【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、橋梁接続部にて、遊間部の両側に位置する主桁・床版からなる橋梁躯体の伸縮を吸収するための橋梁伸縮連結装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、橋梁の伸縮を吸収緩和するための橋梁伸縮連結装置として、幅員方向に凹凸状にした鋼製やゴム製の伸縮連結装置や、くし形伸縮連結装置が使用されている。
【０００３】
しかしながら、上記のような鋼製の橋梁伸縮連結装置は、車両の継続的な通行により、連結装置近傍の舗装材が破損したり、伸縮連結装置が損耗し、また、前後の橋梁躯体の高さに段差が生じたりすると、通行車両がこの装置の上を通行するたびに走行車両に衝撃を起こしたり大きな騒音を発生させる。
【０００４】
このため、不具合を生じた伸縮連結装置は、その都度、更新する必要があるが、鋼製の既設伸縮連結装置を取り替えるには撤去作業が困難であった。
又、ゴム製の既設伸縮連結装置は、ゴムの摩耗、剥離、損傷などが生じ易く、耐久性に欠けるという欠点があった。
【０００５】
近年、これら従来タイプの伸縮連結装置に替わってシート埋設型伸縮連結装置が開発され、高架橋に採用されてきている。この橋梁伸縮連結装置２５は、図７に示すように、橋梁の接続部において遊間部３の両側に位置する橋梁躯体１，２の表面にそれぞれ取付けられる支持金属板２０，２１と、この上面に伸縮可能な湾曲部２２を有する強化繊維複合材、高強度繊維シート（以下、両者を合せてシート２３という）を両側躯体１，２にアンカーし、前記シート２３の上にゴムアスファルトやＭＭＡ樹脂等の弾性樹脂２４を隣接する路面高さまで打設したものである（例えば、特許文献１または２参照）。
【０００６】
この橋梁伸縮連結装置は、弾性樹脂２４を支持する高強度、高弾性率の前記シート２３が有する優れた防振特性を利用することにより、発生する騒音、衝撃を低減することができ、しかも耐摩耗性に優れている。また、補修・更新も容易という特長を有している。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開平１０−２９８９０８号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２００１−１５２４０７号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の橋梁伸縮連結装置２５は、橋梁躯体１，２間の伸縮量が少ない場合はあまり問題ないが、伸縮量が大きくなると橋梁接続部の路面２８が隆起する課題があった。
【０００９】
特に夏季において橋梁躯体１，２が膨張して橋梁接続部の遊間部間隔Ｌが狭まった場合に路面２８の隆起が顕著となり、走行車両に衝撃や騒音が生じて快適な走行の障害となる。
【００１０】
本発明者等は上記課題について、実験研究・解析を行った結果、この原因を突き止め解決手段を見出した。
【００１１】
すなわち、隆起の原因は、夏季においては橋梁躯体１，２が膨張するため遊間部間隔Ｌが狭まり、シート２３の湾曲部２２が曲げ変形し伸縮連結部２９の弾性樹脂２４が圧縮される際に、図８に示すように、弾性樹脂２４の下側の湾曲シート２３が橋梁躯体１，２の円弧状に削り取った角部３０に貼り付けた支持金属板２０，２１で変形を拘束して支持されているため、圧縮された弾性樹脂２４は、矢印Ｐで示すように、開放側（路面側）に向かって変形し大きな隆起３１が生じることになる。
【００１２】
また、橋梁躯体１，２が収縮した場合（冬季）は、橋梁躯体１，２が収縮して遊間部Ｌが広がり、シート２３の湾曲状態が平たくなるため、弾性樹脂２４を上方に持ち上げて、隆起３１を生じる。ただし、この場合は弾性樹脂２４が伸縮方向に伸ばされて相殺するため、橋梁躯体１，２が膨張する場合より隆起量は小さい。
【００１３】
本発明は、シート埋設型伸縮連結装置において、橋梁間に大きな伸縮があっても橋梁接続部の路面隆起を抑制することができる橋梁伸縮連結装置を提供することを目的としたものである。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の伸縮連結装置は、上記目的を達成するため以下の構成を要旨とする。橋梁の接続箇所の遊間部に設置される伸縮連結装置であって、遊間部を介して橋軸方向に隣り合う各橋梁躯体から遊間部側に向けて張出した１対の支持金属板上に、中央部分を下方に湾曲させた高強度繊維シートが支持され、前記シートの上部に伸縮性と耐久性を備えた弾性樹脂が被覆されており、前記シートと支持金属板の端部が橋梁躯体の切り込み段差部にアンカー材で固定され、前記支持金属板として薄板を用い、且つ曲げ成形した先端部が橋梁躯体の遊間部側の側面と離間状態で前記シートの湾曲部付け根部を支持していることを特徴とする橋梁の伸縮連結装置である。
【００１５】
前記支持金属板は、遊間部側端部となる先端部を円弧状に曲げ成形した方がよい。
また、前記シート上に被覆した弾性樹脂の橋軸方向の両端部を、下方に向かって互いに離反するようなテーパ状の傾斜面（下広テーパ状）とし、隣接する路面材に接合した方がよい。
【００１６】
