JP2004317086A - Building ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building ventilation system, uniformly, stably and continuously supplying negative ions to all rooms of a dwelling house. <P>SOLUTION: This building ventilation system is provided in an underfloor space S of a dwelling house 10 as a building. The system includes: a carbonaceous (a positive pole) 21, an electrolytic layer 23 and a negative pole 23 as an ion generating source 20 for continuously generating negative ions; and a ventilation device 30 and ducts 41 to 45 for forming an air circulation cycle of supplying outside air to the rooms of the dwelling house 10, then supplying the air of the rooms to the underfloor space S, and returning the air in the underfloor space S to be discharged and performing ion exchange between the negative ions contained in the air returned from the underfloor space and the outside air OA. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to, for example, a building ventilation system using a 24-hour ventilation system, and more particularly, it can be suitably used as a ventilation system for a highly airtight building, and uniformly and continuously supplies negative ions to all rooms of a house. It relates to a building ventilation system that can be supplied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a return air device that supplies negative ions to all rooms of a house, for example, there is a technology described in Patent Document 1.
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2003-97736 A
[0003]
Patent Literature 1 discloses a centralized ventilation device that ventilates each room of a house with high airtightness and high heat insulation. In this centralized ventilation device, an air supply box and an exhaust box are arranged on a chamber fan installed at a predetermined place in a house, and a number of duct holes are opened in these. In addition, by directly connecting the duct hole and the air supply and exhaust ports of each room of the house with an air supply duct and an exhaust duct respectively to form an independent air supply and exhaust system for each room, The ventilation volume to each room is equalized. In addition, in this centralized ventilation device, an electrode of an ionizer is installed in each duct hole of an air supply box, and negative ions are supplied to the air supply to form a comfortable living environment for each room.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 uses an ionizer, which is an ion generating means using electric energy, as a means for supplying negative ions. Therefore, although the amount of generated negative ions is large in the vicinity of the ionizer, the negative ions remain in the duct. Disappears in the process of moving. Therefore, it is substantially difficult to supply the negative ions uniformly and stably to all the rooms in the house.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a building ventilation system that can supply negative ions uniformly, stably, and continuously to all rooms of a house.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The building ventilation system according to claim 1 is provided in a floor space of a building, and supplies an ion generating source that continuously generates negative ions and outside air to a room of the building, and then supplies air to the room of the building. Is supplied to the underfloor space to form an air circulation cycle for returning and exhausting the air in the underfloor space, and negative ions contained in the air returned from the underfloor space are exchanged with the outside air. Ventilation means for ion exchange.
[0007]
Therefore, the air of the negative ion environment generated from the ion generation source in the underfloor space is returned to the ventilation means, ion-exchanged with the outside air by the ventilation means, and supplied to the room.
[0008]
In a building ventilation system according to a second aspect, in the configuration of the first aspect, the ion generation source includes carbonaceous material disposed in the underfloor space.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building ventilation system according to the first aspect, wherein the ion generating source is formed of slab concrete formed in the underfloor space. An ion generation promoting means comprising an energy applying means is operatively connected to promote generation of negative ions from the slab concrete in the underfloor space.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Note that, throughout the embodiments, the same members, elements, or portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0011]
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention has been applied.
The building ventilation system according to Embodiment 1 is applied to a detached house 10 as a building, as shown in FIG. The house 10 has a basic heat insulation (external heat insulation) structure in which the outside of the rising portion 11a of the basic concrete 11 is covered with a heat insulating material 12. As the foundation concrete, a solid foundation can be suitably used, but a concrete in which earth concrete is poured into the interior (floor ground surface) surrounded by the cloth foundation can also be used. Alternatively, as a foundation concrete, a simple cloth foundation or other foundation structure can be used. In FIG. 1, a solid foundation having a rising portion 11a and a flat portion (footing) 11b extending almost under the floor is used as the foundation concrete 11. The outer wall (outer peripheral wall) 13 of the house 10 has an external heat insulation structure in which the outside is covered with a heat insulating material 14. The roof 15 of the house 10 also has a roof insulation structure using a heat insulating material (not shown). The first floor 16, the first floor 17, the second floor 18, and the second floor 19 of the house 10 are not insulated. As such a house 10, a highly airtight and highly insulated house with 24-hour ventilation can be suitably used.
