward from the relay chamber 26a is provided, and has an outside air suction port 28 opened to the side of the ignition chamber 26. As shown in FIG. 6, an outside air suction pipe 29 having one end open to the outside is connected to the outside air suction port 28, and a flow control valve 30 is interposed in the middle of the outside air suction pipe 29.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, trapezoidal support frames 32a and 32b are provided upright on both left and right sides of the furnace body 20, and bearings 33a and 33a provided on the upper ends of the support frames 32a and 32b are provided. By pivoting the pivots 31a, 31b projecting on the left and right sides of the furnace body 20 at a position slightly lower than the furnace body 33b, the furnace body 20 is set upright on both the support frames 32a, 32b as shown by the solid line in FIG. It is supported so as to be convertible to the falling posture shown by the virtual line. Numeral 34 denotes a posture changing handle protruding from the gear box 35 on the bearing 33b side, and the furnace body 20 is turned upside down through a worm reduction gear mechanism (not shown) in the gear box 35 by a rotation operation thereof. It is made to let.
[0024]
The heating exhaust pipe 50 has a lower end set on the upper bottom plate 25 a in the furnace main body 20, and a closed upper end is set to a height reaching the vicinity of the material port 21 of the furnace main body 20. An exhaust pipe 51 having a large number of holes and extending horizontally from the vicinity of the upper end to the rear penetrates the peripheral wall portion 20a of the furnace body 20 and protrudes to the rear. Thus, an on-off valve 53 with a lever is interposed on the outer side of the exhaust pipe section 52, and a flexible pipe 54 connected to the gas reburning furnace 2 (see FIG. 1) has a one-touch clamp joint 55 at the outer end thereof. Connected through.
[0025]
In addition, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 8, positioning protruding pieces 36 arranged around the heating exhaust pipe 50 to prevent the heating exhaust pipe 50 from being displaced, on the upper bottom plate 25 a of the furnace body 20, A large number of air inflow holes 37 arranged at an appropriate distance from each other are formed in a region excluding the central portion of the heating and exhausting cylinder 50, and a chevron for preventing blockage is formed above each of the air inflow holes 36. The cover piece 37a is fixed by welding. Further, as shown in the direction of the arrow AA in FIG. 8, a damper holding portion 27 a having upper and lower guide grooves is provided at the inlet 27 a side of the ignition heat source introducing cylinder 27. A damper 38 having a communication hole 37a is fitted to the holding portion 27a so as to be movable left and right, and the damper 38 is opened from the open state where the communication hole 38a matches the inlet 27b of the ignition heat source introduction cylinder 27 as shown by a virtual line in the figure. By pushing in 38, the entrance 27b can be shut off.
[0026]
The opening / closing lid 40 is formed separately from the furnace main body 20 in a circular thick plate shape in which a heat insulating material 41 is interposed between metal front and back plates 40a and 40b. A pair of right and left columns 42a and 42b are provided upright at the rear of the furnace body 20, and a pair of right and left inverted V-shaped mounting arms 44 and 44 are provided on a pivot 43 provided between upper portions of both columns 42a and 42b. An opening / closing lid 40 is attached to the front ends of the mounting arms 44, 44, and a prismatic balance weight 45 is fixed to the rear ends of the mounting arms 44, 44. A gear box 45 forming a bearing of the pivot 43 is provided at the upper end of the right column 42b, and the worm reduction in the gear box 45 is performed by rotating a cover opening / closing handle 46 protruding from the gear box 45. The pivot 43 rotates integrally with the two mounting arms 44, 44 via a gear mechanism (not shown), whereby the opening / closing lid 40 is switched between the closed position shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 and the open position shown by the imaginary line. It is configured as follows.
[0027]
A plurality of handle-type clamps 39 are pivotally mounted on the periphery of the material entrance 21 of the furnace body 20 at predetermined intervals so as to be vertically rotatable. A grooved projection 46 corresponding to the tool 39 is protrudingly provided. With the opening / closing lid 40 covering the material entrance 21, the shaft 39 a of each clamp tool 39 is fitted to the groove of the grooved projection 46 (not shown). ), And by turning and tightening the handle portion 39b, the opening / closing lid 40 is set to be pressed against the material port 21 to be in a sealed state. In FIGS. 5 to 7, only one or two of the clamps 39 are shown to avoid complicating the drawings.
[0028]
In the processing of the waste meat M of the first embodiment, the waste meat M that has been dried by the dehumidifying dryer 4 is loaded together with the wood chips T for combustion into the furnace body 20 of the natural carbonization furnace 1 as described above. However, at the time of this loading, as shown in FIG. 7, a layer of the wood chips T is formed at the lowermost part, a waste M is filled thereon, and a layer of the wood chips T is further formed at the uppermost part. Good. This is because the presence of the layer of flammable wood chips T at the bottom allows the process from ignition to spontaneous combustion to proceed smoothly, and that the layers of wood chips T at the bottom and top are at low temperatures in the initial heating stage. This is because it functions as a cover for preventing scattering of the waste meat components that are easily generated.
[0029]
The wood chips T for combustion to be used include thinned wood and bamboo, thinned pruning trees, offcuts and remnants from sawmilling and processing processes, wood chips from construction, and waste products from wood and bamboo. Various kinds of unnecessary materials such as waste materials generated in home demolition and house demolition, and nut shells such as nut shells can be used. There is no particular limitation on the size and form of the wood chips T. Even if the sizes are not uniform, there is no problem. However, if the size is too large, the ventilation path in the load layer becomes uneven, and conversely, it is too small. In this case, the gap between them becomes small, and the propagation of hot air from below to above is inhibited.
