JP2004324657A - Sliding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding device capable of sliding a table stably and assuring a high stiffness, a small sliding resistance, and a long useful life longevity. <P>SOLUTION: The sliding device is structured so that the undersurface of the table 21 is guided on the oversurfaces of guide members 14 and 16 in the form of sliding support, wherein a rolling member 30 and a pressing member 32 are installed between one side face of the table 21 and those side faces of the guide members 14 and 16 mating with the mentioned side face of the table 21, which is guided by the side faces of the guide members 14 and 16 through the rolling member 30 in the form of rolling support, while the pressing member 32 gives a pressing force to between the side face of the table 21 and the side faces of the guide members 14 and 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sliding device configured to guide a lower surface of a table on an upper surface of a guide member in a sliding support manner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Guide forms in conventional sliding devices are roughly classified into the following three types.
[0003]
{Circle around (1)} The sliding support surface slides while slidably contacting the surface. It is also called slip guidance.
[0004]
(2) The rolling support ball rolls. There is also a form in which the rollers roll. It is also called Korogari guidance.
[0005]
(3) Static pressure support Of these three types of guides, (2) Korogori support is used for high-speed machine tools because the coefficient of friction and sliding resistance are small and the power for moving objects is small. Have been. However, for example, when a ball is used, point contact is made, and when a roller is used, line contact is made. There is a problem with the life.
[0006]
In recent machine tools, sliding support of surface contact has been reviewed in terms of rigidity and service life. In this case, the sliding upper portion is generally configured as a sliding surface, and a scrape finish (scraper finish) is performed. If the hit ratio is increased in accordance with the balance with the surface pressure, the sliding resistance increases. When the contact ratio is reduced, the sliding resistance is reduced, but the surface pressure is increased and the wear is accelerated. Therefore, the upper surface scraping finish is determined by the load, speed and PV value of the resistance.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If only the sliding support of the surface contact is used, there is a drawback that the support becomes unstable due to sliding frictional resistance between the table and its guide member.
[0008]
For example, when the side surface of the guide member is used as a sliding reference surface and the side surface of the table is slid with respect to this reference surface in the form of sliding support, the sliding resistance of the sliding support between these two side surfaces is reduced. In some cases, the sliding resistance of the sliding support between the upper surface of the member and the lower surface of the table may be larger. For example, a conventional sliding gib (razor) is in the form of a wedge having a gradient, and the pressing force of the wedge against the reference surface side is large, so that the sliding resistance is large.
[0009]
In this case, the followability due to the fine movement is deteriorated, and a stick-slip phenomenon occurs, which may adversely affect accuracy.
[0010]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding device capable of increasing rigidity, reducing sliding resistance, and extending service life by using both sliding guide and roller guide. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite sliding device for reducing sliding resistance by using a linear (roller is in line contact, ball is in point contact) guide.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses both the sliding support and the rolling support.
[0012]
An example of the solution of the present invention is as follows.
[0013]
(1) In a sliding device configured to guide the lower surface of the table (21) on the upper surface of the guide members (14, 16) in the form of sliding support, one side surface of the table (21) and a guide facing the same. A roller member (30) and a pressing member (32) are provided between the side surfaces of the members (14, 16), and the side surfaces of the table (21) are guided through the roller members (30) by the guide members (14, 16). The guide is guided in the form of roller support on the side surface of 16), and the pressing member (32) applies a pressing force between the side surface of the table (21) and the side surface of the guide member (14, 16). A sliding device characterized by the following.
[0014]
(2) The sliding device described above, wherein the roller member (30) is formed of a linear roller guide.
[0015]
(3) The sliding device as described above, wherein the pressing member (32) is made of wedge.
[0016]
(4) The sliding device described above, wherein the side surface of the table (21) and the side surfaces of the guide members (14, 16) opposed thereto include a reference surface.
[0017]
(5) The frictional resistance between the side surface of the guide member (14, 16) and the side surface of the table (21) facing the guide member is between the upper surface of the guide member (14, 16) and the lower surface of the table (21). The sliding device as described above, wherein the sliding device is smaller than frictional resistance.
