JP2004255383A - Automatic movable dust removing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently remove welding dust without interrupting a welding work. <P>SOLUTION: A dust removing device 1 has a function of automatically adjusting the position of a hood 11 as a welding work is advanced. A means to move the hood 11 comprises a frame vehicle 12 to support the hood 11 and a driving vehicle 13 having an electric motor to push the frame vehicle 12 during the movement. Two optical sensors 132 and 132 to detect arc beams emitted during the welding are installed on the driving vehicle 13 in a longitudinally deviating manner in the advancing direction. The optical sensors 132 and 132 and the electric motor of the driving vehicle 13 are connected to each other via a relay circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dust removing device having an automatic movement function suitable for removing welding dust and the like in a welding work place.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pneumoconiosis, which is known as a representative occupational disease, still occupies the top position in occupational disease classification in Japan, and the ratio of welded lung to pneumoconiosis has been increasing in recent years. Welding lung is a type of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of welding dust. To prevent it, it is necessary to eliminate welding dust, which is the causative substance, from the workplace and prevent worker exposure. The most frequently used technical method for factory ventilation is ventilation by local exhaust.
[0003]
In order to remove the welding dust using the dust removing device for local exhaust, it must be noted that the arc point, which is the dust source, moves as the work proceeds. As a general dust removal device is used in a state where the hood is fixed in position in principle, if work progresses and the arc point moves away from the hood, sufficient ventilation efficiency cannot be obtained. Because. There is also a product “Mobile Exhauster” in which the hood of the dust removal device is movable, and is introduced by Jefferson (Non-Patent Document 1 below).
[0004]
[Non-patent document 1]
Welding Engineer, 55 (10); 39-40, 1970.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the position of the hood is not automatically adjusted in the above-mentioned movable hood-type dust removing apparatus “Mobile Exhauster”, and the operator has to manually adjust the position. For this reason, the position of the hood must be frequently adjusted during the work, and sometimes the work is interrupted.
[0006]
Accordingly, the present invention efficiently removes welding dust and the like without interrupting the work by providing the dust removing device with a function of automatically adjusting the position of the hood as the welding operation proceeds. The purpose is to:
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, in the present invention, the dust collecting hood forming the suction port for welding dust (including fumes) is supported by means movable with respect to the position in the welding work place, and the dust collecting hood at the arc point is provided. Is detected by an optical sensor that detects an arc light emitted at the time of welding installed on the means, and the means is driven according to the relative position of the detected arc point to move the dust collecting hood. It shall be.
[0008]
An automatic moving dust removal device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a device for removing dust generated during welding, and supports a dust collection hood forming a dust suction port, and a dust collection hood. Along with the hood moving means for moving the dust collecting hood from the first position of the welding work place to a second position different from the first position, the dust collecting hood is installed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the dust collecting hood, An optical sensor for detecting arc light emitted from an arc point during welding, and light shielding means for blocking the transmission of the arc light and limiting the position of the arc point where the arc light can be incident on the optical sensor. Is done. The hood moving means has a function of receiving the arc light detection signal from the optical sensor and operating in response to the signal to move the dust collecting hood.
[0009]
According to such a configuration, even when the arc point moves with the progress of the welding operation, the dust collecting hood is moved in accordance with the movement, and the dust collecting hood is always positioned near the arc point. Therefore, high ventilation efficiency can be maintained. In addition, since the movement of the dust collecting hood is automatically performed based on the arc light detection signal from the optical sensor, manual position adjustment is not required and the operation is not interrupted.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an automatic moving dust removal device (hereinafter, referred to as a “dust removal device”) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0011]
The dust removing device 1 is a device for removing dust generated during welding. A dust collecting hood (hereinafter, referred to as “hood”) 11 that forms a suction port 11a for sucking dust is supported by a carriage 12 having an arch shape. A driving vehicle 13 equipped with an electric motor is installed in the hollow portion 12a of the arch of the gantry 12, and the hood 11 is moved in the welding work place by pushing the gantry 12 back and forth by the driving vehicle 13. The drive vehicle 13 is brought into contact with a contact portion 12 b that is formed by projecting the front end and the rear end of the drive vehicle 13 inwardly from the support column of the arch of the trolley 12, so that the relative position between the drive vehicle 13 and the trolley 12 is relatively high. No displacement occurs, and these move together. The hood 11 is connected to a duct 21 for transporting the sucked dust to a dust box described later. The hood 11 is indirectly supported by the gantry 12 by fixing the duct 21 to the gantry 12.
