JP2004232069A - Copper-based alloy, and material for heat radiating plate obtained by using the copper-based alloy - Google Patents

Copper-based alloy, and material for heat radiating plate obtained by using the copper-based alloy Download PDF

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JP2004232069A
JP2004232069A JP2003024983A JP2003024983A JP2004232069A JP 2004232069 A JP2004232069 A JP 2004232069A JP 2003024983 A JP2003024983 A JP 2003024983A JP 2003024983 A JP2003024983 A JP 2003024983A JP 2004232069 A JP2004232069 A JP 2004232069A
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copper
based alloy
vickers hardness
weight
heat sink
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JP4057436B2 (en
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Hideki Endo
秀樹 遠藤
Yuichi Kanemitsu
裕一 金光
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Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
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Dowa Mining Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a copper-based alloy which has excellent thermal conductivity, and has excellent reliability in a solder joint on an assembling stage and on use, and to provide a material for a heat radiating plate obtained by using the copper-based alloy. <P>SOLUTION: A copper-based alloy having a composition comprising at least one or more of elements selected from Fe, Co, Ni and Mg and P in an amount of 0.01 to 2.0 wt.% in total, and the balance copper with inevitable impurities, and having a thermal conductivity of ≥300 W/m×K, an electric conductivity of ≥80% IACS, and a Vickers hardness HV of ≥90, wherein the Vickers hardness after heating at 400°C for 10 min is ≥90% of that before the heating is joined to a material different from the copper based alloy member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料に関し、特に、パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板用の銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
パワー半導体モジュールは、半導体素子、銅またはアルミニウムのパターン、絶縁板、導体層および放熱板などから構成される半導体装置であり、エアコンや洗濯機などの家電製品や、インバータなどの産業用機器に広く使用され、さらに、ハイブリット車の普及に伴い、車載用に広く使用されている。
【0003】
これらのパワー半導体モジュールの放熱板は、パワー半導体モジュールから発生する熱を効率良く放散する必要があり、また、放熱板が回路の一部として利用される場合もあるので、電気的な損失を少なくし、さらには通電時の発熱を少なくするために、熱伝導性および電気伝導性に優れていることが求められている。
【0004】
その他にもパワー半導体モジュールの放熱板に求められる特性は多様であり、例えば、組立工程において、放熱板は金属−セラミックス接合基板にはんだで接合されるので、はんだ接合部の健全性が重要であり、また、放熱板はヒートシンクに取り付けられるので、はんだ接合後の放熱板の平坦度が重要である。
【0005】
また、パワー半導体モジュールは、使用時において作動状況に応じて温度変化が激しく、熱膨張係数が異なる金属−セラミックス接合基板と放熱板の間のはんだ接合部には、応力が負荷される。このようなヒートサイクル環境下において、はんだ接合部にクラックなどの欠陥が発生せず、健全であることが求められており、−40〜125℃で各1時間ずつ保持したヒートサイクル試験において、一般の産業用では300サイクル以上、車載用では1000サイクル以上、用途に応じて3000サイクル以上で健全であることが望まれている。
【0006】
