JP2004242447A - Magnetic levitated arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy-saving magnetic levitated arrangement which is of simple structure using permanent magnets and does not three-dimensionally come into contact with surroundings at any angle. <P>SOLUTION: The magnetic levitated arrangement utilizes repulsive force between the magnetic poles of permanent magnets. Its magnetic levitated portion is a levitated magnetic shell 10 whose upper face and lower face are magnetized in opposite magnetic poles 1. The magnetic levitated arrangement is constituted as follows: there is a gap 100 between the levitated magnetic shell 10 and fixed magnets 20 disposed around the magnetic shell 10, and the magnetic shell 10 is trapped in the gap. The gap is determined so that, even if the levitated magnetic shell 10 is moved within the gap, it constantly receives repulsive force. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for magnetically levitating a plate magnet, which reduces loss by magnetically levitating, enables driving such as rotation from the outside, and can be used as a gyro or a display device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, non-contact bearings such as motors and rotating bodies, as well as magnetic levitation of carriers, have used permanent magnets and electromagnets that use the attraction and repulsion forces, as well as magnetism that uses diamagnetism based on the superconducting Meissner effect. Many levitation devices have been reported.
[0003]
However, the main component is to levitate against gravity, and it is common to use a guide rail, a support shaft, and a bogie to prevent left-right fluctuation.
[0004]
In addition, a large-scale apparatus has been used, such as using an electromagnet and a position sensor, detecting left and right shakes with a sensor, and controlling the electromagnets to prevent the shake.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if there is a guide rail or a support shaft, friction here becomes a problem, and an unsupported floating body floating in the air at any angle in three dimensions has been required.
[0006]
In addition, a magnetic levitation control system using a position sensor has been required to have a simple structure such as a problem of electric power and a problem of response speed.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving magnetic levitation device that has a simple structure using a permanent magnet and does not contact the surroundings at any angle in three dimensions.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a magnetic levitation device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a magnetic levitation device utilizing repulsion between magnetic poles of a permanent magnet, wherein the magnetic levitation is a floating plate magnet 10; The floating plate magnet 10 has a structure in which the floating plate magnet 10 is confined with a gap between the floating plate magnet 10 and a fixed magnet 20 arranged around the floating plate magnet 10. The lower surface is magnetized by the magnetic poles 1 opposite to each other. Even if the floating plate magnet 10 moves in the gap, the closest magnetic pole of the fixed magnet 20 to the magnetic pole 1 of the floating plate magnet 10 is The spacing of the air gap is set so as to maintain the opposite magnetic pole 1, and the repulsive force between the magnetic pole 1 of the floating plate magnet 10 and the magnetic pole 1 of the surrounding fixed magnet 20 opposes the floating plate. Structure in which magnet 10 magnetically levitates Which was configured to be, the use of the repulsive force between magnetic poles of the permanent magnets, without the need for power to the magnetic levitation itself, energy saving to, and structures can be provided a simple magnetic levitation body.
[0009]
In the magnetic levitation apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, a plate magnet whose upper and lower surfaces are magnetized by the magnetic poles 1 opposite to each other is disposed on the upper and lower sides as the fixed magnet 20 so as to sandwich the floating plate magnet 10. The upper and lower plate magnets 21 and 23 are spaced apart from each other so that the magnetic pole 1 of the floating plate magnet 10 and the magnetic poles 1 of the upper and lower plate magnets 21 and 23 repel each other. In this case, the fixed magnet 20 prepares two plate magnets and attaches them via a spacer, etc., so that the floating plate magnets 10 leave a gap therebetween and repel each other. It is easy to manufacture and has a simple structure.
[0010]
The magnetic levitation device according to claim 3 of the present invention has a structure in which at least three upper, middle, and lower fixed magnets 20 are overlapped and joined to each other, and at least a part of the middle magnet among them. In this case, the floating plate magnet 10 is confined in the cavity 110. In this case, an independent plate magnet is prepared, and except for the floating plate magnet 10, the structure is joined by an adhesive or the like so as to repel each other via a spacer corresponding to the gap 100, and is simple and easy to manufacture. It is.
[0011]
The magnetic levitation device according to claim 4 of the present invention provides the upper and lower plate magnets 21 and 23 such that the magnetic pole 1 is localized around the slit 300 to increase the repulsive force contributing to magnetic levitation. Is a case where the slit 300 is formed in at least one of them. When slits 300 are generally provided in the upper and lower plate magnets 21 and 23, which are the fixed magnets 20, the magnetic poles 1 appear strongly around the slits 300. Is provided, there is an advantage that the magnetic poles 1 around the floating plate magnet 10 and the magnetic poles 1 around the floating plate magnet 10 repel each other, so that magnetic levitation becomes easier.
