JP2004306083A - Butt-welded metal plate - Google Patents

Butt-welded metal plate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004306083A
JP2004306083A JP2003102965A JP2003102965A JP2004306083A JP 2004306083 A JP2004306083 A JP 2004306083A JP 2003102965 A JP2003102965 A JP 2003102965A JP 2003102965 A JP2003102965 A JP 2003102965A JP 2004306083 A JP2004306083 A JP 2004306083A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
butt
metal plate
welded
thickness
welding
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JP2003102965A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroo Ishibashi
博雄 石橋
Ryuichi Muramoto
隆一 村元
Motoki Ikeda
元樹 池田
Takashi Hirata
崇 平田
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a butt-welded metal plate which does not include a welding failure, is welded by a high speed welding at a low cost and has a superior formability. <P>SOLUTION: A laser butt-welded metal plate is a metal plate butt-welded by laser beam, while the plate thickness in one or both of edge portions to be butt-welded is reduced prior to welding by rolling or pressing or machining. Also the laser butt-welded metal plate is a metal plate composed of base metals with different tensile strength and butt-welded by the laser beam, while the thickness of the metal plate made of the base metal with higher tensile strength is reduced by rolling or pressing or machining in the edge portion to be butt-welded prior to welding. Furthermore, the laser butt-welded metal plate is a metal plate composed of base metals with different tensile strength and butt-welded by the laser beam, while the thickness in both edge portions to be butt-welded is reduced prior to welding, and the breadth of reduced thickness portion crosswise to a welding direction in the edge portion to be butt-welded of the metal plate made of base metal with lower tensile strength is equal to or less than the breadth of the welding bead. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、突合せ溶接された金属板に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、レーザー光線により複数の金属板を接合して製造される金属板のうち、プレス等の塑性加工に供されるためのものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、レーザー光線により複数の金属板を事前に突合せ接合し、その金属板をプレス成型等の塑性加工にて所望の形状に成型する技術の適用が、自動車向けとして一般化しつつある。異種または異厚の金属板をプレス成型以前に接合し、一枚の金属板としてプレスを行えば、製品の部分的な補強や軽量化を促す効果がある。この突合せ金属板の製造において、生産性を向上させるためには、溶接速度を上げることが求められる。溶接速度を向上するための手段としては、従来高出力のレーザーを適用することで対応してきたが、一方レーザーの発振機は高価であり、且つ消費電力量も膨大であるため、コストが嵩むという問題があった。
【0003】
溶接速度向上のため、プラズマやアークなど他の熱源とレーザーとを組み合わせるレーザー溶接技術がある。例えば、突合せ線に沿って移動するプラズマトーチとレーザ加工ノズルとから、プラズマガス流とレーザービームとを同時に照射して突合せ溶接を行うレーザ溶接において、プラズマガス流の照射領域内で、かつ照射領域の移動方向に対する中心よりも後方に偏った位置に、レーザービームを照射するようにしたレーザー溶接方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)や、レーザービームを被加工材に照射する位置を基準とした場合、レーザービーム照射位置に対して溶接加工進行方向前方と後方にアーク溶接の電極を配置したレーザー・アーク複合溶接方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)や、レーザービームで表側を深溶込み溶接を行い、その後裏側をMIG溶接することにより、厚板材を安価な中出力レーザーで高速溶接する溶接方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)が存在するが、これらの場合もアークなど他の熱源を供給するための装置が必要で、コストが嵩むという問題があった。
