JP2004285705A - Microclimate design building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microclimate design building improving ventilation and heat removal action and reducing the resources energy and electric power consumption by effective use of natural energy. <P>SOLUTION: The microclimate design building T is constituted so as to take air from the outside and discharge it from the second floor or the roof part Y and provided with a plurality of openings (ground window) 10 formed in the first floor, a transom 12 formed at the position separated from the first floor opening(ground window) 10, an air duct 14 provided at the first floor ceiling, and a heat sink tower 15 installed in the roof Y of the building T. An air passage is formed continuously in the transom 12, the air duct 14, and the waste heat tower 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a microclimate design building that makes effective use of microclimate, and more particularly to a microclimate design building excellent in ventilation and exhaust heat.
[0002]
[Background Art]
Conventionally, traditional houses, such as thatched-roofed houses, utilize natural energy to form organically continuous interiors and exteriors. In traditional houses, it has been important to control the natural wind by planting a mansion forest around the building that creates the coolness of winter windbreaks and summer tree transpiration. In addition, in the structure with pillars and beams, such as a traditional private house, the entrance and exit of the wind can be easily secured by providing fittings with large openings, such as sliding doors and wooden doors that can be moved freely. It was possible to guide the wind into the room and spend comfortably.
[0003]
On the other hand, buildings such as houses in recent years have been improved in heat insulation and airtightness in order to spend comfortably in summer and winter. For example, in a unit-type building formed by combining a plurality of building units, there is one in which a structural material forming a framework of the unit-type building is provided with an opening for ventilation (see Patent Document 1). In this unit-type building, in addition to the air from the gaps between the building units, a large amount of air is taken in from the openings provided in the structural materials, so that the ventilation and exhaust heat inside the building are sufficiently performed.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-88199
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a problem in that the interior and exterior of the building are shut off by improving the heat insulation and airtight performance, and only the indoor environment is controlled by equipment that depends on resource energy. As a result, we were able to obtain a comfortable and convenient living environment, but the consumption of household energy has more than doubled in the past 30 years, and this has a great impact on the global environment. I have. In addition, it has been pointed out that the in-vivo environment of a resident is incompatible with the homogeneous indoor environment depending on the equipment, and health problems such as cooling disease have been pointed out.
[0006]
Therefore, it is desirable that the house be able to coexist with the natural environment by effectively utilizing natural energy without compromising comfort and convenience, and by supplementing parts that cannot be supplemented with facility equipment.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a microclimate design building capable of improving ventilation and exhaust heat by effectively utilizing natural energy and reducing resource energy and power consumption.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0008]
A microclimate design building that takes in air from the outside and discharges the air from the upper floor or roof, and is provided at a plurality of openings on the lower floor of the building and at a position away from the lower floor opening Provided, the space between the, the wind tunnel provided on the ceiling of the lower floor, and a heat exhaust tower provided on the roof of the building, the transom, the wind tunnel, and the heat exhaust tower are continuously formed an air flow passage Structure.
[0009]
According to the present invention, by effectively utilizing natural energy, it is possible to improve ventilation and exhaust heat, and to reduce resource energy and power consumption. That is, outside air is taken in from the opening, and the outside air flows into each living room of the building from the transom. In addition, since the transom, the wind tunnel, and the exhaust heat tower form an air flow path continuously, the heat trapped in the room passes through the wind tunnel from the transom, passes through the exhaust heat tower from the wind tunnel by natural convection. Heat is exhausted to the outside. In other words, since the entrance and exit of the wind are provided, residents can obtain a sense of airflow, thereby improving comfort, minimizing the use of equipment such as cooling, and improving the internal environment. It becomes.
[0010]
It is preferable that at least one of the plurality of openings is a ground window, and the ground window and the space have an opening / closing function. When formed in this way, the building is excellent in heat insulation and airtightness, and can be comfortably spent in winter. In other words, by opening the opening (ground window) and the space in summer, it is effective for ventilation and exhaust heat, and in winter, by closing the opening (ground window) and the space, airtightness is secured and heat is released. It is possible to have no structure. In addition, the opening is a ground window installed under the wall, so when opening the ground window to take in outside air, it is a structure that considers privacy without worrying about the outside gaze. ing.
[0011]
It is desirable that the roof be provided with a skylight that allows air and heat from the wind tunnel to be discharged to the outside. When formed in this way, a structure excellent in ventilation and exhaust heat can be obtained. That is, since the hot air rises, it accumulates near the ceiling and becomes a factor of increasing the radiant heat from the upper part, and it is difficult to exhaust heat because convection is also difficult, but by providing the skylight, the hot air can be easily discharged. . Furthermore, even when it is necessary to close the opening due to the use conditions of the living room, etc., it is possible to effectively discharge the heat.
[0012]
It is preferable that the skylight is installed on the north side of the building and includes a heat reflection glass and a light shielding screen. When formed in this way, it is effective for shielding solar radiation. That is, by installing the apparatus on the north side, the influence of solar radiation is minimized, and by providing the heat reflection glass and the light shielding screen, heat storage from the skylight and the skylight to the room can be prevented, and the indoor environment can be improved.