[0012]
The magnetic levitation device according to claim 5 of the present invention is the case where the semiconductor layer 50 is provided on the floating plate magnet 10. A floating plate magnet 10 is formed by attaching a plate magnet on one side or both sides of a chip such as a silicon single crystal semiconductor to the upper and lower fixed magnets 20 so as to repel each other, or A semiconductor layer 60 such as amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon is formed on the magnet 10, and a solar cell, an integrated circuit, and the like can be formed here.
[0013]
The magnetic levitation device according to claim 6 of the present invention is a case where an electronic circuit such as an integrated circuit or an electronic device 55 such as a solar cell or a sensor is formed on the semiconductor layer 50.
[0014]
The magnetic levitation device according to claim 7 of the present invention is a case in which the conductor layer 60 is provided on the floating plate magnet 10. For example, when a rotating magnetic field or the like is applied from the outside, an eddy current flows through the conductor layer 60, The floating plate magnet 10 rotates due to the interaction with the magnetic field due to. Thus, the conductor layer 60 can be used to drive the floating plate magnet 10 from the outside.
[0015]
In the magnetic levitation apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention, a hole 200 is formed in at least one of the upper and lower plate magnets 21 and 23 so that a part of the floating plate magnet 10 is exposed. Through the hole 200, the state of rotation of the floating plate magnet 10 can be observed, laser light can be irradiated, and a change in the color applied to the floating plate magnet 10 can be observed. Of course, it is better to close the hole 200 with a transparent non-magnetic material so that dust such as iron powder does not enter.
[0016]
In the magnetic levitation apparatus according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the floating plate magnet 10 is provided with a region sensitive to electricity, magnetism or light, and externally supplies electric, magnetic or light energy to this region. In the case where the floating plate magnet 10 can be driven, for example, if a large number of electrostatic drive electrodes are provided in the area corresponding to the periphery of the floating plate magnet 10 and the fixed portion as an electrically responsive area, It can also be rotated manually, a conductor is formed as a region sensitive to magnetism, and irregularities are formed around the floating plate magnet 10, and irregularities are formed on the fixed magnet 20 on the floating plate magnet 10 side. If the magnetic pole 1 is easily exposed, the magnetic field can be rotated from the outside, so that the magnetic pole 1 can be smoothly rotated or a switching operation can be performed so that a click is effective. In addition, light can be applied through a window to generate power using a solar cell or the like formed on the floating plate magnet 10, and the power can be used as an energy source for electrostatic driving or magnetic driving.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a magnetic levitation device according to the present invention. A fixed magnet 2020 has an upper plate whose upper surface and lower surface are substantially uniformly magnetized to an N pole and an S pole. It has a structure in which a gap is provided with a non-magnetic material filling adhesive 500 so that three plate magnets, a magnet 21, a middle plate magnet 22, and a lower plate magnet 23, repel each other, and are joined together. In this state, the floating plate magnets 10 made of the same plate magnets as the upper, middle and lower plate magnets are not joined but are repelled by the surrounding magnetic poles 1 and float in the air. Is held in.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the upper plate magnet 21 and the lower plate magnet 23 are divided by a donut-shaped slit 300 so as to remain in a disk shape like the floating plate magnet 10, and the magnetic pole 1 is provided around the slit 300. Are easily exposed.
[0020]
In the experiment, the diameter of the floating plate magnet 10 was 10 mm, and the thickness was about 1 mm. The width of the slit 300 is set to 0.3 mm. A sheet-like plate magnet in which a magnetic material powder was put in polyimide or epoxy resin was used as the upper plate magnet 21, the lower plate magnet 23, and the floating plate magnet 10.
[0021]
Further, the donut-shaped slit 300 is filled with the non-magnetic filling adhesive 500, and the upper plate magnet 21a of the divided central portion, the upper plate magnet 21b of the peripheral portion, and the lower plate magnet 21b of the divided central portion are formed. The plate magnet 23a and the plate magnet 23b on the lower side of the peripheral portion are respectively integrated.
[0022]
Also, with respect to the upper and lower magnetic poles 1 of the floating plate magnet 10, the closest magnetic pole 1 of the surrounding upper, middle, and lower plate magnets 21, 22, and 23 moves the floating plate magnet 10. The dimensions of the air gap 100 and the thickness of the floating plate magnet 10 and the like are determined so that the magnetic poles 1 (for example, the N poles or the S poles) have the same type even when they move in the air gap 100. In the experiment, the size of the gap 100 was set to about 0.3 mm. The size of the gap 100 is such that even if the floating plate magnet 10 having a thickness of 1 mm moves in the gap 100 having a thickness of about 0.3 mm, the magnetic pole 1 of the floating plate magnet 10 is always in contact with any of the magnetic poles 1 facing the fixed magnet 2020 in the vicinity. On the other hand, since the magnetic poles 1 of the same type are maintained in the closest magnetic pole 1, it can be seen that a repulsive force is always generated and the floating plate magnet 10 works to float.
