JP2004269484A - Method for producing fulvic acid from low-grade coal using high-temperature water under pressure - Google Patents

Method for producing fulvic acid from low-grade coal using high-temperature water under pressure Download PDF

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JP2004269484A
JP2004269484A JP2003105854A JP2003105854A JP2004269484A JP 2004269484 A JP2004269484 A JP 2004269484A JP 2003105854 A JP2003105854 A JP 2003105854A JP 2003105854 A JP2003105854 A JP 2003105854A JP 2004269484 A JP2004269484 A JP 2004269484A
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fulvic acid
low
grade coal
hot water
coal
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Fumihiko Yazaki
文彦 矢崎
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing fulvic acid from low-grade coal using high-temperature water under pressure to increase the amount of fulvic acid extremely effective as a physiologically active substance for plants and separable only a small amount from low-grade coal by the water extraction under normal pressure because fulvic acid is a water-soluble substance in fumic materials. <P>SOLUTION: Fulvic acid is produced in high yield by oxidizing and decomposing fumic materials in low-grade coal with hot pressurized air, extracting the decomposition product with high-temperature water and separating the aqueous solution of fulvic acid from the reaction system before the start of the decomposition of the extracted fulvic acid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭を窒素または空気の高圧下で高温熱水により植物の生理活性として注目されている高付加価値物質であるフルボ酸を高収率で抽出し、さらに抽出したフルボ酸の分解が起こらない内にフルボ酸水溶液を反応系外に取り出しフルボ酸を高収率で製造して、安価で多量に利用できる方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
腐植物質(フミン酸やフルボ酸など)は泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭に多く含まれており、植物に対する生理活性物質として農業に多く利用されている。とくにフルボ酸は植物に対する生理活性物質として非常に有効でるが、フルボ酸は腐食物質のなかで水溶性の物質であるため、単なる常圧での水抽出だけでは分離できる量が少なく貴重であった。そのため、酸化剤により腐植物質を酸化分解することによりフルボ酸を生成させることも検討されたが、腐植物質は酸化され難く、酸化剤も高価であるため経済的に成り立たなかった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記した従来の問題点を解決するためになされたもので、その第1は高圧ガス下で高温熱水抽出により泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭からフルボ酸を回収する方法を提供することにある。第2には空気中の酸素により泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭を酸化することによりフルボ酸を生成させて、フルボ酸を高収率で回収する方法を提供することにある。第3には回収したフルボ酸の分解が起こらない内にフルボ酸水溶液を反応系外に取り出すためにガス及び水溶液を流通式オートクレーブ中で行う方法を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するためになされた第1の発明は、窒素高圧下での高温熱水により泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品炭から抽出することにより、従来の抽出温度より高温で抽出することができフルボ酸を高収率で回収することを特徴とするものである。また、第2には高圧空気中の酸素により泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭を酸化することによりフルボ酸を生成させて、フルボ酸をより高収率で回収することを特徴とするものである。第3には抽出したフルボ酸は酸素存在下では酸化が起こり、炭酸ガスとなってしまうため、フルボ酸水溶液を短時間にオートクレーブから連続的に取り出し、フルボ酸を高収率で回収することを特徴とするものである。
【0005】
【作用】
本発明の処理方法によれば、高圧下であるため373K以上の高温熱水で抽出が高効率できること、空気中の酸素により泥炭、草炭および風化炭などの低品位炭を酸化してフルボ酸を生成させてより多量のフルボ酸を抽出できること、さらに抽出されたフルボ酸の高温での酸化分解を最小限にとどめることができフルボ酸を高収率で得ることができる。
【0006】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を図面を参照しつつ更に詳細に説明する。図1において、1圧力制御器、2は反応器、3は圧力制御器、4はトラップである。
【0007】風化炭試料は粉砕し200メッシュ以下の粉末を353Kで24時間減圧乾燥したものを用いて、振とう式オートクレーブ中で初期圧2Mpaの窒素加圧下で663Kの高温熱水による処理を行った。処理時間変化による成分変化を図2に示した。風化炭からのフルボ酸は国際腐植物質研究会により奨励されているIHSS法に順じて6N塩酸により抽出した水可溶成分としてフルボ酸および水不溶成分であるフミン酸を得た。反応時間60分でフルボ酸はほぼ平衡に達して約5重量%であった。