[0012]
At the center of the flat part 11b of the foundation concrete 11 of the house 10, an ion source 20 is disposed in a buried state, and only the upper end surface thereof is exposed from the upper surface of the flat part 11b. More specifically, the ion source 20 includes a carbonaceous material 21 as a positive electrode (positive electrode layer), an electrolyte layer 22, a negative electrode (negative electrode layer) 23, and a container 24. The carbonaceous material 21 is made of charcoal made of charcoal powdered or granulated for carbon embedding, and is buried by densely filling the charcoal into a hole of a predetermined shape such as a columnar shape dug in the center of the plane portion 11b. It was done. As the carbonaceous material 21, high-temperature coal (so-called white coal) carbonized at preferably 700 ° C. or more, more preferably 1000 ° C. or more is used. The electrolyte layer 22 is made of a layered hydrated salt (a salt containing water) which is disposed in close proximity to the entire lower end of the carbonaceous material 21 and opposed thereto. Further, the negative electrode 23 is formed of an aluminum plate that is closely arranged to face the entire lower end of the electrolyte layer 22. The container 24 tightly houses the electrolyte layer 22 and the negative electrode 23 which are stacked one above the other. The container 24 has an inner surface shape corresponding to the outer shape of the electrolyte layer 22 and the negative electrode 23, and is made of a rubber material or the like so as to prevent components of the electrolyte layer 22 and the negative electrode 23 from leaking into the ground of the base portion. It is made of a waterproof material or the like. Note that the outer peripheral surface of the carbonaceous material 21 is in close contact with the soil of the base portion below the flat portion 11b, and components or elements (moisture and the like) necessary or closely related to the generation of negative ions are converted from soil to carbon. The material 21 is continuously supplied.
[0013]
In the ion source 20 configured as described above, first, the carbonaceous material 21 itself is a source of negative ions. Hereinafter, the negative ion and the generation mechanism of the negative ion will be described in detail. Various components can be considered as a component and a generation mechanism of the negative ion. First, a negative ionization of the atmospheric environment (air) by a water molecule (water vapor) cluster or a water molecule oligomer in the air can be considered. Specifically, the negative ions typically associate with 0.5-1 nanometer clusters of water molecules. Then, when an electron is bonded to a water molecule (water molecule as water vapor) cluster, the water molecule cluster becomes an excited state, and gains energy to vibrate. , Are separated even smaller. At this time, since the water molecule clusters float in the air while being small, many negative ions exist in the air. That is, the negative ion is a fine particle having a negative charge such as a hydroxyl ion (H3O2), and the negative ion is represented by OH- (H2O) n when represented by a chemical formula.
[0014]
Alternatively, according to the ion generation mechanism called the Leonard effect, negative ions are likely to adhere to small water droplets (water molecule clusters). For example, it is said that negative ions are abundant near the waterfall (Lenard effect). ing. In other words, it is thought that the water molecules that flow down the waterfall collide with the water surface to form water molecule clusters that are miniaturized, and the water molecules are negatively ionized in large quantities as described above and dispersed in the atmosphere. I have. Here, it is said that the best conditions for generating negative ions are in an air environment with fine weather and low humidity (relative humidity 40 to 60%). It is said that the amount of negative ions increases because the water of the water becomes smaller particles (clusters). This Leonard effect can also be considered as a mechanism of generating negative ions called the so-called air ionization phenomenon. This air ionization phenomenon is a phenomenon in which negative electrons are emitted when water molecules are forcibly separated. is there. Therefore, in a waterfall or the like, water falls from a high place and water molecules are forcibly separated, and a large amount of negative ions are generated. In forests and the like, it is said that plants breathe to separate water molecules in the air and generate negative ions. In fact, many commercially available negative ion generators are configured to generate large amounts of negative ions in a spraying manner similar to plant breathing.
[0015]
Therefore, considering the negative ion generation mechanism by the carbonaceous material 21 such as charcoal (buried coal), the following mechanism can be considered as the first factor. First, when the temperature of the underfloor space S rises and the water (water molecules) contained in the pores of the carbonaceous material 21 is gradually evaporated by heat energy to become steam, the steam (water molecules) further increases the carbon content. The material 21 is forcibly decomposed into OH- (H2O) n, which is a negative ion, and H3O + (H2O) n, which is a positive ion, by external energy such as far infrared rays due to the far infrared effect of the material 21. Then, a large amount of such negative ions are dispersed and exist in the air. At this time, the positive ions fall to the ground because the clusters are large and heavy. Therefore, the air in the underfloor space S has a negative ion atmosphere in which negative ions are dominant.
[0016]
Here, the negative ions have a close relationship with a specific humidity zone. That is, in a humidity range of about 40 to 60% relative humidity, which is generally a comfortable humidity range for humans, water molecules (water vapor) in the air become water molecule clusters of 0.5 to 1 nanometer, Negative ionization as described above. On the other hand, since positive ions have large clusters and a considerable portion falls to the ground or floor, the water molecules dispersed in the air are negatively ionized water molecules, and the air is negatively ionized as a whole. Here, when the relative humidity is 80% or more, the water molecule cluster becomes large and becomes positively ionized. However, by adjusting the humidity of the underfloor space S by controlling the absorption and release of water molecules in the underfloor space S by a humidity control means or the like, the humidity of the atmospheric environment of the underfloor space S is set to a relative humidity of about 40 to 60%. And negative ions can be stably supplied in a large amount.