以上のように、パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板は、熱伝導性などの多様な要求を満足する必要があり、放熱板の材料として、熱伝導性に優れ且つコスト的にも優れた銅基合金が広く使用されている。放熱板の材料として一般に使用されている高い熱伝導率の無酸素銅は、200〜350℃で数分間の接合によって軟化して、組立後に放熱板の平坦性を得ることが難しい。無酸素銅以外の材料として、析出強化型銅基合金であるCu−(Fe、Co、Ni、Mg)−P系合金は、熱伝導性および導電率に優れ且つ高い強度や耐熱性を有するので、放熱板に適した材料である。
【0007】
しかし、これら銅基合金の熱膨張係数は16×10―6〜18×10―6/Kであり、パワー半導体モジュールの金属−セラミックス絶縁基板に使用されるAlNやAlなどの熱膨張係数や、半導体チップに使用されるSiなどの熱膨張係数は、いずれも10×10―6/K未満であるので、これらの銅基合金を放熱板の材料として使用する場合には、組立工程およびヒートサイクル環境におけるはんだ接合部の信頼性が課題とされていた。
【0008】
例えば、パワー半導体モジュールのアセンブリ工程において、放熱板に金属−セラミックス接合基板をはんだ接合すると、はんだの凝固に伴って熱膨張係数の差によって放熱板の裏面(金属−セラミックス接合基板と反対側の面)が凹状に反ってしまう。このように反った状態で放熱板にヒートシンクをねじ止めしても、接触面積が少ないので、必要とする放熱性を得ることができない。また、ヒートシンクと放熱板の接触面積を増大させるためにねじ止め箇所を増加して接合すると、はんだ接合部にクラックが発生したり、金属−セラミックス絶縁基板が割れるおそれがある。したがって、組立後の放熱板の平坦性が課題となっていた。
【0009】
さらに、ヒートサイクル環境においては、放熱板の材料である銅基合金の熱膨張係数と金属−セラミックス絶縁基板の材料であるAlNやAlの熱膨張係数が異なるため、はんだ接合部に応力が加わり、はんだ接合部にクラックが発生してしまう。したがって、はんだ接合部のヒートサイクル信頼性が課題となっていた。
【0010】
熱膨張係数が半導体チップや金属−セラミックス絶縁基板と近いAl−SiC、Cu−Mo、Cu−W、Cu−CuOなどを材料とする放熱板は、パワー半導体モジュールの組立後の平坦性やヒートサイクル信頼性に優れており、高信頼性が必要とされる車載用パワー半導体モジュールに使用されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−206126号公報(段落番号0004)
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これらの材料の熱膨張係数を10×10―6/K未満にすると、熱伝導性が220W/m・K未満になるため、パワー半導体モジュールの小型化、軽量化および高機能化を阻害する要因となっている。
【0013】
また、熱伝導性に優れ且つパワー半導体モジュールの組立後の平坦性やヒートサイクル信頼性に優れた放熱板の材料として、銅基合金と異種材料を接合したクラッド材料が適している。このようなクラッド材料を得るため、異種材料としてW、Mo、Si、Cu−W、Cu−MoまたはCu−SiCを使用することにより放熱板の熱膨張係数を小さくし且つ異種材料を銅基合金に接合することにより熱伝導性を向上させる試みがなされたが、十分な特性の放熱板用クラッド材料は得られていない。
【0014】
また、このような放熱板用クラッド材料に使用される銅基合金は、異種金属との接合および圧延加工後において、熱伝導性に優れ且つパワー半導体モジュールの組立後の平坦性に優れた特性を必要とするため、耐熱性や材料の強度が優れていることも必要とされる。
【0015】
したがって、本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑み、熱伝導性に優れ且つアセンブリ工程および使用時におけるはんだ接合部の信頼性に優れた銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料を提供することを目的とする。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究した結果、熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上の銅基合金を使用することにより、熱伝導性に優れ且つアセンブリ工程および使用時におけるはんだ接合部の信頼性に優れた銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料を提供することができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0017】
すなわち、本発明による銅基合金は、熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上であることを特徴とする。
【0018】
この銅基合金は、Fe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなるのが好ましい。また、銅基合金は、さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有してもよい。
【0019】
また、本発明による放熱板用材料は、熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上の銅基合金が、この銅基合金部材と異なる材料に接合されたことを特徴とする。
【0020】
この放熱板用材料において、銅基合金がFe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなるのが好ましい。また、銅基合金が、さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有してもよい。また、銅基合金が、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒と粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を含むのが好ましい。さらに、銅基合金と異なる材料が、Si、WまたはMo、これらの酸化物、炭化物または窒化物、あるいはCu−W、Cu−MoまたはCu−SiCであるのが好ましい。
