JP4695486B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building provided with an exhaust facility having a continuous exhaust path from a lower floor to an upper floor when warm air accumulated near the ceiling of a plurality of rooms is discharged to the outside.

  In recent years, with the development of air conditioning equipment, air conditioning equipment is used for air conditioning. Therefore, in a building such as a house, in order to enhance the air conditioning effect, to prevent indoor and outdoor air from entering and exiting, to prevent indoor heat from leaking to the outside, and to reduce energy loss in the air conditioning inside the building Highly airtight and highly heat-insulated buildings with high indoor airtightness and heat insulation are used.

Such a highly air-tight and highly heat-insulated building is required to be sufficiently ventilated because it blocks air from entering and exiting indoors and outdoors. Therefore, in order to ventilate a highly airtight and highly insulated building, a central ventilator that collectively ventilates a plurality of partitioned spaces such as a room in the building is used (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-344253

  However, when such a ventilator is used, there is a problem that the installation of the ventilator is costly and a lot of energy is consumed. Therefore, especially in the season when the weather is good, such as spring and autumn, open the windows and doors of each room to introduce outside air into the building and replace it with the air inside the building without using the ventilation device as described above. Equally, natural ventilation is performed.

  However, just opening the windows and doors in each room would cause warm air to accumulate near the ceiling of each room, making it difficult to ventilate efficiently. The development of a technology that can do this has been desired.

  The subject of this invention aims at providing the building which can perform natural ventilation efficiently.

In the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the warm air accumulated near the ceilings of a plurality of rooms is discharged to the outside, the air flows continuously from the lower floor 10 toward the upper floor 30. In the building A provided with the exhaust facility 1 having the exhaust path,
The exhaust system 1 is provided in the ceiling portion 11a of the room on the lower floor 10, and the upper end is provided in the wind tunnel portion 2 communicating with the ceiling portion 31a of the room on the upper floor 30 and the ceiling portion 31a of the room on the upper floor 30. And an exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside.
The room on the lower floor 10 is provided with a lower end portion of the wind tunnel portion 2 and is adjacent to the first room 11 having the highest ceiling height among the rooms on the lower floor 10 and the first room 11. A second room 12 having a lower ceiling height than that of the room 11, and the room on the upper floor 30 is located in the upper part of the second room 12, and the third room 31 is provided with the lower end of the exhaust tower 3. equipped with a,
The warm air generated in each room on the lower floor 10 (for example, the first room 11 and the second room 12) is set so as to collect and collect in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11a of the first room 11. To do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the room on the lower floor 10 includes the first room 11 and the second room 12 having a lower ceiling height than the first room 11. The warm air in the first room 11 and the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 12a of the second room 12 gradually gather and accumulate in the first room 11 having a high ceiling height.
And since the wind tunnel part 2 whose upper end part communicates with the ceiling part 31a of the third room 31 of the upper floor 30 is provided in the ceiling part 11a of the first room 11, the lower end of the wind tunnel part 2 The warm air accumulated near the ceiling portion 11a of the first room 11 can be exhausted from the section to the ceiling portion 31a of the third room 31 through the wind tunnel portion 2.
Further, the warm air in the third room 31 and the warm air exhausted from the lower floor 10 gradually accumulate in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31.
The exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside is provided in the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31, so that the vicinity of the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31 from the lower end of the exhaust tower 3. It becomes possible to exhaust the warm air accumulated in the outside to the outside through the exhaust tower 3. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

The invention according to claim 2 is, for example, in the building A according to claim 1, as shown in FIG.
The wind tunnel portion 2 is provided below the exhaust tower 3 through a ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since the wind tunnel portion 2 is provided below the exhaust tower 3 through the ceiling portion 31 a of the third chamber 31, the wind tunnel portion 2 is connected to the exhaust tower 3. As a result, it is possible to secure a continuous exhaust path to the outside. That is, the warm air accumulated in the ceiling part 11a of the first room 11 is easily exhausted toward the upper third room 31, and the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling part 31a of the third room 31 is released to the outside. Since it becomes easy to exhaust, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

The invention according to claim 3 is, for example, in the building A according to claim 1 or 2, as shown in FIG.
An opening 2 a is provided between the ceiling 11 a of the first room 11 and the lower end of the wind tunnel 2, and an opening is formed between the ceiling 31 a of the third room 31 and the lower end of the exhaust tower 3. A portion 3a is provided.