[0017]
Here, the amount of water adsorbed on the carbonaceous material 21 such as charcoal (the amount of saturated steam after absolute drying) increases as the carbonization temperature increases. Accordingly, since white coal (high-temperature coal) has a larger amount of water adsorption or water vapor adsorption than black coal (low-temperature coal), it can be suitably used as the carbonaceous material 21 as described above. That is, the carbonaceous material 21 is effective for maintaining the humidity in the underfloor space S at the optimum humidity due to its large humidity control ability.
[0018]
Alternatively, the negative ion generation mechanism by the carbonaceous material 21 such as charcoal can be considered to be due to the following reaction. That is, carbonaceous charcoal or the like is porous having a large number of fine pores (voids) inside, and a so-called interface is formed at the boundary between the pore surface inside the high-temperature coal fired at a high temperature and the air layer. It is said that electricity exists in high density. Therefore, the inside of the carbonaceous material 21 contains a large amount of negative electrons, and supplies electrons to the surroundings. Then, when the aggregate of water molecules, which is the moisture component in the air, approaches the porous chamber of the high-temperature coal as the carbonaceous material 21, the water molecules are ionized by an instantaneous discharge, and (H2O → H ++ OH-) Hydrogen ions generated by the reaction become hydrogen gas and diffuse into the air, and the hydroxyl ions form hydration bonds with water molecules to generate hydroxyl ions (H3O2-). The hydroxyl ion is a surfactant having a hydroxyl group ion as a hydrophobic group and a water molecule as a hydrophilic group.
[0019]
The far-infrared effect of the carbonaceous material 21 will be described briefly. The carbonaceous material 21 has a large amount of far-infrared ray in a wavelength range of 0.7 to 2 micrometers (700 to 2000 nm), and the far-infrared ray in this wavelength range has the largest heating effect. . Further, among the far infrared rays, particularly, the far infrared ray having a wavelength of 627 nm collides with a water molecule cluster in the air to cause a resonance action, and a negative ion (OH- (H2O) n) in which electrons are bonded to the water molecule cluster. That is, a hydroxyl ion and a positive ion (H3O + (H2O) n) in which the water molecule cluster has lost an electron are generated. Then, as described above, the positive ions fall to the ground, and a large amount of negative ions exist in the air in the underfloor space S.
[0020]
Further, the carbonaceous material 21 such as charcoal has a selective adsorption ability, and the carbonaceous material carbonized at 600 ° C. or less absorbs alkali (negative ion in the case of ions), and the carbonaceous material carbonized at 700 ° C. or more becomes acid (Positive ions in the case of ions). That is, the carbonaceous material 21 has an electric displacement point between 600 ° C. and 700 ° C. (approximately 650 ° C.). As described above, it has been proved that the high-temperature coal constituting the carbonaceous material 21 has a remarkable positive ion adsorption ability, and as a result, the ratio of negative ions in the air is relatively increased. I have. Therefore, when the carbonaceous material 21 of the first embodiment is used, the ratio of negative ions in the underfloor space S can be increased. Here, the high-temperature coal is preferably coal fired at a high temperature of 1000 degrees Celsius or more. This high-temperature coal becomes flame-retardant and exhibits effects such as electromagnetic wave shielding and generation of negative ions. This is because high-temperature coal has high electrical conductivity (low resistance). In addition, the high-temperature unit has a high activity (the size of the surface area on which air is adsorbed). When the carbonization temperature (calcination temperature) is 600 ° C. or lower, black coal (low-temperature coal) is obtained, the electric resistance is 10 KΩ · cm, and no generation of negative ions is observed. On the other hand, when the carbonization temperature is 800 ° C., white coal (high-temperature coal) is obtained, the electric resistance is 10 Ω · cm, and generation of negative ions is recognized. Bincho charcoal is a typical example of such white charcoal. Further, when the carbonization temperature is 900 ° C., it becomes white coal (high-temperature coal (activated charcoal)), has an electric resistance of 1 Ω · cm, and generation of a larger amount of negative ions is recognized. As such white coal, there is typically Bincho charcoal. Further, at a carbonization temperature of 1000 ° C., it becomes white coal (high-temperature coal (activated charcoal)), has an electric resistance of 0.1 Ω · cm, and generation of a larger amount of negative ions is recognized. As such white coal, there is typically Kishu Bincho charcoal.
[0021]
As described above, the fact that the carbonaceous material 21 becomes a negative ion generating source (supply source) is because, when a commercially available ion counter is brought close to the carbonaceous material 21, about 10 to 100 negative ions are generated per cubic centimeter. Can also be confirmed.