[0013]
It is preferable that the skylight is provided with an opening / closing device for automatically opening and closing the skylight by detecting a change in weather. When formed in this manner, the skylight automatically opens and closes in response to temperature changes and weather changes such as rain and snow, so that it is possible to form a comfortable and comfortable indoor environment.
[0014]
Desirably, an exhaust heat sash is provided on the upper floor wall. When formed in this way, the ventilation and heat dissipation effects are excellent, and privacy can be ensured. That is, the exhaust heat sash is a sash capable of discharging the hot air on the lower floor and the upper floor to the outside, and when the opening provided in the living room cannot be opened due to the use conditions of the living room, etc., the exhaust heat sash is used. Hot air can be exhausted. Further, by providing the exhaust heat sash in a common space such as a staircase or a hall, privacy can be ensured even when the sash is opened.
[0015]
It is desirable that the direction in which the opening is located corresponds to the main wind direction in summer in the area where the building is built. In this case, ventilation and exhaust heat can be effectively performed. That is, winds vary according to the local climatic characteristics. Therefore, by making the opening correspond to the main wind direction of the area where the building is built, it is possible to effectively take in the wind from the opening into the living room.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a house according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first floor of the house.
In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the present invention is applied to a two-story house, and the southern Kanto region is taken as an example of a building area.
[0017]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, this house T serves as both an office and a house, and an entrance 2 and an office room 3 are provided on the north side of the entrance 1. The east side is a living space, which is composed of a living room 4, a dining room 5, a kitchen 6, a nook 7, and other necessary water-circulating facilities.
[0018]
A plurality of sashes 9 are provided on the south side of the living room 4, and a sun room 8 is provided outside the sash 9. Since the floor of the sunroom 8 is formed between the heat storage soils that can store solar heat, the heat is radiated at night, which is effective in reducing the power consumption in winter. Further, since a blind shutter (not shown) for opening and closing the sash 9 is provided outside the sash 9, the insulation is excellent in winter and the privacy and crime prevention are considered.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A and 4B, sashes 10b are installed in parallel on the east side of the dining room 5, and ground windows (openings) 10 are installed below the sashes 10b. . In addition, a space 12 is provided above a door 11 which is installed at a position away from the sash 10b and the ground window 10 and serves as an entrance and exit of the dining 5. The positional relationship between the ground window 10 and the space 12 is on a diagonal line, and the ground window 10 is provided with a sliding window 13 that can be opened and closed. Further, a rotatable opening / closing door is provided in the space 12.
[0020]
Therefore, it is possible to adopt a structure in which outside air is taken in from the ground window 10 and the outside air flows into each living room of the building from the transom 12. In addition, the building is excellent in heat insulation and airtightness, and can be spent comfortably in winter. That is, by opening the ground window 10 and the space 12 in summer, it is effective for ventilation and exhaust heat, and by closing the window 10 and the space 12 in winter, airtightness is ensured and heat is not released. It becomes possible. Furthermore, since the ground window 10 is installed below the wall, the privacy is taken into account when the ground window 10 is opened to take in the outside air without worrying about the outside gaze. I have.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 5, a wind tunnel 14 is provided on the ceiling of the living room 4. The wind tunnel 14 has a structure in which an opening 14b is formed so that air passes through the first floor to the second floor in the vertical direction, and the air is exhausted from the exhaust heat tower 15 to the outside. In other words, in the house T, the outside air taken in from the ground window 10 passes through the space 12, flows into the room such as the living room 4, and is continuously circulated through the wind tunnel 14 to the outside from the exhaust heat tower 15. A road is formed.
[0022]
Therefore, by effectively utilizing the natural energy, it is possible to improve the ventilation and the exhaust heat action, and to reduce the resource energy and the electric power consumption. In addition, since the entrance and exit of the wind are provided, residents can obtain a sense of airflow, improving comfort, minimizing the use of equipment such as cooling, and improving the internal environment. It will be good.
[0023]
FIG. 6 shows the structure of the exhaust heat tower 15. The exhaust heat tower 15 is installed so as to protrude from the roof Y of the house T, and has an air intake port 16 and two air exhaust ports 17. The air intake port 16 can take in the air from the wind tunnel 14 into the exhaust heat tower 15, and can discharge the air from the air exhaust port 17 to the outside. That is, since the hot air in the living room has a property of rising from the bottom to the top, the indoor environment can be favorably maintained by providing the exhaust heat tower 15. In addition, a smoke exhaust sash (not shown) is provided in the air intake port 16 so that airtightness in winter can be considered.