[0012]
In the present embodiment, the hood moving means is divided into the gantry 12 and the drive vehicle 13.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the carriage 12 constituting the hood moving means.
[0013]
The trolley 12 is provided with a trolley section 121 on which wheels 121a, 121a for movement are attached to the front and rear, a support section 122 is erected on the trolley section 121, and a canopy section 123 on which an assembly of the hood 11 and the duct 21 is mounted is supported by a support section 123. It is configured to be fixed to the portion 122. In the present embodiment, in order to make the trolley 12 arch-shaped, the trolley part 121 is divided into front and rear parts to eliminate an intermediate part, and they are connected by a rigidly connected support part 122 and a canopy part 123. The contact portions 12b, 12b with the driving vehicle 13 are protruded inward from respective portions of the bogie portion 121 divided into front and rear portions.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows a state where the gantry 12 is viewed from the front.
The canopy part 123 is provided with a mounting part 124 formed by inclining a duct mounting surface 124a with respect to a horizontal plane. The duct 21 is placed on the duct mounting surface 124a, and is fixed to the mounting portion 124 and eventually the canopy portion 123 by a fixing device such as a belt. The hood 11 attached to the duct 21 is located at a height at which sufficient ventilation efficiency can be obtained from the floor of the welding work site.
[0015]
Further, the duct 21 is connected to a filter box 14 as a dust collecting device having a built-in filter for collecting dust, and the dust sucked from the hood 11 is collected by the filter box 14, and the air after filtration is removed. So that it is discharged. In the exhaust passage configured as described above, a pump 15 for generating a suction negative pressure is provided downstream of the filter box 14.
[0016]
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the driving wheel 13 that constitutes the hood moving means.
The driving vehicle 13 is provided with a carriage 131 to which driving wheels 131a and driven wheels 131b as wheels are attached, and on which optical sensors 132 and 132 and batteries 133 and 134 as various power sources are installed. . The optical sensors 132, 132 employ first and second optical sensors capable of detecting the arc light emitted from the arc point during welding, and the traveling direction of the driving wheel 131 due to the rotation of the wheels (the moving direction of the hood 11). It is shifted to the front and back. The direction of each element of the optical sensors 132, 132 is set in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the driving wheel 13. Reference numeral 135 denotes an electric motor for rotating the drive wheel 131a, which is mounted below the bogie 131. The optical sensors 132, 132 and the electric motor 135 are connected via a motor controller (not shown) including a relay circuit. Further, the electric motor 135 and the driving wheels 131a are connected via a gear box set to a predetermined reduction ratio. One battery 133 is a 9V dry cell as a power source for the optical sensors 132, 132, and is disposed between the optical sensors 132, 132. The other batteries 134 are single dry batteries serving as a power source for the electric motor 135, and are arranged one by one before and after the carriage 131 so as to sandwich the optical sensors 132, 132. A switch 136 for turning on the power to the optical sensors 132 and 132 and the electric motor 135 is provided under the floor of the carriage 131.
[0017]
The light sensors 132, 132 are provided with light-shielding plates 137, 137 as light-shielding means for limiting the position of the arc point A where the arc light can be incident on each element portion.
[0018]
FIG. 5 is a mounting diagram of the light shielding plates 137, 137 according to the present embodiment.
The light shielding plates 137, 137 are made of metal formed in a cylindrical shape, and are so arranged that the respective element portions of the optical sensors 132, 132 are surrounded from the front, rear, upper and lower sides in the traveling direction of the driving wheel 13. Attached. The light shielding plates 137, 137 limit the incident range of the arc light. That is, the arc light is detected by the optical sensors 132, 132 only when the arc point A goes out of the light-shielding range between the two element portions determined according to the height of the light-shielding plates 137, 137.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, by installing a metal partition plate 138 vertically between the optical sensors 132, 132, it is possible to prevent the arc light from one arc point A from being simultaneously incident on both optical sensors 132, 132. It is preventing. In addition, by providing translucent shielding plates 139, 139 through which arc light can pass, and by installing them so as to close the openings of the above-mentioned shielding plates 137, 137, the spatters scattered from the arc point A during welding are provided. This prevents the element portion from being damaged. A protection plate (not shown) made of metal may be provided on the side surface of the driving vehicle 13 to prevent electric components on the driving vehicle 13 from being damaged by spatter.