【0021】
さらに、本発明による放熱板用材料の製造方法は、Fe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなる銅基合金を、この銅基合金の融点T(℃)の1/2以上の温度(℃)、好ましくは700℃以上の温度で、この銅基合金と異なる材料と接合した後に、加工率10〜80%で冷間圧延加工を行い、その後、400〜550℃の温度で10分〜6時間加熱することを特徴とする。
【0022】
この放熱板用材料の製造方法において、銅基合金の熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上であるのが好ましい。また、銅基合金が、さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有してもよい。また、銅基合金が、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒と粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を含むのが好ましい。さらに、銅基合金と異なる材料が、Si、WまたはMo、これらの酸化物、炭化物または窒化物、あるいはCu−W、Cu−MoまたはCu−SiCであるのが好ましい。
【0023】
また、本発明によるパワー半導体モジュールは、上記のいずれかの放熱板材料からなる放熱板を用いたことを特徴とする。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料の実施の形態を説明する。
【0025】
パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板の主な役割は、半導体素子から発生する熱を吸収して、外部へ伝達することである。近年、放熱板は、放熱性だけではなく、回路の一部として使用される場合もあるので電気的な損失や発熱の観点から電気伝導性も必要になっている。そのため、放熱板用の銅基合金の熱伝導率は、300W/m・K以上、好ましくは350W/m・K以上であり、導電率は、80%IACS以上、好ましくは90%IACS以上であることが必要である。
【0026】
また、放熱板は、パワー半導体モジュールの補強材の役割を果たすため、機械的な強度も必要である。また、放熱板は、プレス加工により成形されるので、プレス抜き性に優れていることも重要である。そのため、放熱板用の銅基合金のビッカース硬さは、HV90以上であることが必要であり、好ましくはHV100以上である。
【0027】
また、放熱板は、アセンブリ時に400℃以下で約10分以内に基板やチップにはんだ接合される。はんだ接合時に放熱板が軟化すると、接合後に放熱板の平坦性を得ることができず、また、ヒートサイクル環境下では熱応力により放熱板が変形してしまう。放熱板を異種材料と接合した場合にもアセンブリ後の放熱板の平坦性を維持するためには、銅基合金の強度が重要となり、銅基合金が400℃で10分間加熱後に軟化しないこと、具体的には、銅基合金のビッカース硬さが加熱前の90%以上であることが必要であり、銅基合金のビッカース硬さが加熱後に全く低下しないことが好ましい。
【0028】
熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱しても軟化しない銅基合金としては、析出物を利用した銅基合金が適している。析出強化を利用した銅基合金は、導電率や熱伝導率を著しく低下させずに硬さや耐熱性を向上させることができる。
【0029】
また、銅基合金の材料の溶解時に脱酸効果が大きいPを添加することにより、大気中で安定した品質の銅基合金を製造することができる。また、Pは他の元素と結合して銅中に析出物を形成し易い元素である。特に、Fe、Co、Ni、Mgなどの元素をPとともに添加することにより、析出物を形成させることができる。
【0030】
このように、(Fe、Co、Ni、Mg)−P系析出物を利用するためには、Fe、Co、Ni、Mgのうち少なくとも1種以上とPを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有する必要がある。0.01重量%未満では、析出物の量が少ないので必要とする強度および耐熱性が得られず、一方、2.0重量%より多いと、必要とする熱伝導率および導電率を得ることができないからである。
【0031】
さらに、銅基合金は、0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有してもよい。これらの元素を微量に固溶または析出させることにより、銅基合金の硬さや耐熱性を向上させることができる。これらの元素の総量を0.01〜1.0重量%にするのは、0.01重量%未満ではその効果が小さく、1.0重量%より多いと必要とする熱伝導率および導電率を得ることができないからである。
【0032】
銅基合金の熱膨張係数はチップや金属−セラミックス接合基板の熱膨張係数より大きいため、ヒートサイクル環境下においてはんだ接合部の高い信頼性を得ることができない。そのため、銅基合金に異種材料を接合することにより、放熱板の熱膨張係数を小さくするのが好ましい。この異種材料としては、熱膨張係数が低いW、Mo、Siなどの元素や、これらの酸化物、炭化物または窒化物を使用するのが好ましい。さらに熱伝導性や導電率を向上させるためには、Cu−W、Cu−Mo、Cu−SiCなどを使用してもよい。
【0033】
銅基合金と異種材料との接合は、熱拡散を利用して行うので、高温で行う必要がある。そのため、銅基合金の融点T(℃)の1/2以上の温度(℃)(?(1/2)T(℃))で行う必要があり、700℃以上の温度で行うのが好ましい。
【0034】
