JP2004313900A - Cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning apparatus constituted so as to certainly remove a sand component with a predetermined particle size or above, to achieve a decrease in cost by reducing the replacing frequency of a filter membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane or the like and suppressing the power consumption of a raw water pump and to hold a high raw water treatment capacity to perform an efficient operation. <P>SOLUTION: In the cleaning apparatus constituted so as to supply raw water 2 to a membrane filter module 6 to remove bacteria or protozoans in the raw water 2, a cyclone 5 for removing the solid components in the raw water 2 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction of the raw water 2 of the membrane filter module 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a purification device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the field of food processing and fishery processing, purification devices have been conventionally used to remove bacteria and protozoa such as general bacteria and Escherichia coli from raw water such as well water, industrial water and seawater to obtain sterilized water. . However, the well water sometimes has an abnormal increase in sand content, and the seawater often takes water from the coast, and the sand content may increase abnormally depending on the weather. Therefore, when sterilizing raw water such as well water, industrial water, and seawater, it is necessary to remove solids such as sand from the raw water in advance.
[0003]
Thus, in the conventional purification device, raw water such as well water, industrial water, and seawater is fed to a strainer having a mesh and slits of about φ1 mm to remove solids such as wood chips and seaweed in the raw water. Thereafter, it is fed to the membrane filtration module. In the membrane filtration module, raw water flows into the hollow holes of the hollow fiber membranes from the outer peripheral sides of the many hollow fiber membranes, and is fed from the hollow holes to the post-process side. When raw water passes through the hollow fiber membrane, general bacteria, bacteria such as Escherichia coli, and protozoa in the raw water are filtered and sterilized, and the sterilized water (sterilized water) flows out of the membrane filtration module. It is stored in a disinfecting water tank and used for food processing and fishery processing.
[0004]
Prior art literature information directly related to the invention of this application is not found in the range searched, but as an apparatus for sterilizing water, water is treated with a reverse osmosis membrane to separate it into fresh water and concentrated water. At the same time, there is one in which at least a part of the concentrated water is subjected to sterilization treatment by an ultrafiltration membrane and added to fresh water (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-024939
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional purification device, if the sand content in the solid content can be removed by a strainer, the solid content can be prevented from being introduced into the membrane filtration module, the surface of the hollow fiber membrane can be prevented from being worn, and the processing capacity of the raw water can be reduced. There is no inconvenience.
[0007]
However, in the conventional purification device, wood chips and seaweed can be removed by the conventional strainer, but in the case of sand, even if the sand has a particle size of 0.2 mm or more, the conventional strainer has a large opening. Adverse effects such as clogging or clogging occur and cannot be removed.
[0008]
Therefore, the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is worn by sand, and the worn hollow fiber membrane needs to be replaced, which leads to an increase in cost and cannot maintain a high raw water treatment capacity. When the operation is performed with the sand accumulated in the strainer, the pressure loss of the strainer increases, which increases the power consumption of the raw water supply pump, which leads to an increase in cost. The equipment must be shut down, and in this regard, high raw water treatment capacity cannot be maintained.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been made to reliably remove sand having a predetermined particle size or more, to reduce the frequency of replacing a filtration membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane and a flat membrane, and to reduce the power consumption of a raw water supply pump. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a purifying apparatus which can reduce costs and maintain a high raw water treatment capacity and can operate efficiently.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the raw water is supplied to a filtering means to filter an object to be filtered in the raw water to obtain purified water, and the raw water flows upstream of the filtering means in the raw water flow direction. On the side, a cyclone for removing solids in raw water before being introduced into the filtration means is provided.
[0011]
In the purifying apparatus according to claim 2, the filtration means includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and the material to be filtered in the raw water is such that the raw water flows from the outer peripheral side or the hollow hole side of the hollow fiber membrane to the hollow hole side of the hollow fiber membrane. Is configured to be filtered by the hollow fiber membrane by passing to the outer peripheral side. In the purifying apparatus according to claim 3, the filtering means is provided with a flat membrane, and the material to be filtered in the raw water is flat in the raw water. The filter is configured to be filtered by the flat membrane by passing from one side of the surface membrane to the other side.