【0008】つぎに、空気の加圧下で熱水による風化炭の抽出処理を行った。初期圧2Mpa、処理時間30分として反応温度を423K〜598Kまで変化させたときの成分変化を図3に示した。空気加圧下では423Kまではフルボ酸の増加はほとんど見られないが、423Kを越えると急激に酸素が消費され、フミン酸は減少して、それとともにフルボ酸は増加して473Kでは約10%となった。しかし、炭酸ガスの発生も急激に上昇している。
【0009】つぎに、反応温度473K、反応時間30分で風化炭を処理したときの空気の初気圧を変えたときの熱水抽出したときの成分変化を図4に示した。圧力を変えてもフルボ酸は約10%の増加にとどまった。 しかし、フミン酸は10Mpaでは約30%まで減少して、逆に炭酸ガスが多量に発生した。フルボ酸はあまり増加していないが、炭酸ガスが増加するとともにフミン酸が減少していることから、フミン酸成分が酸素により酸化されている同時に生成したフルボさんも酸化されて、炭酸ガスとなったためと考えられ、そのためにより高収量のフルボ酸が得られなかったと考えた。
【0010】そこで、風化炭試料を固定して、空気と熱水を連続的に流通させ、熱水抽出したフルボ酸成分が空気中の酸素により酸化して炭酸ガスになる前に速やかにフルボ酸水溶液を反応系外に取り出せる流通反応装置(図1)より熱水抽出を行うことによりフルボ酸成分の収率向上を目指した。その装置を使い10Mpaの加圧下で開始温度が373Kで2.5K/分で543Kになるまで上昇させて60分間熱水を5ml/分の流速で熱水抽出を行った。ガス流速を変化させて熱水抽出を行ったときの成分変化を炭素収率として図5に示した。窒素加圧下で窒素の流速が50ml/分ではフルボ酸は約12wt%となった。フミン酸は73wt%で炭酸ガスの発生は数%であった。
【0011】つぎに空気加圧下で空気の流速を変えたところ、流速が25ml/分ではフルボ酸は12wt%であったが、50ml/分ではフルボ酸は約30wt%となった。しかしさらに空気の流速を大きくするとフルボ酸は多くならず返って減少した。これに対して炭酸ガスの発生が空気の流速が大きくなるとより多くなり、200ml/分では30wt%以上になった。これは空気の流速が増すとともにフミン酸が減少していることからフミン酸及びフミン酸から生成したフルボ酸成分が酸素により酸化されて炭酸ガスが発生したと考えられる。
さらに、10Mpa加圧下で開始温度373Kで2.5K/分で543Kになるまで上昇させて、その後543Kで気体の流速が50ml/分および熱水の流速5ml/分の10分毎のWSおよび炭酸ガスの120分までの発生量を図6および図7に示した。窒素および空気のいずれも熱水抽出時間が30分でフルボ酸は最大となった。また、窒素の場合にはその後フルボ酸の抽出量は暫減した。炭酸ガスの発生も余り多くない。しかし、空気の場合はフルボ酸の量も多く抽出されると同時に炭酸ガスの生成が急激に多くなった。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
上記した実施例のデータからも明らかなように、本発明によれば加圧下で高温熱水を用いて、さらに空気中の酸素によりフミン酸などを酸化分解させてフルボ酸を生成させて高温熱水で多量に抽出できる画期的な方法である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の流通反応装置である。
【図2】従来の回分式装置での窒素雰囲気下におけるフルボ酸抽出量の時間変化(N2初気圧:2MPa)
【図3】風化炭の空気加圧下での熱水抽出の温度による組成変化
【図4】風化炭の熱水抽出における空気の初気圧変化による組成変化
【図5】流通式反応器における窒素および空気流通速度による風化炭の組成変化
【図6】50ml/minの窒素流通におけるフルボ酸抽出量およびCO2の発生の時間変化
【図7】50ml/minの空気流通におけるフルボ酸抽出量およびCO2の発生の時間変化
【符号の説明】
1 圧力制御器 2 反応器 3 圧力制御器 4 トラップ
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention extracts fulvic acid, a high value-added substance, which has been attracting attention as a plant's physiological activity by high-temperature hot water under high pressure of nitrogen or air from low-grade coal such as peat, peat and weathered coal in high yield. Further, the present invention relates to a method in which an aqueous solution of fulvic acid is taken out of the reaction system while the extracted fulvic acid does not decompose, and fulvic acid is produced in high yield, so that it can be used inexpensively and in large quantities.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Humic substances (humic acid, fulvic acid, etc.) are often contained in low-grade coal such as peat, peat, and weathered coal, and are often used in agriculture as a physiologically active substance for plants. In particular, fulvic acid is very effective as a physiologically active substance for plants, but fulvic acid is a water-soluble substance among corrosive substances. . Therefore, it has been considered to generate fulvic acid by oxidatively decomposing humic substances with an oxidizing agent. However, humic substances are hardly oxidized and the oxidizing agent is expensive, so that it was not economically feasible.