[0030]
The usage ratio of the waste meat M and the wood chips T is not particularly limited, but is generally about 1/1 to 5/1 in terms of the weight ratio of M: T, and the process from ignition to spontaneous combustion is smooth. It is preferable that the wood chips T constituting the lowermost layer of the furnace space are set to a range of about 5 to 30% by volume with respect to the waste meat M.
[0031]
After the waste meat M is thus loaded into the natural carbonization furnace 1 together with the wood chips T for combustion, the inlet 27a of the ignition heat source introduction cylinder 27 is opened, and the ignition heat source such as the flame of the gas burner 60 is opened as shown in FIG. It is introduced into the introduction cylinder 27. As a result, the combustion gas of the ignition heat source and the heated air fill the ignition chamber 26 via the relay chamber 26a in a mixed state, and further enter the furnace space 10 through the air introduction holes 37 of the inner bottom plate 25a. Thus, the lowermost wood chips T are ignited, and thermal decomposition by their spontaneous combustion is started. Thus, the inlet 27a of the ignition heat source introducing cylinder 27 is closed by the damper 38 when the lowermost wood chips T start spontaneous combustion.
[0032]
Along with the start of the spontaneous combustion, the generated high-temperature combustion gas rises through the gap between the wood chips T and propagates the hot air from below to above, and a part of the combustion gas is discharged into the exhaust inlets 51. The lower portion of the exhaust tube 50 is heated from both inside and outside by the hot air of the sucked combustion gas and the hot air generated by the spontaneous combustion of the surrounding wood chips T. Then, as the spontaneous combustion further spreads, the reddish portion of the exhaust stack 50 gradually expands upward due to the increased hot air and heat storage of the combustion gas, and finally the entire heated exhaust stack 50 becomes a red hot state. As a result, the waste meat M is heated by the hot air rising from below and the hot air radiated from the heated exhaust pipe 50 to the surroundings, and is thermally decomposed from both the lower side and the center side of the deposition layer. At first, the temperature reaches the spontaneous combustion temperature and spontaneously burns, and as the region of the spontaneous combustion and thermal decomposition expands, the heating exhaust pipe 50 further increases in temperature due to an increase in the amount of combustion gas flowing therein, thereby increasing heat radiation to the surroundings. The progress of the thermal decomposition reaction and the expansion of the spontaneous combustion region are accelerated by the synergistic effect, so that the entire furnace space 10 eventually becomes a uniform high temperature state, and all of the loaded waste M and wood chips T are thermally decomposed.
[0033]
In this carbonization process, the combustion exhaust gas G from the heated exhaust stack 50 ₁ The outside air is sucked into the ignition chamber 26 from the outside air suction port 28 along with the discharge of the air, and the amount of the outside air sucked is restricted by a flow control valve 30 provided in the middle of the outside air suction pipe 29, thereby the furnace space is reduced. Maintain 10 in an oxygen deficient state. As a result, the waste meat M and the wood chips T continue to be thermally decomposed in a state in which the carbon component hardly burns due to incomplete combustion, and eventually carbonize completely inside. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas G discharged from the heating stack 50 ₁ Is sent to the gas reburning furnace 2 and recombusted as described above, so that even if a small amount of organic matter is contained in the gas, it is completely decomposed.
[0034]
Further, the temperature in the furnace of the carbonization furnace 1 and the combustion exhaust gas G ₁ Is measured by a temperature sensor or the like, and the temperature inside the furnace can be adjusted by opening and closing and adjusting the opening degree of the flow control valve 30 according to the measured temperature. The opening and closing of the flow control valve 30 and the adjustment of the opening thereof are performed in such a manner that a processing temperature condition set based on test data obtained in advance is input to a control mechanism, and is automatically controlled in accordance with a temperature measured by a temperature sensor or the like. What is necessary is just to comprise.
[0035]
In the processing of the waste meat M of the first embodiment, it is preferable that the furnace temperature of the carbonization furnace 1 be set to be 300 ° C. or more, continue for 5 hours or more, and go through a process of 900 ° C. or more. That is, abnormal prions, which are pathogens of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), have the property of gradually denaturing or decomposing at temperatures of 300 ° C. or higher, lose their pathogenicity by prolonged heating, and at high temperatures of 700 to 900 ° C. Since it is completely thermally decomposed, the possibility of remaining in the carbide after the carbonization treatment can be completely eliminated by the above-mentioned temperature setting even if it exists in the waste meat M. In some cases, the furnace temperature history satisfies the above conditions even in a state where the flow control valve 30 is left at a constant opening degree, depending on the properties, the mixing ratio, and the like of the waste meat M to be treated and the auxiliary chips T.
[0036]
When the spontaneous combustion in the carbonization furnace 1 ends, the clamps 39 are removed, and as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 5, the opening / closing lid 40 is opened, and the carbonization furnace 1 is tilted forward to carbonize the inside. The processed material is scraped and stored in an appropriate container or bag.
[0037]
The obtained carbonized product is completely carbonized while maintaining the original woody chips T and waste meat M. The carbide of the waste meat M is composed of bone char whose shape is mainly composed of bone-derived calcium phosphate, charcoal derived from meat, and three-dimensional carbon whiskers derived from bone marrow trabecular bone. The carbide of the wood chips T is charcoal or bamboo charcoal having a carbon content of about 100%.