【0004】
また、レーザーによって薄板を突合せ溶接する際に、溶接ゾーンの手前で、又は溶接ゾーン内で少なくとも一方の薄板を塑性変形させて、薄板間のギャップ幅を減少させ、突合せ部の正確な位置決めを不要とする技術があるが(例えば、特許文献4参照)、この技術も溶接速度を向上させるものではなく、成型性の良い突合せ金属板を提供するものでもない。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平7−246484号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2001−246485号公報
【特許文献3】
特開昭63−30193号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平6−15469号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はかかる従来技術の問題点を解消し、低コストの高速溶接で製造でき、なおかつ成型性の良い突合せレーザー溶接金属板を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、溶接不良が発生することなしに、低コストで高速溶接可能で、且つ成型性の良い突合せ溶接金属板を得ることができるレーザー溶接について鋭意研究した。その結果、予め突合せ溶接部エッジの板厚を減少させておけば、レーザーの溶融すべき金属量を減らすことができ、レーザー溶接において、プラズマやアークなどのほかの熱源を併用しなくても高速溶接が可能となり、かつ成型性の良い溶接金属板が得られることを見出して本発明を完成した。
【0008】
本発明の要旨は以下のとおりである。
【0009】
(1) レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された金属板で、溶接前に突合せエッジ部分の一方または双方の板厚をローリングまたはプレスまたは機械加工にて減じてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。
【0010】
(2) レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板で、溶接前に、母材引張り強度の高い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の肉厚をローリングまたはプレスまたは機械加工にて減じてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。
【0011】
(3) レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板で、溶接前に双方の突合せエッジの肉厚を減じ、母材引張り強度が低い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の溶接方向と直角方向の減肉幅を、溶接ビードの幅以内としてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。
【0012】
(4) 減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚が、元の母材の70%以上95%以下であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)の内のいずれかに記載の突合せ溶接金属板。
【0013】
(5) 引張り強度の高い方の金属板の減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚とその引張り強度を掛けた値が、引張り強度の低いほうの金属板の元の板厚とその引張り強度をかけた値より大きいことを特徴とする上記(2)または(3)に記載の突合せレーザー溶接金属板。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施形態を図を参酌して説明する。
【0015】
図1は金属板のレーザー接合プロセスの模式鳥瞰図であり、図2はその溶接部近傍を拡大した図である。図1に示すように、金属板1及び2をレーザーにより突合せ接合するには、金属板1及び2の接合線をつき合わせて同一平面上に並べた後、レーザーヘッド3をその接合線に沿って、金属板1及び2と相対的に矢印方向に移動させつつレーザービーム6を突き合わせ部に照射し、溶接部7で溶接を行うことにより溶接ビード部4を形成する。このとき図2に示す如く、予め溶接部エッジの板厚を減少させて板厚減肉部5を形成してある。このことにより、レーザーの溶融すべき金属の量を減らすことができるため、同じレーザーにおいても溶接速度を上げることができる。
【0016】
例えば、加工点出力8kWの炭酸ガスレーザーを用い、板厚1mmの厚みの同じ炭素鋼板同士を接合した場合、溶接速度は毎分9mであったが、エッジ近傍の板厚を0.8mmにまで減ずれば、溶接速度を毎分10mにまで向上させることが可能であった。
【0017】
そして、板厚減肉部5は、金属板の突合せエッジ部分をローリング、プレスまたは機械加工によって板厚を減じることで形成することができる。
【0018】
また、レーザー溶接において溶接ビード部4は、溶融された金属が急速に冷えて固まるために焼入れされ、溶接前の母材部分に比べて硬度が高くなってしまう。このためプレス成型などの塑性加工時には、この溶接ビードの周りの母材の変形を拘束するため、成型性が悪くなるなどの問題があるが、本発明によれば、突合せエッジ部分の板厚を減肉してあるので、溶接ビード部4の肉厚も減少する為、同じ力を加えたときにも溶接ビード4が比較的変形しやすくなるため、塑性加工時に周辺の母材が変形するのを拘束する効果が小さくてすみ、成型性を向上させることが可能である。
