JP2004322335A - Method for joining resin materials - Google Patents

Method for joining resin materials Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004322335A
JP2004322335A JP2003116447A JP2003116447A JP2004322335A JP 2004322335 A JP2004322335 A JP 2004322335A JP 2003116447 A JP2003116447 A JP 2003116447A JP 2003116447 A JP2003116447 A JP 2003116447A JP 2004322335 A JP2004322335 A JP 2004322335A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
laser
resin material
joining
absorber
joining object
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP2003116447A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiromi Suhara
広美 栖原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fine Device Kk
Fine Device Co Ltd
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Fine Device Kk
Fine Device Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003116447A priority Critical patent/JP2004322335A/en
Publication of JP2004322335A publication Critical patent/JP2004322335A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for joining resin materials capable of certainly welding the mutually opposed surfaces of the resin materials by single fixed laser output however complicated a joining pattern may be and capable of preventing bubbles from occurring by excessive temperature elevation. <P>SOLUTION: The method for joining the resin materials includes a process for laminating and arranging a first object 10 to be joined comprising a laser transmitting resin material and a second object 12 to be joined comprising a composition prepared by adding a laser absorber to the laser transmitting resin material, a process for irradiating the first object 10 to be joined with a laser beam L from the surface side thereof to heat the laser absorber of the second object 12 to be joined and a process for welding the objects 10 and 12 to be joined by the heat generating action of the laser absorber. As the laser absorber, a substance, of which the melting point is higher than that of the resin material constituting the first and second objects 10 and 12 to be joined and the laser absorbing characteristic is deteriorated by a temperature lower than a characteristic deteriorating point, is used. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は樹脂材間の接合方法に係り、特に、レーザ透過性樹脂材越しにレーザビームをレーザ吸収体に照射し、その発熱作用を利用してレーザ透過性樹脂材と他の樹脂材とを融着させる樹脂材間の接合方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
これまでも、レーザビームの照射による発熱作用を利用して樹脂材間を接合する技術は存在した。
例えば、特許文献１には、レーザ光に対する吸収性を備えた樹脂材と非吸収性を備えた樹脂材とを重ね合わせ、非吸収性樹脂材にレーザビームを照射することによって吸収性樹脂材の表面を加熱し、その発熱作用によって両者の対向面同士を融着させる技術が開示されている。
この接合方法によれば、余計な接着剤やネジ等を用いることなく、樹脂材間を接合することが可能となる。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特公昭６２−４９８５０
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この接合方法を用いて複雑な接合パターンを形成する場合には、加熱不足による部分的な接合不良や、逆に加熱過剰による部分的な品質劣化が生じ易いという問題があった。
例えば、レーザビームを曲線状に連続照射する場合には、直線状に連続照射する場合に比べて照射時間が長くなり、必要以上に温度が上昇して樹脂材の発泡や燃焼、有毒ガスの発生、引火等が生じる危険性がある。これに対し、レーザ出力を湾曲部分に最適な値に設定すると、今度は直線部分において溶融不足が生じ、接合強度が低下する。
したがって、これまでは接合パターンに応じてレーザビームの出力を自動調整する必要があり、そのためにセンサ類や制御系等の余計な機構を別途設ける必要があった。
【０００５】