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the first is a method for recovering fulvic acid from low-grade coal such as peat, peat coal and weathered coal by high-temperature hot water extraction under high-pressure gas. Is to provide. The second object is to provide a method for recovering fulvic acid in high yield by oxidizing low-grade coal such as peat, peat coal and weathered coal with oxygen in the air to generate fulvic acid. A third object of the present invention is to provide a method in which a gas and an aqueous solution are carried out in a flow-through autoclave in order to remove the fulvic acid aqueous solution to the outside of the reaction system without causing decomposition of the recovered fulvic acid.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first invention made to solve the above-mentioned problem is to extract at a higher temperature than the conventional extraction temperature by extracting from low-grade coal such as peat, peat and weathered coal with high-temperature hot water under nitrogen high pressure. And recovering fulvic acid in high yield. The second feature is that fulvic acid is generated by oxidizing low-grade coal such as peat, peat coal and weathered coal with oxygen in high-pressure air, and fulvic acid is recovered in higher yield. Things. Thirdly, the extracted fulvic acid is oxidized in the presence of oxygen and becomes carbon dioxide gas. Therefore, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is continuously taken out of the autoclave in a short time to recover the fulvic acid in high yield. It is a feature.
[0005]
[Action]
According to the treatment method of the present invention, extraction can be performed with high-temperature hot water of 373 K or more under high pressure, and low-grade coal such as peat, peat coal and weathered coal is oxidized by oxygen in the air to convert fulvic acid. It is possible to extract a larger amount of fulvic acid by forming the fulvic acid, and it is possible to minimize the oxidative decomposition of the extracted fulvic acid at a high temperature, and to obtain fulvic acid in high yield.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a pressure controller, 2 is a reactor, 3 is a pressure controller, and 4 is a trap.
[0007] A weathered coal sample is pulverized and dried under reduced pressure at 353 K for 24 hours at 353 K for a powder of 200 mesh or less, and is treated in a shaking autoclave with hot water of 663 K under an initial nitrogen pressure of 2 MPa. Was. FIG. 2 shows a component change due to a change in processing time. Fulvic acid from weathered coal obtained fulvic acid as a water-soluble component and humic acid, a water-insoluble component, extracted with 6N hydrochloric acid according to the IHSS method recommended by the International Humic Substances Study Group. After a reaction time of 60 minutes, the fulvic acid almost reached an equilibrium state and was about 5% by weight.
Next, the weathered coal was extracted with hot water under the pressure of air. FIG. 3 shows component changes when the reaction temperature was changed from 423 K to 598 K with an initial pressure of 2 Mpa and a processing time of 30 minutes. Under air pressurization, little increase in fulvic acid is observed up to 423K, but after 423K oxygen is rapidly consumed, humic acid decreases, and humic acid increases with it, increasing to about 10% at 473K. became. However, the generation of carbon dioxide has also risen sharply.