[0022]
Next, in the ion generating source 20, the carbonaceous (positive electrode) 21, the electrolyte layer 22, and the negative electrode 23 function as an air battery as a whole, and generate a large amount of negative ions stably and continuously. Specifically, carbonaceous material 21 (white coal, high-temperature calcined charcoal such as Bincho charcoal, which is a typical example of white coal) becomes a positive electrode, the aluminum layer becomes a negative electrode 23, and hydrated salt (like an aqueous solution of sodium chloride) becomes It functions as an intervening electrolyte layer 22. Note that air (oxygen) attached to the carbonaceous material 21 as a positive electrode acts as a depolarizer. Then, by the following reaction, electrons move from the negative pole 23 to the carbonaceous material 21 which is a positive electrode, and a large amount of electrons are released from the upper end surface of the carbonaceous material 21 to the underfloor space S, thereby reducing the negative ion generation efficiency in the air. It increases dramatically.
[0023]
Positive pole Al → Al2 ++ 2e-
Negative pole 2e- + 1/2 O2 + H2O → 2OH-
[0024]
Note that, instead of the carbonaceous material 21, diatomaceous earth (preferably fired at a high temperature) may be used as a negative ion generating source. In this case, the electrolyte layer 22, the negative electrode 23, and the container 24 can be omitted. That is, diatomaceous earth has a large adsorption / release function and a humidity control function due to an ultraporous structure composed of a large number of ultra-fine pores (5,000 to 6000 times that of charcoal) of 1 μ or less, and has a so-called respiratory property (absorption / release). Sex). As a result, water molecules are violently absorbed and released into the pores inside the diatomaceous earth, and are constantly subdivided into nanometer-sized water molecule clusters. Releases a large amount of negatively ionized water molecules. Here, the Leonard effect that occurs when moisture is absorbed and released by a porous material such as diatomaceous earth or carbonaceous material is, as for moisture absorption, when water molecules (water vapor) in the air consist of a number of ultrafine pores and The negative ions are generated by the large impact energy generated when the porous material having a super porous structure having a large size is strongly drawn into the porous material, and are released into the air from the surface of the porous material. In addition, at the time of dehumidification, the moisture taken in the porous material is strongly discharged by evaporation, and a large impact energy generated when passing through the porous material generates negative ions, so that air is generated from the surface of the porous material. Released during.
[0025]
Further, trimarine (tourmaline) can be used instead of the carbonaceous material 21. Tourmaline has a negative ion generation effect and a far-infrared emission effect, and can be suitably used as an ion source. Furthermore, tourmaline has a feature that generation of negative ions is activated by applying energy such as pressure or heat. Therefore, it is also effective to activate the generation of negative ions of the ion source consisting of tourmaline by operatively connecting the energy application means for applying vibration energy such as ultrasonic vibration, pressure energy, or heat energy to tourmaline. is there.
[0026]
In addition, according to experiments by the inventors, it has been confirmed that a large amount of negative ions are generated from the base concrete 11 itself depending on the air environment of the underfloor space S on the first floor. For example, when the humidity of the underfloor space S increases due to rainfall or the like, the foundation concrete 11 itself absorbs some moisture and retains moisture therein. Thereafter, a large amount of negative ions are generated by the above mechanism when the moisture retained in the foundation concrete 11 evaporates into water vapor due to a rise in the temperature of the underfloor space S with the passage of time. Therefore, the basic concrete 11 (particularly, the water means flat portion 11b) itself functions as an ion generating source to some extent.
[0027]
In this way, a large amount of negative ions are stably and continuously generated and supplied from the entire upper end surface of the carbonaceous material 21 to the first floor space S. In addition, since water and the like from the soil are continuously supplied to the carbonaceous material 21 and components necessary for or closely related to the generation of negative ions such as water are supplied, the supply of negative ions by water vapor is stabilized. And can be performed with high efficiency.
[0028]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of the building ventilation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a functional aspect.
A ventilation device 30 is installed in a space between the first floor ceiling 17 and the second floor 18 of the house 10 (the interior space of the suspended ceiling). The ventilator 30 is a 24 hour ventilation type central air supply / exhaust / heat exchange type. In each duct mounting portion (a duct mounting port and a duct joint, not shown) of the ventilating device 30, a duct 41 for introducing outside air OA, a duct 42 for discharging exhaust EA, a duct 43 for supplying air supply SA to each room, and A duct 44 for introducing return air RA is connected. Further, the first floor 16 is provided with a duct 45 communicating the first floor room space and the underfloor space S.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilator 30 includes a total heat type heat exchange unit 31 and an ion exchange unit 32. The heat exchange unit 31 introduces the outside air OA from the duct 41 to the duct 43 and the return air RA from the duct 44 to the duct 42 through different paths, respectively, to form the outside air OA and the return air RA (exhaust EA). Exchange heat between the two. Specifically, for example, the heat exchange unit 31 includes an exhaust passage from the indoor side to the outdoor side (a passage from the return air RA side to the exhaust EA side) and an air supply passage from the outdoor side to the indoor side (outside air OA). And a heat exchange element (not shown) is provided at the intersection to flow the exhaust gas flow and the supply air flow through the exhaust passage and the air supply passage, respectively. As a result, heat H (sensible heat and latent heat) is exchanged as shown by the thick broken line arrow in FIG. 2 to reduce heat loss due to exhaust.