この発明は、従来の接合方法が抱えていた上記問題を解決するためになされたものであり、樹脂材側の接合パターンが如何に複雑であっても、単一固定のレーザ出力でもって樹脂材を過不足なく溶融させることができ、以て樹脂材間の接合品質を安定化させることが可能な技術を提供することを目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、請求項１に記載した樹脂材間の接合方法は、レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物と、レーザ透過性樹脂材にレーザ吸収体を添加した第２の接合対象物とを積層配置させる工程と、第１の接合対象物の表面側からレーザビームを照射し、第２の接合対象物に含まれるレーザ吸収体を加熱する工程と、このレーザ吸収体の発熱作用によって第１の接合対象物及び第２の接合対象物の少なくとも一方の対向面を溶融させ、他方の対向面に融着させる工程とを備えた樹脂材間の接合方法であって、上記レーザ吸収体として、第１の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材及び第２の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材の少なくとも一方の溶融点よりも高く、特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を用いたことを特徴としている。
上記「溶融点」とは、樹脂材が適度に加熱されて溶融し、他方の樹脂材との接合に適した様態となる温度を意味しており、樹脂材の種類によって異なる。
。また、上記「特性劣化点」とは、過剰加熱によって樹脂材の発泡や燃焼、有毒ガスの発生、引火等の不具合が生じる温度を意味しており、樹脂材の種類によって異なる。
【０００７】
本来、積層されたレーザ透過性樹脂材にレーザビームを照射しても両樹脂材を素通りしてしまい、両者間を加熱溶融させることはできないが、一方の樹脂材にレーザ吸収体を添加させることにより、このレーザ吸収体の発熱による伝導熱によって樹脂材を溶融させ、両樹脂材間を接合させることが可能となる。
しかも、レーザ吸収体として、樹脂材の溶融点よりも高く特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を選定しているため、レーザ吸収体が樹脂材の特性劣化点以上の温度に達した時点でレーザ吸収特性が低下し、それ以上の発熱作用が自然に抑制される仕組みとなっている。
このため、レーザビームの出力を比較的高めに設定さえしておけば、照射パターンに応じて微妙な制御を行うまでもなく、安定した接合品質を実現することが可能となる。すなわち、例え過剰エネルギの投入となっても、レーザ吸収体のレーザ吸収機能自体が低下するため、自動的に樹脂材に対する過剰加熱が防止され、発泡や燃焼、有毒ガスの発生、あるいは引火等の不具合が生じる危険性が回避される。
【０００８】
請求項２に記載した樹脂材間の接合方法は、レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物と、レーザ吸収体と、レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第２の接合対象物とを積層配置させる工程と、第１の接合対象物の表面側からレーザビームを照射し、レーザ吸収体を加熱する工程と、このレーザ吸収体の発熱によって第１の接合対象物及び第２の接合対象物の少なくとも一方の対向面を溶融させ、他方の対向面に融着させる工程とを備えた樹脂材間の接合方法であって、上記レーザ吸収体として、第１の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材及び第２の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材の少なくとも一方の溶融点よりも高く、特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を用いたことを特徴としている。
この場合も、レーザ吸収体の発熱に基づく伝導熱によって透明樹脂材を溶融させ、両樹脂材間を接合させることが可能となる。
また、レーザ吸収体として、樹脂材の溶融点よりも高く特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を選定しているため、比較的高い出力でレーザビームを照射さえすれば、接合パターンに応じて細かい出力制御をすることなく、樹脂材間を均一の品質で接合可能となる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１及び図２は、この発明に係る第１の接合方法を示すものである。
まず、図１に示すように、レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物１０と、レーザ透過性樹脂材にレーザ吸収体を添加させた第２の接合対象物１２とが、加工テーブル１４上に積層配置される。また、第１の接合対象物１０の表面には、レーザ透過性素材よりなる板状の押さえ治具１６が載置される。
第１の接合対象物１０としては、ＬＤレーザ（半導体レーザ）に対する透過性を備えた樹脂材、例えばアクリル系の樹脂材が該当する。
また、第２の接合対象物１２は、例えば樹脂粉末にメチルエチルケトン及びフタロシアン系色素を混入させたレーザ吸収体を、ＬＤレーザに対する透過性を備えたアクリル系樹脂材に添加したものが該当する。
【００１０】
つぎに、図２に示すように、押さえ治具１６によって第１の接合対象物１０の表面を加圧した状態で、押さえ治具１６の表面にＬＤレーザのビームＬを線状に連続照射すると、押さえ治具１６及び第１の接合対象物１０を透過したレーザビームが第２の接合対象物１２のレーザ吸収体に到達し、これを加熱する。
そして、このレーザ吸収体からの伝導熱を受けて第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２の対向面がそれぞれ溶融する結果、両接合対象物１０，１２間はレーザ照射パターンに沿って生じた線状溶融部１８を介して気密に接合されることとなる。
【００１１】
第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２を構成しているアクリル系樹脂の融点は摂氏２３０度であり、これが摂氏２６０度以上に達すると発泡やが生じ始め、摂氏３００度を越えると燃焼及び有毒ガスの発生といった特性劣化が生じる。
これに対し、上記レーザ吸収体の有効温度は摂氏２５０度であり、これを越える温度に達した時点で透明に変色し、レーザ吸収体としての機能が著しく低下することとなる。
したがって、レーザの照射パターン（照射形状）や照射箇所に応じて必要とされるエネルギ出力に高低の差が存在している場合には、高い方の出力に設定しておけば済み、出力を制御する必要がなくなる。これは、本来低い出力で加工すべき箇所に高い出力のレーザビームが照射されても、第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２の温度が摂氏２５０度以上に上昇することはなく、特性劣化が生じる危険性がないためである。
