JP2004247359A - Coating film forming device - Google Patents

Coating film forming device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004247359A
JP2004247359A JP2003032849A JP2003032849A JP2004247359A JP 2004247359 A JP2004247359 A JP 2004247359A JP 2003032849 A JP2003032849 A JP 2003032849A JP 2003032849 A JP2003032849 A JP 2003032849A JP 2004247359 A JP2004247359 A JP 2004247359A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
coating
substrate
transfer chamber
substrate transfer
application
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JP2003032849A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Junichi Horikawa
順一 堀川
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP2003032849A priority Critical patent/JP2004247359A/en
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  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
  • Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a thick film occurring at the end of the coated region and to increase a film forming part in effective region when liquid material is applied on an optional region with a coating head with a slit-shaped opening. <P>SOLUTION: A coating film forming device is equipped with a coating unit which discharges out coating liquid on a coated substrate through a slit-shaped opening provided on a coating head, and is relatively moved in the direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the slit-shaped opening to carry out a coating operation; a coated substrate transfer chamber composed of a tray unit where the coated substrates are held; and an air-flow generating unit which produces a flow of air in an atmosphere inside a chamber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、任意の基材上に液状物を塗布して膜を形成する方法および装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、任意の基材上に液状物を塗布して膜を形成する方法として、スリット状の開口部を持つ塗布ヘッドから液状物を吐出するスリットコート法が知られている。スリットコート法によって液状物を任意の領域に塗布した際、その液状物に含まれる揮発成分を自然放置の状態で、もしくは熱エネルギー等を与えて高速に揮発させると、塗布領域の端部において厚膜となる(以降、厚膜端部)現象が現れる。
【0003】
この厚膜端部現象は、塗布領域全体の中で特に端部において塗布材料中に含まれる揮発成分の揮発速度が大きいためにその途中で表面張力が大きくなり、そこに周りの材料が集まってくるために発生することが知られている。
【0004】
厚膜端部現象により、厚みが許容範囲を逸脱する場合には、その厚膜部の内側を有効領域とせざるを得ず、塗布基板、および塗布材料の使用効率が悪くなるため、結果的にプロセスコストが増大することとなる。
【0005】
またフォトリソレジスト材等を塗布し、次にマスクを使った露光現像を行なう場合、厚膜部と平坦部との高さが大きいと必要な精度の露光が実現できない事がある。そういった場合には、厚膜部を削る等のプロセスを追加することもあり、更にプロセスコストが増大することになる。
【0006】
この厚膜端部が発生しないようにするための対策として、「複数回塗り」「粘度が小さい補助液を端部に供給」「端部への電界印加」「端部への超音波印加」等が施されている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記複数回塗りを用いた場合、1回あたりの塗布膜厚を小さくすると中央部と端部とで揮発速度の差は小さくなり厚膜端部になりにくくなる。よって複数回塗って必要な膜厚を実現すれば膜厚の有効領域を広げることが出来る。しかしながらこの方法では、自ずとタクトタイムが長くなるという問題があった。
【0008】
また、塗布する際、端部に粘度が小さい補助液を供給する事で厚膜化を防ぐ方法も考えられ、これによって表面張力勾配による面内方向の流れが小さくなるという利点があるが、塗布膜の膜質そのものに影響を与えない補助液を選ぶ必要がある。
【0009】
さらに、揮発が進行しても表面張力を大きくしない方法として電界や超音波を与える方法もあるが、電場や超音波を発生させる装置が必要となり、プロセスコストが増大する。
【0010】
以上のように厚膜端部現象を解消するためさまざまな手法が試されたが、対象となる塗布基板、塗布材料によって利用できない方法もあり、また2次的、3次的なプロセスを必要であることからプロセスコストが増大することになっていた。
【0011】
本発明は前述した問題点を鑑みてなされたものであり、前記したいかなる状況においても汎用的に利用でき、しかも可能な限りプロセスコストを抑えた方法であって、スリット状の開口部を持つ塗布ヘッドによって液状物を任意の領域に塗布した際に現れる塗布領域端部の厚膜部を解消し、かつ成膜部の有効領域を拡大することを目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前術した課題を解決するため本発明は、塗布ヘッドに形成されたスリット状の開口部から塗布基板に塗布液を吐出するとともに、該塗布ヘッドと該塗布基板を塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させて塗布を行なう塗布部と、該塗布基板に塗布された塗布膜を乾燥固化させる乾燥部とを備える塗布膜形成装置において、該塗布基板を装着するトレイ部と該塗布基板を覆い包む蓋部とにより塗布基板搬送チャンバーを構成し、該塗布基板搬送チャンバーは、該塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に気流を発生させる気流発生装置を備えている塗布膜形成装置を提供している。
