JP2004285981A - High exhaust temperature maintaining device for diesel engine - Google Patents

High exhaust temperature maintaining device for diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004285981A
JP2004285981A JP2003081995A JP2003081995A JP2004285981A JP 2004285981 A JP2004285981 A JP 2004285981A JP 2003081995 A JP2003081995 A JP 2003081995A JP 2003081995 A JP2003081995 A JP 2003081995A JP 2004285981 A JP2004285981 A JP 2004285981A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
exhaust
diesel engine
cam
temperature
intake
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Pending
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JP2003081995A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Kanesaka
弘 兼坂
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho KK
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Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to JP2003081995A priority Critical patent/JP2004285981A/en
Publication of JP2004285981A publication Critical patent/JP2004285981A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for maintaining exhaust temperature of a diesel engine high in a manner to sufficiently activate CRT(R) (Continuous Regenerative Trap) even at the low speed and low load time of the diesel engine, and for normally holding engine performance other than at the low speed and low load time. <P>SOLUTION: This high exhaust temperature maintaining device of a diesel engine is constituted to open an exhaust valve of a multi-cylinder diesel engine by a predetermined opening degree near a lower dead center in an intake stroke by an exhaust auxiliary cam, and to increase the exhaust temperature as a result of heightening intake temperature before a compression stroke by means of exhaust. An exhaust lift due to the auxiliary cam is set in a range of 5-15% of the intake valve or exhaust valve lift due to a main cam. Even at the low speed and low load time of the diesel engine, CRT is sufficiently activated, so as to maintain the exhaust temperature of the diesel engine high, and normally hold the engine performance other than at the time of the low speed and low load time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、広くはディーゼルエンジンからの汚染物質低減の目的で使用する触媒の活性化手段に関し、更に具体的にはディーゼルエンジンの低負荷時における高排気温度維持装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ディーゼルエンジンのエミッション、即ち窒素酸化物(NOX)、固形排出物乃至粒子状物質(PM)、炭化水素(HC)、一酸化炭素(CO)等の排出規制に対処する手段として、連続再生トラップ〔商品名CRT(Continuous Regenerative Trap)を指し、以下CRTという〕を用いるのが非常に有効であることが最近認められてきている。
【0003】
前記CRTは、ディーゼルエンジンからNOを選択的に排出させ、酸化触媒によりNO2とし、これによってHCをH2OとCO2に、またCOをCO2へと無害化するとともに、トラップ内に捕集されたPM(主成分はC)を酸化せしめ、CO2とNOを排出する装置である。
【0004】
しかし、前記CRTは反応する排気温度が260℃〜450℃の範囲内においてのみ作動し、これ以外の温度ではトラップ内のPMは燃焼せず、PMはトラップ内に堆積して背圧を高め、エンジンの運転を不能とする。
特に、アイドリング時や渋滞路走行中の低速低負荷運転時においては、ディーゼルエンジンの排気温度は前記260℃に達しないので、前記CRTの機能を失わせてしまう。
【0005】
前記CRTの機能をディーゼルエンジンの低速低負荷運転時においても活発化させるための、ディーゼルエンジンの排気温度を高める手段としては、本発明者が発明した特許第906191号があり、これは同号明細書記載の如く、ディーゼルエンジンの吸気通路に絞り弁を付設し、これを絞ることによって空気量を減少させ、空気過剰率を下げて燃焼温度を高めるとともに、排気弁を補助カムにより吸気行程下死点付近で開くことによって、排気系から高温の排気を負圧となっているシリンダ内に逆流せしめ、以ってシリンダ内空気を断熱圧縮して温度上昇せしめ、また該空気が高温の排気と混合することによって、更に圧縮行程前のシリンダ内空気の温度を上昇させ、低圧縮比ディーゼルエンジンの始動を容易にする方法である。
【0006】
