JP2004300709A - Wall structure for building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall structure capable of increasing air-tightness and heat insulation performance and preventing dewing from occurring inside a wall. <P>SOLUTION: The wall 1 comprises an outer wall material 4 facing the outside air, a heat insulating material 5 installed to face the inside of the outer wall material 4, a wall surface gypsum board 6 as the first interior material installed on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 5, and an interior board 7 installed on the indoor side of the wall surface gypsum board 6. An air barrier 8 is stretched around between the heat insulating material 5 and the wall surface gypsum board 6. A distance between the wall surface gypsum board 6 and the interior board 7 is formed in a space with a width of about several centimeters. Ventilation holes 14 and 15 are formed near the ceiling gypsum board 9 of the interior board 7 and near a flooring 11, and a space between the wall surface gypsum board 6 and the interior board 7 is formed in a ventilation layer 16 ventilated with the inside of a room. Also, a ceiling cornice 17 is disposed so as to conceal the ventilating hole 14, and baseboards 19 are disposed so as to conceal the ventilation hole 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building such as a wooden house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general houses currently being built, in addition to the need for energy saving, there is a demand for a comfortable indoor environment in which winter is warm and summer is cool, and high airtightness and high insulation are being promoted.
[0003]
First, after the first oil shock, heat insulation was applied to the walls for the purpose of energy saving.However, when the room was heated in winter, a pressure difference between the room and the outside caused by the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor The air containing a large amount of water enters the inside of the wall, and there is a problem that the temperature drops in the process of passing through the heat insulating material to cause dew condensation inside the wall.
[0004]
In order to solve this problem, a moisture-proof sheet that does not allow water vapor to pass through has been provided on the indoor side surface in the wall. Further, a space for a ventilation layer was provided on the exterior material side of the wall, and water vapor was released from the ventilation layer to the outside. In order to prevent outside air and rainwater from entering the room from the ventilation layer, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet was provided on the indoor side of the ventilation layer.
[0005]
Further, there is also a configuration in which a ventilation layer is not provided on the exterior material side of the wall, but a ventilation layer is provided between the heat insulating material and the interior material, and room air is exhausted from the ventilation layer to the outside of the room (for example, see Patent Reference 1).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-81509
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, in a conventional highly airtight and highly insulated house provided with a moisture-proof sheet and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet on both sides of the heat insulating material, in practice, there is a mistake in construction, deterioration of materials over time, decoration of residents. In many cases, the hermeticity is deteriorated due to damage due to damage, or the shape of the frame that must be inadequately sealed.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and in particular, to provide a wall structure that improves the airtightness and heat insulation of an existing house and prevents the occurrence of dew condensation in the wall. Aim.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a wall structure of a building according to claim 1 is a wall structure of a building disposed inside an outer wall material and a heat insulating material provided inside the outer wall material. An air barrier disposed on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, a first interior material disposed on the indoor side of the air barrier, and a first interior material disposed on the interior side of the first interior material at a predetermined interval. A second interior material, an upper air vent provided near an upper end of the second interior material, a lower air vent provided near a lower end of the second interior material, and an indoor upper portion of the second interior material. An upper decorative member that is disposed at the upper side and covers the upper air hole without obstructing ventilation, and a lower decorative member that is disposed at a lower portion of the second interior material on the indoor side and covers the lower air hole without obstructing air flow. Comprising, between the first interior material and the second interior material, the upper vent and the lower Characterized in that it is an indoor communication with venting layer through the pores.
[0010]
In the wall structure of a building having this configuration, the indoor side of the heat insulating material is kept airtight by the air barrier. The space between the first interior material and the second interior material communicates with the room through an upper air hole and a lower air hole provided in the second interior material, forming a ventilation layer. Each of the upper and lower ventilation holes is blinded by a decorative member, and is visually structured naturally.