【００１２】
第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２がそれぞれ複雑な立体形状を備えている場合であっても、基本的には上記と同様の手順によって接合することができる。
図３はその一例を示すものであり、大きな凹部を備えた第２の接合対象物１２と、これに対応する凸部を備えた第１の接合対象物１０とを係合させ、さらに押さえ治具１６を積層させた状態で、第１の接合対象物１０の表面に押さえ治具１６越しにレーザビームＬを線状に連続照射している。
この結果、第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２の対向面が、線状の溶融部１８を介して気密に接合される。
この場合、第１の接合対象物１０の厚さがレーザビームＬの照射部位によって異なっているが、レーザビームＬはレーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物１０を文字通り透過して第２の接合対象物１２の表面に到達するため、厚さに多少の変動が存在しても問題なく接合できる。
【００１３】
図４及び図５は、この発明に係る第２の接合方法を示すものである。
まず、図４に示すように、レーザ透過性を備えたアクリル系樹脂材よりなる第２の接合対象物１２と、樹脂粉末にメチルエチルケトン及びフタロシアン系色素を混入させてなるレーザ吸収体２０と、レーザ透過性を備えたアクリル系樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物１０と、レーザ透過性素材よりなる押さえ治具１６とが、加工テーブル１４上に積層配置される。
【００１４】
つぎに、図５に示すように、押さえ治具１６によって第１の接合対象物１０の表面を加圧した状態で、押さえ治具１６の表面にレーザビームＬを線状に連続照射すると、押さえ治具１６及び第１の接合対象物１０を透過したレーザビームＬがレーザ吸収体２０に到達し、これを加熱する。
また、このレーザ吸収体２０からの伝導熱を受けて第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２の対向面がそれぞれ溶融する。
この結果、両接合対象物１０，１２間は、レーザ照射パターンに沿って生じた線状溶融部１８を介して気密に接合されることとなる。
【００１５】
この場合も上記と同様、レーザビームＬの出力を比較的高く設定しておいても、第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２の対向面における温度はレーザ吸収体２０が機能する上限温度である摂氏２５０度以上には上昇しないため、第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２に気泡が発生したり燃焼したりする危険性が一切ない。
【００１６】
第１の接合対象物１０及び第２の接合対象物１２がそれぞれ複雑な立体形状を備えている場合であっても、基本的には上記と同様の手順によって接合することができる。
図６はその一例を示すものであり、大きな凸部を備えた第１の接合対象物１０と、これに対応する凹部を備えた第２のレーザ透過性部材１２とを、間にレーザ吸収体２０を介装させた状態で嵌合すると共に、第１の接合対象物１０の表面にレーザ透過性物質よりなる押さえ治具１６を所定の圧力で当接させ、レーザビームＬを押さえ治具１６の表面に線状に連続照射している。
この結果、第１のレーザ透過性部材１０と第２のレーザ透過性部材１２の対向面同士が、線状の溶融部１８を介して気密に接合される。
【００１７】
上記にあっては、レーザ吸収体がその特性劣化点以上の高温に加熱され、変色することによってレーザ吸収特性が低下する例を説明したが、この発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
すなわち、レーザ吸収体の材質によっては、色彩の変化を伴うことなくレーザ吸収特性が劣化する場合もある。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
この発明に係る第１の接合方法及び第２の接合方法によれば、第１の接合対象物を透過したレーザビームによってレーザ吸収体を加熱し、その伝導熱によって第１の樹脂材及び第２の樹脂材間を気密に接合させることが可能となる。
しかも、レーザ吸収体として、樹脂材の溶融点よりも高く特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を選定しているため、レーザ吸収体が特性劣化点以上の温度に達した時点でレーザ吸収特性が低下し、それ以上の発熱作用が自動的に抑制される仕組みとなっている。
このため、レーザビームの出力を比較的高めに設定さえしておけば、照射パターンや照射箇所に応じて高精度な出力制御を行うまでもなく、安定した接合品質を実現することが可能となる。すなわち、例え過剰エネルギの投入となっても、レーザ吸収体のレーザ吸収作用自体が低下するため、自動的に樹脂材に対する過剰加熱が防止され、発泡や燃焼、有毒ガスの発生、あるいは引火といった樹脂材の特性劣化が生じる危険性を回避することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明に係る第１の接合方法を示す展開断面図である。
【図２】この発明に係る第１の接合方法を示す断面図である。
【図３】この発明に係る第１の接合方法の応用例を示す断面図である。
【図４】この発明に係る第２の接合方法を示す展開断面図である。
【図５】この発明に係る第２の接合方法を示す断面図である。
【図６】この発明に係る第２の接合方法の応用例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 第１の接合対象物
１２ 第２の接合対象物
１４ 加工テーブル
１６ 押さえ治具
１８ 線状溶融部
２０ レーザ吸収体
Ｌ レーザビーム[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joining method between resin materials, and in particular, irradiates a laser beam to a laser absorber through a laser-permeable resin material, and uses the heat generation action to separate the laser-permeable resin material from another resin material. The present invention relates to a method for joining resin materials to be fused.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Heretofore, there has been a technique for joining resin materials by utilizing a heat generation effect by laser beam irradiation.