[0012]
In the purifying apparatus of claim 4, the raw water is well water or industrial water, in the purifying apparatus of claim 5, the raw water is seawater, and in the purifying apparatus of claim 6, the solid content has a particle size of about 0. In the purifying apparatus according to claim 7, the material to be filtered is bacteria and / or protozoa.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the purification apparatus of the present invention, which is an example of a purification apparatus for food processing, and raw water is well water or industrial water. In the figure, 1 is a raw water storage tank for storing the raw water 2 withdrawn, 3 is a raw water supply pump for feeding the raw water 2 of the raw water storage tank 1 through the pipe 4, and 5 is sand from the raw water 2 from the raw water supply pump 3. A cyclone 6 for removing solids such as sand, etc., from a raw water 2 fed through a pipe 7 to remove bacteria and protozoa such as general bacteria and Escherichia coli; Reference numeral 8 denotes a sterilization water tank for storing the sterilization water 10 sent from the membrane filtration module 6 via the pipe 9.
[0014]
A blower 11 is connected to the pipe 7 through a pipe 12 so that air 13 can be supplied to the pipe 7. A blower 14 is connected to an upper end side of the casing 15 of the membrane filtration module 6 and is connected to the membrane filtration module 6. 6, a backwash drainage pipe for draining backwash drainage 16 which has washed the later-described hollow fiber membrane 30, and 18 is connected to the lower end of the cyclone 5 to reverse solids 19 such as sand separated by the cyclone 5. A pipe 20 for discharging to the washing drain pipe 14 is provided in a pipe 21 connecting the sterilizing water tank 8 and the pipe 9, and a backwash water pump 23 for feeding backwash water 22; , 25, 26 and 27 are open / close valves, 31 is a check valve, and 37 is a strainer.
[0015]
The details of the membrane filtration module 6 are shown in FIG. 2, and tube sheets 28 and 29 having a large number of vertically extending through holes are accommodated in upper and lower portions in a hollow cylindrical casing 15 arranged vertically. A large number of hollow fiber membranes 30 having hollow holes are accommodated between the upper and lower tube sheets 28, 29. Thus, the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 30 is fixed on the upper surface of the tube sheet 29 so as to avoid the through hole, and the upper end of the hollow fiber membrane 30 is fixedly fitted in the through hole of the tube sheet 28. The hollow fiber membrane 30 is a hollow fiber microfiltration membrane made of, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride and having a pore size of about 0.1 μm.
[0016]
The pipe 7 is connected to the lower end of the hollow cylindrical casing 15 arranged vertically, the pipe 9 is connected to the upper end of the casing 15, and the top end of the casing 15 is provided with a tube plate 28 at the upper end side. A backwash drainage pipe 14 is connected below the lower surface.
[0017]
Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.
When sterilizing the raw water 2 to produce the sterilized water 10, the open / close valves 23 and 24 are opened, the open / close valves 25 and 26 are closed, the raw water supply pump 3 is driven, and the backwash water pump 20. The blower 11 is stopped. The on-off valve 27 is opened when solids such as sand accumulate in the cyclone 5 to some extent, as described later.
[0018]
The raw water 2 stored in the raw water storage tank 1 is fed through a pipeline 4 by a raw water supply pump 3 and introduced into a cyclone 5 from a casing tangential direction. For this reason, the raw water 2 becomes a vortex in the cyclone 5, and solids such as sand contained in the raw water 2 are removed by centrifugal force and settle downward. The on-off valve 27 is opened, for example, by a signal from a level detector (not shown) when a certain amount of solids such as sand removed from the raw water 2 in the cyclone 5 accumulates in the cyclone 5. Solid matter 19 such as sand content from the inside is discharged from the pipes 18 and 14 together with a part of the water to an apparatus in a subsequent process.
[0019]
The raw water 2 from which the solids 19 have been removed is led out of the cyclone 5 to the pipeline 7, introduced into the membrane filtration module 6 from the lower end via the pipeline 7, and the introduced raw water 2 passes through the through hole of the tube sheet 29. Then, it flows into the space outside the hollow fiber membrane 30 disposed between the tube sheets 29 and 28, and passes through the hollow fiber membrane 30 into the hollow hole. At this time, general bacteria, bacteria such as Escherichia coli, and protozoa in the raw water 2 are filtered by the hollow fiber membrane 30 and adhere to the outer periphery thereof, so that the raw water 2 is disinfected and the disinfected water 10 is generated.
