JP2004250578A - Biodegradable starch-based composition, biodegradable starch-based product, and its manufacturing process - Google Patents
Biodegradable starch-based composition, biodegradable starch-based product, and its manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特に澱粉、ポリプロピレン、タルク及びソルビトールを一定の比率で混合して生分解性澱粉系組成物を形成し、その生分解性澱粉系組成物に加工を施こすことにより、環境汚染や衛生面においての問題を解決した生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品及びその製造方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
現在、飲食店において使用される食器は、その利便性や衛生面における顧客の要求を満たすために、主に発泡スチロールやプラスチック、紙材質などにより製造された使い捨て食器が採用されているため、これらの使い捨て食器が大量のゴミとなり、環境汚染の問題を引き起こしている。
【０００３】
その中でも特に発泡スチロールやプラスチック材質により製造された使い捨て食器のゴミは、自然環境の中で分解することができないものであるので、環境破壊をもたらす最も大きな原因の一つとなっている。また、発泡スチロールやプラスチック材質により製造された使い捨て食器のゴミを焼却手段により処理する場合は、人体に対して有害なダイオキシン類などの発癌性物質が空気中に放出されてしまう。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この危機的状況を踏まえ、政府は、近年発泡スチロールやプラスチック材質により製造される使い捨て食器の問題の解決に力を入れ始め、現在ではリサイクル方式により上記の問題を解決しようとしている。しかし、このような手段では、発泡スチロールやプラスチック材質により製造された使い捨て食器のゴミにより引き起こされる問題を完全に解決することは難しいと判断し、政府機関は、これらのゴミをなくすと共に、環境保護の意識を高めるために、発泡スチロール或いはプラスチック材質により製造される使い捨て食器の使用を全面禁止にすると共に、ビニール袋の使用量の低減を図り、且つそれらに関する法律も定めた。これにより、発泡スチロール或いはプラスチック材質により製造される使い捨て食器の使用が禁止されると共に、ビニール袋の使用量も減少するので、前記ゴミによる環境汚染の問題を解決できると期待されている。
【０００５】
また、飲食店においては、発泡スチロール或いはプラスチック材質の代わりに紙材からなる使い捨て食器が採用されている。しかし、紙材からなる使い捨て食器は、自然環境中において分解可能であると共に、焼却手段により処理する場合も人体に対して有害な物質は発生しないが、パルプを使用するので、コストの増加につながると共に、製造面では、一定の厚さを持つ紙材でなければ、食器としての機能を具備させることができないので、資源の浪費となる。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、
澱粉５０〜９０重量％と、可塑剤としてのポリプロピレン１０〜１５重量％と、添加剤としてのタルク５〜３０重量％と、甘味剤としてのソルビトール５〜２０重量％とを含むことを特徴とする生分解性澱粉系組成物、を提供する。
【０００７】
【作用】
本発明は上記の課題を解決するものであり、所定の配合比率に従って、澱粉、ポリプロピレン、タルク及びソルビトールを混合して生分解性澱粉系組成物を得て、押出し成形により造粒し、或いはグリーンシートとした後、加工成形を行なって自然環境中において分解可能な生分解性澱粉系製品を製造するので、利便性に優れ、環境保護及び衛生面に配慮した、使い捨て食器や袋を提供することができる。
【０００８】
以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の好適な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
【０００９】
図１は本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示すフローチャートであり、図２は本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示す実施例であり、図３は本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示す他の実施例である。
【００１０】
図１のフローチャートに示すように、本発明の生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造方法は、
Ａ．１１０℃〜１２０℃の温度で、ミキサーにより澱粉５０〜９０重量％と、添加剤としてのタルク５〜３０重量％と、甘味剤としてのソルビトール５〜２０重量％とを均一に混合し、その後、この均一に混合された材料を、３５〜４５℃の温度で水分の含量が１％になるように低温混合・乾燥する工程と、
Ｂ．前記低温混合・乾燥工程により得られた材料に、可塑剤としてのポリプロピレン１０〜１５重量％を添加して、加熱下で重合を行なうことにより可塑性の澱粉系コンパウンドを形成する工程と、
Ｃ．前記Ｂ工程により得られたコンパウンドをカレンダに移送しシート状に圧延し、所定のサイズに裁断してグリーンシートを形成する工程と、
Ｄ．温度が１２０〜２１０℃に設定された真空成形機或いは加熱加圧成形機を用いて、前記Ｃ工程により得られたグリーンシートを生分解性澱粉系製品に加工成形する工程と、を含む。
【００１１】
前記重合を行なうＢ工程により得た澱粉系コンパウンドは、１２０℃〜２１０℃の温度下で伸び性が具備されるので、前記Ｂ工程とＣ工程との間に、更にＢ工程により得られたコンパウンドに伸び性及び可塑性を持たせるための加熱処理を行なう工程を加えても良い。
【００１２】
又、重合を行なうＢ工程と圧延・裁断を行なうＣ工程との間において造粒を行なうＢ’工程を行い、重合工程により得た生分解性澱粉系組成物を、多軸押出造粒機で顆粒状にすると共に、小分包装を行なうことにより、収納及び搬送の利便性を高めてもよい。更に、造粒を行なうＢ’工程により得られた顆粒状の澱粉系コンパウンドに加熱処理を施すことにより、伸び性及び可塑性を持つコンパウンドに回復させ、カレンダに移送し圧延・裁断してグリーンシートとし、続いて加工を施して生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする使い捨て食器や生分解性袋などの生分解性澱粉系製品を得る。
【００１３】