【0019】
なお、このとき減肉後の板厚が元の母材の95%を超える場合、減肉による効果が得られず溶接速度向上の効果は殆ど見られない。また70%未満に減肉させると、減肉部で応力集中が発生し疲労強度が低下する。したがって、減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚が、元の母材の70%以上95%以下(減肉量5〜30%)とする必要があるが、好ましくは80%以上95%以下である。
【0020】
引張り強度がほぼ同じ二枚の金属板同士を突合せレーザー溶接する場合には、図2に示すように、溶接前に予め溶接部エッジの双方の板厚を減少させて双方の金属板に同様の板厚減肉部5を形成してレーザー溶接を行うことで、溶接速度を向上させると共に成型性を向上させることができる。
【0021】
ところが、引張り強度が異なる異種金属板同士を突合せレーザー溶接する場合に、双方の金属板に同じ形状の板厚減肉部を形成して突合せレーザー溶接すると、溶接速度は向上できるが成型性を向上させることはできない。
【0022】
図3は、母材の引張り強度の高い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の肉厚を減肉させたレーザー溶接金属板の接合点近傍を拡大して示す図である。図3に示す例は、同じレーザー出力でより高い溶接速度を得るための手段であるが、特に金属板1及び2の引張り強度が異なる場合においては、プレス等の塑性加工時に溶接ビードに垂直方向の歪を付与した場合に、強度の低い金属板で破断することを防止するための手段である。
【0023】
一般的に強度(板厚×引張り強度)の異なる材料からなる、突合せ溶接金属板にプレス等の塑性加工時に溶接ビード4に垂直方向の歪を付与した場合には、強度の低い方の金属板の母材部分で破断する。これは、強度の低い方の金属板の母材部分、強度の高い方の金属の母材部分、溶接ビード4の強度を比較した場合、溶接ビード4は前記したとおり、溶接プロセスにおいて焼入れされるため強度は最も高く、最も弱いのが強度の低い金属板の母材部分であり、ここが優先的に破断するため、ここの部分の強度がネックとなりプレス成型性等塑性加工の加工限界となってしまう。したがって、溶接しようとする金属材料同士の強度が異なる場合、強度の低い方の金属板の板厚を減じてしまうと、ここが成型性を支配するため、成型性を損なってしまう恐れがある。これを防止するため、強度の高い方の金属板1の突合せエッジ部のみの板厚を減じた板厚減肉部5を形成するのである。したがって、強度の高い金属板の突合せエッジ部のみの板厚を減肉して、突合せレーザー溶接した金属板は、塑性加工時に強度の低い金属板で破断することがない。
【0024】
特に自動車パネル用のレーザー溶接金属板としては、たとえば衝突安全性の向上と軽量化のためには、パネル製品の部分的な強度を向上させることが、求められるが。そのため従来は補強したい部分の強度を高くするために、その部分の板厚を厚くすることで補強が行われてきた。この場合、補強のために、板厚を増やす代わりに、その部分に引っ張り強度の高い鋼板を用いれば、パネルの余分な増肉を回避でき、軽量化に貢献することができる。例えば金属板の強度が異なるが、粗同厚(例えば板厚差が0.2mm以下)の材料を溶接する場合は、引っ張り強度の高い方の材料のエッジ部分の肉厚を減ずれば良く、また引っ張り強度の低いほうの材料の引っ張り強度が、高いほうの80%の場合、引っ張り強度の高いほうの材料のエッジ部分の肉厚を80%まで減肉することが可能である。
【0025】
図4は、母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板の突合せエッジ部の双方の肉厚を減じ、引張り強度が低い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部の減肉幅を溶接ビード幅以内としたレーザー溶接金属板の接合点近傍を拡大して示す図である。図4に示す例は、同じレーザー出力でより高い溶接速度を得るための手段であるが、特に金属板1及び2の引張り強度が異なる場合においては、プレス等の塑性加工時に溶接ビードに垂直方向の歪を付与した場合に、引張り強度の低い材料で破断することを防止するための手段である。
【0026】
前記したように、一般的に強度(板厚×引張り強度)の異なる材料からなる、突合せ溶接金属板にプレス等の塑性加工時に溶接ビードに垂直方向の歪を付与した場合には、強度の低い方の金属板の母材で破断する。即ち、溶接ビード4は溶接プロセスにおいて焼入れされるため強度は最も高く、最も弱いのが強度が低い金属板の母材部分であり、ここが優先的に破断するため、ここの部分の強度がネックとなりプレス成型等の塑性加工の加工限界となってしまう。したがって、溶接しようとする金属材料同士の強度が異なる場合、強度の低い方の金属板の母材の板厚を減じてしまうと、ここが成型性を支配するため、成型性を損なってしまう恐れがある。これを防止するため、強度の高い方の金属板1の突き合わせエッジ部の板厚を減じて板厚減肉部5を形成し、なおかつ強度の低い方の金属板2の板厚も溶接ビードの幅以内の範囲で減じた板厚減肉部5’を形成するものである。溶接ビード部分は硬度が十分高くなっているので、この部分がネックで破断することはないため、溶接ビード幅の範囲内では強度の低い方の金属板2の肉厚を減じても、成型性に及ぼす影響はない。したがって、強度の低い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の溶接方向と直角方向の減肉幅を溶接ビードの幅以内とした。
【0027】
また、このとき、強度の高い方の金属板1の減肉部の強度(減肉後の肉厚×引張り強度)が強度の低い方の金属板2の強度(板厚×引張り強度)を下回るように板厚を減ずれば、最早元々高強度側であった材料の方の強度がネックとなり、成型性を損なう恐れがある。
【0028】
したがって、引張り強度の異なる金属板の突合せレーザー溶接金属板の場合には、溶接金属板の成型性を損なわないようにするため、引張り強度の高い方の金属板の減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚とその引張り強度を掛けた値が、引張り強度の低いほうの金属板の元の板厚とその引張り強度をかけた値より大きい値とすることが必要である。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。