前記伸縮連結装置は、弾性樹脂の表面高さを隣接する路面と同一高さにした１層構造とするか、または、弾性樹脂の表面に滑動シートを設置し、その上に充填・転圧してアスファルトを設け、そのアスファルトの高さを隣接する路面高と同一高さとした２層構造のいずれにしてもよい。
【００１７】
更に、中央部を下方に湾曲させた高強度繊維シートと、前記シートの湾曲部付け根から外側を支持する１対の支持金属板と、前記シートの上部に被覆した弾性樹脂と、前記シートと支持金属板の端部を固定したアンカー材を一体的に工場製作した伸縮ブロックとし、該伸縮ブロックを遊間部の両側橋梁躯体に切り込み段差部を設けた橋梁の接続箇所に嵌め込み、前記アンカー材と橋梁躯体側アンカー材を結合し、隙間に充填材を充填して接合した橋梁の伸縮連結装置としてもよい。
【００１８】
【作用】
すなわち、以下の手段によって前述の隆起の原因を解消した。
【００１９】
従来技術において橋梁接続の路面隆起３１は、前述のとおり遊間部Ｌにおける湾曲状のシート２３の変形を拘束していることが原因と考えられるため、本発明では高強度繊維シートの変形を拘束しないようにするために、前記シートの湾曲部付け根部を支持する支持金属板として変形しやすいように曲げ剛性の弱い薄板を用い、且つ遊間部が狭まっても曲げ成形した先端部が遊間部の躯体の側面に接触しないように離間状態を保持した。
【００２０】
この結果、図６に示すように、橋梁躯体１，２が膨張して、遊間部３の幅ＬがＬ０からＬ１に狭まっても、支持金属板４，５で支持された高強度繊維シート６の湾曲部２２の変形抵抗が低いため、圧縮された弾性樹脂７は、遊間部３側にも自由に変形して路面側の隆起３１を抑制できた。なお、支持金属板４，５の遊間部３側の端部は円弧状に形成し高強度繊維シート６を傷つけないようにした方が望ましい。
【００２１】
また、シート６上に被覆した弾性樹脂７の橋軸方向の両端部を下方に向かって互いに離反するようなテーパ状の傾斜面（下広テーパ状）１９としたことにより、図６に示すように、橋梁躯体１，２が膨張して伸縮連結部２９の弾性樹脂７が圧縮される際に、弾性樹脂７には斜め下向きに圧縮力ｐが作用するため、路面側の隆起３１を抑制できた。このテーパ形状の傾斜面１９は底辺との角度θを小さくする程、作用力の方向をより下方側に向けることができ隆起の抑制効果が高くなる。
【００２２】
上記伸縮連結装置は、弾性樹脂の表面を隣接する路面と同じ高さとして路面に露出するタイプおよび弾性樹脂の上部にアスファルトを打設する埋め込みタイプのいずれにも適用できる。
【００２３】
また、上記伸縮連結装置は工場製作したブロック状伸縮装置を橋梁の接続箇所に設けた切込み段差部に嵌め込み、回りの隙間に樹脂モルタル等の充填材を充填して設置してもよい。
【００２４】
【発明の実施形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態について図を参照して説明する。
【００２５】
図１は本発明の実施形態１に係る伸縮連結装置１８であって、工場でプレハブ製作した伸縮ブロック１７を用いて伸縮連結装置を設置した形態の断面図である。
【００２６】
本発明に係る伸縮連結装置１８は、橋梁の接続部において各部材を組立設置することができるが、予め工場製作した伸縮ブロック１７を用いると現地作業の工期を短縮でき、しかも品質管理面でも有利となる。
【００２７】
伸縮ブロック１７は、橋梁の接合部の路盤に切り込みを設けて設置されるため、切り込み段差部８に嵌め込み可能なサイズにする。また、既設の伸縮連結装置を切断撤去して更新する場合は、図２に示すように片側車線を通行規制して設置作業を行なうため、伸縮ブロック１７は道路の幅員方向に複数に分割した形状とする。この分割サイズはトラック輸送、作業性も考慮して決める。
【００２８】
前記路盤に切り込み段差部８を設けるために既設の伸縮装置を切断撤去する場合、本出願人等が特願２００１−０８３号で出願している「既設伸縮継手部の部分切断装置および部分切断方法」を利用すると、低騒音でしかも必要部分のみ凹状に正確に切断撤去できる。
【００２９】
伸縮ブロック１７は、中央部を下方に湾曲させた高強度繊維シート６と、前記シート６の湾曲部付け根１３から外側を支持する１対の支持金属板４，５と、前記シート６の上部に被覆した弾性樹脂７と、前記シート６と支持金属板４，５の端部を固定したアンカー材１６で構成され、これらの部材を工場にて一体的に組立製作される。
【００３０】
前記高強度繊維シート６は、ＰＢＯ繊維の他、ガラス繊維、アラミド，ナイロン，ポリエステルなどの有機繊維、ボロン，チタン，スチールなどの金属繊維等を一種、又は複数種混入したハイブリッドタイプの材料を用い、中央部を下方に湾曲させた形状とする。
【００３１】
前記シート６の中央部の湾曲形状はＵ字状にするのが好ましく、基端部（付け根部）の幅Ｗを設置する遊間部３が最小幅に狭まった状態の幅より狭くなるようにする。
【００３２】
前記シート６の湾曲部付け根１３から外側を支持する１対の支持金属板４，５は、変形しやすいように曲げ剛性を弱いものとし、先端部１１がシート６を傷付けないように滑らかに形成する必要がある。また、路面からの侵入水に対して防食性を有する材料を用いる。
【００３３】