前記工程により完成した生分解性澱粉系製品は、紫外線により殺菌効果が具備され、その消毒、滅菌効果は衛生基準を満たしていると共に、その殺菌効果を具備する生分解性澱粉系製品で密封包装することにより搬送や収納の利便性をより高めることができる。
【００１４】
更に、前記工程により生分解性澱粉系製品を製造する場合は、その製造工程中において蒸気或いは有機溶剤を使用しないので、廃水や廃気、廃棄物などの汚染物質の発生を防止できる。
【００１５】
図２に示すように、本発明に係る実施例により顆粒状材料により製造される生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品は、顆粒状材料（１０）を加熱処理して伸び性及び可塑性を具備させると共に、カレンダに移送し圧延してグリーンシート（２０）を得て、そのグリーンシート（２０）を真空成形機或いは加熱加圧成形機で加工することにより碗（３０）、カップ（４０）、皿、弁当箱などの、生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品を製造し、その後、殺菌、包装などの加工処理を行なって衛生基準に適合させる。
【００１６】
また、図３の実施例では、既に形成されたグリーンシート（２０）を加熱処理して伸び性及び可塑性を具備させた後、真空成形機或いは加熱加圧成形機で加工することにより碗（３０）、カップ（４０）などの、生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品を製造し、その後、殺菌、包装などの加工処理を行なって衛生基準に適合させる。
【００１７】
更に、本発明の生分解性澱粉系製品における澱粉系組成物は、以下のような成分を包含している。
（ａ）澱粉
（ｂ）可塑剤：ポリプロピレン
（ｃ）添加剤：タルク、ソルビトール
また、本発明の組成比例は、以下のようである。
その中の主要成分である澱粉は、白色の顆粒或いは粉末の高分子炭化水素であり、その澱粉を市場において入手する場合は、全て植物の種子或いは根茎中から採取された成分により製造され、食品だけではなく、接着剤や錠剤の添加物、紡績及び製紙加工などの工業用途に大量に使用されると共に、可塑剤としてのポリプロピレンは、収縮性、耐酸性、耐アルカリ性及び耐熱性に優れるため、蒸気殺菌が必要な食器や食品包装容器、耐熱性を有する食器に使用され、更に、添加剤としてのタルク（タルクパウダー）は、無機天然素材であり、日用品の粉末添加剤として使用可能で、例えば、シッカロール等がある。一方、ソルビットは食品によく見られる甘味剤として使用される。
【００１９】
本発明に使用される澱粉は、食用のとうもろこし、紅薯、馬鈴薯、キヤツサバ、米及び小麦からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも一つの食用澱粉であるため、伸び性に劣っている。故に、可塑剤としてポリプロピレンを添加して可塑性に優れた生分解性澱粉系組成物を得ることにより、生分解性澱粉系製品を製造している。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記の構成を有し、その主要成分が澱粉である生分解性澱粉系組成物により製造された生分解性澱粉系製品は、使用後２〜１２ヶ月以内に微生物により分解される。即ち、菌類及びバクテリアなどの作用により自然分解され、自然界の食物連鎖により植物の養分となるので、従来のような発泡スチロールやプラスチック材質などから製造される使い捨て食器や袋のように自然環境を汚染する心配はなく、更に、主要成分は澱粉であるので、紙製の使い捨て食器よりコストが安価であり、資源保護にも役立つ。
【００２１】
尚、上述の図１乃至図３に示す実施例は単に本発明の一部の形態であり、本明細書に示す主張の範囲内であれば生分解性澱粉系製品を如何なる形態（例えば、異なる深さを有する碗や平皿、或いは袋など）に構成させてもよく、また、容易に想到し得る範囲内であれば、当然本発明の主張範囲に属することは言うまでもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示すフローチャートである。
【図２】本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示す実施例である。
【図３】本発明に係る生分解性澱粉系組成物を原料とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造工程の流れを示す他の実施例である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 顆粒状材料
２０ グリーンシート
３０ 碗
４０ カップ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention particularly provides a biodegradable starch-based composition by mixing starch, polypropylene, talc and sorbitol at a certain ratio, and subjecting the biodegradable starch-based composition to processing, thereby reducing environmental pollution and the like. The present invention relates to a biodegradable starch-based product using a biodegradable starch-based composition as a raw material, which solves a problem in hygiene, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, tableware used in restaurants are mainly disposable tableware made of styrofoam, plastic, paper, etc., in order to satisfy customer requirements in terms of convenience and hygiene. Disposable dishes become a large amount of garbage, causing environmental pollution problems.
[0003]