[0018]
(6) Auxiliary pressing members (341, 342) for horizontally pressing the table (21) against the guide members (14, 16) are provided, and the pressing force of the auxiliary pressing members (341, 342) is reduced. The sliding device as described above, wherein the pressing force is smaller than the pressing force of the pressing member (32).
[0019]
(7) The sliding device as described above, wherein the auxiliary pressing member (341) is made of wedge.
[0020]
(8) A plurality of first linear guides (28) are provided between another side surface of the table (21) and a side surface of the guide member (16, 14) opposed thereto, and a plurality of first linear guides (30) are provided. The sliding device as described above, wherein the sliding device is constituted by two linear guides.
[0021]
(9) The sliding device described above, wherein an auxiliary pressing member (342) including a disc spring is provided between the first linear guide (28) and the second linear guide (30).
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper surface of the guide member guides the lower surface of the table in a sliding support manner. On one side of the guide member, which serves as a reference surface, a roller guide member is used, for example, a linear roller guideway is used to enable guiding of roller support.
[0023]
Preferably, a wedge (giving) is attached to the linear roller guide in order to apply a pressing force to the linear roller guide provided on the reference surface of the guide member. In this case, the pressing force is applied to the reference surface and one surface of the wedge not by sliding support but by rolling support. The sliding friction coefficient is about 0.02 to 0.04 for the linear roller guide, assuming that the conventional sliding method is about 0.1. When a pressing force is applied by wedges, it is possible to apply a preload to the reference surface side at about 1/5 to 1/3 of the sliding support.
[0024]
In another preferred aspect of the present invention, a linear roller guide is provided before and after in the sliding direction on the reference surface of the sliding device to enable rolling guidance, and a sliding member with a wedge is provided at the center in the sliding direction. Provide. This is a composite sliding device.
[0025]
For example, in this combined sliding method, a preload (by a coned disc spring or the like) is applied by an auxiliary member between the roller sliding and the roller sliding by a plurality of linear roller guides to eliminate vibration and chatter during cutting. It plays a role for The sliding support guide at the center is configured to have a smaller pressing force than the roller support guides at both ends. Thereby, the role of the auxiliary sliding of the rolling guide is fulfilled. This is a new type of sliding device that enhances damping and absorbs chatter and vibration.
[0026]
In still another embodiment of the present invention, linear roller guides are provided at both ends in the sliding direction on the reference surface of the sliding device to enable roller guide. A pressing and sliding member made of a disc spring is provided at the center in the traveling direction to apply a preload to the reference surface and the guide surface on the opposite side. This is a sliding device that serves as auxiliary sliding for rolling guidance. This makes it possible to absorb and reduce external factors such as vibration and chatter.
[0027]
Preferably, the pressing member is formed of a wedge, and the shape such as the thickness and the inclination can be arbitrarily configured according to the structure of the table and the guide member. The pressing member may be formed of an elastic member such as rubber or a spring.
[0028]
The guide member may be formed as an integral member having a T-shaped cross section, or the upper portion may be formed as a separate mounting slide portion that can be detached.
[0029]
Preferably, the roller member is constituted by a linear roller guide. The rolling member may be constituted by another rolling member using a ball or the like.
[0030]
Preferably, both the lower surface of the table and the upper surface of the guide member serve as sliding surfaces so that they can be slidingly guided. One side of the table and the side of the guide member facing it form a roller guide structure with a linear roller guide having lower frictional resistance.
[0031]
According to another preferred embodiment, an auxiliary slide member for pressing the table against the guide member and sliding the table is provided. It is preferable to use a disc spring as the auxiliary sliding member, but another elastic member such as a leaf spring or rubber may be used.
[0032]
Note that sliding guide (slip support) refers to moving a moving body on a guide surface, preferably via lubricating oil or the like. Rolling guide (rolling support) refers to moving a moving body on a guide surface. It means to move via a rolling element such as a roller.
[0033]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0034]
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing an example of the sliding device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
[0035]
The sliding device 10 has a saddle 12. On the upper surface of the saddle 12, a rail-shaped first guide member 14 and a second guide member 16 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction. The guide members 14 and 16 have a substantially T-shaped cross section as a whole. In the illustrated example, the upper portions of the guide members 14 and 16 are configured as detachable mounting sliding portions 14d and 16d, respectively.