これらの条件を満たすため、この実施形態では支持金属板４，５として端部を約１０〜２０ｍｍ半径の円弧状に曲げ加工した板厚約１ｍｍのステンレス製の薄板を用いた。
【００３４】
また、前記支持金属板４，５は、遊間部３が狭まっても曲げ成形した先端部１１が遊間部Ｌの幅Ｗが最小幅に狭まっても、躯体１，２の側面１２に接触しないようにして離間状態を保持する。因みに支間長２０ｍの橋梁では、伸縮連結装置が圧縮される時の設計伸縮量が１５ｍｍになるため、平常時（春・秋）と夏季（遊間部最小幅に収縮時）ではこれ以上の間隔になるようにする。
【００３５】
前記シート６の上に充填・被覆する弾性樹脂７は、ウレタン樹脂、ゴムアスファルト、ＭＭＡ樹脂等のような伸縮性と耐久性を備えた樹脂を完成後の高さが隣接する路面と同じ高さになるような所定の厚さ打設されている。また、この弾性樹脂７は収縮時に圧縮力が斜め下向きになるように、橋軸方向の両端部を下方に向かって互いに離反するように傾斜するテーパー状（下広テーパ状）の傾斜面１９とし、隣接する路盤と同等なコンクリートやモルタル材に接合されている。前記各傾斜面（下広テーパ面）１９の角度θは仰角をできるだけ小さくした方が収縮時の圧縮力をより下向きにでき上面への隆起抑制効果を高くすることができるが、各傾斜面（テーパ部）１９の上方が薄くなるため実用的には４５度〜６０度程度にするのが望ましい。
【００３６】
なお、前記弾性樹脂７中にＰＢＯ繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ナイロン繊維、ポリエステル繊維などで製作されたメッシュ状シートを埋め込んで亀裂の発生を防止してもよい。
【００３７】
伸縮ブロック１７の支持金属板４，５と高強度繊維シート６の端部は、遊間部の橋梁躯体に固定するためのＬ字形のアンカー材１６が設けられている。このアンカー材１６は躯体１，２の露出鉄筋等に溶接結合して固定される。また、伸縮連結装置１８を橋梁躯体１，２にアンカーする手段は，前記アンカー材１６を躯体１，２から露出した鉄筋３３に溶接固定する以外に、躯体に明けたボルト孔にホールインアンカーを用いて高強度繊維シート６と支持金属板４，５をボルトで固定することもできる。伸縮ブロック１７を使用してボルト固定する場合はアンカー部分を箱抜きして取り付ける。
【００３８】
また、伸縮ブロック１７の端部に固定された突片３４とボルト３５は、切り込み段差部８を設けた路盤に伸縮ブロック１７を設置する場合に高さを調整するための調整冶具３６である。
【００３９】
以上、説明した伸縮ブロック１７は、橋梁接続部の躯体１，２に設けた切込み段差部８に嵌め込まれ、橋梁躯体１，２から露出させた鉄筋等にアンカー材１６を溶接固定し、隙間に樹脂モルタル等の充填材３２を充填して伸縮連結装置１８を完成する。
【００４０】
図３は本発明の実施形態２を示すものであって、前記実施形態１と同様な伸縮ブロック１７を用いて設置した伸縮連結装置１８の弾性樹脂７の上に粘着材やゴムシート等の滑動シート３７を設置し、その上に隣接路面と同一高さに連続するようにアスファルト３８を充填・転圧した埋め込みタイプの伸縮連結装置１８である。
【００４１】
前記滑動シート３７、伸縮連結装置１８の伸縮時に生じるせん断力を逃がし、また表層アスファルト３８と弾性樹脂７間の熱膨張特性の差異によって生じる熱ひずみを逃がすスリップレイヤーの役割を担う。また、前記滑動材３７は止水性を有するため雨水の浸入を阻止して伸縮連結装置１８の耐久性を向上する。
【００４２】
なお、表層アスファルト３８は伸縮連結装置１８の弾性樹脂７に比べて変形性能が劣るため、図示を省略するが、アスファルト表面３８に幅３ミリ程度のスリットを複数本入れておくと伸縮装置の伸縮変形に追従しやすくなる。
【００４３】
この実施形態２では、上部の表層アスファルト３８の上方拘束力によって伸縮時の隆起をさらに抑制することができる。
【００４４】
【実験例】
本発明の橋梁伸縮連結装置の効果を確認するために本発明に係る試験体と比較のため従来技術の試験体を製作し確認試験した．
【００４５】
＜試験体＞
本発明に係る試験体は図４に示すように、遊間部幅１３０ｍｍ、両側に橋梁躯体１，２に相当する厚鋼板３９を配置し、この厚鋼板３９の上面に板厚１ｍｍのステンレス板を使用した支持金属板４，５とＵ字状に湾曲する高強度繊維シート（ＰＢＯ繊維）６をアンカー間隔２５０ｍｍで固定した。前記シート６上に被覆した弾性樹脂７には厚さ５０ｍｍのＭＭＡ樹脂を使用し、前記弾性樹脂７における橋軸方向両端部の傾斜面１９の仰角θを６０度にした断面で下広がりテーパ形状とし、テーパ状傾斜面１９の外側にはモルタル４０を打設した。
【００４６】
前記シート６の中央部湾曲の基部幅は６５ｍｍとし、支持金属板４，５の先端は半径１４ｍｍの円弧状に形成し、厚鋼板３９端とは２０ｍｍ離間させた。
【００４７】
上記試験体の両側モルタル部４０の一方は反力体４１に固定したボルト４２で固定し、他方に軸方向載荷試験機４３にボルト４２で連結して試験体に圧縮力を作用できるようにした。
【００４８】
従来技術に係る試験体は図５に示すように、６ｍｍ厚さの支持金属板２０，２１を用い、かつ弾性樹脂７の橋軸方向両端面を垂直とした以外は本発明と同様の構成とした。