  According to invention of Claim 3, the opening part 2a is provided between the ceiling part 11a of the said 1st room 11, and the lower end part of the said wind tunnel part 2, and the ceiling part 31a of the said 3rd room 31 and the said Since the opening 3 a is provided between the lower end of the exhaust tower 3, the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling 11 a of the first room 11 can be reliably exhausted to the wind tunnel 2. The warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31 can be reliably exhausted to the exhaust tower 3. That is, it is possible to secure an exhaust path that opens from the wind tunnel portion 2 to the exhaust tower 3 and then to the outside, so that natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

The invention according to claim 4 is, for example, in the building A according to claim 3 as shown in FIG.
The opening 3a provided between the ceiling 31a of the third chamber 31 and the lower end of the exhaust tower 3 is provided with an opening / closing member 3b for opening and closing the opening 3a. .

According to the invention described in claim 4, since the opening / closing member 3b for opening and closing the opening 3a is provided, when the opening 3a is opened, the exhaust path is opened and natural ventilation is efficiently performed. If the opening 3a is closed, the exhaust path is closed and the airtightness in the building A can be improved.
That is, for example, in summer, by opening the opening 3a, warm air in the building A can be efficiently exhausted, and in winter, the opening 3a is closed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the warm air in the building A from being escaped, so that it is possible to improve the comfortability.
In addition, warm air can be efficiently exhausted in summer as described above, and warm air in the building A can be prevented from escaping in winter. Such costs can be suppressed, and much energy consumption can be suppressed.

The invention according to claim 5 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the building A according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A fourth room 32 is provided at the top of the first room 11 and adjacent to the third room 31, and the ceiling part 32 a of the fourth room 32 is a ceiling part 31 a of the third room 31. It is characterized by being provided at a slightly lower position.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the ceiling portion 32a of the fourth room 32 is provided at a position slightly lower than the ceiling portion 31a of the third room 31, the ceiling portion 32a of the fourth room 32 is provided. The warm air collected in the vicinity gradually accumulates in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31.
The exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside is provided in the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31, so that the vicinity of the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31 from the lower end of the exhaust tower 3. It becomes possible to exhaust the warm air accumulated in the outside to the outside through the exhaust tower 3. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

According to the present invention, since a continuous exhaust path can be secured from the wind tunnel through the exhaust tower to the outside, the warm room of the lower floor accumulated near the ceiling of the first room having a high ceiling height. Air can be exhausted to the third room on the upper floor through the wind tunnel, and the warm air in the lower floor room and the room on the upper floor accumulated near the ceiling of the third room with a high ceiling height. Warm air can be exhausted to the outside through the exhaust tower. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.
In addition, it is possible to efficiently exhaust warm air in the summer, and to prevent the warm air in the building from escaping in the winter. In addition, a large amount of energy consumption can be suppressed.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a building A according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the building A of the present embodiment is constructed by a panel method in which building components such as walls, floors, and roofs are panelized in advance in the factory, and these panels are assembled and constructed at the construction site. The present invention can also be applied to buildings such as wooden structures, steel structures, reinforced concrete structures, etc., which are conventional shaft construction methods and wall construction methods.

As shown in FIG. 1, the building A of the present embodiment has a continuous exhaust path from the lower floor 10 to the upper floor 30 when discharging warm air accumulated near the ceilings of a plurality of rooms to the outside. An exhaust system 1 having
The exhaust system 1 is provided in the ceiling portion 11a of the room on the lower floor 10, and the upper end is provided in the wind tunnel portion 2 communicating with the ceiling portion 31a of the room on the upper floor 30 and the ceiling portion 31a of the room on the upper floor 30. And an exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside.
The room on the lower floor 10 includes a first room 11 provided with a lower end portion of the wind tunnel part 2 and a second room 12 adjacent to the first room 11 and having a lower ceiling height than the first room 11. The room of the upper floor 30 includes a third room 31 that is located above the second room 12 and in which the lower end of the exhaust tower 3 is provided.