[0020]
Next, the operation of the dust removal device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
During the welding operation, the dust removing device 1 is disposed such that the traveling direction of the driving wheel 13 matches the traveling direction of welding by the operator, and the arc point A is located between the optical sensors 132,132. Shortly after the welding operation is started, while the arc point A is within the light-shielding range defined by the light-shielding plates 137, 137, the driving wheel 13 maintains the current position. When the welding operation progresses and the arc point A goes out of the light shielding range, the arc light emitted from the arc point A is detected by the optical sensor 132 located in the forward direction of the welding. Then, the arc light detection signal output from the optical sensor is input to the motor controller of the driving wheel 13, the electric motor 135 is operated, and the driving wheel 13 moves forward. Thereby, the gantry 12 and the hood 11 fixed thereto move. When the hood 11 approaches the arc point A and the arc point A enters the light blocking range again, the electric motor 135 stops, and the hood 11 also stops at that position. By repeating such an operation, the hood 11 moves following the arc point A. Further, when the worker turns the traveling direction of welding back, the arc light is detected by another optical sensor 132 and the rotation direction of the electric motor 135 is reversed, so that the hood 11 changes the traveling direction to the direction after the return. Change and also follow the arc point A.
[0021]
According to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
First, even when the arc point A moves with the progress of the welding operation, the hood 11 can be moved in accordance with the movement, so that the hood 11 is always positioned near the arc point A, High ventilation efficiency can be maintained. For this reason, local ventilation can be realized economically with a small exhaust air volume, and it is easy to reduce the size and weight of the dust removing device 1. In addition, since the movement of the hood 11 following the arc point A is automatically performed based on the arc light detection signals from the optical sensors 132, 132, manual position adjustment is unnecessary, and welding work can be interrupted. Nor.
[0022]
Secondly, since the hood moving means is divided into a dedicated gantry 12 for supporting the hood 11 and a driving car 13 for pushing the gantry 12 when the hood 11 is moved, a space for mounting the hood 11 is provided. Sufficient margin can be secured. Therefore, hood moving means suitable for supporting the individual hoods 11 corresponding to various shapes and sizes of the hoods 11 can be configured. If there is such a spatial margin in the hood moving means, an integrated hood moving means having the functions of the gantry and the driving vehicle is provided, thereby supporting and moving the dust collecting hood. be able to.
[0023]
Third, since the two optical sensors 132, 132 are provided so as to be shifted back and forth in the traveling direction of the driving vehicle 13, the hood 11 can be moved to the arc point A even when the worker turns the traveling direction of welding. And can always be located near the arc point A.
[0024]
In the above, the case where the gantry 12 is moved by pushing the gantry 12 by the drive vehicle 13 has been described as an example. However, these are connected by a towing tool such as a hook, and the hood 11 is pulled by pulling the gantry 12 by the drive vehicle 13. Can also be moved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an automatic moving dust removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of a trolley of the dust removal device. FIG. 3 is a front view of a trolley of the dust removal device. FIG. 4 is a side view of a driving vehicle of the dust removing device.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automatic moving type dust removal apparatus, 11 ... Dust collection hood, 12 ... Carriage constituting hood moving means, 13 ... Drive vehicle constituting hood moving means, 132 ... Optical sensor, 133 ... Power supply for optical sensor 134, a battery as a power source for an electric motor, 135, an electric motor, 137, a light shielding plate as a light shielding means, 138, a screen plate, 139, a shielding plate, 14, a dust box, 15, a pump, 21, a duct, A ... Arc point.

Claims (5)

An apparatus for removing dust generated during welding,
A dust collecting hood forming a dust inlet;
Hood moving means for supporting the dust collecting hood and moving the dust collecting hood from the first position of the welding work place to a second position different therefrom;
An optical sensor installed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the dust collecting hood and detecting arc light emitted from an arc point during welding;
Light blocking means for blocking the transmission of the arc light and restricting the position of an arc point where the arc light can be incident on the optical sensor,
The hood moving means is an automatic moving dust removing device that receives an arc light detection signal from the optical sensor and operates in response to the movement of the dust collecting hood. Hood moving means, a carriage supporting the dust collection hood, and a drive vehicle that is installed in proximity to or in contact with the carriage and pushes the carriage or moves the dust collection hood by pulling it. The dust removal apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: 3. The automatic moving dust removing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the optical sensor is installed with a fixed position relative to the driving vehicle. The automatic moving dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical sensor includes first and second optical sensors that are installed to be shifted back and forth in the moving direction of the dust collecting hood. An apparatus for removing dust generated during welding,
The dust collecting hood forming the dust suction port is supported by a movable means with respect to the position in the welding work place, and the position of the arc point with respect to the dust collecting hood is emitted at the time of welding installed on the means. An automatic moving dust removal device that detects an arc light by an optical sensor and drives the means according to the relative position of the detected arc point to move the dust collecting hood.

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