【００４９】
＜試験結果＞
上記各試験体に、支間長２０ｍの橋梁の伸縮連結装置が圧縮される時の設計伸縮量に相当するΔ＝１５ｍｍの遊間部収縮量を生じるように圧縮力を載荷し、弾性樹脂７の表面の隆起量を計測した。
【００５０】
その結果、本発明の試験体では隆起量が３ｍｍであったが、従来技術の試験体では本発明の４倍にあたる約１２ｍｍ隆起した。なお、引張り力を載荷した結果は両者とも２ｍｍ程度の低い隆起が認められた。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の橋梁伸縮連結装置は、弾性樹脂とこれを支持する高強度繊維シートが有する優れた防振特性を利用することにより、橋梁伸縮接続部を走行する車両から発生する騒音、衝撃を低減することができ、しかも耐摩耗性に優れている。
【００５２】
また、橋梁の接続箇所の遊間部に設置される伸縮連結装置であって、接続部躯体の両側から遊間部側に向けて張出した１対の支持金属板上に、中央部分を下方に湾曲させた高強度繊維シートが支持され、前記シートの上部に伸縮性と耐久性を備えた弾性樹脂が被覆されており、前記シートと支持金属板の端部が橋梁躯体の切り込み段差部にアンカー材で固定され、前記支持金属板として薄板を用い、且つ曲げ成形した先端部が遊間部躯体の側面と離間状態で前記シートの湾曲部付け根部を支持していることにより、遊間部が収縮する際に圧縮される弾性樹脂を遊間部側に変形させるため、路面の隆起を抑制でき橋梁伸縮接続部を走行する車両から発生する騒音、衝撃を低減するため快適な走行ができる。
【００５３】
なお、前記弾性樹脂の橋軸方向の両端部を下方に向かって互いに離反するように傾斜するテーパー状の傾斜面（下広テーパ状）にすると、遊間部が収縮する際に弾性樹脂に生じる圧縮力を下向きするため更に路面の隆起を抑制できる。
【００５４】
また、中央部を下方に湾曲させた高強度繊維シートと、前記シートの湾曲部付け根から外側を支持する１対の支持金属板と、前記シートの上部に被覆した弾性樹脂と、前記シートと支持金属板の端部を固定したアンカー材を一体的に工場製作した伸縮ブロックを用い、該伸縮ブロックを遊間部の両側橋梁躯体に切り込み段差部を設けた橋梁の接続箇所に嵌め込み、前記アンカー材と橋梁躯体側アンカー材を結合し、隙間に充填材を充填して接合するようにすると、現地作業を短工期にできるため、既設道路における伸縮連結装置の更新時には交通規制の期間を短くできる。また、前記伸縮ブロックは工場製作のため品質管理が容易となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の橋梁の伸縮連結装置の実施形態１を示す断面図。
【図２】本発明の伸縮連結装置の分割施工配置する平面図。
【図３】本発明の伸縮連結装置の実施形態１を示す断面図。
【図４】本発明の伸縮連結装置の効果を説明するための試験体と試験装置。
【図５】同上、従来の伸縮連結装置の試験体。
【図６】本発明の伸縮連結装置の隆起抑制作用を説明する断面図。
【図７】従来の橋梁の伸縮連結装置の断面図。
【図８】従来の伸縮連結装置の隆起発生を説明する断面図。
【符号の説明】
１ 橋梁躯体
２ 橋梁躯体
３ 遊間部
４ 支持金属板
５ 支持金属板
６ 高強度繊維シート
７ 弾性樹脂
８ 切り込み段差部
１１ 先端部
１２ 側面
１３ 湾曲部付け根部
１６ アンカー材
１７ 伸縮ブロック
１８ 伸縮連結装置
１９ 傾斜面
２０ 支持金属板
２１ 支持金属板
２２ 湾曲部
２３ シート
２４ 弾性樹脂
２５ 橋梁伸縮連結装置
２８ 路面
２９ 伸縮連結部
３０ 角部
３１ 隆起
３２ 充填材
３３ 鉄筋
３４ 突片
３５ ボルト
３６ 調整冶具
３７ 滑動シート（滑動材）
３８ アスファルト
３９ 厚鋼板
４０ モルタル
４１ 反力体
４２ ボルト
４３ 軸方向載荷試験機[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bridge expansion / contraction connection device for absorbing expansion / contraction of a bridge frame composed of a main girder and a floor slab located on both sides of a play space at a bridge connection portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a bridge expansion / contraction connection device for absorbing and relaxing the expansion / contraction of a bridge, a steel / rubber expansion / contraction connection device made uneven in the width direction or a comb-type expansion / contraction connection device has been used.