[0011]
The wall structure of the building according to claim 2 is, in addition to the configuration of the invention according to claim 1, wherein the upper decorative member is a peripheral edge having the upper air hole and a ventilation groove communicating with a room, The lower decorative member is a baseboard having the lower vent and a ventilation groove communicating with a room.
[0012]
In the wall structure of a building having this configuration, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, well-known surrounding edges and baseboards are used for decorative members that cover the upper and lower ventilation holes, and the ventilation holes and the interior and interior are used for these. Since the ventilation groove is provided for communication, ventilation to the room can be realized more naturally and without increasing the number of members used.
[0013]
The wall structure of a building according to claim 3 is the structure of the invention according to claim 1, wherein one of the upper decorative member and the lower decorative member is one of the upper ventilation hole and the lower ventilation hole. A corresponding ventilation hole and a ventilation groove communicating with the room are provided, and the other has a ventilation groove communicating with the corresponding ventilation hole of the upper ventilation hole or the lower ventilation hole but not communicating with the room. The ventilation groove is connected to a ventilation device that takes in indoor air and exhausts the air outside.
[0014]
In the wall structure of a building having this configuration, in addition to the function of the invention described in claim 1, one of the ventilation holes communicates with the room, and the other is connected to the ventilation device, and the room air is ventilated systematically. You.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a part of a house 100 having a wall structure to which the present invention is applied, excluding a roof. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the wall structure of the present invention.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, a house 100 has a wall 1 having openings such as a window 2 and a door 3 on a floor provided on a foundation 90. As shown in FIG. 2, the wall 1 includes an outer wall material 4 facing the outside air, a heat insulating material 5 provided inside the outer wall material 4, and a second heat insulating material 5 provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 5. It is composed of a wall gypsum board 6 which is one interior material, and an interior board 7 (second interior material) provided at a certain distance from the wall gypsum board 6 further on the room side of the wall gypsum board 6. Here, as the exterior material 4, a known exterior material such as mortar, tiled, ceramic siding, or the like can be used. Examples of the heat insulating material 5 include a fibrous heat insulating material formed of a fiber material such as glass wool, rock wool, and cellulose fiber, expanded polyolefin (expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene, and the like), expanded polyurethane, expanded styrene-based resin (expanded polystyrene). Etc.), synthetic resin foams such as foamed polyvinyl chloride resin and foamed phenolic resin, and inorganic foams such as glass and cement-based materials. The wall gypsum board 6 is formed of a well-known gypsum board, and the interior board 7 can use various similar gypsum boards and other well-known interior materials.
[0017]
An air barrier 8 is stretched between the heat insulating material 5 and the wall gypsum board 6 to seal the indoor side of the heat insulating material 5 against outside air. As shown in FIG. 2, the air barrier 8 is formed not only between the heat insulating material 5 and the wall gypsum board 6, but also between the ceiling gypsum board 9 and the joist 10 on the ceiling surface, the flooring 11 on the floor and the underfloor board material 12. It is spread all over. The air barrier 8 is made of a highly airtight sheet material such as a vinyl sheet, a polyethylene sheet, a metal sheet, and a resin sheet, which is excellent in blocking the passage of moisture. It prevents air from coming in and out and keeps the room airtight.
[0018]
A well-known rim 13 having an air hole is provided between the wall plaster board 6 and the interior board 7, and a space having a width of about several centimeters is provided between the wall plaster board 6 and the interior board 7. Has become. Boxes such as power outlets and switches are mounted in this space. And only the cable is extended in the room. Since a box or the like is attached inside the air barrier 8 already laid, there is no need to break and process the air barrier 8 to attach the box portion, or repair with an airtight tape, so that airtightness is ensured. Further, a ventilation hole 14 as an upper ventilation hole is provided near the ceiling gypsum board 9 of the interior board 7, and a ventilation hole 15 as a lower ventilation hole is provided near the flooring 11. The space between them is a ventilation layer 16 that ventilates the room.