【0030】
突合せレーザー溶接する金属板として、引張り強度が270MPa及び590MPaの2種類の金属板を供試材として準備し、出力8kWの炭酸ガスレーザー溶接装置で、溶接ビード幅0.8〜1.0mmの突合せレーザー溶接試験を行った。
【0031】
板厚1mmと同じで、引張り強度がそれぞれ270MPa、590MPaの鋼板を接合し、溶接部をエリクセン試験にて成型性を評価した。その結果、エッジ部板厚を減ぜずに溶接した比較例No.1の場合、8kWの炭酸ガスレーザーで、毎分9mの溶接を行い、エリクセン値は7.5mmであった。
【0032】
また、強度の高い方の板厚のみを減じた本発明例No.3の場合、溶接速度は9.4mが可能で、またエリクセン値は、7.7mmとなった。このように本発明例のNo.3では、成型性を犠牲にせずに溶接速度を向上させることが可能であった。なお、本発明例でエリクセン値が少し向上したのは、同じレーザーパワーで溶接速度を向上させた結果、成型上ネックとなる強度の低い金属板に伝わる熱流速を下げることができたため、熱影響による母材の軟化を防ぐことができたからである。
【0033】
これに対して、引張り強度が異なる母材であるにもかかわらず、双方のエッジ部板厚を同じように減じて同様の条件で溶接した比較例No.2の場合には、毎分10mの高速の接合が可能であったが、エリクセン試験時に、強度の低い金属板の母材で亀裂が発生しエリクセン値は、6.8mmで成型性がよくなかった。また、強度の高い方の金属板のエッジ部分及び強度の低い方の金属板のエッジ部分の板厚を減じ、かつ強度の低い方の金属板エッジ部分の板厚減肉幅をビード幅以下に板減じた本発明例No.4の場合、8kWの炭酸ガスレーザーで溶接速度は9.8mが可能であり、そのときエリクセン値は7.8mmであった。この試験結果に示されるように、比較例No.1及びNo.2に比較して、本発明例No.3及びNo.4では、成型性を犠牲にせずに溶接速度を向上させることが可能であった。
【0034】
上記溶接試験の条件及び溶接結果を表1に併せて示す。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 2004306083
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、低コストの高速溶接で製造でき、なおかつ成型性の良いレーザー突合せ溶接金属板を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】金属板のレーザー接合プロセスの模式鳥瞰図である。
【図2】レーザー突合せ溶接プロセスを示す図である。
【図3】母材の引張り強度の高い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の肉厚を減肉させたレーザー溶接金属板の接合点近傍を拡大して示す図である。
【図4】母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板の突合せエッジ部の双方の肉厚を減じ、引張り強度が低い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部の減肉幅を溶接ビード幅以内としてレーザー溶接金属板の接合点近傍を拡大して示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 金属板
2 金属板
3 レーザーヘッド
4 溶接ビード
5、5’ 板厚減肉部
6 レーザービーム
7 溶接部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a butt-welded metal plate, and more particularly to a metal plate manufactured by joining a plurality of metal plates with a laser beam for use in plastic working such as pressing. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the application of a technique in which a plurality of metal plates are butt-joined in advance with a laser beam and the metal plates are molded into a desired shape by plastic working such as press molding is becoming common for automobiles. Joining metal plates of different types or different thicknesses before press molding and pressing them as a single metal plate has the effect of promoting partial reinforcement and weight reduction of the product. In the production of this butt metal plate, it is required to increase the welding speed in order to improve productivity. As a means for improving the welding speed, it has been conventionally applied by applying a high-power laser, but on the other hand, the laser oscillator is expensive and the power consumption is enormous, so the cost increases. There was a problem.