[0030]
The heat exchange element of the heat exchange unit 31 has, for example, a structure of a cross flow plate fin type total heat exchanger, and includes a specially processed paper partition plate made of Japanese paper or a moisture permeable membrane, and a specially processed paper similarly. And a delta-core-shaped spacing plate are stacked in many stages up and down. In such a heat exchange element, the supply passage and the exhaust passage are completely separated by the partition plate, and the supply air and the exhaust do not mix. In addition, the heat exchange element utilizes the properties of heat permeability (thermal conductivity) and moisture permeability of specially processed paper, and determines the temperature (sensible heat) and the temperature when the exhaust EA and the outside air OA pass through the inside. Exchange of humidity (latent heat), that is, exchange of total heat is performed. Here, temperature (sensible heat) exchange is performed by conducting heat conduction and heat passage from the high temperature side (exhaust EA side) to the low temperature side (outside air OA side) through the partition plate. Note that the temperature exchange efficiency at this time is affected by the thermal resistance of the boundary layer (depends on the thermal resistance coefficient). Also, due to the partial pressure difference between the water vapor in the air passing through the exhaust passage and the water vapor in the air passing through the air supply passage, the movement of the water vapor is performed from the high humidity side to the low humidity side via the partition plate. Thereby, the humidity (latent heat) exchange is performed.
[0031]
The ventilator 30 introduces fresh air OA, which is fresh air, from the duct 41 and supplies air (fresh air) SA from the duct 43 to each room. The air supplied to each room on the first floor is supplied to the underfloor space S from the duct 45 after filling the room. The air supplied to each room on the second floor also has a communication means (a ventilation passage or the like provided in a wall) for communicating the room on the second floor with the room on the first floor as shown by a broken arrow in FIG. As a result, it moves to the room on the first floor, and is finally supplied to the underfloor space S via the duct 45 of the first floor 16. Thus, the air supplied to each room is finally collected in the underfloor space S. Although the duct 45 is illustrated in FIG. 2 so as to be exposed through the first floor 16, the duct 45 is actually provided at a position where the aesthetic appearance is not impaired in the room so as not to impair the aesthetic appearance. In addition, without providing the duct 45 on the first floor 16, the air in the first floor room is communicated with the first floor room and the underfloor space S by a communication means (a ventilation passage or the like provided in the wall). May be led. Similarly, the air in the room on the second floor may be guided to the underfloor space S by a communication means (a ventilation passage or the like provided in the wall) for communicating the room on the second floor with the underfloor space S.
[0032]
Normally, since the ventilation device 30 is used in combination with an air conditioner (cooling / heating device), the air collected in the underfloor space S becomes warm air (heating air) in winter. Therefore, the heat of warm air filling the underfloor space S is accumulated in the foundation concrete 11. That is, the foundation concrete 11 functions as a heat storage body. In particular, in the first embodiment, since the basic concrete 11 has a basic heat insulating structure using the heat insulating material 12, it functions effectively as a heat storage body. Therefore, the air in the underfloor space S is heated by the heat energy accumulated in the foundation concrete 11 as a heat storage in addition to the heat energy by the warm air from the duct 45, and the floor 16 is heated by heating the first floor 16. Demonstrate. On the other hand, the air in the underfloor space S is returned as return air RA from the return air duct 44 into the ventilator 30, and then heat-exchanged with the outside air OA by the heat exchange unit 31 of the ventilator 30 to be exhausted. The EA is discharged outside from the duct 42 as EA. Then, the heat-exchanged outside air OA is supplied from the duct 43 to each room as air supply SA. At this time, the return air RA is heated by both the warm air from the duct 45 and the heat energy accumulated in the foundation concrete 11 as described above, so that the heat loss can be reduced.
[0033]
Here, a large amount of negative ions generated from the ion generating source 20 are mixed in the air in the underfloor space S. Therefore, the return air RA introduced into the ventilation device 30 from the return air duct 44 is air containing a large amount of negative ions, is ion-exchanged with the outside air OA by the ion exchange unit 32 of the ventilation device 30, and is exhausted EA. And discharged from the duct 42 to the outside. More specifically, the ion exchange unit 32 introduces outside air OA (supply air SA) from the duct 41 to the duct 43 and return air RA (exhaust EA) from the duct 44 to the duct 42 to form the outside air OA. The negative ions I are exchanged with the return air RA (exhaust air EA) as shown by a thick broken line arrow in FIG. The ion exchange unit 32 is, for example, a partition plate that separates the outside air OA (supply air SA) from the duct 41 to the duct 43 and the return air RA (exhaust EA) from the duct 44 to the duct 42. A partitioning means having a negative ion exchange function can be provided inside. In this case, the ion exchange unit 32 introduces the outside air OA and the return air RA into the inside through different paths, and performs negative ion exchange between the outside air OA and the return air RA (exhaust EA) via the partitioning means. .