その後、圧延加工を行うことにより目的の形状に成形するとともに、接合時の熱処理により軟化した銅基合金を加工硬化させて強度を向上させる。この圧延加工における加工率が大きい場合には、材料が加工硬化して目的の厚さまで圧延することができない場合があるので、圧延加工の途中で500℃以上の温度に加熱してもよい。500℃より低い温度であると、材料を十分に軟化させることができず、圧延加工が困難になるからである。また、この圧延加工の途中で加熱する温度を700℃以上にすると、銅基合金と異種材料との接合力が向上するので好ましい。なお、この圧延加工を繰り返して、最後の圧延加工における加工率を10〜80%とするのが好ましい。10%未満であると必要とするビッカース硬さを得ることができず、一方、80%より高いと必要とする耐熱性を得ることができないからである。
【0035】
圧延加工後に400〜550℃の温度で10分〜6時間加熱することにより、析出物を形成させ、必要とする熱伝導率、導電率およびビッカース硬さを得ることができる。加熱温度が400℃より低い場合や加熱時間が10分間より短い場合には、析出物を十分に形成させることができないので、必要とする熱伝導率および導電率を得ることができず、一方、加熱時間が550℃より高い場合には、析出物の再固溶により、必要とする熱伝導率および導電率を得ることができず、さらに材料が軟化して硬さも不十分になり、また、加熱時間が6時間より長い場合には、材料が軟化して硬さが不十分になるからである。
【0036】
異種材料と接合して冷間圧延および加熱を施した銅基合金の組織は、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒と粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒により構成されるのが好ましい。粒径50μm以上の結晶粒は異種金属と接合する際の加熱により形成される。その後の圧延および加熱によって部分的に再結晶が起こり、粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒および析出物が形成される。粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒が形成されない場合は、固溶元素の析出も不十分であり、必要とする熱伝導率および導電率を得ることができない。また、再結晶が進行して粒径50μm以上の結晶粒が存在しない場合は、冷間圧延の加工硬化によって得られた硬さが低下してしまい、固溶元素の析出も不十分である。
【0037】
【実施例】
以下、本発明による銅基合金およびその銅基合金を使用する放熱板用材料の実施例について詳細に説明する。
【0038】
[実施例1〜5、比較例1〜4]
表1に化学成分(重量%)を示す各銅基合金を高周波誘導溶解炉を用いて溶製し、40×40×150(mm)の鋳塊を鋳造した。その後、40×40×30(mm)の試験片を切り出し、900℃で60分間均質化処理を行い、厚さ8.0mmまで熱間圧延し、水冷および酸洗を行った。その後、冷間圧延と焼鈍を繰り返して、厚さ3.0mmの試験片を作製した。
【0039】
【表1】

Figure 2004232069
【0040】
このようにして得られた実施例1〜5および比較例1〜4の各銅基合金の試験片について、熱伝導率、導電率、ビッカース硬さおよび400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さを測定した。その結果を表2に示す。なお、熱伝導率は、熱伝導率測定装置を用いて測定し、導電率およびビッカース硬さは、それぞれJISH0505およびJISZ2244に準拠して測定した。また、400℃で10分間の加熱は、図1に示すように、試験片10を純銅板12に挟んでホットプレート14上に載せ、温度制御装置16によって温度を制御しながら行った。
【0041】
【表2】
Figure 2004232069
【0042】
表2の結果から、実施例1〜5の銅基合金では、いずれも熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%以上、加熱前のビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前の90%以上である。したがって、実施例1〜5の銅基合金は、パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板の材料として優れている。
【0043】
これに対して、Fe、Co、NiおよびMgを含有しない比較例1および2の銅基合金や、FeおよびPを含有しているが、その総量が0.01重量%未満の比較例3の銅基合金は、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前の90%未満であるために劣っている。また、FeとPの含有量が合計2.0重量%を超えている比較例4の銅基合金は、熱伝導率が300W/m・K未満、導電率が80%IACS未満であることから劣っている。
【0044】
[実施例6〜13、比較例5〜20]
実施例2と同じ組成の銅基合金を、異種材料との接合時の温度に相当する800℃または900℃で60分間加熱(以下「加熱1」という)し、5〜90%の加工率で冷間圧延(以下「圧延1」という)した後に300〜600℃で60分間加熱(以下「加熱2」という)した各銅基合金について、熱伝導率、導電率、ビッカース硬さおよび結晶粒径を測定した。結晶粒径は、銅基合金の表面をエメリー紙で研磨した後にバフ研磨およびエッチングを行い、光学顕微鏡を用いて観察し、JISH0501に準拠して求めた。これらの結果を表3および表4に示す。なお、表4において、50μm以上、1〜20μmおよび1〜10μmの結晶粒径が存在する場合を○、存在しない場合を×で示している。
【0045】
【表3】
Figure 2004232069
【0046】
【表4】
Figure 2004232069
【0047】
表3および表4の結果から、実施例6〜13の銅基合金は、加熱1、圧延1および加熱2を行うことにより、熱伝導率300W/m・K以上、導電率80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さHV90以上であり、粒径50μm以上と1〜20μmの結晶粒から構成された銅基合金になっている。したがって、実施例6〜13の銅基合金は、パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板の材料として異種材料と接合した場合にも優れている。