[0003]
There is a laser welding technique that combines a laser with another heat source such as plasma or arc to improve the welding speed. For example, in laser welding in which butt welding is performed by simultaneously irradiating a plasma gas flow and a laser beam from a plasma torch moving along a butt line and a laser processing nozzle, within the irradiation region of the plasma gas flow and the irradiation region When a laser welding method (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) that irradiates a laser beam at a position biased rearward from the center with respect to the moving direction or a position at which the workpiece is irradiated with the laser beam is used as a reference A laser / arc combined welding method (for example, refer to Patent Document 2) in which electrodes for arc welding are arranged in front and rear of the welding direction in relation to the laser beam irradiation position, or deep penetration welding is performed on the front side with a laser beam. Then, the back side is MIG welded to weld a thick plate material at high speed with an inexpensive medium power laser (for example, special Although reference 3) is present, in these cases also other heat sources requires a device for supplying an arc, there is a problem that cost is increased.
[0004]
In addition, when butt-welding thin plates with a laser, at least one of the thin plates is plastically deformed before or within the welding zone to reduce the gap width between the thin plates, eliminating the need for precise positioning of the butt section. However, this technique also does not improve the welding speed and does not provide a butt metal plate with good formability.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-246484 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-246485 A [Patent Document 3]
JP 63-30193 A [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-15469
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the problems of the prior art, and provides a butt laser welded metal plate that can be manufactured by high-speed welding at a low cost and that has good formability.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has intensively studied laser welding that can obtain a butt-welded metal plate that can be welded at a low cost and at high speed without causing poor welding. As a result, if the thickness of the butt weld edge is reduced in advance, the amount of metal to be melted by the laser can be reduced, and laser welding can be performed at high speed without using other heat sources such as plasma and arc. The present invention has been completed by finding that a weld metal plate that can be welded and has good formability can be obtained.
[0008]
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
[0009]
(1) A butt laser welded metal plate, which is a metal plate butt welded with a laser beam, wherein the thickness of one or both of the butt edge portions is reduced by rolling, pressing or machining before welding.
[0010]
(2) Metal plate with different tensile strength of base metal butt welded by laser beam. Before welding, the thickness of the butt edge part of the metal plate with higher base metal tensile strength is rolled, pressed or machined Butt laser welded metal sheet characterized in that it is reduced.
[0011]
(3) Metal plate with different tensile strength of base metal butt-welded by laser beam, reducing the thickness of both butt edges before welding, welding direction of butt edge part of metal plate with lower base metal tensile strength A butt laser welded metal plate characterized in that the thickness reduction in the direction perpendicular to the width is within the width of the weld bead.
[0012]
(4) The butt according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the thickness of the butt edge portion after thickness reduction is 70% or more and 95% or less of the original base material. Welded metal plate.
[0013]
(5) The value obtained by multiplying the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate with higher tensile strength after thinning by the tensile strength gives the original thickness and tensile strength of the metal plate with lower tensile strength. The butt laser welding metal plate according to (2) or (3) above, wherein the butt laser welding metal plate is larger than the multiplied value.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a schematic bird's-eye view of a laser joining process of metal plates, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the welded portion. As shown in FIG. 1, in order to butt-join the metal plates 1 and 2 with a laser, the joining lines of the metal plates 1 and 2 are put together on the same plane, and then the laser head 3 is moved along the joining line. The weld bead portion 4 is formed by irradiating the butted portion with the laser beam 6 while moving in the direction of the arrow relative to the metal plates 1 and 2 and performing welding at the weld portion 7. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the plate thickness reduced portion 5 is formed by reducing the plate thickness of the welded portion edge in advance. As a result, the amount of metal to be melted by the laser can be reduced, so that the welding speed can be increased even with the same laser.
[0016]
For example, when carbon dioxide lasers with a processing point output of 8 kW are used to join carbon steel plates with the same thickness of 1 mm, the welding speed was 9 m per minute, but the plate thickness near the edge was reduced to 0.8 mm. If decreased, the welding speed could be increased to 10 m / min.
[0017]
And the plate | board thickness reduction | decrease part 5 can be formed by reducing plate | board thickness by rolling, a press, or machining the butt edge part of a metal plate.