[0034]
Specifically, for example, the ion exchange unit 32 includes an exhaust passage from the indoor side to the outdoor side (a passage from the return air RA side to the exhaust EA side) and an air supply passage from the outdoor side to the indoor side (outside air OA). (A passage from the air supply side to the air supply SA side), and an ion exchange element (not shown) may be provided at the intersection. Then, the ion exchange unit 32 performs negative ion exchange in the ion exchange element by flowing the exhaust gas flow and the supply air flow through the exhaust passage and the air supply passage, respectively, and transfers a large amount of negative ions contained in the return air RA to the outside air OA. And efficiently resupply to the air supply SA side. Alternatively, the ion exchange unit 32 introduces the outside air OA (supply air SA) from the duct 41 to the duct 43 and the return air RA (exhaust EA) from the duct 44 to the duct 42 through the same path, and introduces the outside air OA. Negative ion exchange may be performed between the return air RA (exhaust air EA). In this case, specifically, for example, the ion exchange unit 32 performs negative ion exchange by mixing the return air RA and the outside air OA in the same room, and converts a large amount of negative ions contained in the return air RA into the outside air OA. And efficiently resupply to the air supply SA side.
[0035]
Embodiment 2
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention from a functional aspect.
The ventilation device 130 of the building ventilation system according to the second embodiment differs from the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment in that the positions of the heat exchange unit 31 and the ion exchange unit 32 are reversed in the direction of air flow. Other configurations are the same as those of the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment. That is, in the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment, the return air RA is first ion-exchanged with the outside air OA through the ion exchange unit 32, and then passes through the heat exchange unit 31 and exchanges with the outside air OA. Heat exchanged between On the other hand, in the ventilation device 130 of the second embodiment, the return air RA is first passed through the heat exchange unit 31 and exchanged heat with the outside air OA, and then passes through the ion exchange unit 32 and is returned to the outside air OA. Is ion-exchanged between The ventilation device 130 according to the second embodiment configured as described above can be used for the building ventilation system of the house 10 in the same manner as the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment.
[0036]
Embodiment 3
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention from a functional aspect.
The ventilation device 230 of the building ventilation system according to the third embodiment is different from the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment in having both functions of the heat exchange unit 31 and the ion exchange unit 32. Other configurations are the same as those of the ventilation device 30 of the first embodiment. That is, the ventilation device 230 of the second embodiment has the same partition plate 235 as the total heat exchange partition plate of the heat exchange element of the heat exchange unit 31. Then, the heat exchange device 230 introduces the outside air OA from the duct 41 to the duct 43 and the return air RA from the duct 44 to the duct 42 through different paths, respectively, and the outside air OA and the return air RA (exhaust EA). Exchange of heat H and exchange of negative ions I are performed simultaneously.
[0037]
Here, the negative ion exchange is performed simultaneously when the latent heat is exchanged via the partition plate 235. That is, the negative ions (negative ionized water vapor and the like) contained in the return air RA pass through the partition plate 235 from the return air RA side to the outside air OA side, are mixed with the outside air OA, and are included in the supply air SA. Recirculated to each room again. For example, when the partial pressure of steam on the return air RA side is larger than the partial pressure of steam on the outside air OA side, the negatively ionized water vapor moves from the return air RA side to the outside air OA side due to the partial pressure difference of the water vapor. Normally, when the humidity of the outside air OA is low, such as in winter, the partial pressure of steam on the return air RA side is larger than the partial pressure of steam on the outside air OA side, that is, since the humidity of the return air RA is higher than the humidity of the outside air OA, Even if no special means is provided in the device 230, the negatively ionized water vapor moves from the return air RA side to the outside air OA side. On the other hand, when the humidity of the outside air OA is high, such as in summer, the partial pressure of the steam on the outside air OA is higher than the partial pressure of the steam on the return air RA, that is, the humidity of the outside air OA becomes higher than the humidity of the return air RA. It is preferable that the humidity of the outside air OA is lower than the humidity of the return air RA by providing a dehumidifying means in the passage on the OA side. Also in the ventilator 30 of the first embodiment and the ventilator 130 of the second embodiment, when the ion exchange unit 32 is configured to use a total heat exchange type partition plate, the passage on the outside air OA side is similar to the above. It is preferable that the humidity of the outside air OA be lower than the humidity of the return air RA by providing a dehumidifying means.
[0038]
The partition plate 235 of the ventilator 230 according to the third embodiment may be of a sensible heat exchange type instead of a total heat exchange type. In this case, since the partition plate 235 exchanges only sensible heat and does not exchange latent heat (water vapor transfer), it is preferable that the partition plate 235 be configured to efficiently move negative ions in the return air RA to the outside air OA side. For example, the partition plate 235 can be formed from a conductive material (eg, a metal material) having high ion permeability or high ion conductivity. The same applies to the case where a sensible heat exchange type partition plate is used for the ion exchange element 32 of the ventilator 30 or 130 according to the first or second embodiment.