[0003]
However, the steel bridge expansion and contraction device as described above, the pavement material near the connection device is damaged due to continuous traffic of the vehicle, the expansion and contraction device is worn, and the height of the front and rear bridge skeletons. If a step occurs in the vehicle, every time the passing vehicle passes over the device, the traveling vehicle may have an impact or generate a loud noise.
[0004]
For this reason, it is necessary to renew the telescopic connecting device having a problem each time, but it is difficult to remove the existing telescopic connecting device made of steel.
Further, the existing expansion / contraction connection device made of rubber has a drawback that rubber is apt to be worn, peeled, damaged, etc., and lacks in durability.
[0005]
In recent years, a sheet embedded type telescopic connection device has been developed in place of these conventional type telescopic connection devices, and has been adopted for viaducts. As shown in FIG. 7, the bridge expansion and contraction connection device 25 includes support metal plates 20 and 21 attached to the surfaces of the bridge frames 1 and 2 located on both sides of the play section 3 at the connection portion of the bridge. A reinforced fiber composite material having a stretchable curved portion 22 and a high-strength fiber sheet (hereinafter, referred to as a sheet 23 together) are anchored on both sides of the frame 1 and 2, and rubber asphalt, MMA resin, or the like is provided on the sheet 23. (See, for example, Patent Document 1 or 2).
[0006]
This bridge expansion / contraction connection device can reduce generated noise and impact by utilizing the excellent anti-vibration characteristics of the high-strength, high-elasticity sheet 23 that supports the elastic resin 24, and furthermore, is resistant to shocks. Excellent wear properties. It also has the feature that repair and renewal are easy.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-298908 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-152407 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional bridge expansion and contraction connection device 25 has no problem when the amount of expansion and contraction between the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 is small. However, when the amount of expansion and contraction is large, there is a problem that the road surface 28 of the bridge connecting portion is raised.
[0009]
Particularly, in the summer, when the bridge bodies 1 and 2 expand and the gap L between the bridge connecting portions is narrowed, the road surface 28 becomes prominently prominent, and an impact or noise is generated in the traveling vehicle, which hinders comfortable traveling.
[0010]
The present inventors have conducted experimental research and analysis on the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, ascertained the cause and found a solution.
[0011]
That is, the cause of the bulge is that when the bridge frames 1 and 2 expand in the summer, the gap L between the gaps is reduced, the curved portion 22 of the sheet 23 is bent and deformed, and the elastic resin 24 of the elastic connecting portion 29 is compressed. As shown in FIG. 8, the lower curved sheet 23 of the elastic resin 24 restrains the deformation by the supporting metal plates 20 and 21 attached to the arc-shaped corners 30 of the bridge skeletons 1 and 2. As a result, the compressed elastic resin 24 is deformed toward the open side (road surface side) as shown by the arrow P, and a large bump 31 is generated.
[0012]
Further, when the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 are contracted (in winter), the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 are contracted and the play portion L is widened, and the curved state of the sheet 23 is flattened. A ridge 31 is produced. However, in this case, since the elastic resin 24 is stretched in the expansion and contraction direction to cancel each other, the amount of protrusion is smaller than when the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 expand.
[0013]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a telescopic bridge connecting device capable of suppressing a road surface bulge at a bridge connecting portion even when there is a large expansion and contraction between bridges in a seat-buried telescopic connecting device.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The expansion and contraction device of the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above object. A telescopic coupling device installed in a play part of a bridge connection point, on a pair of supporting metal plates protruding toward the play part side from each bridge skeleton adjacent in the bridge axis direction via the play part, A high-strength fiber sheet having a central portion curved downward is supported, and an upper portion of the sheet is coated with an elastic resin having elasticity and durability, and ends of the sheet and the supporting metal plate are formed of a bridge frame. A thin plate is used as the support metal plate, and the bent end is supported at the notch step by an anchor material, and the bent end supports the curved base portion of the sheet in a state of being separated from the side surface of the bridge frame on the play section side. A bridge expansion / contraction device characterized in that:
[0015]
It is preferable that the supporting metal plate is formed by bending an end portion serving as an end portion on the play portion side into an arc shape.