【0013】
この場合、塗布基板搬送チャンバーは、トレイと蓋部とが分離すること、および蓋部の一部に周りの雰囲気と連通する開口部が空いていることが好ましい。
【0014】
また塗布基板搬送チャンバーのトレイ部に、これに装着された塗布基板に熱エネルギーを供給して塗布液体の乾燥固化を行なうための加熱機能を持っていても良い。
【0015】
さらに、気流発生装置は、前記チャンバー内の気流の風速、風量を制御する機能を有することが好ましい。また、気流を発生させる場合、塗布液体の乾燥固化を促進させるための温風供給機能を持っていても良い。
【0016】
また本発明は、塗布ヘッドに形成されたスリット状の開口部から塗布基板に塗布液を吐出して塗布膜を形成する塗布工程と、該塗布膜を塗布基板上に乾燥固定する乾燥工程とを有する塗布膜形成方法において、該塗布工程は、該塗布ヘッドと該塗布基板を塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させて塗布を行なうと同時に、該塗布基板を覆い包む蓋部を、該塗布基板に対して該塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させ、塗布膜の形成された領域を随時覆い包んでだ状態で、塗布基板搬送チャンバーを形成し、該塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に気流を発生させていること塗布膜形成方法を提案している。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施態様例を示す。
【0018】
(実施態様例1)
塗布ヘッドに形成されたスリット状の開口部から塗布基板に塗布液を吐出するとともに、該塗布ヘッドと該塗布基板を塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させて塗布を行なう塗布部と、該塗布基板に塗布された塗布膜を乾燥固化させる乾燥部とを備える塗布膜形成装置において、該塗布基板を装着するトレイ部と該塗布基板を覆い包む蓋部とにより塗布基板搬送チャンバーを構成し、該塗布基板搬送チャンバーは、該塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に気流を発生させる気流発生装置を備えていることを特徴とする塗布膜形成装置。
【0019】
(実施態様例2)
前記塗布基板搬送チャンバーのトレイ部と蓋部とは、スリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動可能であることを特徴とする実施態様例1に記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0020】
(実施態様例3)
前記気流発生装置は、基板搬送チャンバーの上面と、側面に配置されていることを、特徴とする実施態様例1または2に記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0021】
(実施態様例4)
前記気流発生装置は、基板搬送チャンバーの上面に配置され、基板搬送チャンバーの側面には、開口部が形成されていることを特徴とする実施態様例1または2に記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0022】
(実施態様例5)
前記塗布基板搬送チャンバーのトレイ部には、装着された塗布基板に熱エネルギーを供給する加熱機能が配置されていることを特徴とする実施態様例1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0023】
(実施態様例6)
前記気流発生装置が、前記チャンバー内の気流の風速、風量を制御する機能を有することを特徴とする実施態様例1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0024】
(実施態様例7)
前記気流発生装置が、前記チャンバー内に温風を供給する機能を有することを特徴とする実施態様例1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の塗布膜形成装置。
【0025】
(実施態様例8)
塗布ヘッドに形成されたスリット状の開口部から塗布基板に塗布液を吐出して塗布膜を形成する塗布工程と、該塗布膜を塗布基板上に乾燥固定する乾燥工程とを有する塗布膜形成方法において、該塗布工程は、該塗布ヘッドと該塗布基板を塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させて塗布を行なうと同時に、該塗布基板を覆い包む蓋部を、該塗布基板に対して該塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させ、塗布膜の形成された領域を随時覆い包んでだ状態で、塗布基板搬送チャンバーを形成し、該塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に気流を発生させていることを特徴とする塗布膜形成方法。
【0026】
(実施態様例9)
前記塗布工程において、前記気流発生装置は、前記塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に発生させる気流の風速、風量を制御することを特徴とする実施態様例8に記載の塗布膜形成方法。
【0027】
(実施態様例10)
前記乾燥工程において、前記気流発生装置は、前記塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に発生させる気流の風速、風量を制御することを特徴とする実施態様例8に記載の塗布膜形成方法。
【0028】
(実施態様例11)
前記乾燥工程において、前記気流発生装置は、前記塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に温風を供給して乾燥固化を行なうことを特徴とする実施態様例8に記載の塗布膜形成方法。
【0029】
(実施態様例12)
前記乾燥工程において、前記塗布基板搬送チャンバーのトレイ部に装着された、塗布基板に熱エネルギーを供給する手段により乾燥固化を行なうことを特徴とする塗布膜形成方法。
【0030】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
本実施例の塗布膜形成装置の全体の構成の概略図を図1に、装置の構成要素の一つである塗布ヘッドの概略構成図を図2に示す。図2は塗布ヘッドの構造の理解を容易にするため透視図となっている。
【0031】
図中13は塗布膜形成装置ステージで、塗布膜形成装置ステージ13上には、塗布部ステージ15と乾燥部ステージ14が隣接して配置されている。