[0039]
Embodiment 4
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention has been applied.
The building ventilation system according to the fourth embodiment is applied to a detached house 310 similar to the first embodiment as a building. The house 310 differs from the house 10 of the first embodiment in the structure of the foundation concrete 311. Other configurations are the same as those of the house 10 of the first embodiment. That is, the foundation concrete 311 of the house 310 has the rising part 311a and the flat part 311b. The rising portion 311a is the same as the rising portion 11a of the foundation concrete 11 of the first embodiment. On the other hand, the flat portion 311b has a structure in which a hole for carbonaceous embedding is not formed at the center and the entire floor base surface is different from the flat portion 11b of the first embodiment.
[0040]
The building ventilation system according to the fourth embodiment differs from the building ventilation system according to the first embodiment in the structure of the ion source. Other configurations are the same as those of the building ventilation system according to the first embodiment. Specifically, in the fourth embodiment, the ion generating source 320 is composed of a large number of coals laid in layers over the entire surface of the flat portion 311b of the foundation concrete 311. The litter is a rectangular plate-like material in which bags similar to the carbonaceous material 21 of the first embodiment are filled, and generates negative ions in the same manner as the carbonaceous material 21 of the first embodiment. Further, in the fourth embodiment, since the ion generation source 320 is laid on the entire surface of the underfloor soil area, the area of the negative ion generation region can be increased, and a large amount of negative ions can be stored in the underfloor space S. Can be supplied. In addition, since the ion source 320 is laid on the flat portion 11b of the foundation concrete 11 as a heat storage body, the heat energy from the flat portion 11b allows the water molecule cluster to be more effectively miniaturized. Negative ions can be generated efficiently.
[0041]
In addition, as the ion generating source 320, other ion generating materials such as diatomaceous earth and tourmaline formed in a sheet shape may be laid on the flat portion 311b in addition to the charcoal. Alternatively, various ion-generating materials such as charcoal, diatomaceous earth, and tourmaline can be used alone or in appropriate combination. This is the same in the first embodiment. Further, since the ion source 20 of the first embodiment is provided only at the center of the flat portion 11b, the ion source 320 of the fourth embodiment may be laid at a portion other than the center of the flat portion.
[0042]
Embodiment 5
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention is applied.
The building ventilation system according to the fifth embodiment is applied to a house 310 having the same structure as the house 310 according to the fourth embodiment. Furthermore, the building ventilation system according to Embodiment 5 uses the foundation concrete 311 itself as a sole ion source. That is, as briefly described in the first embodiment, the basic concrete 311 itself also functions as a source of negative ions under predetermined conditions. Specifically, in the fifth embodiment, the moisture supply unit 411, the humidity control unit 412, and the energy application unit 413 are operatively connected to the underfloor space S. The moisture supply means 411 continuously supplies moisture to the underfloor space S in the form of water vapor, water spray, or the like. The water supply means 411 normally supplies a constant amount of water to the underfloor space S per unit time. Alternatively, the water supply means 411 can control the supply amount of water per unit time to supply the water to the underfloor space S. The humidity control means 412 maintains the relative humidity of the underfloor space S in a range suitable for the generation of negative ions as described above. For example, the humidity of the underfloor space S is maintained at a relative humidity of 40 to 60%. .
[0043]
In the fifth embodiment, since the humidity of the underfloor space S can be increased by the moisture supply means 411, the humidity control means 412 can exhibit only the dehumidification function. However, when the humidity control means 412 is configured to have a negligence function in addition to the dehumidification function, the water supply means 411 can be omitted. The energy applying means 413 applies mechanical energy such as wind energy and ultrasonic vibration energy, heat energy such as far infrared rays, electric energy and the like to the air in the underfloor space S to activate water vapor and the like in the air in the underfloor space S. To improve the generation efficiency of negative ions. For example, while water vapor is supplied to the underfloor space S by the water supply means 411, and is blown to the underfloor space S by the energy applying means 413 composed of a blower or the like, the water vapor in the underfloor space S is efficiently ionized by the Leonard effect. can do.
[0044]
In the fifth embodiment, moisture is constantly supplied to the underfloor space S by the moisture supply means 411 to promote moisture evaporation (steam generation) from the foundation concrete 311, while the humidity control means 412 causes the moisture in the underfloor space S to be reduced. The air environment can be maintained in an environment suitable for generating negative ions as described above (for example, humidity of 40 to 60 degrees). Therefore, in particular, the negative ions can be efficiently and stably continuously generated from the base concrete 311 without providing the carbonaceous material 21 as in the first embodiment or the coal bed as in the fourth embodiment. . In particular, when water is sprinkled on the flat part 311b by the water supply means 411, the temperature of the underfloor space S rises, and when the temperature rises due to the heat storage of the foundation concrete 311, the water in the flat part 311b in particular evaporates. At this time, as described above, since the water molecule clusters float in the air while being small, a large number of negative ions are generated.