Next, FIG. 4 shows a change in components when hot water is extracted when the initial pressure of air is changed when weathered coal is treated at a reaction temperature of 473 K and a reaction time is 30 minutes. The fulvic acid increased only about 10% with changing pressure. However, humic acid decreased to about 30% at 10 MPa, and a large amount of carbon dioxide gas was generated. Although fulvic acid has not increased much, humic acid has decreased as carbon dioxide gas has increased, and humic acid components have been oxidized by oxygen. It was considered that a higher yield of fulvic acid was not obtained.
Therefore, the weathered coal sample is fixed, air and hot water are continuously circulated, and the fulvic acid component extracted by the hot water is oxidized by oxygen in the air and quickly becomes fulvic acid before it becomes carbon dioxide. The purpose of this study was to improve the fulvic acid component yield by performing hot water extraction using a flow reactor (FIG. 1) capable of taking the aqueous solution out of the reaction system. Using the apparatus, the starting temperature was raised at 373 K at 2.5 K / min to 543 K under a pressure of 10 Mpa, and hot water was extracted at a flow rate of 5 ml / min for 60 minutes. FIG. 5 shows the change in components when hot water extraction was performed while changing the gas flow rate, as the carbon yield. At a nitrogen flow rate of 50 ml / min under nitrogen pressure, the fulvic acid content was about 12 wt%. Humic acid was 73% by weight and carbon dioxide generation was several%.
Next, when the flow rate of the air was changed under air pressure, the fulvic acid was 12 wt% at a flow rate of 25 ml / min, but was about 30 wt% at 50 ml / min. However, when the air flow rate was further increased, the amount of fulvic acid decreased rather than increasing. On the other hand, the generation of carbon dioxide gas increased as the flow rate of the air increased, and it became 30 wt% or more at 200 ml / min. This is considered to be because the humic acid decreased as the air flow rate increased, and the humic acid and the fulvic acid component generated from the humic acid were oxidized by oxygen to generate carbon dioxide gas.
Further, the pressure is increased at a starting temperature of 373 K at 2.5 K / min to 543 K under 10 Mpa pressurization, and thereafter, at 543 K, the gas flow rate is 50 ml / min and the flow rate of hot water is 5 ml / min. 6 and 7 show the amount of gas generated up to 120 minutes. For both nitrogen and air, the hot water extraction time was 30 minutes, and fulvic acid reached its maximum. In the case of nitrogen, the amount of fulvic acid extracted thereafter decreased temporarily. There is not much carbon dioxide generation. However, in the case of air, a large amount of fulvic acid was extracted, and at the same time, the generation of carbon dioxide gas rapidly increased.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the data of the above-described embodiment, according to the present invention, humic acid and the like are oxidized and decomposed by oxygen in the air to generate fulvic acid by using high-temperature hot water under pressure to generate fulvic acid. This is a revolutionary method that can be extracted in large quantities with water.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow reactor of the present invention.
[FIG. 2] Time change of fulvic acid extraction amount under nitrogen atmosphere in a conventional batch type apparatus (N2 initial pressure: 2 MPa)
Fig. 3 Composition change due to temperature of hot water extraction of weathered coal under air pressurization Fig. 4 Composition change due to initial pressure change of air in hot water extraction of weathered coal Fig. 5 Nitrogen and flow rate in flow type reactor Change in composition of weathered coal depending on air flow rate [Fig. 6] Time change of fulvic acid extraction amount and CO2 generation in 50ml / min nitrogen flow [Fig. 7] Fulvic acid extraction amount and CO2 generation in 50ml / min air flow Time change [Explanation of symbols]
1 pressure controller 2 reactor 3 pressure controller 4 trap

Claims (2)

低品位炭である泥炭、草炭および風化炭の粉末を窒素の加圧下で窒素および熱水を流通式により風化炭を高温熱水抽出することによりフルボ酸を高収率で得ることができることを特徴とするフルボ酸の製造方法。Fulvic acid can be obtained in high yield by extracting the powder of low-grade coal, peat, peat, and weathered coal under high pressure with nitrogen and extracting the weathered coal with high-temperature hot water by flowing nitrogen and hot water. A method for producing fulvic acid. 低品位炭である泥炭、草炭および風化炭の粉末を特別な酸化剤を用いずに空気加圧下で空気および熱水を流通式により風化炭を酸化させて高温熱水抽出することによりフルボ酸を高収率で得ることができることを特徴とするフルボ酸の製造方法。The fulvic acid is obtained by oxidizing the weathered coal by air and hot water under the air pressure without using a special oxidizing agent and pulverizing the peat, peat, and weathered coal, which are low-grade coal, and extracting high-temperature hot water. A method for producing fulvic acid, which can be obtained in a high yield.