【0030−1】
まず、塗布部ステージ15において行われる「塗布工程」について説明する。塗布基板9はトレイ1上に載置され、トレイ1は塗布ヘッド12と相対移動を行なうための塗布部ステージ15上に載置されている。塗布基板9の下には後述する「乾燥工程」で使用する塗布基板9に熱エネルギーを供給するヒータ3が配置されている。
【0032】
塗布液は塗布液タンク25から塗布液供給機構である定量ポンプ21によって塗布ヘッド12に供給される。この定量ポンプ21は、ギヤポンプ、ダイヤフラムポンプ、シリンジポンプなどの容積式ポンプを示している。また、定量ポンプの他の塗布液供給機構として、塗布液タンク25を圧力容器に入れ、この圧力容器に対して加圧ポンプにより加圧空気を供給することによって、塗布液を押し出す形式も可能である。塗布液タンク25から定量ポンプ21までの配管24の経路に必要に応じてフィルタ22、開閉弁23が設けられる。
【0033】
この定量ポンプ21から塗布ヘッド12に供給された塗布液は、ヘッド側面の長手方向の中央部にある流入口7からヘッド内に流入し、マニホールド11を経由した後、スリット6を通って吐出口5に至る。更に吐出口からヘッドの外側に吐出されると、塗布液はビード10を形成して徐々に大きくなり、やがて塗布基板9に到達する。
【0034】
その後、塗布基板9と塗布ヘッド12との相対運動を開始すると、塗布ヘッド12から供給される塗布液は塗布ヘッド吐出口5の外側のビード10を介して塗布基板9に堆積されていく。図3は、塗布ヘッド12と塗布基板9との相対運動と同時に、蓋部2もまた塗布基板9と相対移動しながら塗布基板を覆っていく様子を示した断面図である。この時、蓋部2もまた塗布基板9と相対運動をしながら徐々に塗布基板1を被っていき、同時に気流発生装置4によって蓋部2と塗布基板9との間の空間に雰囲気の流れを発生させる。この時雰囲気の流れは状況に応じてその風速、風量が制御されている。そして、塗布基板1上の所定の領域に塗布した後に塗布液の供給を停止、更に蓋部2が塗布基板を完全に被ったところで各々の相対運動を停止し「塗布工程」が完了する。
【0035】
次に乾燥ステージ14において行われる「乾燥工程」について説明する。「乾燥工程」では、塗布基板9に塗布された塗布液の溶媒等の揮発成分を除去し、塗布液を塗布膜として塗布基板9に固化させる。塗布ステージ15において、蓋部2と塗布液が塗布された塗布基板9を載置したトレイ1とを連結して、一体型の塗布基板搬送チャンバー30とし、塗布基板9を乾燥部ステージ14に不図示の手段により移動する。そして塗布基板搬送チャンバー30のトレイ部1のヒータ3により塗布基板9を加熱し、また状況に応じて蓋部2に設けた気流発生装置4の温風供給機能により温風を供給し、塗布材料中に含まれる溶媒などの揮発成分を排除し乾燥固化させる。
【0036】
図4は本実施例における塗布基板搬送チャンバー30内の気流をイメージした断面図である。図4(a)は塗布基板9と塗布ヘッド12とが相対運動する方向(矢印A)の側面からみた断面図、図4(b)は図4(a)と垂直方向から見た断面図である。図5は図4の斜視図であり、図6は塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の天井部上方から見た上面図である。気流発生装置4は、気流発生装置4は蓋部の上面に設けられており、塗布基板9と塗布ヘッド12とが相対運動する方向(矢印A)に長尺状をなしており、気流発生装置4の中央部には、チャンバー内の雰囲気を排気する細長い穴が設けられている。また、気流発生装置4は、気流発生装置4は蓋部の側面下部にも設けられており、塗布基板搬送チャンバー30内に塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の外側の雰囲気を流入させている。矢印17は、気流発生装置4により塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の側壁下側から流入する気流を示している。また矢印16は、塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の天井部からの流出する気流を示している。図6の斜線部16aは矢印16で示した気流のエリアを示している。蓋部の上面及び側面の気流発生装置4を同時に稼動させる事により、塗布基板搬送チャンバー30に気流の流れを発生させている。尚、図5、図6において気流発生装置4は省略している。
図7(a)〜図7(d)は塗布基板搬送チャンバー30内内の気流をベクトル表示した図である。図7(a)は塗布基板搬送チャンバー30内の流れの斜視図であり、左右対称形状の半分だけを表示している。図7(b)は塗布基板9の表面における気流の流れを示したに断面図である。図7(c)は塗布基板9と塗布ヘッド12とが相対運動する方向(矢印A)の中央断面図、図7(d)は図7(c)と垂直方向における中央断面図である。
【0037】
先にも述べたように、厚膜端部現象は、塗布領域全体の中で特に端部において塗布材料中に含まれる揮発成分の揮発速度が大きいため、その途中で表面張力が大きくなることが原因だということが知られている。つまり、塗布領域端部を含めて領域全体で均一に揮発させることが出来れば、その途中で表面張力の分布が発生することもなくなり、厚膜端部現象を排除することが出来る。
【0038】
塗布された材料から揮発した成分は雰囲気中に拡散していくが、塗布領域の中央部分ではその法線方向の自由度だけが存在するのに対し、塗布領域端部近傍では領域の外側に広く自由度を持つため、雰囲気に強制的な流れが存在しない静的な状態では端部の拡散速度が大きくなるのは必須である。よって、塗布領域端部の揮発速度は大きくなる。そこで塗布領域を包む雰囲気に強制的な流れを与えることで、揮発成分の拡散方向の自由度を均一にできると考えた。しかしその流速が大きいと塗布基板上に堆積した材料が流されてしまい、膜厚の偏りや風紋等が発生する恐れがある。よって塗布材料や揮発成分の種類によって適切な流速を設定する必要がある。更に揮発成分の気化は塗布基板に成膜された時には既に始まっているため、塗布している傍から雰囲気の流れを強制的に与える必要があり、そして乾燥固化が完了するまで流れを与え続ける必要がある。
【0039】
また更にプロセス時間を短縮してコストを削減することを考慮すると、塗布材料内の揮発成分の拡散と塗布材料からの気化、および気化した後の雰囲気への拡散の効率を上げるため、塗布材料および雰囲気への熱等のエネルギー供給をバランスよく行なう必要がある。
【0040】
本発明では、まず塗布ヘッドと塗布基板との相対運動と同時に蓋部2もまた塗布基板と相対移動しながら塗布基板を覆っていくこと、同時に気流発生装置4によって蓋部と基板との間の空間に雰囲気の流れを発生させること、その流れが状況に応じて風速、風量が制御されていることを特徴とする塗布工程と、塗布が完了した後は蓋部2と塗布基板を載置したトレイ1と連結して一体型の塗布基板搬送チャンバーとしてその内部の流れを保持したまま乾燥部に移動する事、トレイ部のヒーターにより塗布基板を加熱すること、また状況によってはチャンバー内の雰囲気を直接加熱して温風を供給することを特徴とする乾燥工程とを経ることにより、厚膜端部現象の縮小を実現できた。
【0041】