[0038]
The above-mentioned bone charcoal is an extremely tough porous substance, and contains about 50% of a calcium phosphate component and about 10% of carbon according to elemental analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Further, the results of the protein microanalysis show that the charcoal of the waste meat M has been completely thermally decomposed, including bone charcoal, and has been proved to contain no protein.
[0039]
In such a processing method, since the waste M is carbonized by the spontaneous combustion together with the wood chips T, only a very small amount of fuel is consumed as the ignition heat source at the start of the processing and the heat source of the gas reburning furnace 2, and furthermore, complete. Most of the carbon component remains without being ashed and burned. Therefore, according to this treatment method, compared with the conventional incineration of waste meat using fossil fuel, the energy consumption is extremely small, the treatment can be performed at extremely low cost, and the carbon dioxide emission is also reduced. Since it will be significantly reduced, the impact on the environment will be negligible, and will meet the carbon dioxide emission regulations ratified by the Kyoto Protocol.
[0040]
In addition, the carbonized product is carbonized so that no organic matter including protein is present in the inside, and even if abnormal prions and other pathogens are present in the original waste meat, it is completely thermally decomposed. Since there is no fear of remaining, the charcoal derived from the waste meat M is reused together with the charcoal or bamboo charcoal derived from the wood chips T as a safe carbonaceous material for various uses such as a soil improvement material, a hygroscopic material, and a water purification material. It is possible. In particular, three-dimensional carbon whiskers derived from bone marrow trabeculae have been found to be a unique carbon fiber having a three-dimensional network structure and exhibiting three-dimensional isotropic electrical conduction. Although it cannot be synthesized by conventional science and technology due to its structure based on tissue, it can be supplied in large quantities due to the spread of this treatment method, and its future application in the electrochemical field etc. is expected.
[0041]
Furthermore, in the processing method of the first embodiment, the high-temperature exhaust gas G ₂ Outside air A using the heat of ₀ And heated air A obtained ₁ Is cooled and dehumidified and dried. ₂ Since the waste M before the carbonization treatment is dried at, a heat source for the drying treatment is not required, and the moisture content of the waste M charged into the carbonization furnace 1 is reduced, so that the waste water during the carbonization treatment is reduced. In addition to reducing the effect of lowering the temperature due to the heat of vaporization of the water, the waste meat M becomes difficult to adhere to each other due to the drying of the surface, and a gap through which hot air passes is easily formed between the waste meat M, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Carbonization proceeds quickly. In addition, the introduced outside air A ₀ -Temperature exhaust gas G after heat exchange with ₂ Is discharged to the outside after passing through the water heater 5, so that the heat is further used for the production of hot water, so that the heat energy can be effectively used as close as possible throughout the treatment method.
[0042]
On the other hand, the air used for the drying treatment contains odors emitted from the waste meat M. In particular, when the waste meat M is putrefactive, there is a possibility that putrefactive bacteria, mold spores, etc. may be mixed together with a strong malodorous component. There is air A coming out of the dehumidifying dryer 4 ₃ Into the gas reburning furnace 2 and the flue gas G from the carbonization furnace 1 ₁ As a result, the odor and fungi are completely decomposed, and the gas released to the outside via the water heater 5 is odorless and contains no harmful components. Note that the furnace temperature of the gas reburning furnace 2 is preferably set to about 800 to 1000 ° C. in order to completely thermally decompose trace organic substances.
[0043]
[Processing example]
In the apparatus configuration shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1, a carbonization furnace 1 having a structure shown in FIGS. In this treatment, bamboo thinned wood chips having a length of 1 to 10 cm and a width of 1 to 3 cm are used as wood chips for combustion. First, 100 kg of the waste meat M is loaded into the dehumidifying dryer 4, while the carbonizing furnace 1 is filled with bamboo. 100 kg of only the thinned wood chips were loaded, the furnace temperature after heating by spontaneous combustion was set at about 450 ° C. to produce bamboo charcoal, and the gas reburning furnace 2 (furnace temperature about High-temperature exhaust gas G from (fixed at 800 ° C) ₂ And introduction outside air A ₀ Air obtained by heat exchange with water and dehumidifying and drying in the cooling device 3 ₂ (Temperature: 70 to 80 ° C., Humidity: 1 to 2%) was sent to the dehumidifier / dryer 4 to dry the waste meat M.
[0044]
Next, bamboo charcoal produced 15 hours after the ignition of the carbonization furnace 1 was taken out, and 85 Kg of bone-equipped meat removed from the dehumidifying dryer 4 (total amount ... 15 kg of drying loss) taken out of the bamboo charcoal in the carbonization furnace 1. 50 kg of thinned wood chips were loaded in such a manner that the total amount of bamboo thinned wood chips was divided in half to form the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer, and carbonized. In this process, the temperature control valve 30 was left at a constant opening without actively controlling the furnace temperature, and a thermocouple was inserted into the thermocouple insertion hole 24 to maintain the temperature at the upper position of the waste layer. Measured. The gas reburning furnace 2 was fixed at a furnace temperature of about 800 ° C., and dried air A obtained by the same heat exchange and dehumidification drying as described above. ₂ Was sent to the dehumidifier / dryer 4 and was used for drying the waste meat with bone used in the next treatment.