Further, it is preferable that both ends of the elastic resin coated on the sheet in the bridge axis direction are tapered inclined surfaces (lower wide tapered shape) which are separated from each other downward, and are joined to an adjacent road surface material. Good.
[0016]
The elastic connection device has a one-layer structure in which the surface height of the elastic resin is the same as an adjacent road surface, or a sliding sheet is provided on the surface of the elastic resin, and the sliding sheet is filled and pressed thereon. Asphalt may be provided, and the height of the asphalt may be any of a two-layer structure having the same height as an adjacent road surface.
[0017]
Further, a high-strength fiber sheet having a central portion curved downward, a pair of supporting metal plates for supporting the sheet from the root to the outside of the curved portion, an elastic resin covering an upper portion of the sheet, An anchor member having an end fixed to a metal plate is integrally formed as a telescopic block manufactured in a factory, and the telescopic block is cut into both side bridge structures of the play area and fitted into a connection portion of a bridge provided with a stepped portion. The frame-side anchoring material may be combined, and a filler may be filled in the gap to form a bridge expansion and contraction connection device.
[0018]
[Action]
That is, the cause of the above-mentioned bulge was eliminated by the following means.
[0019]
In the related art, it is considered that the road surface ridge 31 of the bridge connection restricts the deformation of the curved sheet 23 in the play space L as described above. Therefore, the present invention does not restrict the deformation of the high-strength fiber sheet. In order to achieve this, a thin metal plate having a low bending rigidity is used as a supporting metal plate for supporting the base of the curved portion of the sheet so as to be easily deformed, and even if the gap is narrowed, the bent end portion has a skeleton of the gap. Was kept in a separated state so as not to come into contact with the side surface of the.
[0020]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, even if the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 expand and the width L of the play section 3 is reduced from L0 to L1, the high-strength fiber sheet 6 supported by the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 is formed. Since the deformation resistance of the curved portion 22 is low, the compressed elastic resin 7 is also freely deformed on the play portion 3 side, and the bump 31 on the road surface side can be suppressed. It is preferable that the ends of the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 on the play portion 3 side are formed in an arc shape so as not to damage the high-strength fiber sheet 6.
[0021]
Also, as shown in FIG. 6, the elastic resin 7 coated on the sheet 6 has tapered inclined surfaces (lower wide tapered shape) 19 so that both ends in the bridge axis direction of the elastic resin 7 are separated from each other downward. In addition, when the bridge bodies 1 and 2 expand and the elastic resin 7 of the elastic connecting portion 29 is compressed, a compressive force p acts on the elastic resin 7 obliquely downward, so that the bump 31 on the road surface side can be suppressed. Was. The smaller the angle θ between the tapered inclined surface 19 and the base, the more the direction of the acting force can be directed to the lower side, and the higher the effect of suppressing the protrusion.
[0022]
The expansion / contraction connection device can be applied to both a type in which the surface of an elastic resin is exposed to the road surface at the same height as an adjacent road surface and an embedding type in which asphalt is cast on an upper portion of the elastic resin.
[0023]
In addition, the expansion and contraction connection device may be installed by fitting a block-shaped expansion and contraction device manufactured at a factory into a cut step provided at a connection point of a bridge, and filling a surrounding gap with a filler such as resin mortar.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0025]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a telescopic connecting device 18 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which a telescopic connecting device is installed using a telescopic block 17 prefabricated at a factory.
[0026]
The telescopic connecting device 18 according to the present invention can assemble and install each member at the connecting portion of the bridge. However, if the telescopic block 17 manufactured in advance is used, the construction period of the on-site work can be shortened, and the quality control is also advantageous. It becomes.
[0027]
Since the telescopic block 17 is provided with a cut in the roadbed at the junction of the bridge, the telescopic block 17 has a size that can be fitted into the cut step portion 8. When the existing telescopic connecting device is cut and removed for renewal, the telescopic block 17 is divided into a plurality in the width direction of the road in order to perform the installation work while restricting the traffic on one lane as shown in FIG. And The division size is determined in consideration of truck transportation and workability.
[0028]
In the case of cutting and removing an existing telescopic device in order to provide a cut step 8 in the roadbed, the applicant of the present invention filed a Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-083, entitled "Partial Cutting Device and Partial Cutting Method for Existing Expansion Joint". , It is possible to cut and remove exactly the necessary parts in a concave shape with low noise.
[0029]
The expansion / contraction block 17 includes a high-strength fiber sheet 6 having a central portion curved downward, a pair of supporting metal plates 4 and 5 for supporting the sheet 6 from the base 13 to the outside, and an upper portion of the sheet 6. It is composed of a coated elastic resin 7 and an anchor material 16 to which the ends of the sheet 6 and the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 are fixed, and these members are integrally assembled and manufactured in a factory.
[0030]
The high-strength fiber sheet 6 is made of PBO fiber, glass fiber, organic fiber such as aramid, nylon, polyester, etc., metal fiber such as boron, titanium, steel or the like, or a hybrid type material in which plural kinds are mixed. , The central portion is curved downward.