以上説明した本実施例の塗布装置および塗布方法を用いて塗布を行なった結果、図8の膜厚分布に示すグラフから分かるように、厚膜端部現象の縮小を実現出来た。
【0042】
なお、本実施例の塗布条件は以下の通りである。
塗布速度:5mm/sec
吐出流量:0.5mm/sec(塗布ヘッド長手方向の単位長さあたり)
ヘッド−基板間距離:130μm
ビード形成時間:改造前150msec/改造後30msec
(塗布液が吐出口から吐出を始めて基板が動き始めるまでの時間)
塗布液:汎用フォトレジスト材
塗布液粘度:4Pa・sec
塗布液表面張力:28.7mN/m
塗布液固形分濃度:18.6wt%
塗布基板:青板ガラス
塗布液と塗布基板との接触角:15°
気流発生装置条件(流速):100mm/sec(排気側)
【0043】
(実施例2)
図9は本発明の実施例2における塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面図である。図9において、図6に示した実施例1と異なるのは、斜線部16bで示した塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面からの流出する気流のエリアが、短冊状に複数存在している点である。
【0044】
図10に本実施例の塗布基板搬送チャンバー内の気流の様子を示すが、実施例1と同様な気流分布が存在し、揮発成分の拡散方向自由度を均一化していると考えられる。そして、図11に実施例1と同じ条件で塗布を行って得られた膜厚分布を示すが、実施例1と同様に厚膜端部現象の縮小が実現された。
【0045】
(実施例3)
図12は本発明の実施例3における塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面図である。図12において、図6に示した実施例1と異なるのは、斜線部16cで示した塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面からの流出する気流のエリアが、塗布基板9と塗布ヘッド12とが相対運動する方向(矢印A)と垂直方向で、気流発生装置4の中央部存在している点である。
【0046】
本実施例においても実施例1と同様な気流分布を実現することが出来るため、厚膜端部現象を縮小することが出来る。
【0047】
(実施例4)
図13は本発明の実施例4における塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面図である。図13において、図11に示した実施例2と異なるのは、斜線部16dで示した塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面からの流出する気流のエリアが、短冊状に複数存在している点である。
【0048】
本実施例においても、実施例1と同様な気流分布を実現することが出来るため、厚膜端部現象を縮小することが出来る。
【0049】
(実施例5)
図14は本発明の実施例5における塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面図である。図14において、塗布基板搬送チャンバー30の上面のほぼ全域が多孔質体18により構成されており、塗布基板搬送チャンバー30からの気流の流出エリアを、広く形成している。
【0050】
本実施例においても、実施例1と同様な気流分布を実現することが出来るため、厚膜端部現象を縮小することが出来る。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明により、スリット状の開口部を持つ塗布ヘッドによって液状物を任意の領域に塗布して薄膜を形成する際、揮発成分の拡散方向の自由度を塗布領域全体で均一にすることができ、塗布領域端部の厚膜端部現象の発生を抑えて有効領域の拡大を行なうことが出来る。
【0052】
またこれによって、従来困難だったプロセス時間を短縮しかつ材料コストを最小限にした高膜厚精度の塗布膜の形成を実現することが出来た。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1における塗布膜形成装置の全体の構成の概略図。
【図2】実施例1における塗布ヘッドの概略構成図。
【図3】実施例1における塗布の様子を示した断面図。
【図4】実施例1における塗布基板搬送チャンバー内の気流をイメージした断面図。
【図5】実施例1における塗布基板搬送チャンバー内の気流をイメージした斜視図。
【図6】実施例1における塗布基板搬送チャンバーを天井部上方から見た上面図。
【図7】実施例1における塗布基板搬送チャンバー内の気流をベクトル表示した図。
【図8】実施例1における膜厚分布を示したグラフ。
【図9】実施例2における塗布基板搬送チャンバーを天井部上方から見た上面図。
【図10】実施例2における塗布基板搬送チャンバー内の気流をイメージした斜視図。
【図11】実施例2における膜厚分布を示したグラフ。
【図12】実施例3における塗布基板搬送チャンバーを天井部上方から見た上面図。
【図13】実施例4における塗布基板搬送チャンバーを天井部上方から見た上面図。
【図14】実施例5における塗布基板搬送チャンバーを天井部上方から見た上面図。
【符号の説明】
1 トレイ部、
2 蓋部、
3 ヒータ、
4 気流発生装置、
5 吐出口、
6 スリット、
7 流入口、
8 塗布膜、
9 塗布基板、
10 ビード、
11 マニホールド、
12 塗布ヘッド、
13 塗布膜形成装置ステージ、
14 乾燥部ステージ、
15 塗布部ステージ、
21 定量ポンプ、
22 フィルタ、
23 開閉弁、
24 配管、塗布液タンク、
30 塗布基板搬送チャンバー。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a film by applying a liquid material on an arbitrary substrate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of forming a film by applying a liquid material on an arbitrary substrate, a slit coating method of discharging the liquid material from a coating head having a slit-shaped opening has been known. When a liquid material is applied to an arbitrary area by the slit coating method, when volatile components contained in the liquid material are voluntarily volatilized at a high speed by applying heat energy or the like in a state of being left naturally, a thick film is formed at an end of the application area. The phenomenon of becoming a film (hereinafter, a thick film edge) appears.
