JP2004275091A - Method for producing fermented malt beverage and active carbon for removing purines from fermented malt beverage - Google Patents

Method for producing fermented malt beverage and active carbon for removing purines from fermented malt beverage Download PDF

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JP2004275091A
JP2004275091A JP2003071780A JP2003071780A JP2004275091A JP 2004275091 A JP2004275091 A JP 2004275091A JP 2003071780 A JP2003071780 A JP 2003071780A JP 2003071780 A JP2003071780 A JP 2003071780A JP 2004275091 A JP2004275091 A JP 2004275091A
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activated carbon
fermented malt
malt beverage
purine
beer
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JP4073342B2 (en
Inventor
Takeshi Fujimoto
健 藤本
Takuya Hatanaka
拓也 畑中
Koichiro Takahashi
浩一郎 高橋
Kotaro Hamada
晃太郎 浜田
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Asahi Breweries Ltd
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Asahi Breweries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a fermented malt beverage through removing purines without excessively removing proteins or the like as a flavor component or the like for the beverage. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the fermented malt beverage includes the step of removing purines therein using active carbon having ≥1,000 m<SP>2</SP>/g specific surface area and ≤2 nm mean pore size. The active carbon for removing purines in the fermented malt beverage, having the above-mentioned characteristics is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ビールや発泡酒などの発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を除去することを含む発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法及び発酵麦芽飲料のプリン体を除去するための前記活性炭の使用に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ビールや発泡酒等の発酵麦芽飲料においては、消費者の嗜好の多様化にともない、多種多様の商品が上市されている。さらに、近年の消費者の健康志向から、発酵麦芽飲料における糖やカロリー量、さらにはプリン体量への関心が高まっている。中でもプリン体は肝臓で代謝されて尿酸となるが、血液中の尿酸値が一定値以上となると高尿酸血症になり、さらに結晶化した尿酸が関節にたまると痛風になる。このようなことから、従来のビール等が有する旨味等を保持した、低糖・低カロリー量である発酵麦芽飲料に加えて、低プリン体量である発酵麦芽飲料に対する消費者の期待が高まっている。
プリン体の除去に関しては、活性炭を用いてプリン体を除去する方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献1及び2参照。)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開昭59−104383号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭59−104400号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、醸造用に用いられている活性炭を使用して発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を除去した場合には、プリン体と共に、発酵麦芽飲料の味や香気に関与する成分等(以下、「香味成分等」という。)である蛋白質等も過剰に除去してしまうという問題点があることがわかった。