[0031]
The curved shape of the central portion of the sheet 6 is preferably a U-shape, and the width of the base end portion (root) is set to be smaller than the width of the play portion 3 where the width W is set to the minimum width. .
[0032]
A pair of supporting metal plates 4 and 5 for supporting the outside of the sheet 6 from the base 13 of the curved portion have a low bending rigidity so as to be easily deformed, and are formed smoothly so that the front end 11 does not damage the sheet 6. There is a need to. In addition, a material having anticorrosion properties against water entering from the road surface is used.
[0033]
In order to satisfy these conditions, in this embodiment, as the supporting metal plates 4 and 5, a thin stainless steel plate having a plate thickness of about 1 mm whose end is bent into an arc shape having a radius of about 10 to 20 mm is used.
[0034]
In addition, the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 do not contact the side surfaces 12 of the frames 1 and 2 even if the width of the gap L is reduced to the minimum width even if the gap 3 is narrowed. To maintain the separated state. By the way, in the case of a bridge with a span length of 20m, the designed expansion and contraction amount when the expansion and contraction device is compressed is 15mm, so in normal times (spring / autumn) and in summer (when shrinking to the minimum width of the play area), the interval is longer than this. To be.
[0035]
The elastic resin 7 filled and coated on the sheet 6 is made of a resin having elasticity and durability such as urethane resin, rubber asphalt, MMA resin, etc., and the height after completion is the same as that of the adjacent road surface. A predetermined thickness is formed. In addition, the elastic resin 7 has a tapered (lower wide tapered) inclined surface 19 that is inclined so that both ends in the bridge axis direction are separated from each other downward so that the compressive force is obliquely downward when contracted. It is joined to the same concrete or mortar material as the adjacent roadbed. As for the angle θ of each of the inclined surfaces (lower wide tapered surface) 19, when the elevation angle is made as small as possible, the compressive force at the time of contraction can be made more downward, and the effect of suppressing the elevation to the upper surface can be increased. Since the upper part of the tapered portion 19 becomes thin, it is practically desirable to set the angle to about 45 to 60 degrees.
[0036]
Note that a mesh sheet made of PBO fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, or the like may be embedded in the elastic resin 7 to prevent cracks.
[0037]
L-shaped anchor members 16 for fixing to the bridge skeleton in the play area are provided at the ends of the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 of the expansion block 17 and the high-strength fiber sheet 6. The anchor member 16 is fixed by welding to the exposed reinforcing bars of the frames 1 and 2. Means for anchoring the expansion / contraction device 18 to the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 is not only to fix the anchor material 16 to the reinforcing bar 33 exposed from the skeletons 1 and 2 but also to use a hole-in anchor in a bolt hole formed in the skeleton. Alternatively, the high-strength fiber sheet 6 and the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 can be fixed with bolts. When the bolt is fixed by using the telescopic block 17, the anchor portion is removed from the box and attached.
[0038]
The protruding piece 34 and the bolt 35 fixed to the end of the telescopic block 17 are an adjusting jig 36 for adjusting the height when the telescopic block 17 is installed on the roadbed provided with the cut step portion 8.
[0039]
As described above, the telescopic block 17 described above is fitted into the notch step portion 8 provided in the skeletons 1 and 2 of the bridge connection portion, and the anchor material 16 is welded and fixed to the reinforcing bars and the like exposed from the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 to fill the gap. A filler 32 such as a resin mortar is filled to complete the expansion and contraction device 18.
[0040]
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an adhesive material or a rubber sheet slides on the elastic resin 7 of an expansion connection device 18 installed using an expansion block 17 similar to that of the first embodiment. An embedding-type expansion / contraction device 18 in which a sheet 37 is placed, and asphalt 38 is filled and rolled on the sheet 37 so as to be continuous with an adjacent road surface at the same height.
[0041]
The sliding sheet 37 plays a role of a slip layer for releasing a shearing force generated when the expansion and contraction connection device 18 expands and contracts, and for releasing a thermal strain generated due to a difference in thermal expansion characteristics between the surface asphalt 38 and the elastic resin 7. In addition, since the sliding member 37 has a water blocking property, it prevents rainwater from entering, thereby improving the durability of the telescopic connecting device 18.
[0042]
Since the surface asphalt 38 is inferior in deformation performance to the elastic resin 7 of the expansion and contraction connection device 18, it is not shown in the figure, but if the asphalt surface 38 is provided with a plurality of slits having a width of about 3 mm, the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction device It becomes easier to follow the deformation.
[0043]
In the second embodiment, the upward restraining force of the upper surface asphalt 38 can further suppress the bulging during expansion and contraction.
[0044]
[Experimental example]
In order to confirm the effect of the bridge expansion and contraction connection device of the present invention, a test sample of the prior art was manufactured for comparison with a test sample according to the present invention, and a confirmation test was performed.