[0003]
In the thick film edge phenomenon, since the volatilization rate of the volatile component contained in the coating material is high in the entire coating area, particularly at the edge, the surface tension increases in the middle thereof, and the surrounding materials gather there. It is known that this occurs.
[0004]
If the thickness deviates from the allowable range due to the thick-film edge phenomenon, the inside of the thick-film portion must be set as an effective area, and the application efficiency of the coating substrate and the coating material is deteriorated. Process costs will increase.
[0005]
In the case where a photolitho resist material or the like is applied and then exposure and development are performed using a mask, if the height of the thick film portion and the flat portion is large, exposure with the required accuracy may not be realized. In such a case, a process such as cutting the thick film portion may be added, which further increases the process cost.
[0006]
As measures to prevent the thick film edge from being generated, “multiple coatings”, “supply of low viscosity auxiliary liquid to the edge”, “application of an electric field to the edge”, “application of ultrasonic waves to the edge” And so on.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of using a plurality of coatings, if the coating thickness per coating is reduced, the difference in the volatilization rate between the central portion and the end portion becomes small, and the end portion of the thick film is unlikely to be formed. Therefore, if the required film thickness is achieved by applying a plurality of times, the effective area of the film thickness can be expanded. However, this method has a problem that the tact time naturally increases.
[0008]
In addition, a method of preventing thickening by supplying an auxiliary liquid having a low viscosity to the end portion during coating may be considered. This has an advantage that a flow in an in-plane direction due to a surface tension gradient is reduced. It is necessary to select an auxiliary solution that does not affect the film quality itself.
[0009]
Furthermore, there is a method of applying an electric field or an ultrasonic wave as a method of not increasing the surface tension even if volatilization proceeds, but a device for generating an electric field or an ultrasonic wave is required, and the process cost is increased.
[0010]
As described above, various methods have been tried to eliminate the thick film edge phenomenon, but there are methods that cannot be used depending on the target coating substrate and coating material, and secondary and tertiary processes are required. This led to an increase in process costs.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, is a method that can be generally used in any of the above-described situations, and is a method in which the process cost is reduced as much as possible. It is an object of the present invention to eliminate a thick film portion at an end of a coating area which appears when a liquid material is applied to an arbitrary area by a head, and to enlarge an effective area of a film forming section.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention discharges a coating liquid to a coating substrate from a slit-shaped opening formed in a coating head, and forms the coating head and the coating substrate with a slit-shaped opening of the coating head. A tray for mounting the coating substrate in a coating film forming apparatus including a coating unit for performing coating by relatively moving in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the coating substrate and a drying unit for drying and solidifying the coating film coated on the coating substrate A coating substrate transfer chamber is configured by a portion and a lid portion that covers the coating substrate, and the coating substrate transfer chamber includes a coating film forming apparatus including an airflow generation device that generates an airflow in the coating substrate transfer chamber. providing.
[0013]
In this case, it is preferable that the tray and the lid are separated from each other in the application substrate transfer chamber, and that an opening communicating with the surrounding atmosphere is opened in a part of the lid.
[0014]
Further, the tray portion of the application substrate transfer chamber may have a heating function for supplying thermal energy to the application substrate mounted thereon to dry and solidify the application liquid.
[0015]
Further, it is preferable that the airflow generation device has a function of controlling the wind speed and the airflow of the airflow in the chamber. Further, when an airflow is generated, a hot air supply function for promoting drying and solidification of the application liquid may be provided.
[0016]
The present invention also includes a coating step of forming a coating film by discharging a coating liquid onto a coating substrate from a slit-shaped opening formed in a coating head, and a drying step of drying and fixing the coating film on the coating substrate. In the method of forming a coating film having the coating step, the coating step is performed by moving the coating head and the coating substrate relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head. The cover portion to be wrapped is moved relative to the coating substrate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head, and the region where the coating film is formed is covered as needed. A method for forming a coating film is proposed in which a substrate transfer chamber is formed and an air flow is generated in the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0018]
(Embodiment example 1)
While discharging the coating liquid to the coating substrate from the slit-shaped opening formed in the coating head, the coating head and the coating substrate are relatively moved in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head. In a coating film forming apparatus including a coating unit for performing coating, and a drying unit for drying and solidifying a coating film applied to the coating substrate, a tray unit for mounting the coating substrate and a lid unit that covers the coating substrate. A coating film forming apparatus, comprising a coating substrate transfer chamber, wherein the coating substrate transfer chamber includes an airflow generator for generating an airflow in the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0019]
(Embodiment 2)
The coating film forming apparatus according to the first embodiment, wherein the tray portion and the lid portion of the coating substrate transfer chamber are relatively movable in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening.
[0020]
(Embodiment 3)
The coating film forming apparatus according to the first or second embodiment, wherein the airflow generator is disposed on an upper surface and a side surface of the substrate transfer chamber.