Among them, trash from disposable tableware made of styrofoam and plastic materials is one of the largest causes of environmental destruction because it cannot be decomposed in the natural environment. In addition, when disposing of trash from disposable tableware made of styrofoam or plastic materials by incineration means, carcinogenic substances such as dioxins harmful to the human body are released into the air.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In light of this crisis, the government has recently begun to address the problem of disposable tableware made of styrofoam and plastic materials, and is now trying to solve the above problem by recycling. However, it is deemed that it is difficult to completely solve the problems caused by trash in disposable tableware made of styrofoam and plastic materials, and the government agency has decided to eliminate these trash and to protect the environment. In order to raise awareness, the use of disposable tableware made of Styrofoam or plastic materials has been completely banned, the amount of plastic bags used has been reduced, and laws on them have been established. As a result, the use of disposable tableware made of styrofoam or plastic material is prohibited, and the amount of plastic bags used is reduced, so that it is expected that the problem of environmental pollution due to the garbage can be solved.
[0005]
In restaurants, disposable tableware made of paper is used instead of styrofoam or plastic. However, disposable tableware made of paper is decomposable in the natural environment, and when treated by incineration means, does not generate harmful substances to the human body, but uses pulp, which leads to an increase in cost At the same time, in terms of production, unless a paper material having a certain thickness can be provided with the function as a tableware, resources are wasted.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention
50 to 90% by weight of starch, 10 to 15% by weight of polypropylene as a plasticizer, 5 to 30% by weight of talc as an additive, and 5 to 20% by weight of sorbitol as a sweetener. A biodegradable starch-based composition.
[0007]
[Action]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and according to a predetermined mixing ratio, a starch, polypropylene, talc and sorbitol are mixed to obtain a biodegradable starch-based composition, which is granulated by extrusion molding or green. Produce biodegradable starch-based products that can be decomposed in the natural environment by processing and molding after forming into sheets, so provide disposable tableware and bags that are highly convenient, environmentally friendly and hygienic. Can be.
[0008]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the flow of a process for producing a biodegradable starch-based product using the biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention as a raw material, and FIG. 2 shows the biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is an example showing a flow of a process of manufacturing a biodegradable starch-based product as a raw material, and Fig. 3 is a flow of a process of manufacturing a biodegradable starch-based product using a biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention as a raw material. This is another embodiment showing the following.