[0036]
A feed screw 18 is supported between the two guide members 14 and 16 in parallel with the guide members 14 and 16 so as to be rotatable around the axis. A servomotor 20 is connected to one end of the feed screw 18.
[0037]
The table 21 is set to be slidable on the guide members 14 and 16. A first recess 22 and a second recess 23 are formed on the lower surface of the table 21, and guide members 14 and 16 are engaged therein. A nut 24 is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the table 21.
[0038]
The nut 24 is engaged with the feed screw 18, and the nut 24 slides with the table 21 when the feed screw 18 rotates. The feed screw 18 may be a high-precision ball screw or an ordinary trapezoidal screw.
[0039]
In the illustrated embodiment, in FIG. 2, the upper surfaces 14a, 16a of the mounting sliding portions 14d, 16d are sliding surfaces, respectively. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the upper surfaces 22a, 23a of the recesses 22, 23 are corresponding sliding surfaces.
[0040]
The outward side surfaces 14b, 16b of the mounting sliding portions 14d, 16d and the inward side surfaces 22b, 23b of the recesses 22, 23 are close to each other, but do not slide, and a small gap is formed between them. ing.
[0041]
The first linear roller guide 28 is in contact with the inward side surface 14c of the mounting sliding portion 14d as a typical example of the roller member in the present invention. The inward side surface 14c is a reference surface when the table 21 moves. The first linear roller guide 28 is mounted on the lower surface of the table 21 via the mounting bracket 26, and moves together with the table 21.
[0042]
The second linear roller guide 30 is in contact with the inward side surface 16c of the mounting sliding portion 16d. The second linear roller guide 30 is fixed to a mounting portion 21 a protruding below the table 21 via a wedge 32 which is a typical example of the guide member of the present invention, and moves together with the table 21. The wedge 32 has an appropriate width in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the table 21, and presses the second linear roller guide 30 against the inward side surface 16 c of the second guide member 16. That is, the wedge 32 presses the first linear roller guide 28 against the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14 serving as the reference surface.
[0043]
As described above, since the second linear roller guide 30 is attached to the wedge 32 and the table 21 is pressed against the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14, the table 21 is held while keeping the side surface of the guide member small. Can be slid.
[0044]
FIG. 3 is a top view showing another example of the sliding device according to the present invention. 4 and 5 are an AA cross-sectional view and a BB cross-sectional view of the sliding device 101 shown in FIG. 3, respectively. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0045]
A sliding member 261 is attached to the first guide member 14 below the table 211. The outward side surface near the center in the sliding direction of the sliding member 261 is configured as a sliding surface 261c. The sliding surface 261c comes into contact with the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14 and slides in the form of sliding support.
[0046]
Two pressing members 341 are provided on the opposite side of the sliding member 261 and the feed screw 18. The pressing member 341 is configured as a wedge, and is attached to the protruding portion 211a at the lower portion of the table 211 via a mounting bracket 341a.
[0047]
The outward side surface 341c of the pressing member 341 is configured as a sliding surface, and comes into contact with the inward side surface 16c of the second guide member 16 so as to slide in a sliding support manner. The pressing member 341 applies a repulsive force between the inward side surface 16c of the second guide member 16 and the protruding portion 211a below the table 211. The pressing force of the pressing member 341 is smaller than the pressing force of the wedge 32. In other words, the pressing member 341 serves as an auxiliary slide for supporting the roller, increases the damping property, and is used for absorbing chatter and vibration.
[0048]
FIG. 6 is a top view showing still another example of the sliding device according to the present invention. 7 and 8 are an AA sectional view and a BB sectional view of the sliding device shown in FIG. 6, respectively. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0049]
Two pressing members 342 are provided on both sides of the feed screw 18 near the center in the sliding direction of the sliding device 102. The pressing member 342 includes a fitting 342a, a disc spring 342b, and a sliding portion 342c, and is attached to the lower surface of the table 212 via the fitting 342a.
[0050]
The disc spring 342b is provided between the mounting bracket 342a and the sliding portion 342c, and gives a repulsive force therebetween.