[0045]
When the opening / closing lid 40 of the carbonization furnace 1 was opened 15 hours after the ignition of the carbonization treatment, the spontaneous combustion was terminated. Then, when the carbonization furnace 1 was tilted forward and the carbonized product was taken out, all of the waste meat and the thinned bamboo-thinned wood were completely carbonized to the inside while maintaining the original shape. As shown in FIG. 9, the temperature at the top of the waste layer measured during the treatment reaches the maximum temperature of about 975 ° C. in about 30 minutes after ignition, and then reaches about 550 ° C. in about 1 hour after ignition. After that, it is kept at 350 ° C or higher for more than 10 hours, and even if abnormal prions and other pathogens are contained in the original meat, it is completely degraded and loses its pathogenicity Is evident.
[0046]
X-ray microanalyzer analysis was performed by selecting carbides derived from the waste meat from the removed carbonized products, and the detected elements were C, Fe, Ca, P, and K. Further, a scanning electron micrograph (magnification: 75) of the inside (meat part) of the carbide divided from the bone-derived surface smooth portion was taken, and the surface smooth portion was shown in FIG. ). Further, when a trace amount analysis of the protein was performed on this carbide, no protein was detected.
[0047]
The flowchart of FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment in which the processing method of the present invention is applied to the processing of livestock bone B. In the figure, 1 is a natural carbonization furnace, 2 is a gas reburning furnace, 3 is a cooling device, 4 is a dehumidifier / dryer, 5 is a water heater, and 6a and 6b are fans interposed in an air supply path. In common with the first embodiment, a roll crusher 7 is disposed above the dehumidifying dryer 4, and a belt conveyor 4a is attached to the lower part of the dehumidifying dryer 4. The carbonization furnace 1 is the same as that described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS.
[0048]
In the second embodiment, the livestock bone B to be treated is first crushed to an appropriate size by the roll crusher 7 and put into the lower dehumidifying dryer 4 to a certain extent in the dehumidifying dryer 4. After removing the water, it is dropped into the carbonizing furnace 1 via the belt conveyor 4a. At this time, the wood chips T for auxiliary combustion are also charged into the carbonization furnace 1 at the same time, and both B and T are carbonized in the carbonization furnace 1 by spontaneous combustion. The flow of the exhaust gas and the air is the same as in the first embodiment, and the combustion exhaust gas G ₁ Is sent into the gas reburning furnace 2 and the air A sent from the dehumidifying dryer 4 ₃ And is discharged to the smoke stack 2b, and the air A introduced into the heat exchange jacket 2c when passing through the smoke stack 2b. ₀ High-temperature exhaust gas G after heat exchange with ₂ And is cooled by exchanging heat with water before being discharged to the outside through an exhaust port 5a. Further, the heated air A heated by the heat exchange in the heat exchange jacket 2c. ₁ Is sent to the cooling device 3 to be dehumidified and dried by dew condensation of the contained water, and the dry air A ₂ Is sent to the dehumidifying dryer 4, and after drying the livestock bone B in the dryer 4, it is sent to the gas reburning furnace 2 and reburned.
[0049]
In the processing of the livestock bone B, when the livestock bone B and the wood chips T are loaded into the furnace main body 20 of the carbonization furnace 1, the process from ignition to spontaneous combustion proceeds smoothly, and component scattering in the initial stage of heating is prevented. In order to prevent this, it is recommended to form a layer of only the wood chips T at the lowermost and uppermost portions as in the first embodiment. However, since the livestock bone B has a small amount of flammable components, the intermediate portion is also required. It is desirable that the livestock bone B and the wood chips T are mixed. In addition, the same wood chips T as the first embodiment can be used as the wood chips T for assisting combustion. However, since the flammable component of the livestock bone B is small, the usage ratio of the livestock bone B and the wood chip T is B / T. It is recommended that the weight of the wood chips T be larger than that of the waste meat M, which is about 0.5 / 1 to 2/1 in weight ratio.
[0050]
The carbonization process itself is the same as in the first embodiment. An ignition heat source such as a flame of the gas burner 60 is introduced into the ignition heat source introduction cylinder 27 of the carbonization furnace 1 to ignite the lowermost wood chips T. At the time when the spontaneous combustion starts, the inlet 27a of the ignition heat source introducing cylinder 27 may be closed, and the inside of the furnace may be set to a moderate oxygen deficiency state by adjusting the flow control valve 30. Thus, the heated exhaust pipe 50 gradually glows red from the lower portion due to the hot air of the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the spontaneous combustion, and the livestock bone B and the wood chips T glow with the hot air rising from below. It is heated by the hot air radiated from the heating exhaust pipe 50 to the surroundings, starts to be thermally decomposed from both the lower side and the center side, further reaches the self-combustion temperature, spontaneously burns, and eventually the entire furnace space 10 has a uniform high temperature state. , And all of the loaded livestock bone B and wood chips T are completely pyrolyzed to the inside to become carbide. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas G discharged from the heating stack 50 ₁ Is sent to the gas reburning furnace 2 and recombusted as described above, so that even if a small amount of organic matter is contained in the gas, it is completely decomposed.
[0051]
The furnace temperature of the carbonizing furnace 1 can be adjusted by opening and closing the flow control valve 30 and adjusting the opening degree as described above. However, even in the processing of the livestock bone M of the second embodiment, the pathogenicity caused by abnormal prions and other pathogens is reduced. In order to complete the loss, it is preferable that the temperature is maintained at 300 ° C. or more for 5 hours or more and a process of 900 ° C. or more is performed, as in the first embodiment.