[0010]
As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1, the method for producing a biodegradable starch-based product using the biodegradable starch-based composition of the present invention as a raw material comprises:
A. At a temperature of 110 ° C. to 120 ° C., 50 to 90% by weight of starch, 5 to 30% by weight of talc as an additive, and 5 to 20% by weight of sorbitol as a sweetener are uniformly mixed by a mixer. Low-temperature mixing and drying the uniformly mixed material at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C. so that the moisture content is 1%;
B. A step of adding 10 to 15% by weight of polypropylene as a plasticizer to the material obtained by the low-temperature mixing and drying step, and performing polymerization under heating to form a plastic starch-based compound;
C. A step of transferring the compound obtained in the step B to a calendar, rolling it into a sheet, cutting the sheet into a predetermined size, and forming a green sheet;
D. Processing the green sheet obtained in the step C into a biodegradable starch-based product using a vacuum forming machine or a heating and pressing forming machine having a temperature set to 120 to 210 ° C.
[0011]
Since the starch-based compound obtained in the step B of performing the polymerization has elongation at a temperature of 120 ° C. to 210 ° C., the compound obtained in the step B and the compound obtained in the step B A step of performing a heat treatment for imparting elongation and plasticity to the film may be added.
[0012]
In addition, B ′ step of granulation is performed between the B step of performing polymerization and the C step of performing rolling and cutting, and the biodegradable starch-based composition obtained in the polymerization step is subjected to a multi-screw extrusion granulator. Convenience of storage and transportation may be enhanced by granulation and packaging in small pieces. Further, the granular starch-based compound obtained in the B ′ step of granulation is subjected to a heat treatment to recover the compound having elongation and plasticity, transferred to a calender, rolled and cut into a green sheet. Subsequently, processing is performed to obtain a biodegradable starch-based product such as a disposable tableware or a biodegradable bag using the biodegradable starch-based composition as a raw material.
[0013]
The biodegradable starch-based product completed by the above process is provided with a bactericidal effect by ultraviolet rays, and its disinfection and sterilization effects meet hygiene standards, and are hermetically sealed with a biodegradable starch-based product having the bactericidal effect. By doing so, the convenience of transportation and storage can be further improved.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the case where a biodegradable starch-based product is manufactured by the above-described process, generation of pollutants such as wastewater, waste air, and waste can be prevented since no steam or organic solvent is used during the manufacturing process.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2, a biodegradable starch-based product starting from a biodegradable starch-based composition produced from a granular material according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained by subjecting a granular material (10) to heat treatment. The green sheet (20) is transferred to a calender and rolled to obtain a green sheet (20), and the green sheet (20) is processed by a vacuum forming machine or a heat and pressure forming machine to obtain a bowl (30). ), Cups (40), dishes, lunch boxes, etc., to produce biodegradable starch-based products using biodegradable starch-based compositions as raw materials, and then perform processing such as sterilization and packaging to meet hygiene standards. To adapt.
[0016]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the green sheet (20) that has already been formed is subjected to heat treatment to provide elongation and plasticity, and then processed by a vacuum forming machine or a heating and pressing molding machine to form a bowl (30). ), Cups (40), etc., to produce a biodegradable starch-based product using the biodegradable starch-based composition as a raw material, followed by processing such as sterilization and packaging to conform to sanitary standards.
[0017]
Further, the starch-based composition in the biodegradable starch-based product of the present invention includes the following components.
(A) Starch (b) Plasticizer: polypropylene (c) Additive: talc, sorbitol The composition proportion of the present invention is as follows.
Starch, which is the main component among them, is a white granular or powdery high molecular weight hydrocarbon, and when the starch is obtained on the market, it is manufactured entirely from the components collected from plant seeds or rhizomes, Not only is it used in large quantities in industrial applications such as additives for adhesives and tablets, spinning and papermaking, and polypropylene as a plasticizer is excellent in shrinkage, acid resistance, alkali resistance and heat resistance, Used for tableware and food packaging containers that require steam sterilization, tableware with heat resistance, and talc (talc powder) as an additive is an inorganic natural material and can be used as a powder additive for daily necessities, for example, , Siccarol and the like. On the other hand, sorbitol is used as a sweetener often found in foods.