[0018]
Further, in laser welding, the weld bead portion 4 is quenched because the molten metal rapidly cools and solidifies, and the hardness becomes higher than the base material portion before welding. For this reason, during plastic working such as press molding, the deformation of the base material around the weld bead is constrained, and thus there is a problem that the moldability is deteriorated. According to the present invention, the thickness of the butt edge portion is reduced. Since the thickness is reduced, the thickness of the weld bead portion 4 is also reduced, so that even when the same force is applied, the weld bead 4 is relatively easily deformed, so that the surrounding base material is deformed during plastic working. It is possible to improve the moldability by reducing the effect of restraining the film.
[0019]
At this time, when the plate thickness after the thickness reduction exceeds 95% of the original base material, the effect of the thickness reduction cannot be obtained and the effect of improving the welding speed is hardly seen. On the other hand, if the thickness is reduced to less than 70%, stress concentration occurs in the reduced thickness portion, and the fatigue strength is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary that the thickness of the butt edge portion after thinning is 70% or more and 95% or less of the original base material (thickness reduction is 5 to 30%), but preferably 80% or more and 95% or less. is there.
[0020]
When two metal plates having approximately the same tensile strength are butt-welded and laser-welded, as shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of both the edges of the welded portion is reduced in advance before welding, and the same is applied to both metal plates. By forming the thickness reduction part 5 and performing laser welding, the welding speed can be improved and the moldability can be improved.
[0021]
However, when dissimilar metal plates with different tensile strengths are butt-welded and laser welding is performed by forming the same thickness plate thickness reduction part on both metal plates, the welding speed can be improved but the moldability is improved. I can't let you.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the joining point of the laser welded metal plate in which the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate having the higher tensile strength of the base metal is reduced. The example shown in FIG. 3 is a means for obtaining a higher welding speed with the same laser output. However, particularly when the tensile strengths of the metal plates 1 and 2 are different, the direction perpendicular to the weld bead during plastic processing such as pressing is performed. This is a means for preventing the metal plate having a low strength from being broken when the above strain is applied.
[0023]
In general, when a vertical strain is applied to the weld bead 4 during plastic processing such as press on a butt-welded metal plate made of materials with different strengths (plate thickness x tensile strength), the metal plate with the lower strength Fracture at the base material part. This is because when the strength of the base metal portion of the lower strength metal plate, the strength of the higher strength metal base material, and the weld bead 4 is compared, the weld bead 4 is quenched in the welding process as described above. Therefore, the strength is the highest and the weakest is the base material part of the low strength metal plate, and this breaks preferentially, so the strength of this part becomes the neck and becomes the processing limit of plastic processing such as press formability. End up. Accordingly, when the metal materials to be welded have different strengths, if the thickness of the metal plate having the lower strength is reduced, this controls the formability, which may impair the formability. In order to prevent this, the thickness reducing portion 5 is formed by reducing the thickness of only the butt edge portion of the metal plate 1 having higher strength. Therefore, the metal plate which is thinned only at the butt edge portion of the high strength metal plate and is butt laser welded is not broken by the low strength metal plate during plastic working.
[0024]
In particular, as a laser welded metal plate for automobile panels, for example, in order to improve collision safety and reduce weight, it is required to improve the partial strength of panel products. Therefore, conventionally, in order to increase the strength of the portion to be reinforced, the reinforcement has been performed by increasing the thickness of the portion. In this case, if a steel plate having a high tensile strength is used for the reinforcement instead of increasing the plate thickness, it is possible to avoid an excessive increase in the thickness of the panel and contribute to weight reduction. For example, the strength of the metal plate is different, but when welding a material of roughly the same thickness (for example, a plate thickness difference of 0.2 mm or less), it is sufficient to reduce the thickness of the edge portion of the material having a higher tensile strength, When the tensile strength of the material having the lower tensile strength is 80%, the thickness of the edge portion of the material having the higher tensile strength can be reduced to 80%.
[0025]
4 shows the laser welding in which the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate having a different tensile strength of the base metal is reduced and the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate having the lower tensile strength is within the weld bead width. It is a figure which expands and shows the junction point vicinity of a metal plate. The example shown in FIG. 4 is a means for obtaining a higher welding speed with the same laser output. However, particularly when the tensile strengths of the metal plates 1 and 2 are different, the direction perpendicular to the weld bead during plastic processing such as pressing is performed. This is a means for preventing breakage with a material having a low tensile strength when the above strain is applied.