[0019]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the configuration of the ventilation holes 14, 15 and the vicinity thereof will be described. FIG. 3 is a front view of the wall 1 as seen from the indoor side. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of ventilation holes 14 are formed in a position corresponding to a portion where a surrounding edge is provided in a general wooden house, that is, near the ceiling gypsum board 9 of the interior board 7. I have. Although the shape of the vent hole 14 is not particularly limited, for example, in the present embodiment, the vent hole 14 is an opening formed in a thin elliptical shape of about 1.5 cm in length and about 20 cm in width. The ventilation holes 14 are provided at a plurality of locations on one wall at predetermined intervals, for example, at intervals of about several tens of centimeters. A surrounding edge 17 is provided in front of the ventilation hole 14 so as to cover the ventilation hole 14. The surrounding edge 17 is stretched around the front surface of the interior board 7 near the ceiling, similarly to that used in a well-known house.
[0020]
The surrounding rim 17 is a long well-known thing made of wood or plywood, and has a ventilation groove 18 communicating the ventilation hole 14 and the room so as not to prevent air from flowing in and out of the ventilation hole 14. Have. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the peripheral edge 17 is an upper peripheral edge 17 a having an L-shaped cross section, and a lower peripheral edge having an L-shaped cross section disposed so as to face the upper peripheral edge 17 a. 17b, and a ventilation groove 18 is formed between the two. Further, the upper peripheral edge 17a is provided with a peripheral edge vent hole 17c at a position corresponding to the vent hole 14, and communicates the vent hole 14 with the vent groove 18. When the upper peripheral edge 17a is provided, the upper peripheral edge 17a can be positioned by aligning the peripheral edge ventilation hole 17c with the ventilation hole 14. Note that the upper peripheral edge 17a is not provided with the peripheral edge vent hole 17c, and the lower edge of the upper peripheral edge 17a is formed so as to remain above the vent hole 14, so that the upper peripheral edge 17a does not block the vent hole 14. It may be.
[0021]
The indoor air flows from the ventilation groove 18 to the ventilation hole 14 via the peripheral ventilation hole 17 c and reaches the ventilation layer 16. In addition, the air in the ventilation layer 16 flows from the ventilation hole 14 to the room through the ventilation groove 18 through the peripheral ventilation hole 17c.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of ventilation holes 15 are formed in a position corresponding to a portion where a baseboard is provided in a general wooden house, that is, near the flooring 11 of the interior board 7. I have. Although the shape of the vent hole 15 is not particularly limited, for example, in the present embodiment, like the vent hole 14, the vent hole 15 is an opening formed in a thin elliptical shape of about 1.5 cm in length and about 20 cm in width. is there. A plurality of ventilation holes 15 are provided on one wall surface at a predetermined interval, for example, an interval of about several tens of centimeters. A baseboard 19 is provided in front of the ventilation hole 15 so as to cover the ventilation hole 15. The baseboard 19 is stretched around the front of the interior board 7 near the floor, similarly to the one used in a well-known house.
[0023]
The baseboard 19 is a long and well-known thing made of wood or plywood, and has a ventilation groove 20 communicating the ventilation hole 15 and the room so as not to prevent the air from entering and exiting from the ventilation hole 15. Have. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the baseboard 19 includes a lower baseboard 19 a having an L-shaped cross section and an upper baseboard having an L-shaped cross section disposed so as to face the lower baseboard 19 a. 19b, and a ventilation groove 20 is formed between them. A baseboard ventilation hole 19c is formed in the lower baseboard 19a at a position corresponding to the ventilation hole 15, and communicates the ventilation hole 15 with the ventilation groove 20. When arranging the lower skirting board 19a, it can be positioned by aligning the skirting board ventilation hole 19c with the ventilation hole 15. The lower baseboard 19a is not provided with the baseboard ventilation hole 19c, and is formed so that the upper edge of the lower baseboard 19a remains below the ventilation hole 15 so that the lower baseboard 19a does not block the ventilation hole 15. It may be.