[0052]
Thus, the carbonized product taken out of the carbonization furnace 1 after the spontaneous combustion has been terminated is completely carbonized while maintaining the original form of the livestock bone B and the wood chips T. Bone charcoal, which is a carbide of livestock bone B, is an extremely tough porous substance, and contains about 50% of a calcium phosphate component and about 10% of carbon similarly to the bone portion of the above-mentioned waste meat B. However, it has been proved that the organic component has been completely thermally decomposed and contains protein by protein microanalysis.
[0053]
The flowchart of FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment in which the processing method of the present invention is applied to the processing of livestock dung F such as cow dung and horse dung. In the figure, 1 is a natural carbonization furnace, 2A and 2B are gas reburning furnaces, 3 is a cooling device, 4 is a dehumidifier / dryer, 5 is a water heater, 6a and 6b are fans interposed in an air supply path, and 8 is a carrier. A lift, 9 is a primary hot-air dryer, 11 is a quantitative feeder, 12 is a granulator, and 13 is a paddle type mixer. The carbonization furnace 1 is the same as that used in the first and second embodiments, and the gas reburning furnace 2A adjacent to the carbonization furnace 1 is also the gas reburning furnace in the first and second embodiments. 2, except that a gas reburning furnace 2B is provided, and a screw conveyor 4b is provided below the dehumidifying dryer 4.
[0054]
In the third embodiment, the livestock dung F to be treated is first sent to the primary hot-air dryer 9 by the transport lift 8, and after being removed to some extent in the hot-air dryer 9, is fed into the fixed-quantity feeder 11. Then, the fixed amount feeder 11 supplies a fixed amount to the granulator 12 at a predetermined feed rate, and extrudes the granules from the granulator 12 into granules of a required size and stores the granules in the dehumidifying dryer 4. Then, the granular livestock dung F, which was kept in the dehumidifying dryer 4 for a predetermined time to further remove the water, was charged into the paddle type mixer 13 via the screw conveyor 4b, and was also charged into the mixer 13 similarly. The mixture is stirred and mixed with the wood chips T for combustion support, loaded into the carbonization furnace 1 in the state of this mixture, and carbonized by spontaneous combustion.
[0055]
Combustion exhaust gas G generated from the carbonization furnace 1 during the carbonization process ₁ Is sent into the gas reburning furnace 2A, is further heated by the reburning using the gas burner 2a, and is discharged to the smoke stack 2b. When passing through the smoke stack 2b, the outer heat exchange jacket 2c Air A introduced into ₀ High-temperature exhaust gas G that exchanges heat with ₂ Then, it is sent into the primary hot-air dryer 9 and is subjected to hot-air drying of the livestock dung F in the dryer 9. Further, the gas G containing the foul odor and moisture generated from the livestock dung F through the hot air drying ₃ Is the air A sent from the dehumidifying dryer 4 ₃ Is sent to the gas reburning furnace 2B, sent to the water heater 5 after reburning by the gas burner 2a, cooled by heat exchange with water, and then exhausted at the outlet of the water heater 5 It is released to the outside through the mouth 5a. On the other hand, the heated air A that has undergone heat exchange in the heat exchange jacket 2c ₁ Is sent to the cooling device 3 to be dehumidified and dried. ₂ After drying the granular livestock dung F in the dryer 4, the air A containing the water transferred from the livestock dung F ₃ The above gas G ₄ And sent to the gas reburning furnace 2B.
[0056]
By the way, in the carbonization treatment of the livestock dung F, if the livestock dung F is in the original state, in addition to containing a large amount of water, the whole becomes in a close contact state when loaded into the carbonization furnace 1, so that the spontaneous combustion causes It is almost impossible to carbonize. However, in this treatment method, the livestock dung F is granulated, dried, and further loaded into the carbonization furnace 1 in a state of being mixed with the wood chips T. A gap for passing hot air is secured between the wood chips T and the wood chips T. In addition, the reduction of the water content of the livestock dung F itself and the mixture of the flammable wood chips T make it possible to efficiently promote spontaneous combustion and carbonize. It becomes possible. Further, in this processing method, the original livestock dung F is converted into the high-temperature exhaust gas G from the gas reburning furnace 2A in the primary hot air dryer 9. ₂ Therefore, granulation by the granulator 12 is facilitated by previously drying with hot air.
[0057]
In the carbonization process of the third embodiment, in order to smoothly progress the process from ignition to spontaneous combustion, apart from the mixture of the particulate livestock dung F and the wood chips T for combustion, the same woody material is used. It is recommended that a layer of only the woody chips T be formed at the bottom using the chips T and the mixture is loaded thereon. Thus, the use ratio between the livestock dung F and the wood chips T may generally be about 1/1 to 5/1 in terms of the weight ratio of F / T.
[0058]
The temperature in the furnace of the carbonization furnace 1 may be maintained at 300 ° C. or more for 5 hours or more because the livestock dung F has no problem of abnormal prions such as the waste meat M and the livestock bone B. The temperature may be set to be higher than or equal to ° C. The temperature inside the gas reburning furnaces 2A and 2B may be set to about 800 to 1000 ° C.