従って、本発明は、発酵麦芽飲料の香味成分等である蛋白質等を過剰に除去することなく、プリン体を除去する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題点に関して、本発明者らが鋭意検討した結果、活性炭の比表面積及び平均細孔直径が、プリン体や蛋白質等の除去性能に影響を与えることがわかった。本発明は、上記知見に基づいて完成されたものである。
すなわち、本発明は、比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下である活性炭を用いて、発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を除去する工程を含むことを特徴とする発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法を提供する。
また、本発明は、比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下であることを特徴とする発酵麦芽飲料のプリン体除去用活性炭を提供する。
さらに、本発明は、比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下である活性炭を用いてプリン体を除去した発酵麦芽飲料を提供する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、「発酵麦芽飲料」とは、麦芽のみ、又は麦芽と他の澱粉原料により発酵原料液を生成し、この原料液を酵母により発酵させて生成した飲料をいい、ビール、発泡酒等を含むものである。
また、本発明において、「プリン体」には、遊離プリン塩基、プリンヌクレオチド、プリンヌクレオシド及び高分子核酸が含まれる。プリン塩基とは、プリン(9H−イミダゾ〔4,5−d〕ピリミジン)の誘導体の総称であり、アデニン、キサンチン、グアニン等が含まれる。プリンヌクレオチドとは、プリンヌクレオシドの糖部分がリン酸とエステルを作っている化合物の総称であり、アデニル酸、イノシン酸、グアニル酸等が含まれる。プリンヌクレオシドとは、プリン塩基と糖の還元基とがN−グリコシド結合した配糖体化合物の総称であり、アデノシン、イノシン、グアノシン等が含まれる。
【0007】
本発明の発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法においては、比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下である活性炭を用いて、発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を除去する。活性炭の比表面積が上記範囲であれば、発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を効率よく除去することができる。また、活性炭の平均細孔直径が上記範囲であれば、発酵麦芽飲料の旨味成分等である蛋白質等を過剰に除去することなく、従って発酵麦芽飲料の香味のバランスを保持しつつ、プリン体を除去することができる。特に、本発明では、活性炭の比表面積は、好ましくは1300〜2500m/gであり、より好ましくは1500〜1900m/gである。また、活性炭の平均細孔直径は、好ましくは1.5〜1.9nmであり、より好ましくは1.7〜1.95nmである。このような活性炭は、LPN36やLPN37として武田薬品工業から入手できる。
ここで、活性炭の比表面積は、例えば窒素ガス吸着等温線からBET式(慶伊富長:吸着、第95〜113頁(1967)、共立出版)により計算される。また、平均細孔直径は、細孔を円筒形と仮定することによって、次式から求めることができる。
【0008】
【数1】
平均細孔直径=4×(細孔容積)/(比表面積)
なお、細孔容積は、例えば水銀圧入法、窒素ガス吸着法(慶伊富長:吸着、第95〜113頁(1967)、共立出版)などの方法によって測定される。
【0009】
本発明の発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法においては、発酵麦芽飲料を前記活性炭に接触させることによってプリン体を除去する。発酵麦芽飲料の製造工程は、通常行われている製造工程であれば、いずれの工程であってもよい。具体的には、以下の工程が挙げられる。
本発明の発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法について図3を参照して説明する。主原料である麦芽の粉砕物の一部及び澱粉質の副原料の全部又は一部を仕込釜に入れ、温水を加えてこれらの原料を混合して液化を行い、マイシェを作る。この操作は通常、開始時の液温を50℃程度とし、徐々に昇温して所定温度(通常は65〜68℃)とした後、該温度に所定時間(通常は10分間程度)保持し、更に昇温して段階的に所定の温度(通常は90〜100℃)まで液温を高め、この温度に20分程度保持する。一方、仕込槽では、残りの麦芽粉砕物に温水を加えて混合し、所定温度(通常は35〜50℃)で所定時間(通常は20〜90分間程度)保持してマイシェを作った後、これに前記仕込釜のマイシェを仕込槽中のマイシェに加えて合一する。次に、このマイシェを仕込槽中において所定温度(通常は60〜68℃)で所定時間(通常は30〜90分間程度)保持して麦芽中に含まれる酵素あるいは添加した酵素の作用による糖化を行う。糖化工程終了後、麦汁濾過槽で濾過を行い、濾液としての透明な麦汁を得る。
次いで、この麦汁を煮沸釜に移し、ホップを加えて煮沸する。煮沸した麦汁をワールプールと称する槽に入れて、沈殿により生じた蛋白質等の粕を除去する。次いで、プレートクーラーにより適切な発酵温度(通常は8〜10℃)まで冷却してから発酵タンクに移す。発酵タンクに冷麦汁を入れ、該冷麦汁に酵母を接種して発酵を行う。次いで、得られた発酵液を熟成(後発酵)させた後、濾過により酵母及び蛋白質を除去して目的の発酵麦芽飲料を得ることができる。
【0010】