For example, in Patent Document 1, a resin material having absorptivity to a laser beam and a resin material having a non-absorptivity are overlapped, and a laser beam is applied to the non-absorptive resin material to form an absorptive resin material. There is disclosed a technique in which a surface is heated and the opposing surfaces of the two are fused by a heat generation action.
According to this joining method, it is possible to join between resin materials without using an extra adhesive, a screw, or the like.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Tokiko Sho 62-49850
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a complicated bonding pattern is formed using this bonding method, there has been a problem that partial bonding failure due to insufficient heating and conversely, partial quality deterioration due to excessive heating are likely to occur.
For example, in the case of continuously irradiating a laser beam in a curved shape, the irradiation time is longer than in the case of continuously irradiating a laser beam in a straight line, and the temperature rises more than necessary, causing foaming and burning of the resin material and generation of toxic gas. There is a danger of ignition. On the other hand, when the laser output is set to an optimum value for the curved portion, insufficient melting occurs in the linear portion, and the bonding strength decreases.
Therefore, hitherto, it has been necessary to automatically adjust the output of the laser beam according to the bonding pattern, and for that purpose, it has been necessary to separately provide extra mechanisms such as sensors and a control system.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem that the conventional bonding method has, and it is possible to obtain a resin material with a single fixed laser output, no matter how complicated the bonding pattern on the resin material side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of melting the resin material without excess and deficiency, thereby stabilizing the joining quality between the resin materials.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for bonding between resin materials according to claim 1 includes a first bonding object made of a laser-transmissive resin material, and a laser-transparent resin material to which a laser absorber is added. And a step of irradiating a laser beam from the surface side of the first joining object to heat a laser absorber included in the second joining object, Melting at least one opposing surface of the first joining object and the second joining object by a heating action of the body and fusing the other joining surface to the other. As the laser absorber, the melting point of at least one of the resin material of the first joining object and the resin material of the second joining object is higher than the melting point of the resin material. Substances whose laser absorption characteristics deteriorate with temperature It is characterized in be had.