[0026]
As described above, when a vertical strain is applied to the weld bead at the time of plastic processing such as press on a butt weld metal plate, which is generally made of a material having different strength (plate thickness × tensile strength), the strength is low. Break at the base metal of the other metal plate. That is, since the weld bead 4 is quenched in the welding process, the strength is the highest, and the weakest is the base material portion of the metal plate having the low strength. Since this is preferentially broken, the strength of this portion is the neck. It becomes the processing limit of plastic processing such as press molding. Therefore, when the metal materials to be welded have different strengths, if the thickness of the base metal of the metal plate with the lower strength is reduced, this will control the formability, which may impair the formability. There is. In order to prevent this, the thickness of the butt edge portion of the higher-strength metal plate 1 is reduced to form the thickness-reduced portion 5, and the thickness of the lower-strength metal plate 2 is also equal to that of the weld bead. The thickness-reduced portion 5 ′ reduced within the range is formed. Since the weld bead portion has a sufficiently high hardness, it does not break at the neck. Therefore, even if the thickness of the lower metal plate 2 is reduced within the range of the weld bead width, the formability is reduced. There is no effect on Therefore, the thickness reduction width in the direction perpendicular to the welding direction of the butt edge portion of the lower strength metal plate is set within the width of the weld bead.
[0027]
At this time, the strength (thickness after thinning × tensile strength) of the thinned portion of the metal plate 1 having higher strength is lower than the strength (plate thickness × tensile strength) of the metal plate 2 having lower strength. Thus, if the plate thickness is reduced, the strength of the material that was originally on the high strength side becomes a bottleneck, which may impair the moldability.
[0028]
Therefore, in the case of butt laser welding metal plates with different tensile strengths, in order not to impair the formability of the weld metal plate, the butt edge portion of the metal plate with the higher tensile strength after the thinning is reduced. It is necessary that the value obtained by multiplying the plate thickness and its tensile strength be larger than the value obtained by multiplying the original plate thickness and the tensile strength of the metal plate having the lower tensile strength.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
[0030]
Two kinds of metal plates with tensile strengths of 270 MPa and 590 MPa were prepared as test materials as metal plates for butt laser welding, and butt with a welding bead width of 0.8 to 1.0 mm using a carbon dioxide laser welding apparatus with an output of 8 kW. A laser welding test was conducted.
[0031]
Steel plates having the same thickness as 1 mm and tensile strengths of 270 MPa and 590 MPa were joined, and the weldability of the welded parts was evaluated by an Erichsen test. As a result, Comparative Example No. 1 welded without reducing the edge plate thickness. In the case of 1, welding was performed at 9 m / min with an 8 kW carbon dioxide laser, and the Erichsen value was 7.5 mm.
[0032]
In addition, Example No. of the present invention in which only the thicker plate thickness was reduced. In the case of 3, the welding speed could be 9.4 m, and the Erichsen value was 7.7 mm. Thus, No. of the present invention example. In No. 3, it was possible to improve the welding speed without sacrificing moldability. In addition, the Eriksen value in the example of the present invention was slightly improved because the heat speed transmitted to the low-strength metal plate that became the upper neck of the molding was reduced as a result of improving the welding speed with the same laser power. This is because the softening of the base material due to the above could be prevented.
[0033]
On the other hand, in spite of the base materials having different tensile strengths, comparative example No. 1 in which both edge portion plate thicknesses were similarly reduced and welded under the same conditions. In the case of No. 2, it was possible to join at a high speed of 10 m / min. However, during the Erichsen test, cracks occurred in the base material of the low-strength metal plate, the Eriksen value was 6.8 mm, and the moldability was not good. It was. Also, reduce the thickness of the edge portion of the metal plate with the higher strength and the edge portion of the metal plate with the lower strength, and make the thickness reduction width of the edge portion of the metal plate with the lower strength less than the bead width. Invented Example No. In the case of 4, the welding speed could be 9.8 m with an 8 kW carbon dioxide laser, and the Erichsen value at that time was 7.8 mm. As shown in the test results, Comparative Example No. 1 and no. In comparison with Example No. 2, Example No. 3 and no. In No. 4, it was possible to improve the welding speed without sacrificing moldability.