本発明の発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法において、発酵麦芽飲料を前記活性炭に接触させる工程は、発酵、熟成後の珪藻土濾過工程で行うのが好ましい。珪藻土濾過工程においては、珪藻土及び前記活性炭を発酵麦芽飲料に添加してもよいが、効率よくプリン体を除去し、かつ濾過開始時から安定した除去率を達成するために、予め珪藻土及び前記活性炭をフィルター、例えばキャンドルフィルターにプリコートすることが好ましい。発酵麦芽飲料に添加される前記活性炭の量は、濾過を行う発酵麦芽飲料の総量を基準として、0.05〜1質量%であり、好ましくは0.1〜0.5質量%、より好ましくは0.2〜0.4質量%である。また、フィルターにプリコートされる前記活性炭の量は、フィルターの濾過表面積を基準として、0.1〜2kg/mであり、好ましくは0.2〜1kg/m、より好ましくは0.3〜0.8kg/mである。また、フィルターにプリコートされる珪藻土の量は、通常濾過時に使用する量に準じ、1.5〜3.0kg/m程度が好ましい。
【0011】
先に示した活性炭使用方法によって、ビールにおいては最終製品中のプリン体の量は1.7mg/100ml以下(従来5.5mg/100ml)となり、また発泡酒においては0.3mg/100ml以下(3.0mg/100ml)となる。
ここで、発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体の量は、例えばHPLCを用いた方法(藤本ら:「尿酸」第9巻 128頁 1985年)により測定することができる。上記活性炭によるプリン体除去工程後の発酵麦芽飲料においては、外観及び香味品質上、色度が5EBC以上であることが好ましく、苦味価は7BU以上であることが好ましい。更にビールの泡を構成する成分である蛋白質は活性炭により可能な限り除去されないことが望ましい。
ここで、色度は、例えばEBC法(ビール酒造組合:「ビール分析法」8.8.2 1990年)により測定することができる。また、苦味価は、例えばEBC法(ビール酒造組合:「ビール分析法」8.15 1990年)により測定することができる。さらに、蛋白質量は、例えばBradford等の方法(Bradford, M.M., Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976))により測定することができる。
【0012】
プリン体除去工程後、必要により、色度調整を目的として、カラメル、黒麦芽等の色麦芽由来の色素等を発酵麦芽飲料に添加してもよい。また、苦味調整を目的として、ホップエキス、イソ化ホップエキス、還元ホップ等の苦味物質を発酵麦芽飲料に添加してもよい。さらに、香味調整を目的として、市販のビールフレーバー、ホップオイル等の香料を発酵麦芽飲料に添加してもよい。その他の添加成分として、クエン酸、リンゴ酸等の酸味料、糖類等の他、果実フレーバ等を必要により添加することができる。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
前記活性炭を用いて発酵麦芽飲料を濾過することにより、発酵麦芽飲料の旨味成分等である蛋白質等を過剰に除去することなく、プリン体を除去した発酵麦芽飲料を得ることができる。
【0014】
【実施例】
(実施例1)活性炭による全蛋白量及び色度の除去試験
表1に示す2種の活性炭(LPN37及び特性白鷺、いずれも武田薬品工業製)について、活性炭により除去される全蛋白量及び色度の測定を実施した。試験は、スーパードライ製品100mlに対して活性炭1質量%添加し、20分間接触後メンブラン(0.45μm)濾過することにより行った。全蛋白量はBradford等の方法(Bradford, M.M., Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976))により、色度はEBC法(ビール酒造組合:「ビール分析法」8.8.2 1990年)により測定した。
表1の結果より、平均細孔直径の大きい特性白鷺は、LPN37に比較して全蛋白量及び色度の除去度合いが大きかった。
【0015】
【表1】

Figure 2004275091
【0016】
(実施例2)活性炭によるプリン体除去試験
表2に示す4種の活性炭(LPN35、LPN36及びLPN37(いずれも武田薬品工業製)、及び太閤CA(二村化学製))について、活性炭により除去されるプリン体量の測定を行った。試験は、実施例1と同様に行った。ただし、活性炭添加量を0.05〜2質量%の間で計6水準行った。プリン体量はHPLCを用いた方法(藤本ら:「尿酸」第9巻 128頁 1985年)により測定した。
結果を図1A〜1Dに示す。データより同一添加濃度におけるプリン体除去能は比表面積(又は細孔容積)が最も大きいLPN37が最も高かった。
【0017】
【表2】
Figure 2004275091
【0018】
(実施例3)活性炭によるビール中のプリン体の濾過試験
(試験3−1)SiO溶解タンク内に活性炭(LPN37)を添加し、その後の接触タンクにて接触時間確保後キャンドルフィルターにて濾過する試験を実施した。試験は2.5KLスケールで行い、活性炭添加量はビール濾過量に対して0.25及び0.5質量%の2水準で行った。その結果を図2に示す。
プリン体量は濾過時間が経過する毎に低下傾向を示し、いずれの活性炭添加量においても濾過開始より約70分後にほぼ吸着能の最大値に達した。
(試験3−2)工場実スケールにて、活性炭プリコート試験を実施した。濾過開始前にプリコートとして2.0kg/mの活性炭(LPN37)を予め付着させておき、濾過開始後は0.1質量%の活性炭をSiO注入ラインより比例注入を行った(比例注入活性炭量は、濾過を行ったビールの総量に対する割合である。)。結果を図2に示す。
濾過開始時は活性炭との接触が過剰であるため、プリン体量は低くなった。その後上昇傾向に転じ、約70分後にほぼ安定した数値を示した。