しかしながら、前記の如く、排気弁を補助カムにより吸気行程下死点付近で開き、排気系から高温の排気を負圧となっているシリンダ内に逆流せしめ、以ってシリンダ内空気を断熱圧縮してさらに温度上昇せしめる場合に、前記補助カムによる排気弁のリフト及び開弁期間を如何に設定するかが、エンジン性能及び排気温度に非常に影響することが、最近本発明者の研究によって明らかになった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
よって、本発明の解決すべき課題は、ディーゼルエンジンの低速低負荷時においても上記CRTを十分に活性化し得るようディーゼルエンジンの排気温度を高温に維持するとともに、低速低負荷時以外におけるエンジン性能を正常に保持しうる装置を提供するにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するための、本発明ディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置は、多気筒ディーゼルエンジンの排気弁を排気補助カムにより吸気行程の下死点付近にて所定開度開くように構成し、排気により圧縮行程前の吸気温度を高めて結果的に排気温度を上昇せしめる構成において、前記補助カムによる排気弁リフトを主カムによる吸気弁または排気弁リフトの5〜15%の範囲に設定したことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を図1乃至図4により詳細に説明する。
図1は発明の一例を示すもので、複数のシリンダを有するディーゼルエンジン(図の例はV型多気筒ディーゼルエンジンで片バンクを示す)1のシリンダヘッド2内に設けた吸気弁3及び排気弁(図示せず)は、ディーゼルエンジンの図示しないクランク軸から、周知のタイミングギヤを介して駆動されるカム軸4の主カム4a、4bにより、タペット5、プッシュロッド6、ロッカアーム7を介して開閉される。
【0010】
前記主カムのうち4aは吸気弁用カムであり、4bは排気弁用カムである。該排気弁用カム4bには、図2に示すようにその一部に排気補助カム4cが設けられており、前記吸気弁用カム4aによって吸気弁が閉じる時期、即ち圧縮行程の開始時期に排気弁を所定開度開き、高温排気を逆流させて排気温度を高める。
【0011】
8は一端をディーゼルエンジン1の排気マニホールド(図示せず)に連結された排気管路で、その途中に前記CRT9及びDe NOXコンバータ10が介装されている。
【0012】
前記主カムである吸気弁用カム4a、排気弁用カム4b及び排気補助カム4cの弁リフト曲線は、本発明の場合図3及び図4に示す如く設定されている。即ち時間の推移の順で、排気弁用カム4bによる弁リフト曲線Eと吸気弁用カム4aによる弁リフト曲線Iとは、この場合リフト量Lが同一で、上死点TDC付近で互いに重なっている。
【0013】
図3における排気補助カム4cによる弁リフト曲線Aは、前記弁リフト曲線Iの終端付近にあるように設定されている。この場合弁リフト曲線Aのリフト量lは、前記主カムの弁リフト量Lの5〜15%の範囲で、最終的には実験等により決定する。
【0014】
発明者の研究によれば、排気補助カム4cによる弁リフト曲線Aのリフト量lを、前記主カムの弁リフト量Lの16%以上とするときは、ディーゼルエンジンの運転性能を悪化させることが確認されている。また、前記数値を5%未満とするときは前記所定の排気温度への上昇は全く望めない。従って、前記の如く最終的にはそのディーゼルエンジン及びCRTに適合するように、実験により最適値を決定する。
【0015】
図4に示す弁リフト曲線図では、排気補助カム4cによる弁リフト曲線A’がその終端(図で右端)を吸気弁リフト曲線の終端より手前に設定されており、これによって排気補助カム4cでリフトされた排気弁の着座が円滑に行われるようになる。殊に、前記補助カム4cによる排気弁リフト曲線A’の終端を下死点 (BDC)直前に設定したものでは、タペット5の落下による排気弁用カム4bへの影響を避けられる。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明のディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置では、多気筒ディーゼルエンジンの排気弁を排気補助カムにより吸気行程の下死点付近にて所定開度開くように構成し、排気により圧縮行程前の吸気温度を高めて結果的に排気温度を上昇せしめる構成において、前記補助カムによる排気弁リフトを主カムによる吸気弁または排気弁リフトの5〜15%の範囲に設定したことを特徴とするので、ディーゼルエンジンの低速低負荷時においても上記CRTを十分に活性化し得るよう、ディーゼルエンジンの排気温度を高温に維持しうるとともに、低速低負荷時以外におけるエンジン性能を正常に保持しうる装置を提供する効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明ディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置の一実施例を示す構成図
【図2】本発明ディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置に使用される吸気カム、排気カム及び排気補助カムの概略図
【図3】本発明ディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置における弁リフト曲線図
【図4】本発明ディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置における弁リフト曲線図の他の例を示すもの
【符号の説明】
1 多気筒のディーゼルエンジン
2 シリンダヘッド
3 吸気弁
4a 吸気弁用カム(主カム)
4b 排気弁用カム(主カム)
4c 排気補助カム
4 吸気マニホールド
5 タペット
6 プッシュロッド
7 ロッカアーム
8 排気管路
9 CRT
10 De NOxコンバータ。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a catalyst activating means used for the purpose of reducing pollutants from a diesel engine, and more particularly to a device for maintaining a high exhaust gas temperature at a low load of a diesel engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means for dealing with the emission of diesel engines, that is, emission control of nitrogen oxides (NOX), solid emissions or particulate matter (PM), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), etc., a continuous regeneration trap [ It has recently been recognized that the use of a trade name CRT (Continuous Regenerative Trap), which is hereinafter referred to as CRT, is very effective.