  Here, the floor plan of the building A of the present embodiment will be described in detail. The building A of the present embodiment includes a first floor 10 including the first room 11 and the second room 12, a second floor 30 including the third room 31, and the first floor 10 and the second floor 30. And an intermediate floor 20 located in the middle of.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the first floor 10 of the building A according to the present embodiment includes, in addition to the first room 11 and the second room 12, an entrance porch 13a, an entrance soil 13b, an entrance hall 13c, and a shoe closet. The entrance 13 such as 13d, the small room 14, the bathroom 15 such as the washroom 15a, the first floor toilet 15b, the bathroom 15c, and the sunroom 16 are provided.

  Further, a low ceiling room 17 is provided adjacent to the first room 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the low ceiling room 17 is provided with an intermediate floor 20a on the floor 10a of the first floor 10, and points to a space between the intermediate floor 20a and the floor 10a of the first floor 10. Yes.

The low ceiling chamber 17 has a ceiling height of 0.9 m to 1.4 m, and is a storage space for storing various things.
In this way, by setting the ceiling height of the low ceiling room 17 to 0.9 m to 1.4 m, the minimum height at which the resident can enter the low ceiling room 17 and work can be secured. In this way, by suppressing the ceiling height to the minimum necessary level, the height of the building A is increased, so that the influence of the sunshine phenomenon and the like on the adjacent building can be reduced as much as possible.
Moreover, the entrance / exit 17a of the said low ceiling room 17 is provided facing the said 1st room 11, and it is easy to accommodate articles | goods.

  On the other hand, the first room 11 is a living room, and the second room 12 has a dining room and a kitchen. That is, the first room 11 and the second room 12 are shared living spaces where residents gather.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the first room 11 has a ceiling height higher than that of the second room 12, and is a room having an atrium extending from the lower floor 10 to the intermediate floor 20.
In addition, there is a height difference in the ceiling height between the first room 11 and the second room 12, and there is a height difference in the ceiling height between the first room 11 and the other rooms on the first floor 10. The warm air in the room on the first floor 10 gradually gathers and accumulates in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11a of the first room 11 having a high ceiling height.
As a result, the wind tunnel portion 2 whose upper end portion communicates with the ceiling portion 31a of the third chamber 31 is provided in the ceiling portion 11a of the first chamber 11, so that the first tunnel 11 Warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11 a of the room 11 can be exhausted to the ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31 through the wind tunnel portion 2.

  A staircase 18 is provided adjacent to the low ceiling room 17 and facing the first room 11 and the second room 12 toward the upper floor 30 including the intermediate floor 20. In addition, by providing the staircase 18 in the shared living space of the first room 11 and the second room 12 in this way, the shared living space must be provided when going to and from the entrance 13 and the upper floor 30. Because it passes, it is possible to easily get communication opportunities among residents.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate floor 20 of the building A according to the present embodiment is provided with a Japanese-style room 22 facing a landing 21 that goes up the stairs 18 halfway. Further, when the stairs 23 are further elevated from the landing 21, there is a stairs hall 24, and a plurality of rooms are provided around the stairs hall 24.

  Among these rooms, an intermediate floor low ceiling room 25 is provided adjacent to the stairs 23. Similarly to the low ceiling room 17, the intermediate floor low ceiling room 25 has a ceiling height of 0.9 m to 1.4 m, and is a storage space for storing various things.

  A Western room 26 is provided adjacent to the intermediate floor low ceiling room 25, and a balcony 27 is provided outside the Western room 26.

  Further, the third room 31 is provided at a position that is accessible through the western room 26 and the balcony 27 and is adjacent to the intermediate floor low ceiling room 25 through the staircase hall 24. As shown in FIG. 1, the third room 31 is a room with a high ceiling that includes an atrium and extends between the intermediate floor 20 and the upper floor 30. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the third room 31 is provided with a staircase 31b that leads to a fourth room to be described later.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper floor 30 of the building A according to the present embodiment is provided with a staircase hall 34 at a place where the staircase 33 is raised from the staircase hall 24. Also, a second-floor toilet 35 is provided facing this staircase hall 34.

  In addition, a western room 36 provided with an entrance 36a facing the staircase hall 34 is provided above the intermediate floor low ceiling room 25, and the western room 36 includes a loft portion 36b.

  On the other hand, the fourth room 32 provided with an entrance 32b at a position facing the western room 36 is provided so as to be located above the first room 11. Further, as described above, the fourth room 32 is provided so as to be adjacent to the third room 31 through the stairs 31b. The fourth room 32 is located not only above the first room 11 but also above the Japanese room 22 on the intermediate floor 20, and a closet 32c is provided above the Japanese room 22. It has been.