(試験3−3)活性炭処理によるプリン体低減目標を、処理しないビールのプリン体含量(約5mg/100ml)の1/3(1.6〜1.7mg/100ml)にすることとして、最適化するための試験を行った。プリコートとして0.77kg/mの活性炭を予め付着させ、比例注入量を0.25質量%とした場合(試験番号118)及びプリコートとして0.38kg/mの活性炭を付着させ、比例注入量を0.30質量%とした場合(試験番号122)について濾過を行い、濾過後のビールを経時的にサンプリングして、プリン体含量を測定した。その結果を図3に示す。試験番号118では濾過直後に急激にプリン体含量が低下しているが、その後直ぐに目標のプリン体含量を達成している。一方、試験番号122では濾過後50分を経過しないと目標のプリン体含有量に到達していない。以上のことから、プリン体含量を1/3にする場合は、プリコートとして0.77kg/mの活性炭を予め付着させ、比例注入量を0.25質量%とするのが適していることが確認された。
【0019】
(実施例4)ビールの製造方法例
概略を図4に示した3000Lスケールの醸造設備により、ビールを製造した実施例について以下に述べる。粉砕した麦芽及びコーン・スターチ等の副原料を合計600〜700kgを使用して図4に示す仕込設備により麦汁を製造した後、プレートクーラーにより冷却し、泥状酵母を加えて発酵温度6〜12℃で発酵させた。発酵終了後、−1℃に冷却して後発酵を行った。図5に示す濾過設備により、発酵液から酵母及び余分な蛋白質を取り除き、アルコール約5%、麦芽使用比率60%のビールを製造した。濾過は、図5に示す濾過設備でSiO添加タンクにSiOと共に活性炭(LPN37)を混合し、配管を通じてビール中に添加する方法を採った。濾過の際には、プリコートとして0.5kg/mの活性炭(LPN37)を予め付着させておき、濾過開始後は0.25質量%の活性炭をSiO注入ラインより比例注入を行った(比例注入活性炭量は濾過を行ったビールの総量に対する割合を示す。)。
濾過後のビールを経時的にサンプリングし、ビールに含まれるプリン体の含量を測定した。その結果を図6に示す。図6に示されるように、濾過後のビール中のプリン体含量は、約1.6mg/100mlで安定していることが確認された。製造したビールにつき官能検査を実施したところ、活性炭を使用せずに濾過して製造したビールと比較して、遜色のない香味であることが確認された。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1A】ビールにおける活性炭(LPN35)によるプリン体除去試験の結果のグラフである。
【図1B】ビールにおける活性炭(LPN36)によるプリン体除去試験の結果のグラフである。
【図1C】ビールにおける活性炭(LPN37)によるプリン体除去試験の結果のグラフである。
【図1D】ビールにおける活性炭(太閤CA)によるプリン体除去試験の結果のグラフである。
【図2】試験3−1及び3−2におけるプリン体の濾過試験の結果のグラフである。
凡例:−◆−活性炭添加量0.25%、−▲−活性炭添加量0.5%、−■−活性炭プリコート量2.0kg/m、活性炭添加量0.25%
【図3】試験3−3におけるプリン体の濾過試験の結果のグラフである。凡例:−▲−試験番号122、−■−試験番号118
【図4】ビールの製造例の概略図である。
【図5】ビールの製造例の濾過設備の概略図である。
【図6】実施例4で製造したビール中のプリン体含量を示すグラフである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a fermented malt beverage including removing purines from fermented malt beverages such as beer and low-malt beer, and use of the activated carbon for removing purines from fermented malt beverages.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With respect to fermented malt beverages such as beer and low-malt beer, a wide variety of products have been put on the market along with diversification of consumer preferences. Furthermore, due to the health consciousness of consumers in recent years, interest in sugar and caloric content and fermented malt content in fermented malt beverages has been increasing. Above all, purines are metabolized by the liver to uric acid, but hyperuricemia occurs when the uric acid level in the blood exceeds a certain level, and gout occurs when crystallized uric acid accumulates in the joints. For this reason, in addition to fermented malt beverages having a low sugar and low calorie content while retaining the umami and the like of conventional beer, consumers are increasingly expecting fermented malt beverages having a low purine content. .