[0059]
In the treatment method of the third embodiment, the spontaneous combustion is terminated and the carbonized product taken out of the carbonizing furnace 1 is made of charcoal or bamboo charcoal with the wood chips T carbonized and charcoal particles with the granular livestock dung F carbonized. However, both are completely thermally decomposed to the inside, contain no organic matter, and are odorless, so that they can be effectively used as soil improvement materials and the like. In addition, since the livestock dung F is subjected to primary hot air drying and drying after granulation using heat from spontaneous combustion in the carbonizing furnace 1 and heat from reburning in the reburning furnace 2A, fuel consumed is carbonized. Only a very small amount is required as the ignition heat source of the furnace 1 and the heat source of the gas reburning furnaces 2A and 2B, so that the livestock dung F can be efficiently purified at extremely low cost. Moreover, the gas G from the primary hot air dryer 9 ₃ And air A coming out of the dehumidifying dryer 4 ₃ Contains an intense foul odor of the livestock dung F, and since the foul odor component is thermally decomposed by reburning in the reburning furnace 2B, the gas finally discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 5a of the water heater 5 Is also odorless, and there is no concern that odors will be released to the surrounding area. Therefore, this treatment method is sufficiently cost-effective as a fundamental treatment means for livestock excrement, and can maintain the treatment facility and the surrounding environment in a sanitary manner.
[0060]
The flowchart of FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment in which the processing method of the present invention is applied to the processing of garbage. In the figure, 1 is a natural carbonization furnace, 2 is a gas reburning furnace, 3 is a cooling device, 4 is a dehumidifier / dryer with a belt conveyor 4a attached to the lower part, 5 is a water heater, and 6a and 6b are interposed in the air supply path. The fan 13 is a paddle type mixer. The carbonization furnace 1 is the same as that used in the first to third embodiments.
[0061]
In the fourth embodiment, the garbage G to be treated is first stirred and mixed with the wood chips T for combustion by a paddle type mixer, and the mixture is put into the dehumidifying dryer 4 in the state of the mixture. After removing water to a certain extent, it is charged into the carbonization furnace 1 via the belt conveyor 4a and carbonized by spontaneous combustion. Combustion exhaust gas G from this carbonization furnace 1 ₁ Is sent to the gas reburning furnace 2 where it is reburned and discharged to the smoke stack 2b. The air A introduced into the heat exchange jacket 2c when passing through the smoke stack 2b ₀ High-temperature exhaust gas G after heat exchange with ₂ And is cooled by exchanging heat with water before being discharged to the outside through an exhaust port 5a. Further, the heated air A heated by the heat exchange in the heat exchange jacket 2c. ₁ Is sent to the cooling device 3 to be dehumidified and dried by dew condensation of the contained water, and the dry air A ₂ Is sent to the dehumidifying dryer 4 to dry the mixture of the garbage G and the wood chips T, and then the air A containing the moisture transferred from the mixture. ₃ As a result, a part of the air A is discharged to the outside and the rest is newly introduced air A. ₀ And is returned to the heat exchange jacket 2c.
[0062]
In the fourth embodiment, although a large amount of water is contained in the garbage G to be treated, the carbonizing furnace 1 is preliminarily mixed with the flammable wood chips T, and the dehumidifying dryer 4 removes water to some extent. After that, it is charged into the carbonization furnace 1, so that it is possible to efficiently promote the spontaneous combustion and carbonize. Thus, even in the carbonization treatment in this case, in order to smoothly progress the process from ignition to spontaneous combustion, apart from the mixture of the granular livestock dung F and the wood chips T for combustion, the same wood chips T are used. It is recommended that a layer of only the wood chips T be formed at the lowermost portion, and the mixture is loaded thereon. However, the usage ratio between the garbage G and the wood chips T may generally be about 1/1 to 5/1 by weight of G / T.
[0063]
The temperature in the furnace of the carbonization furnace 1 may be 300 ° C. or more and continue for 5 hours or more as in the case of the livestock dung F, but may be set to go through a process of 900 ° C. or more if necessary. In particular, if there is a possibility that chlorine-containing components such as vinyl chloride film may be mixed in the garbage G, in order to prevent the generation of dioxins, the furnace temperature must be set to 900 ° C. It is desirable to do. Also, the temperature inside the gas reburning furnace 2 may be generally about 600 to 1000 ° C., but if there is a possibility that a chlorine-containing component may be mixed in the garbage G as described above, The temperature is preferably set to 900 ° C. or higher in order to surely decompose dioxins.
[0064]
In the carbonization process of the fourth embodiment, the carbonized product taken out of the carbonization furnace 1 after the spontaneous combustion is terminated is made of charcoal or bamboo charcoal obtained by carbonizing the wood chips T, and charcoal leaving the garbage G form. Since both of them are completely thermally decomposed to the inside and contain no organic matter and are odorless, they can be reused for various uses such as a soil conditioner, a moisture absorbent, and a water purification material. Thus, in this treatment method, the garbage G is carbonized by spontaneous combustion in a form in which almost all of the carbon component remains, and furthermore, heat generated by the spontaneous combustion in the carbonizing furnace 1 and heat generated by the reburning in the reburning furnace 2 are used. Since the pre-drying is performed, the fuel consumption is significantly reduced and the processing can be performed at extremely low cost, and the carbonization furnace 1 and Since it is easy to set the furnace temperature of the gas reburning furnace 2 to a high temperature such as 900 ° C. or higher, even when other miscellaneous mixed components are present in the garbage G, toxic components and environmental Hormonal components and the like can be reliably prevented from being emitted.