Further, the ceiling part 32 a of the fourth room 32 is provided at a position slightly lower than the ceiling part 31 a of the third room 31. Further, the other rooms of the intermediate floor 20 and the upper floor 30 are also provided at a position where the ceiling portion is lower than the third room 31. As a result, warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling of the fourth room 32 and each of the intermediate floor 20 and the upper floor 30 gradually accumulates in the vicinity of the ceiling 31 a of the third room 31.
The exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside is provided in the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31, so that the vicinity of the ceiling 31 a of the third chamber 31 from the lower end of the exhaust tower 3. It becomes possible to exhaust the warm air accumulated in the outside to the outside through the exhaust tower 3. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

As described above, the building A of the present embodiment includes the first floor 10 including a plurality of rooms including the first room 11 and the second room 12, and a plurality of rooms including the third room 31. The second floor 30 is provided between the first floor 10 and the second floor 30, and the intermediate floor 20 is provided with a plurality of rooms.
Next, the exhaust equipment 1 including the wind tunnel portion 2 and the exhaust tower 3 installed in the building A will be described in detail.

  That is, the exhaust system 1 is provided in the ceiling part 11 a of the first room 11, and the upper end part communicates with the ceiling part 31 a of the third room 31, and the ceiling part 31 a of the third room 31. And an exhaust tower 3 whose upper end communicates with the outside.

Here, as the positional relationship between the wind tunnel portion 2 and the exhaust tower 3, as shown in FIG. 1, the wind tunnel portion 2 is provided below the exhaust tower 3 via the ceiling portion 31a of the third chamber 31. It is in the state that was.
As a result, it is possible to secure a continuous exhaust path from the wind tunnel portion 2 to the exhaust tower 3 and further to the outside. That is, the warm air accumulated in the ceiling part 11a of the first room 11 is easily exhausted toward the upper third room 31, and the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling part 31a of the third room 31 is released to the outside. Since it becomes easy to exhaust, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wind tunnel portion 2 has a lower end portion provided in the ceiling portion 11 a of the first room 11, and the main body portion is located in the third room 31 as shown in FIG. 4. It is provided adjacent to the staircase 31b. And the upper end part is connected to the ceiling part 31a of the said 3rd room 31, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust tower 3 has a lower end portion provided in the ceiling portion 31 a of the third chamber 31, and the main body portion passes through the back of the hut. And the upper end part protrudes from the roof 40, and has become the state connected to the exterior.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable to provide an outer wall 3c around the exhaust tower 3 to prevent air from entering the building A from the outside.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an opening 2a for circulating air is provided between the ceiling 11a of the first chamber 11 and the lower end of the wind tunnel 2, and the first An opening 3 a for circulating air is also provided between the ceiling 31 a of the three rooms 31 and the lower end of the exhaust tower 3.
Thus, by providing the openings 2a and 3a, respectively, the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11a of the first room 11 can be surely exhausted to the wind tunnel portion 2, and the third room Since the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling 31a of the 31 can be reliably exhausted to the exhaust tower 3, an exhaust path opened from the wind tunnel portion 2 to the exhaust tower 3 and then to the outside is secured. It is possible to perform natural ventilation efficiently.

Moreover, the opening 3a provided between the ceiling 31a of the third chamber 31 and the lower end of the exhaust tower 3 is provided with an opening / closing member 3b for opening and closing the opening 3a. Yes.
By providing the opening / closing member 3b for opening and closing the opening 3a in this way, when the opening 3a is opened, the exhaust path is opened and natural ventilation can be efficiently performed, and the opening When 3a is closed, the exhaust path is closed and the airtightness in the building A can be improved.
That is, for example, in summer, by opening the opening 3a, warm air in the building A can be efficiently exhausted, and in winter, the opening 3a is closed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the warm air in the building A from being escaped, so that it is possible to improve the comfortability.
In addition, warm air can be efficiently exhausted in summer as described above, and warm air in the building A can be prevented from escaping in winter. Such costs can be suppressed, and more energy consumption can be suppressed.