[0023]
Further, the diameter of the floating plate magnet 10 and the diameter of the upper plate magnet 21a and the lower plate magnet 23a at the center are made different from each other so that repulsion between the magnetic poles 1 is strengthened.
[0024]
The plate magnet 21a on the upper side of the central portion has a hole 200 at the substantially central portion thereof so that the state of the floating plate magnet 10 inside can be observed through the hole 200 and gas or liquid can be injected. It has become.
[0025]
FIG. 2 is a schematic bird's-eye view of the magnetic levitation apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 above, and also highlights a floating plate magnet 10 that cannot be seen from the outside.
[0026]
In order to further reduce the size of the above-mentioned floating plate magnet 10 and make the gaps and the slits 300 finer, if formed by a known photofabrication, accuracy and reproducibility will be good.
[0027]
Embodiment 2
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the magnetic levitation apparatus according to the present invention, which is almost the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that a transparent plate is provided in a hole 200 provided in the upper plate magnet 21a at the center. The floating plate magnet 10 has a hole 210 formed therein so that light can be emitted therefrom and used as an observation window. The floating plate magnet 10 is also provided with a hole 210, and the magnetic pole 1 of the floating plate magnet 10 is also exposed. Further, optical information from the lower undivided lower plate magnet 23 is also obtained.
[0028]
Embodiment 3
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the magnetic levitation apparatus of the present invention, which is almost the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that the middle plate magnet 22 in FIG. 1 is present. Instead, a transparent plate 250 is used as a spacer, the upper plate magnet 21 and the lower plate magnet 23 are joined, and optical information, an optical signal and optical energy are transmitted through the transparent plate 250 here. In addition, the thickness of the floating plate magnet 10 and the thicknesses of the upper plate magnet 21a and the lower plate magnet 23a at the center are changed to provide a cavity 110110. Also, even if the floating plate magnet 10 moves, a repulsive force is always exerted, and it is manufactured in consideration of the gap 100 and the thickness thereof so that the floating plate magnet 10 can float even if it is rotated three-dimensionally.
[0029]
When a rotating magnetic field is generated by attaching a known rotating magnetic field generator using a shading coil or the like to the outside, the fixed magnet 20 does not move but the floating plate magnet 10 is rotated. It should be noted that if the periphery of the floating plate magnet 10 is made uneven or the magnetism is made uneven, it becomes easier to rotate.
[0030]
In addition, by providing irregularities around the floating plate magnet 10 or providing irregularities in the magnetism, it is possible to ensure that there is a stable click position where the floating plate magnet 10 is effective. It can also be stopped at a rotation angle.
[0031]
For example, when the floating plate magnet 10 is rotated at a constant speed and the magnetic levitation device of the present invention is moved, a Coriolis force acts on the floating plate magnet 10, and the movement of the floating plate magnet 10 is observed. Can also be used as
[0032]
Embodiment 4
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the magnetic levitation apparatus of the present invention, which is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above, except that the floating plate magnet 10 is different from the upper floating plate magnet 10a and the lower floating plate magnet 10a. And a semiconductor such as a silicon single crystal in which an electronic device 55 including a solar cell and its peripheral circuit is formed as a region sensitive to light between these two layers. The point is that 50 chips are inserted and joined.
[0033]
Another difference is that a ferromagnetic material 70 such as a ring-shaped ferrite is attached to the periphery of the upper floating plate magnet 10a and the lower floating plate magnet 10b. The magnetic pole 1 is not exposed to the outside between the floating plate magnet 10b.
[0034]
A laser beam or the like is irradiated from the outside through a window of the transparent plate 250, and light energy is converted into electric energy using a solar cell or a peripheral circuit in a chip of the semiconductor layer 50 formed on the floating plate magnet 10. After conversion, the rotation of the floating plate magnet 10 can be controlled and measured using the mounted sensor and electronic circuit, and information can be exchanged with the outside by electromagnetic wave signal emission to the outside. .
[0035]
Embodiment 5
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the magnetic levitation apparatus of the present invention, which is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 above, except that the vicinity of the center of the floating plate magnet 10 is made relatively thin. And the fact that the floating plate magnet 10 has a structure in which the moment of inertia is increased and that the floating plate magnet 10 is rotated by electromagnetic induction by an externally mounted rotating magnetic field generator. When the layer 60 is formed, the marker 400 attached to the periphery of the floating plate magnet 10 can be seen through the transparent plate 250, and when the marker 400 of various colors is attached, it can be displayed. It can be used.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, the floating plate magnet 10 having a large moment of inertia can be obtained, which is suitable for application as a gyroscope.