[0045]
<Specimen>
As shown in FIG. 4, the test piece according to the present invention has a width of a gap of 130 mm, a thick steel plate 39 corresponding to the bridge skeletons 1 and 2 arranged on both sides, and a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm on the upper surface of the thick steel plate 39. The used supporting metal plates 4 and 5 and a high-strength fiber sheet (PBO fiber) 6 curved in a U-shape were fixed at an anchor interval of 250 mm. The elastic resin 7 coated on the sheet 6 is made of MMA resin having a thickness of 50 mm, and has a tapered shape that expands downward at a cross section in which the elevation angle θ of the inclined surfaces 19 at both ends in the bridge axis direction of the elastic resin 7 is 60 degrees. The mortar 40 was cast outside the tapered inclined surface 19.
[0046]
The base width of the central curved portion of the sheet 6 was 65 mm, the tips of the supporting metal plates 4 and 5 were formed in an arc shape with a radius of 14 mm, and were separated from the end of the thick steel plate 39 by 20 mm.
[0047]
One of the mortar portions 40 on both sides of the test piece is fixed by a bolt 42 fixed to a reaction body 41 and the other is connected to an axial load testing machine 43 by a bolt 42 so that a compressive force can be applied to the test piece. .
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 5, the test piece according to the prior art has the same configuration as the present invention except that the support metal plates 20 and 21 having a thickness of 6 mm are used, and both ends of the elastic resin 7 in the bridge axis direction are vertical. did.
[0049]
<Test results>
A compressive force is applied to each of the test specimens so as to generate a free space contraction amount of Δ = 15 mm corresponding to a designed expansion / contraction amount when the expansion / contraction device for a bridge having a span length of 20 m is compressed. Was measured.
[0050]
As a result, the protruding amount was 3 mm in the test specimen of the present invention, but it was raised about 12 mm, which is four times that of the present invention, in the conventional test specimen. In addition, as a result of the application of the tensile force, a protuberance as low as about 2 mm was recognized in both cases.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
The bridge expansion and contraction device of the present invention reduces noise and impact generated by vehicles traveling on the bridge expansion and contraction portion by utilizing the excellent vibration damping characteristics of the elastic resin and the high-strength fiber sheet supporting the elastic resin. And has excellent wear resistance.
[0052]
Also, a telescopic connecting device installed in a play part of a connection part of a bridge, wherein a central part is bent downward on a pair of supporting metal plates projecting from both sides of a connection part skeleton toward the play part side. A high-strength fiber sheet is supported, and the upper part of the sheet is covered with an elastic resin having elasticity and durability, and the ends of the sheet and the supporting metal plate are anchored to the notch steps of the bridge frame. When the gap is shrunk by being fixed and using a thin plate as the supporting metal plate, and by bending the tip end to support the base of the curved portion of the sheet in a state of being separated from the side surface of the gap frame, Since the compressed elastic resin is deformed to the play section side, the bump on the road surface can be suppressed, and noise and impact generated from the vehicle traveling on the bridge expandable connection section can be reduced, so that comfortable traveling can be performed.
[0053]
If both ends of the elastic resin in the bridge axis direction are tapered inclined surfaces (lower wide taper shape) inclined so as to be separated from each other downward, the compression generated in the elastic resin when the play portion contracts. Since the force is directed downward, the bump on the road surface can be further suppressed.
[0054]
Also, a high-strength fiber sheet having a central portion curved downward, a pair of supporting metal plates for supporting the sheet from the root to the outside of the curved portion, an elastic resin covering the upper portion of the sheet, Using a telescopic block manufactured integrally with an anchor material to which the end of the metal plate is fixed, the telescopic block is cut into both side bridge frames of the play area and fitted to the connection point of a bridge provided with a step portion, and the anchor material and If the bridge frame side anchor material is connected and the gap is filled with filler to join, the on-site work can be shortened, so that the period of traffic regulation can be shortened when updating the telescopic connecting device on the existing road. In addition, since the telescopic block is manufactured in a factory, quality control becomes easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of a telescopic connecting device for a bridge of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the telescopic connection device according to the present invention, in which the telescopic connection device is divided and arranged.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of the telescopic connecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a test body and a test device for explaining the effect of the telescopic connection device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a test piece of a conventional telescopic connection device.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a bulge suppressing action of the telescopic connection device of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional bridge expansion / contraction device.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the occurrence of a bulge in a conventional telescopic coupling device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bridge skeleton 2 Bridge skeleton 3 Playing part 4 Support metal plate 5 Support metal plate 6 High-strength fiber sheet 7 Elastic resin 8 Notch step part 11 Tip part 12 Side surface 13 Curved part base 16 Anchor material 17 Telescopic block 18 Telescopic coupling device 19 Inclined surface 20 Support metal plate 21 Support metal plate 22 Curved portion 23 Sheet 24 Elastic resin 25 Bridge expansion / contraction connection device 28 Road surface 29 Expansion / contraction connection portion 30 Corner portion 31 Ridge 32 Filler 33 Reinforcing bar 34 Projection piece 35 Bolt 36 Adjusting jig 37 Sliding sheet (Sliding material)
38 Asphalt 39 Thick steel plate 40 Mortar 41 Reaction body 42 Bolt 43 Axial loading tester