[0020]
The generated sterilizing water 10 flows out of the hollow hole of the hollow fiber membrane 30 and is sent from the pipe 9 to the sterilizing water tank 8. Thus, the sterilized water 10 in the sterilized water tank 8 is appropriately used for food processing.
[0021]
Since bacteria and protozoa that are filtered adhere to the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 30 of the membrane filtration module 6 due to the sterilization of the raw water 2, the hollow fiber membrane 30 needs to be appropriately washed. In this case, the on-off valves 25 and 26 are opened, the on-off valves 23 and 24 are closed, the raw water supply pump 3 is stopped, and the backwash water pump 20 and the blower 11 are driven.
[0022]
For this reason, the sterilized water 10 in the sterilized water tank 8 is supplied to the casing 15 of the membrane filtration module 6 through the pipes 21 and 9 as backwash water 22 by the backwash water pump 20, From the hollow fiber into the hollow hole of the hollow fiber membrane 30, and flows out of the hollow hole through the hollow fiber membrane 30 to the outer peripheral side thereof.
[0023]
On the other hand, at the time of back washing, the air 13 from the blower 11 is introduced into the lower part of the casing 15 of the membrane filtration module 6 via the pipe 7 and is disposed between the pipe sheets 29 and 28 through the through hole of the pipe sheet 29. Backwash water 22 flowing into the space outside the hollow fiber membrane 30, flowing in the space on the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane 30, stirring the water in the space, and flowing out of the hollow hole of the hollow fiber membrane 30. The bacteria, protozoa, etc. attached to the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 30 are washed in cooperation.
[0024]
Therefore, bacteria and protozoa adhering to the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 30 are separated and removed by the backwash water 22 and the air 13, and the mixed fluid of water and air accompanied by the bacteria and the protozoa is removed by the backwash drain pipe 14. And is sent to the subsequent process through the backwash drain pipe 14.
[0025]
According to the illustrated example, during the production of the sterilized water, solids such as sand mixed in the raw water 2 are removed by the cyclone 5 before the raw water 2 is introduced into the membrane filtration module 6.
[0026]
Accordingly, since sand having a particle size of about 0.2 mm or more does not enter the membrane filtration module 6, wear of the hollow fiber membrane 30 due to sand is reduced, and the life of the hollow fiber membrane 30 is prolonged. . Further, since the solid content such as sand does not stay in the cyclone 5 and the pressure loss in the cyclone 5 can be suppressed low, the power consumption of the raw water supply pump 3 can be suppressed. As a result, efficient operation can be performed while maintaining high raw water treatment capacity.
[0027]
Furthermore, the cost can be reduced by prolonging the life of the hollow fiber membrane 30 and suppressing the power consumption of the raw water supply pump 3.
[0028]
FIG. 3 shows another example of the embodiment of the purifying apparatus of the present invention, which is an example of a purifying apparatus for fishery processing. Raw water 2 is seawater, and sterilized water 10 is sterilized seawater. In the illustrated example, a compressor 32 is provided in place of the blower 11 of FIG. The compressor 32 is connected to a pipe 34 via a pipe 33, and one end of the pipe 34 is connected to the pipe 7 and the other end is connected to the pipe 9. In the figure, reference numerals 35 and 36 denote check valves, and the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0029]
In the illustrated example, when producing the sterilized water 10, the on-off valves 23 and 24 are opened, the on-off valve 26 is closed, the raw water supply pump 3 is driven, and the compressor 32 is stopped to operate. For this reason, in the illustrated example, the same operation and effect as in the case of FIG. 1 can be obtained. In the illustrated example, the on-off valve 27 is opened by a signal from, for example, a level detector when a certain amount of solids such as sand is accumulated in the cyclone 5.
[0030]
When performing back washing of the hollow fiber membrane 30 (see FIG. 2) in the membrane filtration module 6, the on / off valves 23 and 24 are closed, the on / off valve 26 is opened, the raw water supply pump 3 is stopped, and the compressor 32 is driven. .