[0003]
The CRT selectively discharges NO from the diesel engine and converts the NO into NO2 by an oxidation catalyst, thereby detoxifying HC to H2O and CO2 and CO to CO2, and collecting PM ( The main component is a device that oxidizes C) and emits CO2 and NO.
[0004]
However, the CRT operates only when the reacting exhaust gas temperature is in the range of 260 ° C. to 450 ° C. At other temperatures, the PM in the trap does not burn, and the PM accumulates in the trap to increase the back pressure, Disables engine operation.
In particular, at the time of idling or low-speed low-load operation during traffic congestion, the exhaust temperature of the diesel engine does not reach the above-mentioned 260 ° C., so that the function of the CRT is lost.
[0005]
As means for increasing the exhaust temperature of the diesel engine to activate the function of the CRT even at the time of low-speed low-load operation of the diesel engine, there is Japanese Patent No. 906191 invented by the present inventor. As described in the document, a throttle valve is attached to the intake passage of the diesel engine, and by narrowing it, the amount of air is reduced, the excess air ratio is reduced, the combustion temperature is raised, and the exhaust valve is dying from the intake stroke by the auxiliary cam. By opening near the point, the high-temperature exhaust gas flows back from the exhaust system into the negative pressure cylinder, thereby adiabatically compressing the air in the cylinder to increase the temperature, and the air is mixed with the high-temperature exhaust gas. By doing so, the temperature of the air in the cylinder before the compression stroke is further increased to facilitate the start of the low compression ratio diesel engine.
[0006]
However, as described above, the exhaust valve is opened near the bottom dead center of the intake stroke by the auxiliary cam, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is returned from the exhaust system back into the negative pressure cylinder, thereby adiabatically compressing the air in the cylinder. It has recently been revealed by the present inventor's research that how to set the lift and opening period of the exhaust valve by the auxiliary cam when the temperature is further increased greatly affects the engine performance and the exhaust temperature. became.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to maintain the exhaust temperature of the diesel engine at a high temperature so that the CRT can be sufficiently activated even at a low speed and low load of the diesel engine, and to improve the engine performance at times other than the low speed and low load. An object of the present invention is to provide a device which can be normally held.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to the present invention is configured to open a predetermined opening degree near a bottom dead center of an intake stroke of an exhaust valve of a multi-cylinder diesel engine by an exhaust auxiliary cam, In the configuration in which the exhaust gas raises the intake air temperature before the compression stroke to increase the exhaust gas temperature, the exhaust valve lift by the auxiliary cam is set in a range of 5 to 15% of the intake valve or exhaust valve lift by the main cam. It is characterized by.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the invention, in which an intake valve 3 and an exhaust valve provided in a cylinder head 2 of a diesel engine having a plurality of cylinders (an example in the figure is a V-type multi-cylinder diesel engine showing one bank). (Not shown) is opened and closed via a tappet 5, a push rod 6, and a rocker arm 7 by main cams 4a and 4b of a cam shaft 4 driven through a well-known timing gear from a crank shaft (not shown) of the diesel engine. Is done.
[0010]
Of the main cams, 4a is an intake valve cam and 4b is an exhaust valve cam. The exhaust valve cam 4b is partially provided with an exhaust auxiliary cam 4c as shown in FIG. 2, and the exhaust valve cam 4b exhausts the exhaust valve at the time when the intake valve is closed by the intake valve cam 4a, that is, at the start of the compression stroke. The valve is opened at a predetermined opening, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is caused to flow backward to increase the exhaust gas temperature.
[0011]
Reference numeral 8 denotes an exhaust pipe connected at one end to an exhaust manifold (not shown) of the diesel engine 1, and the CRT 9 and the DeNOx converter 10 are interposed in the exhaust pipe.
[0012]
Valve lift curves of the intake cam 4a, the exhaust valve cam 4b, and the exhaust auxiliary cam 4c, which are the main cams, are set as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in the case of the present invention. In other words, in the order of time, the valve lift curve E by the exhaust valve cam 4b and the valve lift curve I by the intake valve cam 4a have the same lift amount L in this case and overlap each other near the top dead center TDC. I have.
[0013]
The valve lift curve A by the exhaust assist cam 4c in FIG. 3 is set to be near the end of the valve lift curve I. In this case, the lift amount l of the valve lift curve A is in the range of 5 to 15% of the valve lift amount L of the main cam, and is finally determined by an experiment or the like.