[0037]
In addition, if information is displayed by emitting a signal or changing the reflectance as a marker 400 by using energy supplied from the outside by the floating plate magnet 10 as a marker 400, a rotary display device without friction is also provided. it can.
[0038]
The above-described embodiment is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and it is apparent that there are many variations of the present invention while the gist, operation, and effects of the present invention are the same.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the magnetic levitation apparatus of the present invention, since the repulsive force between the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets is used, the magnetic levitation itself does not require electric power, is energy saving, and has a simple structure. A magnetic levitation can be provided.
[0040]
Generally, when the fixed magnet 20 is provided with the slit 300, the magnetic pole 1 appears strongly around the slit 300. Therefore, when the slit 300 is provided along the periphery of the floating plate magnet 10, the magnetic pole 1 around the floating plate magnet 10 is provided. And the magnetic poles 1 around the floating plate magnet 10 repel each other, so that the magnetic levitation becomes easier.
[0041]
Since the semiconductor layer 50 can be provided on the floating plate magnet 10, an electronic device 55 such as a solar cell, a sensor, an integrated circuit, a display or a control circuit can be formed. Also, transmission and reception of energy and signals are facilitated.
[0042]
Since the floating plate magnet 10 is provided with a region sensitive to electricity, magnetism or light, an electric, magnetic or light energy can be supplied to this region from the outside to drive the floating plate magnet 10 without friction. There is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic bird's-eye view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is another embodiment of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is another embodiment of the magnetic levitation device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic pole 10 Floating plate magnet 20 Fixed magnet 21, 21a, 21b Upper plate magnet 22 Middle plate magnet 23, 23a, 23b Lower plate magnet 50 Semiconductor 55 Electronic device 60 Conductor 70 Ferromagnetic body 100 Air gap 110 Cavity 200 , 210 hole 250 transparent plate 300 slit 400 marker 500 non-magnetic filling adhesive

Claims (9)

In a magnetic levitation device utilizing a repulsive force between the magnetic poles (1) of a permanent magnet, the magnetic levitation is a floating plate magnet (10), which is disposed around the floating plate magnet (10). The floating plate magnet (10) has a structure in which the floating plate magnet (10) is confined with an air gap (100) between the fixed magnet (20) and the upper and lower surfaces of the floating plate magnet (10). (1) is magnetized, and even if the floating plate magnet (10) moves in the air gap (100), the magnetic pole (1) of the floating plate magnet (10) is The spacing of the air gaps (100) is set so that the closest magnetic pole of the magnetic pole (1) is maintained at the opposite magnetic pole (1), and the magnetic pole (1) of the floating plate magnet (10) is Due to the repulsion of the surrounding fixed magnet (20) with the magnetic pole (1), this Magnetic levitation device, characterized in that 遊板 magnet (10) became a structure in which magnetic levitation. On the upper and lower sides of the floating plate magnet (10), plate magnets (21, 23) as fixed magnets (20) whose upper and lower surfaces are magnetized by magnetic poles (1) opposite to each other, respectively, and the floating plate magnet (10) The magnetic poles (1) of the floating plate magnet (10) and the magnetic poles (1) of the upper and lower plate magnets (21, 23) are positioned so as to repel each other. 2. The magnetic levitation device according to claim 1, wherein the lower plate magnet and the lower plate magnet are fixedly joined at an interval. The fixed magnet (20) has a structure in which at least three upper, middle and lower magnets are stacked and joined to each other, and at least a part of the middle magnet is hollowed out and has a cavity (110). The magnetic levitation device according to claim 1, wherein the floating plate magnet (10) is confined in the cavity (110). A slit (300) is formed in at least one of the upper and lower plate magnets (21, 23), and its position is determined by the magnetic pole (1) localized around the slit (300). The magnetic levitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the position is such that the repulsive force contributing to magnetic levitation of the floating plate magnet (10) is large. The magnetic levitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the floating plate magnet (10) is provided with a semiconductor layer (50). The magnetic levitation device according to claim 5, wherein an electronic circuit or an electronic device (55) is formed on the semiconductor layer (50). The magnetic levitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the floating plate magnet (10) is provided with a conductor layer (60). A magnetic levitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a hole is formed in at least one of the upper and lower plate magnets (21, 23) so that a part of the floating plate magnet (10) is exposed. . The floating plate magnet (10) is provided with a region sensitive to electricity, magnetism or light, so that electric, magnetic or light energy can be externally supplied to this region to drive the floating plate magnet (10). The magnetic levitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

Images