【0048】
これに対して、加熱1のみ行った比較例5および6の銅基合金や、加工率5%で圧延を行った比較例7および11の銅基合金は、熱伝導率、導電率およびビッカース硬さのいずれも必要とされる数値に達しておらず、粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を得ることができないために劣っている。加熱1の後に加工率30〜90%で圧延して加熱2を行わなかった比較例8〜9および12〜14の銅基合金と、加熱1の後に加工率70%で圧延し、300℃の温度で加熱2を行った比較例15および17の銅基合金は、ビッカース硬さHV90以上を満たしているが、熱伝導率および導電率が必要とされる数値に達しておらず、粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を得ることができないために劣っている。また、加熱1の後に加工率70%で圧延した後に600℃の温度で加熱2を行った比較例16および18の銅基合金と、加熱1の後に加工率90%で圧延し、500℃の温度で加熱2を行った比較例19および20の銅基合金は、熱伝導率300W/m・K以上、導電率80%以上であるが、ビッカース硬さがHV80未満であり、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒が存在していないために劣っている。
【0049】
[実施例14〜17、比較例21〜22]
実施例2と同じ組成の銅基合金を、800℃で30分間加熱(以下「加熱3」という)し、異種金属であるCu−65%Moと接合して、加工率57%で冷間圧延(以下「圧延2」という)した後に、500℃で0.5〜8時間加熱(以下「加熱4」という)した接合材の各銅基合金について、熱導電率、導電率、ビッカース硬さ、さらに接合材を400℃で10分間加熱(以下「加熱5」という)した後のビッカース硬さを測定した。その結果を表5に示す。
【0050】
【表5】
Figure 2004232069
【0051】
表5の結果から、実施例14〜17の銅基合金は、加熱3、圧延2および加熱4を行うことにより、熱伝導率300W/m・K以上、導電率80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さHV90以上の銅基合金になっている。さらに加熱5を行った後のビッカース硬さもHV90以上であり、加熱5を行う前のビッカース硬さの90%以上の値に達している。したがって、実施例14〜17の銅基合金は、パワー半導体モジュールの放熱板の材料として異種材料と接合した場合にも優れている。
【0052】
これに対して、加熱3と圧延2まで行った比較例21の銅基合金は、ビッカース硬さHV90以上を満たしているが、熱伝導率および導電率が必要とされる数値に達していないために劣っている。また、加熱3と圧延2を行った後に500℃で8時間加熱した比較例22の銅基合金は、熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率80%以上であるが、ビッカース硬さがHV80未満であるために劣っている。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
上述したように、本発明による銅基合金は、強度、熱伝導性、電気伝導性、耐熱性およびプレス加工性に優れているとともに、本発明による銅基合金を異種材料と接合し、その後の圧延および加熱により、銅基合金部分の強度、熱伝導性および耐熱性を向上させて、接合前と同等の特性を得ることができる。したがって、本発明による銅基合金を異種材料と接合することにより製造した放熱板は、アセンブリ時における平坦性や、ヒートサイクル環境下における放熱板と金属−セラミックス絶縁基板やチップとの間のはんだ接合部の信頼性に優れており、この放熱板を用いて動作信頼性に優れたパワー半導体モジュールを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】試験片の加熱装置を概略的に示す側面図。
【符号の説明】
10 試験片
12 純銅板
14 ホットプレート
16 温度制御装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a copper base alloy and a heat sink material using the copper base alloy, and more particularly to a copper base alloy for a heat sink of a power semiconductor module and a heat sink material using the copper base alloy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Power semiconductor modules are semiconductor devices composed of semiconductor elements, copper or aluminum patterns, insulating plates, conductor layers and heat sinks, and are widely used in household appliances such as air conditioners and washing machines, and industrial equipment such as inverters. In addition, with the widespread use of hybrid vehicles, they are widely used in vehicles.
[0003]