[0024]
The indoor air flows from the ventilation groove 20 to the ventilation hole 15 via the baseboard ventilation hole 19c, and reaches the ventilation layer 16. The air in the ventilation layer 16 flows into the room from the ventilation hole 15 via the baseboard ventilation hole 19c and the ventilation groove 20.
[0025]
Note that the shapes of the surrounding edge 17 and the baseboard 19 are not limited to those described above, and various modifications are possible. In short, any shape may be used as long as it has ventilation grooves 18 and 20 and does not obstruct the ventilation holes 14 and 15 so as not to hinder the inflow and outflow of air through the ventilation holes 14 and 15. For example, the ventilation grooves 18 and 20 may have a curved shape instead of a straight shape as shown in FIG.
[0026]
In the wall 1 having the above-described structure, a box such as a power supply or a switch, which has been apt to be inadequately sealed in the past, is provided in the space by providing a space between the wall plaster board 6 and the interior board 7. The air barrier 8 tightly seals the indoor side of the heat insulating material 5. Therefore, the flow of indoor and outdoor air due to convection is prevented, and high airtightness and heat insulation can be maintained. Further, in order to prevent dew condensation from occurring in the space due to a temperature difference between the space and the room, ventilation holes 14 and 15 are provided in the upper and lower portions of the interior board 7, and a ventilation layer 16 for ventilating the space through the room. By doing so, the temperature difference between the room and the inside is reduced, and dew condensation is prevented. Furthermore, the surrounding edges 17 and the baseboard 19, which are the decorative members conventionally provided, are arranged in front of the ventilation holes 14 and 15 so as to cover the ventilation holes 14 and 15, so that even when viewed from the indoor side, uncomfortable feeling is provided. Never give. In addition, the wall 1 of the present embodiment is provided with an air barrier 8 by peeling off the interior material of a conventional house, disposing a wall plaster board 6 and an interior board 7, a surrounding edge 17 having a ventilation groove, and a baseboard 19. Therefore, not only a new house but also a conventional house can be easily made into a highly airtight and highly insulated house by renovation.
[0027]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a wall 51 of another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the wall 51 of another embodiment as viewed from the indoor side. Since the wall 51 has substantially the same configuration as the wall 1 of the first embodiment, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 2 and 3 and description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 4, a ventilation hole 14 is provided in the vicinity of the gypsum board 9 of the interior board 7 similarly to the first embodiment, and a lower ventilation hole is provided in the vicinity of the flooring 11 of the interior board 7. A certain ventilation hole 55 is provided. The space between the wall gypsum board 6 and the interior board 7 is a ventilation layer 16 that ventilates the room.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the configuration of the ventilation hole 14 and the surrounding edge 17 is the same as that of the first embodiment. On the other hand, similarly to the first embodiment, the ventilation holes 55 are formed in an oval shape near the flooring 11 of the interior board 7 and are provided at a plurality of locations on one wall surface. A baseboard 59 is provided so as to cover the ventilation holes 55. The baseboard 59 is stretched around the front of the interior board 7 near the floor, similarly to the one used in a well-known house.
[0029]
The baseboard 59 is a long, well-known thing made of wood or plywood, and unlike the baseboard 19, does not divide up and down, as shown in FIG. Has a groove 60. The groove 60 does not communicate with the room, but is connected to the ventilation device 52. The ventilator 52 is provided in a hall (entrance / corridor), a washroom, or the like, and intentionally takes in a predetermined amount of indoor air and exhausts it to the outside. The indoor air flows from the ventilation groove 18 to the ventilation hole 14 via the peripheral ventilation hole 17 c and reaches the ventilation layer 16. Further, the air in the ventilation layer 16 flows into the groove 60 from the ventilation hole 55, and the groove 60 serves as a duct, in which the air is sent to the ventilator 52 and exhausted outside.