[0065]
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, hot water is produced by passing the exhaust gas through the water heater 5 before discharging the exhaust gas to the outside. However, the heat of the exhaust gas is used to dry, keep warm, and heat various materials. It can be used for applications that use various thermal energies other than hot water production. Further, the organic solid waste to be treated is not limited to the waste meat M, livestock bone B, livestock dung F, and garbage G, but also includes those belonging to non-living tissues such as plastics and fiber materials. However, this processing method and processing apparatus are particularly suitable for processing solid waste mainly composed of living tissues and excrement of animals and plants, and although not illustrated, meat-and-bone meal made from body tissues of livestock has not been exemplified. It is also very useful for processing. The organic solid waste referred to in the present invention excludes a woody material that is an original charcoal raw material such as wood or bamboo as a wood chip for combustion support.
[0066]
However, since the processing apparatus of the present invention is very simple in configuration as exemplified in the first to fourth embodiments, it is easy to reduce the size and the size of the processing apparatus according to the required processing amount. In addition, the equipment cost is low, and depending on the properties of the organic solid waste to be treated, various suitable methods such as pulverization, mixing, hot air drying, granulation, etc. in the preparation stage before drying treatment to carbonization treatment are performed. The processing efficiency and work efficiency can be improved by adding a pretreatment means, and the heat generated in the processing can be effectively used in various forms.
[0067]
The design of the carbonization furnace can be changed in various ways besides the structure illustrated in FIGS. That is, in the illustrated pivotable pivot structure, it is easy to take out the carbonized material after the treatment, but for example, a fixed type is provided with an outlet for the carbonized material at the lower portion, or the material is lifted by a crane or the like. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the carbonized product is taken out by inclining or reversing it. Further, the number of heating exhaust pipes provided in the furnace body of the carbonization furnace may be set to a plurality of pipes, and the heating exhaust pipe is constituted by an inner pipe portion of the heating exhaust pipe having a double cylindrical exhaust path from the upper end thereof. Alternatively, it is also possible to configure a pipeline that is turned from the upper end to the bottom side of the furnace main body. Further, the heat exchange section between the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas reburning furnace and the introduced outside air may be provided at an arbitrary position in the flue that leads to the release of the high-temperature exhaust gas to the outside, and the heat exchange section extends over substantially the entire length of the flue. An exchange unit may be configured.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1, as a method of treating organic solid waste such as waste meat and meat-and-bone meal, a self-burning carbonization furnace having a specific structure is used, and an organic solid waste which is dried in the furnace body of the carbonization furnace is used. After the waste is loaded together with the wood chips for combustion and ignited from the bottom of the furnace body, the organic solid waste is spontaneously burned in an oxygen-deficient state with red heat of a heating exhaust pipe arranged in the furnace body. Is carbonized by pyrolysis together with the wood chips for combustion, so that the carbonized product after treatment is completely carbonized to the inside and contains no organic matter, and the waste is the body tissue of livestock. Even if it contains pathogens such as abnormal prions, it can be completely decomposed by thermal decomposition and reliably rendered harmless.Furthermore, filth such as animal excrement and garbage can be completely purified. Use fossil fuels High efficiency at very low cost, avoiding large amounts of carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere like conventional incineration by incineration and burning, and the processed product is safe and very useful as carbonaceous material An epoch-making processing method that becomes an important recycle resource is provided.
[0069]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the method for treating organic solid waste, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the heating stack of the carbonization furnace is guided into the gas reburning furnace to be reburned. Even if trace amounts of organic matter are included in the exhaust gas, it can be completely thermally decomposed by reburning, ensuring that pathogen components, toxic components, harmful components such as environmental hormones, and odor components are released to the outside with the exhaust gas. Can be stopped.
[0070]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the method for treating organic solid waste, the temperature of the introduced outside air is increased by heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas reburning furnace, and the obtained heated air is cooled. Dehumidification drying by dew condensation of the contained water, since the drying process of the organic solid waste is performed by this dry air, in addition to improving the carbonization treatment efficiency by reducing the water content of the waste to be treated, Since a separate heat source for the drying treatment is not required, the energy consumption can be reduced and the treatment cost can be reduced.
[0071]
According to the invention of claim 4, in the above-mentioned method for treating organic solid waste, by adjusting the amount of air introduced into the furnace main body in the carbonization furnace, the furnace temperature is maintained at 300 ° C. or more and continues for 5 hours or more. Since the temperature is set to be higher than 900 ° C., pathogens such as abnormal prions contained in the waste can be completely decomposed by thermal decomposition in the carbonization process, and can be completely rendered harmless.
[0072]
According to the invention of claim 5, in the above method for treating organic solid waste, the organic solid waste is mainly composed of body tissues of livestock, and the meat of livestock disposed of on suspicion of sickness or death Low cost and efficient carbonization of bone, internal organs and other body tissues, meat-and-bone meal stored forbidden use, and waste meat including bones and internal organs continuously generated in large quantities during the meat manufacturing process And complete detoxification.
[0073]
According to the invention of claim 6, in the method for treating organic solid waste, the organic solid waste is granulated livestock excreta, and the livestock excreta before granulation is converted into the gas reburning furnace. Pre-treatment of hot air drying with high-temperature exhaust gas from the garbage can be efficiently spontaneously combusted and completely thermally decomposed, even though it is originally an object that is difficult to carbonize. In addition, it can be converted into a useful carbonaceous material as a soil conditioner and the like, and the high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas reburning furnace is used for hot air drying in the pretreatment, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire treatment.