[0051]
The sliding surface of the sliding portion 342c is configured to face outward, and comes into contact with the inward side surfaces 142c and 162c of the guide members 14 and 16 to slide in a sliding support form. The pressing force of the pressing member 342 is smaller than the pressing force of the wedge 32. That is, the pressing member 342 plays a role of auxiliary sliding of the roller guide, is used for enhancing damping property, and absorbing chatter and vibration.
[0052]
FIGS. 9 to 12 show still another combination example of the composite sliding (hybrid sliding) of the sliding sliding and the rolling sliding. The same members as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0053]
In the example of FIG. 9, the mounting sliding portions 143d and 163d of the guide members 143 and 163 are respectively hardened. The first linear roller guide 28 is fixed to a mounting portion 213 b protruding below the table 213 via the mounting plate 27.
[0054]
In the example of FIG. 10, hardened steels 144e and 164e are attached to side surfaces of the guide members 144 and 164, respectively. The quenched steels 144e and 164e contact the first linear roller way 28 and the second linear roller way 30 at the side surfaces, respectively. In the sliding device of FIG. 10, the side surface of the hardened steel 144e is configured as the reference surface S. By making the hardened steels 144e and 146e detachable, adjustment and replacement are facilitated. FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in addition to the sliding guide between the upper surface of the guide member and the lower surface of the table, by using the roller member and the pressing member, the side surface of the table can be roller-guided by the side surface of the guide member. The table can be stably supported while pressing the side surface against the side surface of the guide member. As a result, the rigidity can be increased, the sliding resistance can be reduced, and the service life can be prolonged.
[0056]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. A pressing member and a rolling member may be provided on both sides of one guide member. The shape, arrangement, and number of the pressing members and the rolling members are also arbitrary.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing an example of a sliding device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the sliding device shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of the sliding device shown in FIG. 3; 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the sliding device shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line BB of the sliding device shown in FIG. 6; FIG. Sectional drawing which shows another example of the moving device.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing still another example of the sliding device according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 11;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sliding device 12 Saddle 14 1st guide member 14a, 16a, 22a, 23a Upper surface 14b, 16b Outward side surface 16 2nd guide member 18 Feed screw 20 Servo motor 21 Tables 21a, 21b Mounting part 22 1st recess 22b, 23b Inward side surface 23 Second recess 24 Nut 26, 261, 36 Mounting bracket 28 First linear roller guide 30 Second linear roller guide 32 Wedge 341 Pressing member

Claims (9)

In the sliding device configured to guide the lower surface of the table (21) on the upper surface of the guide members (14, 16) in a sliding support manner, one side surface of the table (21) and the guide member (14) opposed thereto. , 16), a roller member (30) and a pressing member (32) are provided, and the side surface of the table (21) is moved to the guide members (14, 16) via the roller member (30). The guides are guided in the form of support on the side surfaces, and the pressing member (32) applies a pressing force between the side surface of the table (21) and the side surfaces of the guide members (14, 16). Sliding device. 2. The sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the roller member (30) comprises a linear roller guide. The sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing member is made of wedge. The sliding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a side surface of the table (21) and a side surface of the guide member (14, 16) opposed thereto include a reference surface. The frictional resistance between the side surface of the guide member (14, 16) and the side surface of the table (21) opposed thereto is larger than the frictional resistance between the upper surface of the guide member (14, 16) and the lower surface of the table (21). The sliding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sliding device is also small. An auxiliary pressing member (341, 342) for pressing the table (21) in a horizontal direction against the guide members (14, 16) is provided, and the pressing force of the auxiliary pressing members (341, 342) is set to the pressing member (32). 6. The sliding device according to claim 5, wherein the sliding force is smaller than the pressing force of the sliding device. The sliding device according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary pressing member (341) is made of wedge. A plurality of first linear guides (28) are provided between another side surface of the table (21) and a side surface of the guide members (16, 14) opposed thereto, and the roller member (30) is connected to the plurality of second linear guides. The sliding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising: The sliding device according to claim 8, wherein an auxiliary pressing member (342) including a disc spring is provided between the first linear guide (28) and the second linear guide (30).

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