[0034]
Table 1 also shows the welding test conditions and welding results.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004306083
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laser butt-welded metal plate that can be manufactured by low-speed high-speed welding and has good formability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic bird's-eye view of a laser joining process of metal plates.
FIG. 2 shows a laser butt welding process.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of a joining point of a laser-welded metal plate in which the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate having the higher tensile strength of the base metal is reduced.
[Fig. 4] Laser weld metal in which the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate with the lower tensile strength is reduced within the weld bead width by reducing the thickness of the butt edge portion of the metal plate with different tensile strength of the base metal. It is a figure which expands and shows the junction point vicinity of a board.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal plate 2 Metal plate 3 Laser head 4 Weld bead 5, 5 'Thickness reduction part 6 Laser beam 7 Welding part

Claims (5)

レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された金属板で、溶接前に突合せエッジ部分の一方または双方の板厚をローリングまたはプレスまたは機械加工にて減じてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。A metal plate butt welded by a laser beam, wherein the thickness of one or both butt edge portions is reduced by rolling, pressing or machining before welding. レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板で、溶接前に、母材引張り強度の高い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の肉厚をローリングまたはプレスまたは機械加工にて減じてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。Metal plate with different tensile strength of base metal butt-welded by laser beam. Thickness of butt edge of metal plate with higher base metal tensile strength is reduced by rolling, pressing or machining before welding. Butt laser welding metal plate characterized by that. レーザー光線により突合せ溶接された母材の引張り強度が異なる金属板で、溶接前に双方の突合せエッジの肉厚を減じ、母材引張り強度が低い方の金属板の突合せエッジ部分の溶接方向と直角方向の減肉幅を、溶接ビードの幅以内としてあることを特徴とする突合せレーザー溶接金属板。Metal plate with different tensile strength of base metal butt welded by laser beam, thickness of both butt edges is reduced before welding, and perpendicular direction to welding direction of butt edge portion of metal plate with lower base metal tensile strength A butt laser welded metal sheet characterized in that the reduced thickness of the metal is within the width of the weld bead. 減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚が、元の母材の70%以上95%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の内のいずれかに記載の突合せ溶接金属板。The butt-welded metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thickness of the butt edge portion after the thickness reduction is 70% or more and 95% or less of the original base material. 引張り強度の高い方の金属板の減肉後の突合せエッジ部分の板厚とその引張り強度を掛けた値が、引張り強度の低いほうの金属板の元の板厚とその引張り強度をかけた値より大きいことを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の突合せレーザー溶接金属板。The value obtained by multiplying the plate thickness of the butt edge after thinning of the metal plate with higher tensile strength and its tensile strength is the value obtained by multiplying the original plate thickness of the metal plate with lower tensile strength and its tensile strength. 4. The butt laser weld metal plate according to claim 2, wherein the butt laser weld metal plate is larger.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103008895A (en) * 2012-12-15 2013-04-03 华中科技大学 Narrow gap multi-pass laser welding method for thick plate
JP2015093289A (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-18 Jfeスチール株式会社 Weld joint having heat-affected zone excellent in toughness, welding method of the same and welded structure
JP2016046176A (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-04-04 古河電気工業株式会社 Weld joint, terminal with weld joint, method of manufacturing weld joint, and method of manufacturing terminal
CN112589271A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-04-02 东风汽车集团有限公司 Laser tailor-welded blank, tailor-welded stamped workpiece and laser tailor-welding method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103008895A (en) * 2012-12-15 2013-04-03 华中科技大学 Narrow gap multi-pass laser welding method for thick plate
CN103008895B (en) * 2012-12-15 2015-04-15 华中科技大学 Narrow gap multi-pass laser welding method for thick plate
JP2015093289A (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-18 Jfeスチール株式会社 Weld joint having heat-affected zone excellent in toughness, welding method of the same and welded structure
JP2016046176A (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-04-04 古河電気工業株式会社 Weld joint, terminal with weld joint, method of manufacturing weld joint, and method of manufacturing terminal
CN112589271A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-04-02 东风汽车集团有限公司 Laser tailor-welded blank, tailor-welded stamped workpiece and laser tailor-welding method
CN112589271B (en) * 2020-11-10 2022-01-11 东风汽车集团有限公司 Laser tailor-welded blank, tailor-welded stamped workpiece and laser tailor-welding method

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