Regarding the removal of purines, a method of removing the purines using activated carbon is known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-59-104383 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-59-104400
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the purine in the fermented malt beverage is removed using activated carbon used for brewing, the components and the like related to the taste and aroma of the fermented malt beverage together with the purine (hereinafter, “flavor components”) It has been found that there is a problem that proteins and the like which are called "etc.") are also excessively removed.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing purines without excessively removing proteins and the like as flavor components of fermented malt beverages.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the above problems, and as a result, it has been found that the specific surface area and the average pore diameter of the activated carbon affect the performance of removing purines and proteins. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
That is, the present invention provides a fermentation process that includes a step of removing purines from a fermented malt beverage using activated carbon having a specific surface area of at least 1000 m 2 / g and an average pore diameter of at most 2 nm. Provided is a method for producing a malt beverage.
The present invention also provides an activated carbon for purine removal of a fermented malt beverage, which has a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 / g or more and an average pore diameter of 2 nm or less.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a fermented malt beverage from which purines have been removed using activated carbon having a specific surface area of at least 1000 m 2 / g and an average pore diameter of at most 2 nm.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, "fermented malt beverage" refers to a beverage produced by producing a fermentation raw material liquid only from malt or malt and other starch raw materials, and fermenting this raw material liquid with yeast, such as beer and low-malt beer. Is included.
In the present invention, the “purine form” includes a free purine base, a purine nucleotide, a purine nucleoside, and a high-molecular-weight nucleic acid. Purine base is a generic term for derivatives of purine (9H-imidazo [4,5-d] pyrimidine) and includes adenine, xanthine, guanine and the like. Purine nucleotide is a general term for compounds in which the sugar moiety of purine nucleoside forms an ester with phosphoric acid, and includes adenylic acid, inosinic acid, guanylic acid, and the like. Purine nucleoside is a generic name of glycoside compounds in which a purine base and a reducing group of a sugar are N-glycoside-linked, and includes adenosine, inosine, guanosine and the like.
[0007]
In the method for producing a fermented malt beverage of the present invention, purines in the fermented malt beverage are removed using activated carbon having a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 / g or more and an average pore diameter of 2 nm or less. When the specific surface area of the activated carbon is in the above range, purines in the fermented malt beverage can be efficiently removed. Further, if the average pore diameter of the activated carbon is in the above range, without excessively removing proteins and the like as umami components of the fermented malt beverage, while maintaining the balance of flavor of the fermented malt beverage, purine body Can be removed. In particular, in the present invention, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is preferably from 1300 to 2500 m 2 / g, more preferably from 1500 to 1900 m 2 / g. Further, the average pore diameter of the activated carbon is preferably 1.5 to 1.9 nm, more preferably 1.7 to 1.95 nm. Such activated carbon is available from Takeda Chemical Industries as LPN36 and LPN37.
Here, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is calculated from the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm by the BET equation (Keiichi Tominaga: Adsorption, pp. 95-113 (1967), Kyoritsu Shuppan). The average pore diameter can be obtained from the following equation by assuming that the pores are cylindrical.
[0008]
(Equation 1)
Average pore diameter = 4 × (pore volume) / (specific surface area)
The pore volume is measured by, for example, a mercury intrusion method or a nitrogen gas adsorption method (Keiichi Tominaga: Adsorption, pp. 95-113 (1967), Kyoritsu Shuppan).