[0014]
According to the study of the inventor, when the lift amount l of the valve lift curve A by the exhaust auxiliary cam 4c is set to 16% or more of the valve lift amount L of the main cam, the operation performance of the diesel engine may be deteriorated. Has been confirmed. Further, when the value is less than 5%, the rise to the predetermined exhaust temperature cannot be expected at all. Therefore, as described above, the optimum value is determined experimentally so as to be finally adapted to the diesel engine and the CRT.
[0015]
In the valve lift curve diagram shown in FIG. 4, the valve lift curve A 'of the exhaust auxiliary cam 4c is set such that its end (the right end in the figure) is before the end of the intake valve lift curve. The lifted exhaust valve is seated smoothly. In particular, when the end of the exhaust valve lift curve A 'by the auxiliary cam 4c is set immediately before the bottom dead center (BDC), the influence of the drop of the tappet 5 on the exhaust valve cam 4b can be avoided.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
In the high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to the present invention, the exhaust valve of the multi-cylinder diesel engine is configured to be opened at a predetermined opening near the bottom dead center of the intake stroke by the exhaust auxiliary cam, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the intake valve before the compression stroke. In the configuration in which the exhaust temperature is raised by raising the temperature, the exhaust valve lift by the auxiliary cam is set in the range of 5 to 15% of the intake valve or exhaust valve lift by the main cam. An effect of providing a device capable of maintaining the exhaust temperature of a diesel engine at a high temperature and maintaining normal engine performance except at low speed and low load so that the CRT can be sufficiently activated even at low speed and low load of the engine. There is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is an intake cam, an exhaust cam, and an exhaust auxiliary cam used in the high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a valve lift curve in the high exhaust gas temperature maintaining device of the diesel engine of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a valve lift curve diagram in the high exhaust gas temperature maintaining device of the diesel engine of the present invention. Description】
1 multi-cylinder diesel engine 2 cylinder head 3 intake valve 4a intake valve cam (main cam)
4b Exhaust valve cam (main cam)
4c Exhaust auxiliary cam 4 Intake manifold 5 Tappet 6 Push rod 7 Rocker arm 8 Exhaust line 9 CRT
10 De NOx converter.

Claims (3)

多気筒ディーゼルエンジンの排気弁を排気補助カムにより吸気行程の下死点付近にて所定開度開くように構成し、排気により圧縮行程前の吸気温度を高めて結果的に排気温度を上昇せしめる構成において、前記補助カムによる排気弁リフトを主カムによる吸気弁または排気弁リフトの5〜15%の範囲に設定したことを特徴とするディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置。The exhaust valve of a multi-cylinder diesel engine is configured to be opened at a predetermined opening near the bottom dead center of the intake stroke by an exhaust auxiliary cam, and the exhaust gas is heated by the exhaust gas before the compression stroke to increase the exhaust gas temperature. , Wherein the exhaust valve lift by the auxiliary cam is set in the range of 5 to 15% of the intake valve or exhaust valve lift by the main cam. 前記補助カムによる排気弁リフト曲線の終端を吸気弁リフト曲線の終端より手前に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置。2. The high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the end of the exhaust valve lift curve by the auxiliary cam is set before the end of the intake valve lift curve. 前記補助カムによる排気弁リフト曲線の終端を上死点直前に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載のディーゼルエンジンの高排気温度維持装置。3. The high exhaust temperature maintaining apparatus for a diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein an end of an exhaust valve lift curve by the auxiliary cam is set immediately before a top dead center.
JP2003081995A 2003-03-25 2003-03-25 High exhaust temperature maintaining device for diesel engine Pending JP2004285981A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01134735U (en) * 1988-03-05 1989-09-14
JPH0356861U (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-05-31
JPH06129231A (en) * 1992-10-20 1994-05-10 Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Particulate, method of processing particulate in trap
JP2001098963A (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-10 Toyota Motor Corp Method and device for controlling valve characteristic of internal combustion engine
JP2001107810A (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-17 Hino Motors Ltd Exhaust gas recirculation device for engine with turbosupercharger
JP2001336440A (en) * 2000-05-25 2001-12-07 Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Device for maintaining high temperature exhaust gas at low load with diesel engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01134735U (en) * 1988-03-05 1989-09-14
JPH0356861U (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-05-31
JPH06129231A (en) * 1992-10-20 1994-05-10 Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Particulate, method of processing particulate in trap
JP2001098963A (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-10 Toyota Motor Corp Method and device for controlling valve characteristic of internal combustion engine
JP2001107810A (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-17 Hino Motors Ltd Exhaust gas recirculation device for engine with turbosupercharger
JP2001336440A (en) * 2000-05-25 2001-12-07 Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Device for maintaining high temperature exhaust gas at low load with diesel engine

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