These power semiconductor module heatsinks must efficiently dissipate the heat generated from the power semiconductor module, and the heatsink may be used as part of the circuit, reducing electrical loss. Furthermore, in order to reduce heat generation during energization, it is required to have excellent thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.
[0004]
In addition, there are various characteristics required for the heat sink of the power semiconductor module. For example, in the assembly process, the heat sink is joined to the metal / ceramic bonding board with solder, so the soundness of the solder joint is important. Moreover, since the heat sink is attached to the heat sink, the flatness of the heat sink after soldering is important.
[0005]
Further, in the power semiconductor module, a stress is applied to the solder joint portion between the metal-ceramic joint substrate and the heat radiating plate having a severe temperature change according to the operating state during use and having different thermal expansion coefficients. Under such a heat cycle environment, defects such as cracks are not generated in the solder joint, and it is required to be healthy, and in a heat cycle test held at -40 to 125 ° C. for 1 hour each, It is desired to be healthy in 300 cycles or more for industrial use, 1000 cycles or more for in-vehicle use, and 3000 cycles or more depending on applications.
[0006]
As described above, the heat radiating plate of the power semiconductor module needs to satisfy various requirements such as thermal conductivity. As a material of the radiating plate, a copper-based alloy having excellent thermal conductivity and excellent cost is used. Widely used. Oxygen-free copper with high thermal conductivity, which is generally used as a material for the heat sink, is softened by bonding for several minutes at 200 to 350 ° C., and it is difficult to obtain flatness of the heat sink after assembly. As a material other than oxygen-free copper, a Cu- (Fe, Co, Ni, Mg) -P alloy, which is a precipitation-strengthened copper-based alloy, is excellent in thermal conductivity and conductivity, and has high strength and heat resistance. It is a material suitable for a heat sink.
[0007]
However, the thermal expansion coefficients of these copper-based alloys are 16 × 10 −6 to 18 × 10 −6 / K, and the thermal expansion of AlN, Al 2 O 3 or the like used for the metal-ceramic insulating substrate of the power semiconductor module. The coefficient and the thermal expansion coefficient of Si and the like used for the semiconductor chip are both less than 10 × 10 −6 / K. Therefore, when these copper-based alloys are used as the material of the heat sink, the assembly process In addition, the reliability of solder joints in a heat cycle environment has been a problem.