[0030]
In this embodiment, the ventilation hole 55, which is the lower ventilation hole, is connected to the ventilation device 52, but the upper ventilation hole is connected to the ventilation device 52, and the lower ventilation hole communicates with the room. Is also good. In this case, as in the first embodiment, the lower ventilation hole is the ventilation hole 15 and the baseboard 19 has a two-part structure consisting of a lower baseboard 19a and an upper baseboard 19b. Then, the surrounding edge may be formed to have a U-shaped groove in cross section, so that the air in the ventilation layer 16 is fed into the ventilation device 52 via this groove.
[0031]
Therefore, according to the wall 51 of the second embodiment, high airtightness and high heat insulation are provided similarly to the first embodiment, and air is supplied and exhausted from the baseboard 59 through the ventilation device 52. Since ventilation is performed systematically, it has an effect on a sick house.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the wall structure of the building according to claim 1, the indoor side of the heat insulating material is kept airtight by the air barrier, and the space between the first interior material and the second interior material is reduced. The upper and lower air holes provided in the second interior material communicate with the room to form a ventilation layer. Therefore, the inside of the heat insulating material is sealed by the air barrier to achieve high airtightness and high heat insulation in the room, and the occurrence of dew condensation in the wall is prevented by the ventilation layer. Since the upper and lower ventilation holes are blinded by the decorative member, such an effect can be realized visually and naturally.
[0033]
According to the wall structure of the building according to the second aspect, in addition to the effects of the first aspect, a well-known surrounding edge and a baseboard are used for the decorative member that covers the upper and lower ventilation holes, and the through hole is used for the decorative member. Since the air hole and the ventilation groove communicating with the room are provided, a highly airtight and highly insulated house in which dew condensation in the wall is prevented more naturally and without increasing the number of members used can be realized.
[0034]
According to the wall structure of the building according to the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the invention according to the first aspect, one of the ventilation holes communicates with the room and the other is connected to the ventilation device, so that the airtightness is high.・ In a highly insulated house, indoor air can be ventilated systematically to provide a comfortable house.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a portion excluding a roof of a house 100 having a wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the wall 1 as viewed from the indoor side.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a wall 51 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a wall 51 according to another embodiment as viewed from the indoor side.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall 4 Exterior wall material 5 Insulation material 6 Wall plaster board 7 Interior board 8 Air barrier 9 Ceiling plaster board 10 Joist 11 Flooring 12 Under floor book surface material 13 Body edge 14 Vent hole 15 Vent hole 16 Vent layer 17 Surrounding edge 18 Vent groove 19 Baseboard Reference Signs List 20 ventilation groove 51 wall 52 ventilation device 55 ventilation hole 59 baseboard 60 groove

Claims (3)

An outer wall material and a wall structure of a building disposed inside a heat insulating material provided inside the outer wall material,
An air barrier disposed on the indoor side of the heat insulating material,
A first interior material disposed on the indoor side of the air barrier,
A second interior material disposed at a predetermined interval on the indoor side of the first interior material,
An upper vent provided near the upper end of the second interior material,
A lower ventilation hole provided near the lower end of the second interior material,
An upper decorative member disposed on the indoor side upper portion of the second interior material and covering the upper air hole without obstructing ventilation.
A lower decorative member disposed at a lower portion of the second interior material on the indoor side, and covering the lower air hole without obstructing ventilation;
The wall structure of a building, wherein a space between the first interior material and the second interior material is a ventilation layer that communicates with a room through the upper ventilation hole and the lower ventilation hole. The upper decorative member is a peripheral edge having the upper ventilation hole and a ventilation groove communicating with a room, and the lower decorative member is a baseboard having the lower ventilation hole and a ventilation groove communicating with a room. The wall structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein: One of the upper decoration member and the lower decoration member includes a corresponding ventilation hole of the upper ventilation hole and the lower ventilation hole and a ventilation groove communicating with a room, and the other includes the upper ventilation hole or the lower ventilation hole. It has a ventilation groove that communicates with the corresponding ventilation hole among the pores, but does not communicate with the room, and the ventilation groove is connected to a ventilation device that takes in room air and exhausts it to the outside. The wall structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein

Images