  As the opening / closing member 3b, for example, an opening / closing member 3b having various forms such as a door shape or a shutter shape is conceivable. However, the opening / closing member 3b may be appropriately selected without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say, it can be changed.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the flow of natural ventilation by the building A of this embodiment is such that the warm air generated in each room on the first floor 10 has the highest ceiling on the first floor 10. The high first chamber 11 gathers and collects in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11a. This takes advantage of the nature of warm air rising to higher places.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the low ceiling room 17 on the first floor 10 is provided with a window that communicates with the outside at a relatively low position, such as a ground window 17 b, to help warm air rise. It is like that. That is, since external air flows in from a low position, air warmer than the external air rises to a higher position. As a result, natural ventilation can be performed more efficiently.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11 a of the first room 11 flows through the wind tunnel portion 2 and the third room 31.
In the third room 31, not only the warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 11 a of the first room 11 but also the rooms on the intermediate floor 20 and the second floor 30 are gathered. That is, the third room 31 has the highest ceiling on the intermediate floor 20 and the second floor 30.

  The warm air accumulated in the vicinity of the ceiling portion 31 a of the third room 31 is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust tower 3. In this way, the flow of natural ventilation by the building A of the present embodiment is performed smoothly.

In addition, as a method of promoting natural ventilation, open windows on each floor, or as a method of assisting natural ventilation, shield solar radiation by installing relatively deep eaves, or release solar heat to the outside air Various methods such as using a ventilation tile roof can be performed.
Even in winter, it is possible to take countermeasures against the cold by various methods such as actively taking in solar heat from the sunroom 16 and improving the airtightness and heat insulation of the building A.

  The floor plan of the building A of the present embodiment is configured as described above. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that the floor plan can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, a continuous exhaust path can be ensured from the wind tunnel portion 2 through the exhaust tower 3 to the outside, so the ceiling portion of the first room 11 having a high ceiling height. It becomes possible to exhaust the warm air of the room of the lower floor 10 collected near 11a to the third room 31 of the upper floor 30 through the wind tunnel part 2, and the ceiling part 31a of the third room 31 having a high ceiling height. The warm air in the room on the lower floor 10 and the warm air in the room on the upper floor 30 accumulated in the vicinity can be exhausted to the outside through the exhaust tower 3. Therefore, natural ventilation can be performed efficiently.
In addition, since warm air can be efficiently exhausted in the summer, and the warm air in the building A can be prevented from escaping in the winter, the costs associated with air conditioners, ventilators, and the like can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to reduce energy consumption.

It is sectional drawing which shows the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the floor plan of the 1st floor of the building of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the building seen from the direction different from FIG. It is a top view which shows the intermediate floor floor plan of the building of FIG. It is a top view which shows the 2nd floor layout of the building of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

A Building 1 Exhaust equipment 2 Wind tunnel 3 Exhaust tower 10 Lower floor (1st floor)
11 1st room 12 2nd room 20 Middle floor 30 Upper floor (2nd floor)
31 3rd room 32 4th room

Claims (5)

When exhausting warm air that accumulates near the ceiling of multiple rooms to the outside, in buildings with exhaust facilities that have a continuous exhaust path from the lower floor to the upper floor,
The exhaust system is provided in a ceiling part of a lower floor room, and an upper end part is provided in a ceiling part of the upper floor room and a wind tunnel part communicating with the ceiling part of the upper floor room, and an upper end part communicates with the outside. An exhaust tower that
The room on the lower floor is provided with a lower end portion of the wind tunnel portion, and among the rooms on the lower floor, the first room having the highest ceiling height , the adjacent to the first room, and the ceiling height higher than that of the first room. A lower second room, and the upper floor room has a third room located above the second room and provided with a lower end of the exhaust tower ,
The building is characterized in that warm air generated in each room on the lower floor is set so as to collect and collect near the ceiling of the first room . In the building according to claim 1,
The building, wherein the wind tunnel is provided below the exhaust tower through a ceiling of the third room. In the building according to claim 1 or 2,
An opening is provided between the ceiling of the first room and the lower end of the wind tunnel, and an opening is provided between the ceiling of the third room and the lower end of the exhaust tower. Building characterized by. In the building according to claim 3,
The building provided with the opening-and-closing member which opens and closes this opening part in the opening part provided between the ceiling part of the said 3rd room, and the lower end part of the said exhaust tower. In the building as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
A fourth room is provided at the top of the first room and adjacent to the third room, and the ceiling of the fourth room is provided at a position slightly lower than the ceiling of the third room. Building characterized by being.