[0074]
According to the invention of claim 7, in the method for treating organic solid waste, the organic solid waste is garbage, and the garbage is mixed with the wood chips for combustion in the furnace of the carbonization furnace. Since it is loaded into the main body, it is possible to efficiently promote spontaneous combustion and carbonize even though the non-processed material is garbage with a high moisture content, and it is completely complete like conventional garbage incineration. Compared to burning incinerated fuel, fuel consumption is significantly reduced, and processing can be performed at extremely low cost.
[0075]
According to the invention of claim 8, as an organic solid waste processing apparatus, it can be applied to the above-mentioned processing method, can perform processing efficiently at low cost, and can reliably prevent discharge of harmful substances to the outside world. At the same time, heat energy can be highly circulated and used, and the structure is very simple, so it is easy to reduce the size and size of the equipment to meet the required processing amount, and the equipment cost can be reduced. Is done.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for treating organic solid waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for treating organic solid waste according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for treating organic solid waste according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a method for treating organic solid waste according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a carbonization furnace used in the processing method and the processing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the carbonization furnace.
FIG. 7 is a vertical side view of the carbonization furnace.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a lower portion of the carbonization furnace.
FIG. 9 is a correlation diagram showing the relationship between the in-furnace temperature of the carbonization furnace and the processing time in the processing example of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a scanning micrograph of a carbide of waste meat treated in the same processing example, (A) showing a smooth surface portion, and (B) showing a broken interior.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Carbonization furnace
2 Gas reburning furnace
2A, 2B gas reburning furnace
2a Gas burner
2b Exhaust stack (heat exchange section)
2c Heat exchange jacket (heat exchange part)
3 Cooling device
3a Dew condensation room
3b Cooling tower
4 Dehumidifying dryer
5 water heater
5a Exhaust port
6a, 6b fan
7 Roll crusher
8 Transport lift
9 Primary hot air dryer
10 Furnace space
11 Metering machine
12 Granulator
13 Buddle type mixer
20 Furnace body
25a Inner bottom plate (inner bottom)
26 Ignition chamber (ignition section)
36 Air inlet
40 Open / close lid
50 heating exhaust
51 Exhaust inlet
52 Exhaust pipe (exhaust passage)
A ₀ Inlet air
A ₁ Heated air
A ₂ Dry air
A ₃ Air from the dehumidifying dryer
G ₁ Combustion exhaust gas
G ₂ High temperature exhaust gas
G ₃ Exhaust gas from primary hot air dryer
M waste meat (body tissue of livestock)
B Livestock bones (body organization of livestock)
F Livestock droppings (excrement)
G garbage
T Wood chips for combustion support

Claims (8)

Self-combustion in which a heated exhaust cylinder with an exhaust introduction port communicating with the furnace space at the lower part and an upper part connected to an exhaust path to the outside of the furnace is arranged in a substantially hermetic furnace body having a plurality of air introduction holes at the inner bottom. Using a carbonization furnace, the dried organic solid waste is loaded into the furnace body of the carbonization furnace together with wood chips for combustion, ignited from the bottom of the furnace body, and thereafter the hot air of the combustion exhaust gas passing through the heated exhaust cylinder The organic solid waste and the wood chips for combustion are spontaneously burned in an oxygen-deficient state with the red heat of the heated exhaust stack, thereby pyrolyzing and carbonizing the organic solid waste together with the wood chips for combustion. A method for treating organic solid waste. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the heating stack of the carbonization furnace is introduced into a gas reburning furnace for reburning. The temperature of the introduced outside air is raised by heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas reburning furnace, and the obtained heated air is cooled and dehumidified and dried by dew condensation of the contained water. The method for treating organic solid waste according to claim 2, wherein the drying treatment is performed. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein by adjusting the amount of air introduced into the furnace main body in the carbonization furnace, the furnace temperature is set to continue at a temperature of 300 ° C or more for 5 hours or more and to go to a temperature of 900 ° C or more. The method for treating an organic solid waste according to item 1. The method for treating organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the organic solid waste is mainly composed of body tissues of livestock. The organic solid waste is a granulated livestock excreta, and a pretreatment of subjecting the livestock excrement before granulation to hot air drying with high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas reburning furnace is performed. The method for treating an organic solid waste according to item 1. The organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the organic solid waste is garbage, and the garbage is loaded into a furnace body of the carbonization furnace in a mixed state with the wood chips for combustion. Processing method. A heating exhaust pipe is provided in a substantially hermetic furnace main body having a plurality of air introduction holes at an inner bottom portion, the lower portion having an exhaust introduction port communicating with the furnace space, and the upper portion being connected to an exhaust path to the outside of the furnace, A self-combustion type carbonizing furnace that spontaneously combusts and loads organic solid waste loaded with a wood chip for combustion as a firing portion at the bottom side, and a gas refueling system that reburns combustion exhaust gas discharged from a heated exhaust stack of the carbonizing furnace. A combustion furnace, a heat exchange unit that exchanges heat between the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas reburning furnace and the introduced outside air, and a cooling device that performs dehumidification by dew condensation by water-cooling heated air derived from the heat exchange unit. A dehumidifying dryer for drying the organic solid waste before being charged into the carbonization furnace with dry air dehumidified by the cooling device.

Images