[0045]
The water supply unit 411, the humidity control unit 412, and the energy application unit 413 constitute an ion generation promoting unit according to the fifth embodiment. Further, the water supply unit 411, the humidity control unit 412, and the energy application unit 413 according to the fifth embodiment can be additionally provided in the building ventilation system according to the first to fourth embodiments. Further, in order to enhance the water retention effect and the water absorption / desorption effect, a part or the entirety of the flat portion 311b of the base concrete 311 may be made of a porous material such as porous concrete.
[0046]
Embodiment 6
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention is applied.
While the building ventilation system according to Embodiments 1 to 5 is applied to detached houses 10, 310, and 410, the building ventilation system according to Embodiment 6 is applied to an apartment house (multi-dwelling house) 510. Is done. The building ventilation system of the house on the first floor of the apartment house 510 has the same configuration as the building ventilation system according to the fourth embodiment. In general, no underfloor space is provided in a house on the second floor or higher (upper floor) of apartment house 510, but in the sixth embodiment, an underfloor space S is formed in a house on the second floor or higher of apartment house 510. ing. The building ventilation system of the house on the second floor or higher of the apartment house 510 has the same configuration as the building ventilation system according to the fourth embodiment.
Note that the ion source 20 of the first embodiment can be used as the ion source of the sixth embodiment. In this case, the entirety of the carbonaceous material 21 is also placed in a container to form a three-dimensional shape, and placed in the underfloor space S. Alternatively, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the foundation concrete 311 itself can be used as an ion generation source.
[0047]
By the way, the building ventilation system of the present invention is preferably applied to a 24-hour ventilation type high airtight house, but can be applied to a medium airtight house and a low airtight house in addition to the high airtight house. Further, the building ventilation system of the present invention can be applied to buildings other than houses. In particular, the building ventilation system of the present invention can be suitably used for buildings where various effects such as a sterilization effect by negative ions and a health promotion effect are expected, such as medical institutions and nursing care facilities. Further, the building ventilation system of the present invention can also be applied to a detached house or apartment house other than the external heat insulation structure, or a house having no heat insulation structure. Furthermore, the foundation structure of the house can be a structure other than concrete. In addition, some or all of the flat portions 11b and 311b of the underfloor space S may be omitted to expose soil on the ground. Also in this case, it is possible to expect a negative ion utterance effect from the ground.
[0048]
In the present invention, ventilation means is constituted by the ventilation devices 30, 130, 230 and the ducts 41 to 45. Here, the ventilation devices 30, 130, and 230 may be installed in places other than the interior space of the suspended ceiling as long as all the rooms of the houses 10, 310, 410, and 510 can be ventilated. Furthermore, the building ventilation system of the present invention can be embodied as a system for ventilating only predetermined rooms, instead of all rooms of the houses 10, 310, 410, and 510. Further, a plurality of ventilation devices may be used, and the ventilation devices may be selectively used for one or more rooms. Further, the ventilator can be embodied as a ventilator that performs only negative ion exchange without performing heat exchange.
[0049]
That is, the building ventilation system according to the present invention supplies the air of the negative ion environment generated and supplied in the underfloor space S on the first floor to the ventilation devices 30, 130, and 230, and the desired air from the ventilation devices 30, 130, and 230 is provided. After being supplied to the room, any configuration can be adopted as long as it has a circulation cycle of supplying from the first floor 16 to the underfloor space S and returning from the underfloor space S to the ventilation device 30, 130, 230. . The building ventilation system according to the present invention is generally used in combination with an air conditioner, but can be used alone.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
Since the building ventilation system according to the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to supply the negative ions uniformly and stably to all the rooms in the house.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of a building ventilation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a functional aspect.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of a building ventilation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention from a functional aspect.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a ventilation device of a building ventilation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention from a functional aspect.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a building to which a building ventilation system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
11b, 311b: Flat part of foundation concrete (soil concrete)
20, 320: ion source
21: Carbonaceous
30, 130, 230: Ventilation device (ventilation means)
41, 42, 43, 44, 45: duct (ventilation means)
311: Basic concrete (ion source)
411, 412, 413: ion generation promoting means

Claims (3)

An ion source that is installed in the underfloor space of the building and continuously generates negative ions,
After the outside air is supplied to the room of the building, the air in the room is supplied to the underfloor space, and an air circulation cycle for returning and exhausting the air in the underfloor space is formed. A ventilation system for exchanging negative ions contained in the air to be exchanged with the outside air. The building ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the ion source includes carbonaceous material disposed in the underfloor space. The ion generation source is composed of slab concrete formed in the underfloor space, and further, the underfloor space is operatively connected to an ion generation promoting means comprising a water supply means, a humidity control means and an energy applying means, The building ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein generation of negative ions from said slab concrete in the underfloor space is promoted.

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