[0009]
In the method for producing a fermented malt beverage of the present invention, purines are removed by bringing the fermented malt beverage into contact with the activated carbon. The production process of the fermented malt beverage may be any process that is normally performed. Specifically, the following steps are included.
The method for producing a fermented malt beverage of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A part of the pulverized malt as a main raw material and all or a part of the starchy sub-raw material are put into a charging kettle, hot water is added thereto, and these raw materials are mixed and liquefied to prepare a mash. In this operation, the liquid temperature at the start is usually set to about 50 ° C., and then gradually raised to a predetermined temperature (normally 65 to 68 ° C.), and then maintained at the temperature for a predetermined time (normally about 10 minutes). Then, the temperature is raised stepwise to a predetermined temperature (usually 90 to 100 ° C.), and maintained at this temperature for about 20 minutes. On the other hand, in the charging tank, warm water is added to the remaining malt crushed material, mixed, and maintained at a predetermined temperature (usually 35 to 50 ° C.) for a predetermined time (usually about 20 to 90 minutes) to make a mash, The mashes in the charging pot are added to the mashes in the charging tank and united. Next, the mash is kept at a predetermined temperature (usually 60 to 68 ° C.) for a predetermined time (usually about 30 to 90 minutes) in a charging tank to perform saccharification by the action of an enzyme contained in malt or an added enzyme. Do. After completion of the saccharification step, filtration is performed in a wort filtration tank to obtain a transparent wort as a filtrate.
Next, the wort is transferred to a boiling pot, hops are added and the mixture is boiled. The boiled wort is placed in a tank called a whirlpool to remove protein and other residues generated by precipitation. Then, it is cooled to an appropriate fermentation temperature (usually 8 to 10 ° C.) by a plate cooler and then transferred to a fermentation tank. Cold wort is put into a fermentation tank, and yeast is inoculated into the cold wort to perform fermentation. Next, the fermented liquid obtained is aged (post-fermented), and then the yeast and protein are removed by filtration to obtain the desired fermented malt beverage.
[0010]
In the method for producing a fermented malt beverage of the present invention, the step of bringing the fermented malt beverage into contact with the activated carbon is preferably performed in a diatomaceous earth filtration step after fermentation and aging. In the diatomaceous earth filtration step, diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon may be added to the fermented malt beverage.However, in order to efficiently remove purines and achieve a stable removal rate from the start of filtration, diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon are used in advance. Is preferably pre-coated on a filter, for example, a candle filter. The amount of the activated carbon added to the fermented malt beverage is 0.05 to 1% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, more preferably, based on the total amount of the fermented malt beverage to be filtered. 0.2 to 0.4% by mass. The amount of the active carbon precoat on the filter, based on the filtration surface area of the filter is 0.1~2kg / m 2, preferably 0.2~1kg / m 2, more preferably 0.3 0.8 kg / m 2 . The amount of diatomaceous earth to be precoated on the filter is preferably about 1.5 to 3.0 kg / m 2 according to the amount usually used during filtration.
[0011]
By the above-described method of using activated carbon, the amount of purine in the final product of beer is 1.7 mg / 100 ml or less (conventional 5.5 mg / 100 ml), and that of happoshu is 0.3 mg / 100 ml or less (3 0.0mg / 100ml).
Here, the amount of purines in the fermented malt beverage can be measured, for example, by a method using HPLC (Fujimoto et al .: "Uric acid", Vol. 9, page 128, 1985). In the fermented malt beverage after the purine body removal step using activated carbon, the chromaticity is preferably 5 EBC or more, and the bitterness value is preferably 7 BU or more in terms of appearance and flavor quality. Further, it is desirable that protein, which is a component constituting beer foam, is not removed as much as possible by activated carbon.
Here, the chromaticity can be measured by, for example, the EBC method (Beer Brewing Association: “Beer Analysis Method” 8.8.2 1990). The bitterness value can be measured by, for example, the EBC method (Beer Brewing Association: “Beer Analysis Method” 8.15 1990). Further, the amount of protein can be measured, for example, by the method of Bradford et al. (Bradford, MM, Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976)).