[0021]
(Embodiment example 4)
The coating film forming apparatus according to the first or second embodiment, wherein the airflow generating device is disposed on an upper surface of the substrate transfer chamber, and an opening is formed on a side surface of the substrate transfer chamber.
[0022]
(Embodiment 5)
The coating film according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein a heating function for supplying thermal energy to the mounted coating substrate is arranged in a tray portion of the coating substrate transfer chamber. Forming equipment.
[0023]
(Embodiment example 6)
The coating film forming apparatus according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the airflow generating device has a function of controlling a wind speed and a flow rate of an airflow in the chamber.
[0024]
(Embodiment 7)
The coating film forming apparatus according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the airflow generating device has a function of supplying warm air into the chamber.
[0025]
(Embodiment 8)
A coating film forming method comprising: a coating step of forming a coating film by discharging a coating liquid onto a coating substrate from a slit-shaped opening formed in a coating head; and a drying step of drying and fixing the coating film on the coating substrate. In the coating step, the coating head and the coating substrate are relatively moved in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head to perform coating, and at the same time, a lid covering the coating substrate is covered. The coating substrate transfer chamber is formed in a state where the coating substrate is moved relative to the coating substrate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head and covers the region where the coating film is formed as needed. And forming an air flow in the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0026]
(Embodiment 9)
The coating film forming method according to an eighth embodiment, wherein, in the coating step, the airflow generation device controls a wind speed and a flow rate of an airflow generated in the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0027]
(Embodiment example 10)
The method for forming a coating film according to the eighth embodiment, wherein in the drying step, the airflow generation device controls a wind speed and a flow rate of an airflow generated in the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0028]
(Embodiment example 11)
The method for forming a coating film according to the eighth embodiment, wherein in the drying step, the airflow generating device performs drying and solidification by supplying warm air into the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0029]
(Embodiment 12)
The method of forming a coating film, wherein in the drying step, drying and solidification is performed by means for supplying thermal energy to the coating substrate, which is mounted on a tray of the coating substrate transfer chamber.
[0030]
【Example】
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the entire configuration of the coating film forming apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coating head which is one of the components of the apparatus. FIG. 2 is a perspective view for easy understanding of the structure of the coating head.
[0031]
In the drawing, reference numeral 13 denotes a coating film forming apparatus stage, on which a coating section stage 15 and a drying section stage 14 are arranged adjacent to each other.
[0030]
First, the “coating process” performed in the coating unit stage 15 will be described. The coating substrate 9 is placed on the tray 1, and the tray 1 is placed on a coating unit stage 15 for performing relative movement with the coating head 12. Below the coating substrate 9, a heater 3 for supplying thermal energy to the coating substrate 9 used in a “drying process” described later is arranged.
[0032]
The coating liquid is supplied from the coating liquid tank 25 to the coating head 12 by the metering pump 21 which is a coating liquid supply mechanism. The metering pump 21 is a positive displacement pump such as a gear pump, a diaphragm pump, and a syringe pump. As another application liquid supply mechanism of the metering pump, a type in which the application liquid tank 25 is put into a pressure vessel and pressurized air is supplied to the pressure vessel by a pressure pump to thereby extrude the application liquid. is there. A filter 22 and an on-off valve 23 are provided as necessary in a path of a pipe 24 from the application liquid tank 25 to the metering pump 21.
[0033]
The coating solution supplied from the metering pump 21 to the coating head 12 flows into the head from the inflow port 7 located at the center in the longitudinal direction of the side surface of the head, passes through the manifold 11, and then passes through the slit 6 to the discharge port. Reaches 5. When the coating liquid is further discharged from the discharge port to the outside of the head, the coating liquid forms beads 10 and gradually increases, and eventually reaches the coating substrate 9.
[0034]
Thereafter, when the relative movement between the coating substrate 9 and the coating head 12 is started, the coating liquid supplied from the coating head 12 is deposited on the coating substrate 9 via the bead 10 outside the coating head discharge port 5. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the cover 2 covers the application substrate while the lid 2 also moves relative to the application substrate 9 simultaneously with the relative movement between the application head 12 and the application substrate 9. At this time, the lid 2 also gradually covers the coating substrate 1 while relatively moving with the coating substrate 9, and at the same time, the flow of the atmosphere into the space between the lid 2 and the coating substrate 9 by the airflow generator 4. generate. At this time, the wind speed and air volume of the atmosphere flow are controlled according to the situation. Then, after application to a predetermined area on the application substrate 1, the supply of the application liquid is stopped, and further, when the lid 2 completely covers the application substrate, the relative movement of each is stopped, and the “application step” is completed.
[0035]
Next, the “drying step” performed in the drying stage 14 will be described. In the “drying step”, volatile components such as a solvent of the coating liquid applied to the coating substrate 9 are removed, and the coating liquid is solidified on the coating substrate 9 as a coating film. In the coating stage 15, the lid 2 and the tray 1 on which the coating substrate 9 coated with the coating liquid are placed are connected to form an integrated coating substrate transport chamber 30. It is moved by the means shown. Then, the coating substrate 9 is heated by the heater 3 of the tray unit 1 of the coating substrate transfer chamber 30, and hot air is supplied by the hot air supply function of the airflow generator 4 provided on the lid unit 2 depending on the situation, thereby applying the coating material. Volatile components such as a solvent contained therein are eliminated and dried and solidified.