The “melting point” means a temperature at which the resin material is appropriately heated and melted to be in a mode suitable for joining with the other resin material, and differs depending on the type of the resin material.
. The “characteristic deterioration point” means a temperature at which a problem such as foaming or burning of the resin material, generation of toxic gas, and ignition occurs due to excessive heating, and differs depending on the type of the resin material.
[0007]
Originally, even if a laser beam is irradiated on the laminated laser-transparent resin material, both laser materials pass through, and the two cannot be heated and melted. However, adding a laser absorber to one resin material Accordingly, the resin material is melted by the conduction heat generated by the heat generated by the laser absorber, and the two resin materials can be joined to each other.
In addition, since a material whose laser absorption characteristics deteriorate at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material and lower than the characteristic deterioration point is selected as the laser absorber, the temperature of the laser absorber at or above the characteristic deterioration point of the resin material At this point, the laser absorption characteristics are reduced, and further heat generation is naturally suppressed.
For this reason, if the output of the laser beam is set relatively high, stable bonding quality can be realized without performing delicate control according to the irradiation pattern. That is, even if excessive energy is input, the laser absorbing function itself of the laser absorber deteriorates, so that excessive heating of the resin material is automatically prevented, and foaming, combustion, generation of toxic gas, or ignition, etc. The risk of failure is avoided.
[0008]
In the method for joining between resin materials according to claim 2, a first joining object made of a laser-transmissive resin material, a laser absorber, and a second joining object made of a laser-transmissive resin material are laminated. Arranging, irradiating a laser beam from the surface side of the first joining object to heat the laser absorber, and heating the first and second joining objects by heat generated by the laser absorber. Fusing at least one of the opposing surfaces and fusing to the other opposing surface, wherein a first object to be joined is formed as the laser absorber. It is characterized in that a substance whose laser absorption property is deteriorated at a temperature higher than the melting point of at least one of the resin material and the resin material forming the second joining object and lower than the characteristic deterioration point is used.
Also in this case, it becomes possible to melt the transparent resin material by conduction heat based on the heat generated by the laser absorber, and to join the two resin materials.
Also, as the laser absorber, a substance whose laser absorption characteristics deteriorate at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material and lower than the characteristic deterioration point is selected, so that as long as the laser beam is irradiated with a relatively high output, The resin materials can be joined with uniform quality without fine output control according to the joining pattern.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 and 2 show a first joining method according to the present invention.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, a first joining object 10 made of a laser permeable resin material and a second joining object 12 in which a laser absorber is added to the laser permeable resin material are processed on a processing table. 14 are stacked. A plate-shaped holding jig 16 made of a laser-transmissive material is placed on the surface of the first joining object 10.
As the first joining object 10, a resin material having transparency to an LD laser (semiconductor laser), for example, an acrylic resin material is applicable.
The second bonding target 12 corresponds to, for example, a material obtained by adding a laser absorber obtained by mixing methyl ethyl ketone and a phthalocyanine dye into resin powder to an acrylic resin material having transparency to an LD laser.
[0010]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, when the surface of the first joining object 10 is pressed by the holding jig 16, the surface of the holding jig 16 is continuously irradiated with the LD laser beam L in a linear manner. The laser beam transmitted through the holding jig 16 and the first object 10 reaches the laser absorber of the second object 12 and heats it.
Then, as a result of receiving the conduction heat from the laser absorber, the opposing surfaces of the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 are melted, respectively. As a result, a laser irradiation pattern is formed between the two joining objects 10 and 12. Air-tight joining is performed via the linear fusion portion 18 that has been generated along the line.
[0011]
The melting point of the acrylic resin composing the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 is 230 degrees Celsius, and when it reaches 260 degrees Celsius or higher, foaming or the like starts to occur, and the melting point becomes 300 degrees Celsius. If it exceeds, characteristic deterioration such as combustion and generation of toxic gas occurs.