[0012]
After the purine body removing step, a pigment derived from color malt such as caramel and black malt may be added to the fermented malt beverage for the purpose of adjusting chromaticity, if necessary. For the purpose of adjusting bitterness, bitter substances such as hop extract, isomerized hop extract, and reduced hop may be added to the fermented malt beverage. Further, for the purpose of adjusting the flavor, a commercially available flavor such as beer flavor or hop oil may be added to the fermented malt beverage. As other additives, acid flavors such as citric acid and malic acid, sugars and the like, and fruit flavors and the like can be added as required.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
By filtering the fermented malt beverage using the activated carbon, a fermented malt beverage from which purines have been removed can be obtained without excessively removing proteins and the like as umami components of the fermented malt beverage.
[0014]
【Example】
(Example 1) Removal test of total protein amount and chromaticity by activated carbon For two types of activated carbon (LPN37 and characteristic Shirasagi, both manufactured by Takeda Chemical Industries) shown in Table 1, the total protein amount and chromaticity removed by activated carbon Was measured. The test was performed by adding 1% by mass of activated carbon to 100 ml of the super dry product, contacting for 20 minutes, and then filtering the membrane (0.45 μm). The total amount of protein is determined by the method of Bradford et al. (Bradford, MM, Anal. Biochem. 72, 248 (1976)), and the chromaticity is determined by the EBC method (Beer Brewing Association: “Beer Analysis Method” 8.8.2 1990). Year).
From the results shown in Table 1, the characteristic Shirasagi with a large average pore diameter had a higher total protein amount and chromaticity removal degree than LPN37.
[0015]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004275091
[0016]
(Example 2) Purine body removal test using activated carbon Four types of activated carbon (LPN35, LPN36 and LPN37 (all manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical) and Taiko CA (manufactured by Nimura Chemical)) shown in Table 2 are removed by activated carbon. Purine content was measured. The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. However, a total of six levels were performed when the amount of activated carbon added was 0.05 to 2% by mass. The purine content was measured by a method using HPLC (Fujimoto et al .: "Uric acid", Vol. 9, page 128, 1985).
The results are shown in FIGS. From the data, LPN37 having the largest specific surface area (or pore volume) had the highest purine removal ability at the same addition concentration.
[0017]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004275091
[0018]
(Example 3) was added activated carbon (LPN37) the filtration testing of purines in beer (Test 3-1) SiO 2 dissolved tank with activated carbon, filtered through a contact time ensuring after candle filter at the subsequent contact tank A test was conducted. The test was performed on a 2.5 KL scale, and the amount of activated carbon added was determined at two levels of 0.25 and 0.5% by mass based on the amount of beer filtered. The result is shown in FIG.
The purine content showed a tendency to decrease with the elapse of the filtration time, and almost reached the maximum value of the adsorption capacity approximately 70 minutes after the start of filtration for all the added amounts of activated carbon.
(Test 3-2) An activated carbon precoat test was performed on a factory scale. Before the start of the filtration, 2.0 kg / m 2 of activated carbon (LPN37) was previously attached as a precoat, and after the start of the filtration, 0.1% by mass of activated carbon was proportionally injected from the SiO 2 injection line (proportionally injected activated carbon). The amount is a ratio to the total amount of the filtered beer.) FIG. 2 shows the results.
At the start of filtration, the amount of purine was reduced due to excessive contact with activated carbon. After that, it started to increase and showed a nearly stable value after about 70 minutes.
(Test 3-3) The purine body reduction target by activated carbon treatment was optimized by setting it to 1/3 (1.6 to 1.7 mg / 100 ml) of the purine body content (about 5 mg / 100 ml) of untreated beer. A test was conducted to In the case where 0.77 kg / m 2 of activated carbon was previously deposited as a precoat and the proportional injection amount was set to 0.25% by mass (Test No. 118), 0.38 kg / m 2 of activated carbon was deposited as a precoat and the proportional injection amount was measured. Was set to 0.30% by mass (Test No. 122), the beer after the filtration was sampled with time, and the purine content was measured. The result is shown in FIG. In Test No. 118, the purine content rapidly decreased immediately after filtration, but the target purine content was achieved immediately thereafter. On the other hand, in Test No. 122, the target purine content was not reached until 50 minutes after filtration. From the above, when the purine content is reduced to 1/3, it is suitable that 0.77 kg / m 2 of activated carbon is previously deposited as a precoat and the proportional injection amount is 0.25% by mass. confirmed.