[0019]
Since the starch used in the present invention is at least one edible starch selected from the group consisting of edible corn, potato, potato, sorghum, rice and wheat, it has poor elongation. Therefore, a biodegradable starch-based product is manufactured by adding a polypropylene as a plasticizer to obtain a biodegradable starch-based composition having excellent plasticity.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The biodegradable starch-based product produced by the biodegradable starch-based composition having the above-mentioned constitution and a main component of which is starch is degraded by microorganisms within 2 to 12 months after use. In other words, it is naturally decomposed by the action of fungi and bacteria, and becomes a nutrient for plants by the natural food chain, thus contaminating the natural environment like conventional disposable dishes and bags made of styrofoam or plastic materials. Don't worry, and since the main ingredient is starch, it is less expensive than paper disposable tableware and helps to conserve resources.
[0021]
It should be noted that the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are merely a part of the present invention, and the biodegradable starch-based product may be formed in any form (for example, different forms) within the scope of the claims shown in the present specification. (A bowl, a flat plate, or a bag having a depth) may be formed. Of course, as long as it is within a range that can be easily conceived, it naturally belongs to the claimed range of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process of manufacturing a biodegradable starch-based product using a biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention as a raw material.
FIG. 2 is an example showing the flow of a process for producing a biodegradable starch-based product using the biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention as a raw material.
FIG. 3 is another example showing a flow of a process for producing a biodegradable starch-based product using the biodegradable starch-based composition according to the present invention as a raw material.
[Explanation of symbols]
10
Claims (3)
Ａ．１１０℃〜１２０℃の温度で、ミキサーにより澱粉５０〜９０重量％と、添加剤としてのタルク５〜３０重量％と、甘味剤としてのソルビトール５〜２０重量％とを均一に混合し、その後、この均一に混合された材料を、３５〜４５℃の温度で水分の含量が１％になるように低温混合・乾燥する工程と、
Ｂ．前記低温混合・乾燥工程により得られた材料に、可塑剤としてのポリプロピレン１０〜１５重量％を添加して、加熱下で重合を行なうことにより可塑性の澱粉系コンパウンドを形成する工程と、
Ｃ．前記Ｂ工程により得られたコンパウンドをカレンダーに移送しシート状に圧延し、所定のサイズに裁断してグリーンシートを形成する工程と、
Ｄ．温度が１２０〜２１０℃に設定された真空成形機或いは加熱加圧成形機を用いて、前記Ｃ工程により得られたグリーンシートを生分解性澱粉系製品に加工成形する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする生分解性澱粉系製品の製造方法。A method for producing a biodegradable starch-based product using a biodegradable starch-based composition,
A. At a temperature of 110 ° C. to 120 ° C., 50 to 90% by weight of starch, 5 to 30% by weight of talc as an additive, and 5 to 20% by weight of sorbitol as a sweetener are uniformly mixed by a mixer. Low-temperature mixing and drying the uniformly mixed material at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C. so that the moisture content is 1%;
B. A step of adding 10 to 15% by weight of polypropylene as a plasticizer to the material obtained by the low-temperature mixing and drying step, and performing polymerization under heating to form a plastic starch-based compound;
C. A step of transferring the compound obtained in the step B to a calender and rolling it into a sheet, cutting the sheet into a predetermined size to form a green sheet,
D. Processing the green sheet obtained in the step C into a biodegradable starch-based product by using a vacuum forming machine or a heating and pressing forming machine in which the temperature is set to 120 to 210 ° C. A method for producing a biodegradable starch-based product.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8052822B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2011-11-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Blends of low crystallinity, low molecular weight propylene copolymers and styrenic block copolymers |
| US9938400B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2018-04-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Propylene copolymers in soft thermoplastic blends |
| US20190264016A1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-08-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Propylene resin composition and injection-molded article thereof |
| CN114702267A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 沈阳七彩工艺品制造有限责任公司 | Degradable material and application thereof in preparation of tableware |
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2003
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8052822B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2011-11-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Blends of low crystallinity, low molecular weight propylene copolymers and styrenic block copolymers |
| US9938400B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2018-04-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Propylene copolymers in soft thermoplastic blends |
| US20190264016A1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-08-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Propylene resin composition and injection-molded article thereof |
| US10907035B2 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2021-02-02 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Propylene resin composition and injection-molded article thereof |
| CN114702267A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 沈阳七彩工艺品制造有限责任公司 | Degradable material and application thereof in preparation of tableware |
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