On the other hand, the effective temperature of the laser absorber is 250 degrees Celsius, and when the temperature exceeds this, the color changes to transparent and the function as the laser absorber is remarkably deteriorated.
Therefore, if there is a level difference in the required energy output according to the laser irradiation pattern (irradiation shape) and irradiation location, it is sufficient to set the output to the higher one, and control the output. You don't have to. This is because even if a laser beam having a high output is irradiated to a portion to be processed at a low output, the temperature of the first bonding object 10 and the second bonding object 12 does not rise to 250 degrees Celsius or more. This is because there is no danger of characteristic deterioration.
[0012]
Even when the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 each have a complicated three-dimensional shape, joining can be performed basically in the same procedure as described above.
FIG. 3 shows an example of this, in which a second joining object 12 having a large concave portion and a first joining object 10 having a corresponding convex portion are engaged with each other. In a state where the fixtures 16 are stacked, the surface of the first joining object 10 is continuously irradiated with the laser beam L linearly through the holding jig 16.
As a result, the opposing surfaces of the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 are hermetically joined via the linear fusion portion 18.
In this case, although the thickness of the first joining object 10 differs depending on the irradiated portion of the laser beam L, the laser beam L literally passes through the first joining object 10 made of a laser-transmissive resin material, and 2 can reach the surface of the joining object 12 without any problem even if there is some variation in the thickness.
[0013]
4 and 5 show a second joining method according to the present invention.
First, as shown in FIG. 4, a second joining object 12 made of an acrylic resin material having laser transparency, a laser absorber 20 made by mixing methyl ethyl ketone and a phthalocyanine dye into resin powder, A first joining object 10 made of an acrylic resin material having laser transparency and a holding jig 16 made of a laser transparent material are stacked and arranged on a processing table 14.
[0014]
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, when the surface of the first joining object 10 is pressurized by the holding jig 16 and the laser beam L is continuously irradiated linearly on the surface of the holding jig 16, the holding is performed. The laser beam L transmitted through the jig 16 and the first object 10 reaches the laser absorber 20 and heats it.
In addition, receiving the conduction heat from the laser absorber 20, the opposing surfaces of the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 are respectively melted.
As a result, the two joining objects 10 and 12 are hermetically joined via the linear fusion portion 18 generated along the laser irradiation pattern.
[0015]
In this case as well, even if the output of the laser beam L is set to be relatively high, the temperature of the laser absorber 20 functions as the temperature at the opposing surfaces of the first and second objects 10 and 12. Since the temperature does not rise to 250 ° C. or more, which is the upper limit temperature, there is no danger of bubbles being generated or burning in the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12.
[0016]
Even when the first joining object 10 and the second joining object 12 each have a complicated three-dimensional shape, joining can be performed basically in the same procedure as described above.
FIG. 6 shows an example of this, in which a first joining object 10 having a large convex portion and a second laser permeable member 12 having a corresponding concave portion are placed between a laser absorber 20 and a pressing jig 16 made of a laser-transmissive substance is brought into contact with the surface of the first joining object 10 at a predetermined pressure, so that the laser beam L is pressed. Is continuously irradiated linearly on the surface of the substrate.
As a result, the opposing surfaces of the first laser-transmissive member 10 and the second laser-transmissive member 12 are hermetically joined via the linear fusion portion 18.
[0017]
In the above description, an example has been described in which the laser absorber is heated to a temperature higher than its characteristic deterioration point and discolors, thereby deteriorating the laser absorption characteristic. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
That is, depending on the material of the laser absorber, the laser absorption characteristics may be degraded without a change in color.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first bonding method and the second bonding method according to the present invention, the laser absorber is heated by the laser beam transmitted through the first bonding object, and the first resin material and the second resin material are heated by the conduction heat. It is possible to hermetically join the resin materials.
In addition, since a material whose laser absorption characteristics deteriorate at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin material and lower than the characteristic deterioration point is selected as the laser absorber, the temperature of the laser absorber reaches the characteristic deterioration point or higher. At this point, the laser absorption characteristics are reduced, and further heat generation is automatically suppressed.