[0008]
For example, in the assembly process of a power semiconductor module, when a metal-ceramic bonding substrate is soldered to a heat sink, the back surface of the heat sink (the surface opposite to the metal-ceramic bonding substrate is caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient as the solder solidifies. ) Warps in a concave shape. Even if the heat sink is screwed to the heat radiating plate in such a warped state, the required heat dissipation cannot be obtained because the contact area is small. In addition, if the number of screwing points is increased and joined to increase the contact area between the heat sink and the heat sink, cracks may occur in the solder joint or the metal-ceramic insulating substrate may break. Therefore, the flatness of the heat sink after assembly has been a problem.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the heat cycle environment, the thermal expansion coefficient of the copper-based alloy, which is the material of the heat sink, and the thermal expansion coefficient of AlN or Al 2 O 3 , which are the materials of the metal-ceramic insulating substrate, are different. And cracks occur in the solder joints. Therefore, the heat cycle reliability of the solder joint has been a problem.
[0010]
A heat sink made of Al-SiC, Cu-Mo, Cu-W, Cu-Cu 2 O, etc., whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of a semiconductor chip or a metal-ceramic insulating substrate, It is excellent in heat cycle reliability and is used in an in-vehicle power semiconductor module that requires high reliability (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-206126 A (paragraph number 0004)
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the thermal expansion coefficient of these materials is less than 10 × 10 −6 / K, the thermal conductivity will be less than 220 W / m · K, which hinders miniaturization, weight reduction, and higher functionality of power semiconductor modules. Is a factor.
[0013]
Further, a clad material in which a copper-based alloy and a dissimilar material are joined is suitable as a material for a heat sink having excellent thermal conductivity and flatness after assembly of a power semiconductor module and excellent heat cycle reliability. In order to obtain such a cladding material, the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat sink is reduced by using W, Mo, Si, Cu-W, Cu-Mo or Cu-SiC as the dissimilar material, and the dissimilar material is made of a copper-based alloy. Attempts have been made to improve the thermal conductivity by bonding to, but a clad material for a heat sink having sufficient characteristics has not been obtained.
[0014]
In addition, the copper-based alloy used for such a heat sink clad material has excellent thermal conductivity and flatness after assembly of the power semiconductor module after joining and rolling with dissimilar metals. Therefore, the heat resistance and the strength of the material are also required to be excellent.
[0015]
Therefore, in view of such conventional problems, the present invention provides a copper base alloy having excellent thermal conductivity and excellent reliability of the solder joints during assembly process and use, and a heat sink using the copper base alloy The purpose is to provide materials.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the thermal conductivity is 300 W / m · K or more, the conductivity is 80% IACS or more, the Vickers hardness is HV90 or more, and heated at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. Copper base alloy with excellent thermal conductivity and reliability of solder joints during assembly process and use by using a copper base alloy whose Vickers hardness after heating is 90% or more of the Vickers hardness before heating And it discovered that the material for heat sinks which uses the copper base alloy could be provided, and came to complete this invention.
[0017]
That is, the copper-based alloy according to the present invention has a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or higher, an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or higher, a Vickers hardness of HV90 or higher, and a Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes before heating. It is characterized by being 90% or more of the Vickers hardness.
[0018]
This copper-based alloy preferably contains 0.01 to 2.0% by weight in total of at least one element of Fe, Co, Ni and Mg and P, with the balance being made of copper and inevitable element impurities. Further, the copper-based alloy further comprises 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Sn, 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Zn, 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Zr, 0.01% You may contain 0.01-1.0 weight% of at least 1 or more types of elements among% -1.0 weight% Ti and 0.01-1.0 weight% Ag.
[0019]
The heat sink material according to the present invention has a heat conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more, a conductivity of 80% IACS or more, a Vickers hardness of HV90 or more, and a Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. A copper base alloy having 90% or more of the previous Vickers hardness is bonded to a material different from that of the copper base alloy member.