[0019]
(Example 4) An example in which beer was produced using a 3000L scale brewing facility shown in FIG. 4 is described below. After using a total of 600 to 700 kg of the crushed malt and auxiliaries such as corn starch to produce wort by the charging equipment shown in FIG. 4, the wort is cooled by a plate cooler, and the muddy yeast is added to the fermentation temperature. Fermented at 12 ° C. After completion of the fermentation, the mixture was cooled to -1 ° C and post fermentation was performed. The filtration equipment shown in FIG. 5 was used to remove yeast and extra protein from the fermentation liquor to produce a beer with about 5% alcohol and 60% malt use. Filtration, mixing the activated carbon (LPN37) with SiO 2 in SiO 2 added tank filtration equipment shown in FIG. 5 employs the method of adding in beer through a pipe. At the time of filtration, 0.5 kg / m 2 of activated carbon (LPN37) was previously attached as a precoat, and after the start of filtration, 0.25% by mass of activated carbon was proportionally injected from a SiO 2 injection line (proportionally). The injected amount of activated carbon indicates the ratio to the total amount of filtered beer.)
The filtered beer was sampled with time, and the content of purine contained in the beer was measured. FIG. 6 shows the result. As shown in FIG. 6, it was confirmed that the purine content in the beer after filtration was stable at about 1.6 mg / 100 ml. When a sensory test was performed on the produced beer, it was confirmed that the flavor was comparable to that of a beer produced by filtration without using activated carbon.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a graph showing the results of a purine removal test using activated carbon (LPN35) in beer.
FIG. 1B is a graph showing the results of a purine removal test using activated carbon (LPN36) in beer.
FIG. 1C is a graph showing the results of a purine removal test using activated carbon (LPN37) in beer.
FIG. 1D is a graph showing the results of a purine removal test using activated carbon (Taiko CA) in beer.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a filtration test of purines in Tests 3-1 and 3-2.
Legend:-◆ -Activated carbon addition 0.25%,-▲ -Activated carbon addition 0.5%,-■ -Activated carbon precoat 2.0 kg / m 2 , Activated carbon addition 0.25%
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a filtration test of purines in Test 3-3. Legend:-▲ -test number 122,-■ -test number 118
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a production example of beer.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a filtration facility of a beer production example.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the purine content in the beer produced in Example 4.

Claims (4)

比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下である活性炭を用いて、発酵麦芽飲料中のプリン体を除去する工程を含むことを特徴とする発酵麦芽飲料の製造方法。A method for producing a fermented malt beverage, comprising a step of removing purines from a fermented malt beverage using activated carbon having a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 / g or more and an average pore diameter of 2 nm or less. プリン体を除去する工程が、予め珪藻土及び前記活性炭をプリコートしたフィルターを用いて、珪藻土及び前記活性炭を添加した発酵麦芽飲料を濾過する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。The production method according to claim 1, wherein the step of removing the purine includes a step of filtering the fermented malt beverage to which diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon have been added using a filter pre-coated with diatomaceous earth and the activated carbon. 予めフィルターにプリコートされる前記活性炭の量がフィルターの濾過表面積を基準として、0.1〜2kg/mであり、発酵麦芽飲料に添加される前記活性炭の量が濾過を行う発酵麦芽飲料の総量を基準として、0.05〜1質量%である、請求項2に記載の製造方法。The amount of the activated carbon pre-coated on the filter is 0.1 to 2 kg / m 2 based on the filtration surface area of the filter, and the amount of the activated carbon added to the fermented malt beverage is the total amount of the fermented malt beverage to be filtered. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the content is 0.05 to 1% by mass based on 比表面積が1000m/g以上であり、平均細孔直径が2nm以下であることを特徴とする発酵麦芽飲料のプリン体除去用活性炭。Activated carbon for purine removal of fermented malt beverages having a specific surface area of at least 1000 m 2 / g and an average pore diameter of at most 2 nm.
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