JP2003105854A 2003-03-06 2003-03-06 Method for producing fulvic acid from low-grade coal using high-temperature water under pressure Pending JP2004269484A (en)

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JP2006151705A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd Fulvic acid-containing material and method of producing fulvic acid-containing material
JP2006151706A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd Composition for agriculture
JP2008001658A (en) * 2006-06-23 2008-01-10 Nitta Gelatin Inc Cosmetic composition
CN103588977A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-19 云南联合药业有限责任公司 Method for extracting and preparing peat fulvic acid and drug application
JP2014162723A (en) * 2013-02-21 2014-09-08 Takayoshi Toyoda Fulvic acid aqueous solution derived from humic substances and production method thereof
CN104974356A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 昆明理工大学 Method for extracting fulvic acid substances from diatomite
KR20160147878A (en) * 2014-04-23 2016-12-23 블라디미르 페트로비치 세바스티야노프 Method for comprehensively processing brown coal and leonardite into humic fertilizers and preparations and into fuel briquettes, and mechanochemical reactor for processing highly-viscous media
CN107866089A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-04-03 山东恒力新能源工程有限公司 Weathered coal extracts the device and its extraction process of pharmaceutical grade fulvic acid
JP6331206B1 (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-05-30 株式会社日本ソフケン Method for evaluating quality of fulvic acid solution and method for producing fulvic acid solution
JP2019081150A (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-30 G−8 International Trading 株式会社 Manufacturing method of fulvic acid solution and fulvic acid solution
CN111138684A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-12 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 Method for extracting humic acid from lignite
EP3799854A1 (en) 2019-10-01 2021-04-07 Stefan Johannes Fellner Extract of organic humified materials
JP2022058353A (en) * 2017-10-31 2022-04-12 G-8 International Trading 株式会社 Method for manufacturing mixed solution of fulvic acid and humic acid, and humic acid manufacturing method

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006151705A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd Fulvic acid-containing material and method of producing fulvic acid-containing material
JP2006151706A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd Composition for agriculture
JP2008001658A (en) * 2006-06-23 2008-01-10 Nitta Gelatin Inc Cosmetic composition
JP2014162723A (en) * 2013-02-21 2014-09-08 Takayoshi Toyoda Fulvic acid aqueous solution derived from humic substances and production method thereof
CN103588977A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-19 云南联合药业有限责任公司 Method for extracting and preparing peat fulvic acid and drug application
KR20160147878A (en) * 2014-04-23 2016-12-23 블라디미르 페트로비치 세바스티야노프 Method for comprehensively processing brown coal and leonardite into humic fertilizers and preparations and into fuel briquettes, and mechanochemical reactor for processing highly-viscous media
KR102306975B1 (en) 2014-04-23 2021-09-30 블라디미르 페트로비치 세바스티야노프 Method for comprehensively processing brown coal and leonardite into humic fertilizers and preparations and into fuel briquettes, and mechanochemical reactor for processing highly-viscous media
JP2017518248A (en) * 2014-04-23 2017-07-06 ウラジミール・ペトロヴィッチ・セヴァスチヤノフ Comprehensive conversion method of lignite and leonardite to humus fertilizer, preparation to briquette fuel, and mechanochemical reactor for high viscosity medium conversion
CN104974356A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 昆明理工大学 Method for extracting fulvic acid substances from diatomite
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