Therefore, as long as the output of the laser beam is set relatively high, it is possible to realize stable bonding quality without performing high-precision output control according to the irradiation pattern or the irradiation position. . In other words, even if excessive energy is input, the laser absorbing function itself of the laser absorber is reduced, so that excessive heating of the resin material is automatically prevented, and resin such as foaming, combustion, generation of toxic gas, or ignition is generated. It is possible to avoid the risk of deterioration of material properties.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a developed sectional view showing a first joining method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a first joining method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an application example of the first bonding method according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a developed sectional view showing a second joining method according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second joining method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an application example of the second bonding method according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st joining object 12 2nd joining object 14 Processing table 16 Holding jig 18 Linear fusion part 20 Laser absorber L Laser beam

Claims (2)

レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物と、レーザ透過性樹脂材にレーザ吸収体を添加した第２の接合対象物とを積層配置させる工程と、
第１の接合対象物の表面側からレーザビームを照射し、第２の接合対象物に含まれるレーザ吸収体を加熱する工程と、
このレーザ吸収体の発熱作用によって第１の接合対象物及び第２の接合対象物の少なくとも一方の対向面を溶融させ、他方の対向面に融着させる工程とを備えた樹脂材間の接合方法であって、
上記レーザ吸収体として、第１の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材及び第２の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材の少なくとも一方の溶融点よりも高く、特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を用いたことを特徴とする樹脂材間の接合方法。A step of laminating a first joining object made of a laser-permeable resin material and a second joining object obtained by adding a laser absorber to the laser-permeable resin material;
Irradiating a laser beam from the surface side of the first joining object and heating a laser absorber included in the second joining object;
Melting the at least one opposing surface of the first object and the second object by the heat generation action of the laser absorber and fusing the opposing surface to the other opposing surface. And
As the laser absorber, a temperature higher than the melting point of at least one of the resin material forming the first joining object and the resin material forming the second joining object, and lower than the characteristic deterioration point. A method of bonding between resin materials, wherein a material that degrades laser absorption characteristics is used. レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第１の接合対象物と、レーザ吸収体と、レーザ透過性樹脂材よりなる第２の接合対象物とを積層配置させる工程と、
第１の接合対象物の表面側からレーザビームを照射し、レーザ吸収体を加熱する工程と、
このレーザ吸収体の発熱作用によって第１の接合対象物及び第２の接合対象物の少なくとも一方の対向面を溶融させ、他方の対向面に融着させる工程とを備えた樹脂材間の接合方法であって、
上記レーザ吸収体として、第１の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材及び第２の接合対象物を構成している樹脂材の少なくとも一方の溶融点よりも高く、特性劣化点よりも低い温度でレーザ吸収特性が劣化する物質を用いたことを特徴とする樹脂材間の接合方法。A step of laminating a first joining object made of a laser-transmissive resin material, a laser absorber, and a second joining object made of a laser-transmissive resin material;
Irradiating a laser beam from the surface side of the first joining object and heating the laser absorber;
Melting the at least one opposing surface of the first object and the second object by the heat generation action of the laser absorber and fusing the opposing surface to the other opposing surface. And
As the laser absorber, a temperature higher than the melting point of at least one of the resin material forming the first joining object and the resin material forming the second joining object, and lower than the characteristic deterioration point. A method of bonding between resin materials, wherein a material that degrades laser absorption characteristics is used.
JP2003116447A 2003-04-22 2003-04-22 Method for joining resin materials Pending JP2004322335A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009119807A (en) * 2007-11-19 2009-06-04 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Laser fusible laminated material, laser fusing method, and packaging body
JP2011156858A (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-08-18 Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd Joining method using laser beam
JP2013180526A (en) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-12 Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd Joining method using laser beam

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009119807A (en) * 2007-11-19 2009-06-04 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Laser fusible laminated material, laser fusing method, and packaging body
JP2011156858A (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-08-18 Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd Joining method using laser beam
JP2013180526A (en) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-12 Hayakawa Rubber Co Ltd Joining method using laser beam

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