[0036]
FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating an image of an air flow in the application substrate transfer chamber 30 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the side in a direction (arrow A) in which the coating substrate 9 and the coating head 12 relatively move, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view as viewed from a direction perpendicular to FIG. is there. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 as viewed from above the ceiling. The airflow generating device 4 is provided on the upper surface of the lid portion, and has an elongated shape in a direction (arrow A) in which the coating substrate 9 and the coating head 12 relatively move. At the center of 4, an elongated hole for exhausting the atmosphere in the chamber is provided. The airflow generating device 4 is also provided at a lower portion of the side surface of the lid, and allows the atmosphere outside the coating substrate transfer chamber 30 to flow into the coating substrate transfer chamber 30. An arrow 17 indicates an airflow flowing from the lower side wall of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 by the airflow generation device 4. An arrow 16 indicates an airflow flowing out of the ceiling of the application substrate transfer chamber 30. 6 indicates an airflow area indicated by an arrow 16. By simultaneously operating the air flow generating devices 4 on the upper surface and the side surface of the lid, an air flow is generated in the application substrate transfer chamber 30. 5 and 6, the airflow generating device 4 is omitted.
FIGS. 7A to 7D are diagrams in which the air flow in the application substrate transfer chamber 30 is represented by vectors. FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the flow in the application substrate transfer chamber 30 and shows only a half of the symmetrical shape. FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the flow of the air flow on the surface of the application substrate 9. 7C is a central sectional view in a direction (arrow A) in which the application substrate 9 and the application head 12 relatively move, and FIG. 7D is a central sectional view in a direction perpendicular to FIG. 7C.
[0037]
As described above, the thick film edge phenomenon is a phenomenon in which the surface tension is increased in the middle of the entire coating area because the volatilization rate of the volatile component contained in the coating material is high particularly at the edge. It is known to be the cause. In other words, if it is possible to volatilize uniformly over the entire region including the end portion of the coating region, the distribution of surface tension does not occur in the middle, and the phenomenon of the end portion of the thick film can be eliminated.
[0038]
Components volatilized from the applied material diffuse into the atmosphere, but only the degree of freedom in the normal direction exists in the central part of the applied area, whereas the area near the edge of the applied area is wide outside the area. In order to have a degree of freedom, it is essential that the diffusion speed at the end portion be high in a static state where there is no forced flow in the atmosphere. Therefore, the volatilization rate at the end of the application area increases. Therefore, it was considered that the degree of freedom in the diffusion direction of the volatile component can be made uniform by giving a forced flow to the atmosphere surrounding the application region. However, if the flow velocity is high, the material deposited on the application substrate is washed away, and there is a possibility that unevenness in film thickness, wind ripples and the like may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to set an appropriate flow rate according to the type of the coating material and the volatile component. Furthermore, since vaporization of volatile components has already begun when the film is formed on the coating substrate, it is necessary to forcibly apply the flow of the atmosphere from the side where the coating is being performed, and it is necessary to continue to supply the flow until drying and solidification is completed. There is.
[0039]
Considering further shortening the process time and reducing the cost, in order to increase the efficiency of the diffusion of volatile components in the coating material, the vaporization from the coating material, and the diffusion to the atmosphere after vaporization, the coating material and It is necessary to supply energy such as heat to the atmosphere in a well-balanced manner.
[0040]
In the present invention, first, the cover 2 covers the coating substrate while moving relative to the coating substrate simultaneously with the relative movement of the coating head and the coating substrate. An application process characterized by generating an atmosphere flow in the space, the flow being controlled in accordance with the situation, and a wind speed and an air volume, and after the application is completed, the lid 2 and the application substrate are placed. It is connected to the tray 1 to move to the drying section while maintaining the flow inside the integrated coating substrate transfer chamber as an integral type, and the coating substrate is heated by the heater of the tray section. Through a drying step characterized by supplying warm air by direct heating, reduction of the thick film edge phenomenon could be realized.
[0041]
As a result of performing the coating using the coating apparatus and the coating method of the present embodiment described above, as can be seen from the graph shown in the film thickness distribution of FIG.
[0042]
The application conditions in this example are as follows.
Coating speed: 5mm / sec
Discharge flow rate: 0.5 mm 3 / sec (per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the coating head)
Head-substrate distance: 130 μm
Bead formation time: 150 msec before remodeling / 30 msec after remodeling
(Time from when the coating liquid starts discharging from the discharge port until the substrate starts to move)
Coating solution: General-purpose photoresist material Coating solution viscosity: 4 Pa · sec
Coating liquid surface tension: 28.7 mN / m
Coating liquid solids concentration: 18.6 wt%
Coating substrate: Contact angle between the coating liquid of blue sheet glass and coating substrate: 15 °
Air flow generator conditions (flow velocity): 100 mm / sec (exhaust side)
[0043]
(Example 2)
FIG. 9 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that a plurality of strip-shaped airflow areas from the upper surface of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 indicated by the hatched portions 16b are present. .
[0044]
FIG. 10 shows the state of the air flow in the coating substrate transfer chamber of the present embodiment. It is considered that the air flow distribution similar to that in the first embodiment exists, and the degree of freedom in the diffusion direction of the volatile component is made uniform. FIG. 11 shows the film thickness distribution obtained by performing the coating under the same conditions as in Example 1. As in Example 1, the reduction of the thick film edge phenomenon was realized.