[0024]
Next, the second floor of the house T will be described with reference to FIGS. On the west side of the second floor of the unit house T, a bedroom 30, a powder room 31, a bathroom 32, a sanitary 33, and a balcony B1 are provided adjacent to the north side of the sanitary 33. A staircase F, a library 34 and a children's room 35 are provided adjacent to them, and a private room 36, a washroom 37, and a sales office 38 are provided on the east side. Balconies B2 and B3 are installed on the east side of the toilet 37 and on the south side of the library 34, respectively. Although not shown, the door of each living room (bedroom 30, library 34, private room 36, and sales office 38) has the same structure as the door 11 of the dining room 5, and a space 12 is provided at the top.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 8, a part of the ceiling of the library 34 is formed by an atrium, and a top light (skylight) 18 is installed on the roof Y. The top light 18 is installed on the north side of the house T, and includes a heat reflection glass 19 and a light shielding screen (not shown). Therefore, a structure excellent in ventilation and exhaust heat can be obtained. In other words, the hot air rises, which is a factor that increases near the ceiling and increases the radiant heat from the upper part, and it is difficult to exhaust heat because convection is also difficult. However, by providing the top light 18, the hot air can be easily exhausted. It becomes. Furthermore, even when it is necessary to close the window depending on the use conditions of the living room, the heat can be effectively exhausted. Further, since the heat reflection glass 19 and the light-shielding screen (not shown) are provided, it is possible to prevent heat from being stored in the top light 18 and the living room, and to effectively perform solar shading.
[0026]
The top light 18 includes an opening / closing device 20 that detects a change in weather and automatically opens and closes the top light 18. Therefore, since the top light 18 automatically opens and closes in response to temperature changes and weather changes such as rain and snow, it is possible to form a comfortable and comfortable indoor environment.
[0027]
Further, an exhaust heat sash 22 is provided on a wall 21 above the stairs F. The heat-dissipating sash 22 has an opening provided with a heat-shielding glass 23 capable of blocking heat. Therefore, the ventilation and heat exhaust effects are excellent, and privacy can be secured. In other words, the exhaust heat sash can discharge the hot air on the first and second floors to the outside, and when the opening provided in the room, for example, the space 12 cannot be opened due to the use conditions of the room, etc. Hot air can be exhausted from 22. Further, since the exhaust heat sash 22 is provided above the stairs F which is a common space, privacy can be easily ensured even when the exhaust heat sash 22 is opened.
[0028]
The structure of the above-mentioned house T may be any of a wooden house, a steel-frame house, a reinforced concrete house, and the like, in addition to the wood-based and steel-frame panel construction method and the unit house.
[0029]
In this embodiment, the location of the ground window 10 corresponds to the main wind direction in summer in the area where the house T is built (southern Kanto). Since the main wind direction in the southern part of the Kanto region in the summer is south-southeast, ventilation and exhaust heat can be performed more effectively by installing the ground window 10 on the east side. However, when building in another area, the ground window 10 will be installed corresponding to the main wind direction in the summer of that area.
[0030]
Further, as the ventilation and heat exhaust structure of the above-described house T, a ground window 10, a transom 12, a wind tunnel 14, a heat exhaust tower 15, a top light 18, and a heat exhaust sash 22 are provided, but not all of them. Can also promote ventilation and heat removal effects. For example, one of the exhaust heat tower 15 and the top light 18 may be provided. Further, as for the exhaust heat sash 22 and the top light, the same effect can be obtained even when the space 12 is not provided by opening the door of each living room. However, by adopting the configuration as in the above-described embodiment, more excellent effects are promoted.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by effectively utilizing natural energy, it is possible to improve ventilation and exhaust heat, and to reduce resource energy and power consumption.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a house T according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first floor of a house T according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing a structure of a ground window 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view (a) and a front view (b) showing a structure of a column 12 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a structure of a wind tunnel 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a structure of a heat removal tower 15 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the second floor of the house T according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing a structure of a top light 18 and a heat exhaust sash 22 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Entrance 2 Entrance 3 Office room 4 Living 5 Dining 6 Kitchen 7 Nook 8 Sunroom 9, 10b Sash 10 Ground window 11 Door 12 Spam 13 Sliding window 14 Wind tunnel 14b Opening 15 Heat exhaust tower 16 Air intake 17 Air outlet 18 Top Light 19 Heat Reflective Glass 20 Switchgear 21 Wall 22 Exhaust Heat Sash 23 Heat Insulating Glass 30 Bedroom 31 Powder Room 32 Bathroom 33 Sanitary 34 Library 35 Children's Room 36 Private Room 37 Washroom 38 Sales Office B1, B2, B3 Balcony F Stairs T House Y Roof

Claims (7)

A microclimate design building that takes in air from the outside and discharges the air from an upper floor or a roof, and a plurality of openings provided on the lower floor of the building, and separated from the opening on the lower floor. A transom provided at a position, a wind tunnel provided on the ceiling of the lower floor, and a heat exhaust tower provided on the roof of the building,
The microclimate design building, wherein the transom, the wind tunnel, and the exhaust heat tower form an air passage continuously. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of openings is a ground window, and the ground window and the transom have an opening / closing function. 3. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein a skylight that allows air and heat from a wind tunnel to be discharged to the outside is provided on the roof portion. 4. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein the skylight is provided on a north side of the building, and includes a heat reflection glass and a light shielding screen. 5. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein the skylight includes an opening / closing device that detects a change in weather and automatically opens and closes the skylight. 6. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust heat sash is provided on the upper floor wall. The microclimate design building according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the opening is located corresponds to a main wind direction in summer in a region where the building is constructed.

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