[0031]
Part of the air from the compressor 32 is introduced into the pipe 9 from the pipe 34, and applies pressure to the water retained in the pipe 9 and the hollow hole of the hollow fiber membrane 30 in the membrane filtration module 6 to remove the water. It functions as a pump that flows out to the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane 30 as backwash water. The remainder of the air from the compressor 32 is supplied from the pipe 7 to the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane 30 in the membrane filtration module 6. For this reason, the bacteria and protozoa that have adhered to the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 30 are washed by the backwash water flowing out to the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane 30 and the stirring caused by the air flowing around the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 30, Removed.
[0032]
FIG. 4 shows another example of the membrane filtration module 6 used in the purification device. In the figure, reference numeral 30a denotes a flat membrane housed in the casing 15a. The flat membrane 30a is a flat microfiltration membrane made of a resin such as polysulfone and having a pore diameter of about 0.1 μm.
[0033]
In the illustrated example, the raw water 2 from which solids such as sand are removed by the cyclone 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is introduced into the casing 15a, and the flat film 30a is changed from one surface to the other surface. At this time, general bacteria, bacteria such as Escherichia coli, and protozoa in the raw water 2 are filtered by the flat membrane 30a and adhere to the one surface.
[0034]
For this reason, the raw water 2 is sterilized to produce sterilized water 10, and the generated sterilized water 10 is supplied to the sterilized water tank 8 shown in FIGS. When performing the backwashing of the flat membrane 30a, the washing water is supplied to the casing 15a of the membrane filtration module 6 from the outflow side of the sterilizing water 10.
[0035]
In the purification apparatus of the present invention, a case has been described in which the apparatus of FIG. 1 is applied to sterilize well water and industrial water, and the apparatus of FIG. 3 is applied to sterilization of seawater. 3. The sterilization can be performed by using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 to remove well water or industrial water, and using the sterilized water directly for food processing and marine processing without providing a sterilization water tank. In the case where a hollow fiber membrane is used for the membrane filtration module, the case where raw water flows into the hollow hole from the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane to filter bacteria and protozoa in the raw water has been described. It is possible to filter bacteria and protozoa in the raw water by flowing out from the hollow hole side to the outer peripheral side. It is.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the purifying device of claims 1 to 7 of the present invention, various excellent effects as described below can be obtained.
I) Since solids such as sand mixed in the raw water are removed by the cyclone before the raw water is introduced into the disinfecting device, sand with a predetermined particle size or more may not enter the disinfecting device. In addition, the wear of the hollow fiber membrane and the flat membrane is reduced, and the life of these filtration membranes is prolonged.
II) Since the solid content such as sand does not stay in the cyclone and the pressure loss in the cyclone can be suppressed low, the power consumption of the raw water supply pump can be suppressed.
III) As a result, efficient operation can be performed while maintaining high raw water treatment capacity, and cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an example of an embodiment of a purification device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of a membrane filtration module used in the purification device of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another example of the embodiment of the purification device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another example of the membrane filtration module used in the purification device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Raw water 5 Cyclone 6 Membrane filtration module (filtration means)
10 sanitized water (purified water)
30 hollow fiber membrane 30a flat membrane

Claims (7)

A purifying apparatus for feeding raw water to a filtration unit to filter an object to be filtered in the raw water to obtain purified water, wherein the upstream side of the filtration unit in a raw water flow direction is introduced into the filtration unit. A purification device comprising a cyclone for removing a solid content in raw water before the wastewater is removed. The filtration means is provided with a number of hollow fiber membranes, and the material to be filtered in the raw water is hollow when the raw water passes from the outer peripheral side or the hollow side of the hollow fiber membrane to the hollow side or the outer peripheral side of the hollow fiber membrane. The purification device according to claim 1, wherein the purification device is configured to be filtered by a yarn membrane. 2. The purification device according to claim 1, wherein the filtering means includes a flat membrane, and the filtration target in the raw water is filtered by the flat membrane when the raw water passes from one surface of the flat membrane to the other surface. The purification device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the raw water is well water or industrial water. 4. The purification device according to claim 1, wherein the raw water is seawater. 6. The purification device according to claim 1, wherein the solid content is sand having a particle size of about 0.2 mm or more. The purifying apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the material to be filtered is a bacterium and / or a protozoan.

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