[0045]
(Example 3)
FIG. 12 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that the area of the airflow flowing out from the upper surface of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 indicated by the hatched portion 16c is due to the relative movement of the application substrate 9 and the application head 12. This is a point that exists in the center of the airflow generation device 4 in the direction perpendicular to the direction (arrow A).
[0046]
Also in the present embodiment, the same airflow distribution as in the first embodiment can be realized, so that the thick film edge phenomenon can be reduced.
[0047]
(Example 4)
FIG. 13 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 13, the difference from the second embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is that a plurality of strip-shaped airflow areas from the upper surface of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 indicated by hatched portions 16d are present. .
[0048]
Also in the present embodiment, the same airflow distribution as in the first embodiment can be realized, and thus the thick film edge phenomenon can be reduced.
[0049]
(Example 5)
FIG. 14 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In FIG. 14, almost the entire upper surface of the application substrate transfer chamber 30 is formed of the porous body 18, and the outflow area of the airflow from the application substrate transfer chamber 30 is widened.
[0050]
Also in the present embodiment, the same airflow distribution as in the first embodiment can be realized, and thus the thick film edge phenomenon can be reduced.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when a liquid material is applied to an arbitrary region by a coating head having a slit-shaped opening to form a thin film, the degree of freedom in the diffusion direction of the volatile component is made uniform over the entire application region. Thus, the effective area can be expanded while suppressing the occurrence of the thick film edge phenomenon at the edge of the application area.
[0052]
In addition, this has made it possible to shorten the process time, which has been difficult in the past, and to form a coating film with high film thickness accuracy while minimizing the material cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a coating film forming apparatus according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coating head according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of application in Example 1.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an image of an airflow in a coating substrate transfer chamber in the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating an image of an air flow in a coating substrate transfer chamber in the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber in Example 1 as viewed from above the ceiling.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an air flow in a coating substrate transfer chamber in a vector according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a film thickness distribution in Example 1.
FIG. 9 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber in Example 2 as viewed from above the ceiling.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating an image of an air flow in a coating substrate transfer chamber according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing a film thickness distribution in Example 2.
FIG. 12 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber in Example 3 as viewed from above the ceiling.
FIG. 13 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber in Example 4 as viewed from above the ceiling.
FIG. 14 is a top view of the application substrate transfer chamber in Example 5 as viewed from above the ceiling.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 tray section,
2 lid,
3 heater,
4 airflow generator,
5 outlets,
6 slits,
7 Inlet,
8 coating film,
9 coating substrate,
10 beads,
11 manifold,
12 coating head,
13 coating film forming apparatus stage,
14 drying section stage,
15 coating stage
21 metering pump,
22 filters,
23 on-off valve,
24 piping, coating liquid tank,
30 Coating substrate transfer chamber.

Claims (1)

塗布ヘッドに形成されたスリット状の開口部から塗布基板に塗布液を吐出するとともに、該塗布ヘッドと該塗布基板を塗布ヘッドのスリット状の開口部の長手方向に直交する方向に相対移動させて塗布を行なう塗布部と、該塗布基板に塗布された塗布膜を乾燥固化させる乾燥部とを備える塗布膜形成装置において、
該塗布基板を装着するトレイ部と該塗布基板を覆い包む蓋部とにより塗布基板搬送チャンバーを構成し、該塗布基板搬送チャンバーは、該塗布基板搬送チャンバー内に気流を発生させる気流発生装置を備えていることを特徴とする塗布膜形成装置。
While discharging the coating liquid to the coating substrate from the slit-shaped opening formed in the coating head, the coating head and the coating substrate are relatively moved in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped opening of the coating head. In a coating film forming apparatus including a coating unit for performing coating and a drying unit for drying and solidifying a coating film applied to the coating substrate,
A tray for mounting the coating substrate and a lid covering the coating substrate constitute a coating substrate transfer chamber, and the coating substrate transfer chamber includes an airflow generating device for generating an airflow in the coating substrate transfer chamber. A coating film forming apparatus.
JP2003032849A 2003-02-10 2003-02-10 Coating film forming device Pending JP2004247359A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004318111A (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-11-11 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Colored photosensitive resin composition
JP2008233778A (en) * 2007-03-23 2008-10-02 Fujifilm Corp Method for forming photosensitive resin film for black matrix, photosensitive transfer material, substrate with black matrix, color filter and method for manufacturing the same, and display device
JP2009258152A (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-11-05 Hoya Corp Method of manufacturing mask blank, and method of manufacturing photomask
JP2014140791A (en) * 2013-01-22 2014-08-07 Honda Motor Co Ltd Coating device of viscous material

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004318111A (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-11-11 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Colored photosensitive resin composition
JP4506224B2 (en) * 2003-03-28 2010-07-21 住友化学株式会社 Colored photosensitive resin composition
JP2008233778A (en) * 2007-03-23 2008-10-02 Fujifilm Corp Method for forming photosensitive resin film for black matrix, photosensitive transfer material, substrate with black matrix, color filter and method for manufacturing the same, and display device
JP2009258152A (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-11-05 Hoya Corp Method of manufacturing mask blank, and method of manufacturing photomask
JP2014140791A (en) * 2013-01-22 2014-08-07 Honda Motor Co Ltd Coating device of viscous material

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