[0020]
In this heat sink material, the copper-based alloy contains 0.01 to 2.0% by weight in total of at least one element of Fe, Co, Ni and Mg and P, with the balance being made of copper and inevitable element impurities. Preferably it is. Further, the copper-based alloy is further 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zr, 0.01 You may contain 0.01-1.0 weight% of at least 1 or more types of elements among% -1.0 weight% Ti and 0.01-1.0 weight% Ag. Moreover, it is preferable that a copper base alloy contains a crystal grain with a particle size of 50 micrometers or more and a crystal grain with a particle diameter of 1-20 micrometers. Furthermore, the material different from the copper base alloy is preferably Si, W or Mo, oxides, carbides or nitrides thereof, or Cu—W, Cu—Mo or Cu—SiC.
[0021]
Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the heat sink material according to the present invention contains 0.01 to 2.0% by weight in total of at least one element of Fe, Co, Ni and Mg and P, with the balance being copper and inevitable. After joining a copper base alloy composed of elemental impurities with a material different from this copper base alloy at a temperature (° C.) of ½ or more of the melting point T (° C.) of the copper base alloy, preferably 700 ° C. or more. Cold rolling is performed at a processing rate of 10 to 80%, followed by heating at a temperature of 400 to 550 ° C. for 10 minutes to 6 hours.
[0022]
In this method for manufacturing a heat sink material, the copper-based alloy has a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or higher, an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or higher, a Vickers hardness of HV90 or higher, and a Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. Is preferably 90% or more of the Vickers hardness before heating. Further, the copper-based alloy is further 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zr, 0.01 You may contain 0.01-1.0 weight% of at least 1 or more types of elements among% -1.0 weight% Ti and 0.01-1.0 weight% Ag. Moreover, it is preferable that a copper base alloy contains a crystal grain with a particle size of 50 micrometers or more and a crystal grain with a particle diameter of 1-20 micrometers. Furthermore, the material different from the copper base alloy is preferably Si, W or Mo, oxides, carbides or nitrides thereof, or Cu—W, Cu—Mo or Cu—SiC.
[0023]
A power semiconductor module according to the present invention is characterized by using a heat sink made of any one of the above heat sink materials.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a copper base alloy and a heat sink material using the copper base alloy according to the present invention will be described.
[0025]
The main role of the heat radiating plate of the power semiconductor module is to absorb the heat generated from the semiconductor element and transmit it to the outside. In recent years, heat sinks are required not only for heat dissipation but also for electrical conductivity from the viewpoint of electrical loss and heat generation because they may be used as a part of a circuit. Therefore, the heat conductivity of the copper-based alloy for the heat sink is 300 W / m · K or more, preferably 350 W / m · K or more, and the conductivity is 80% IACS or more, preferably 90% IACS or more. It is necessary.
[0026]
Moreover, since the heat sink plays the role of a reinforcing material for the power semiconductor module, it needs mechanical strength. Moreover, since the heat sink is formed by press working, it is also important that the heat release plate is excellent in press punchability. Therefore, the Vickers hardness of the copper-based alloy for the heat sink needs to be HV90 or more, and preferably HV100 or more.
[0027]
In addition, the heat sink is soldered to the substrate or chip within about 10 minutes at 400 ° C. or lower during assembly. If the heat sink is softened during solder joining, the flatness of the heat sink cannot be obtained after joining, and the heat sink is deformed by thermal stress in a heat cycle environment. In order to maintain the flatness of the heat sink after assembly even when the heat sink is joined to a different material, the strength of the copper base alloy is important, and the copper base alloy should not be softened after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes, Specifically, the Vickers hardness of the copper base alloy needs to be 90% or more before heating, and it is preferable that the Vickers hardness of the copper base alloy does not decrease at all after heating.
[0028]
A copper-based alloy using precipitates as a copper-based alloy having a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more, an electrical conductivity of 80% or more, a Vickers hardness of HV90 or more, and not softening even when heated at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. Is suitable. A copper-based alloy using precipitation strengthening can improve hardness and heat resistance without significantly reducing electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity.
[0029]
Further, by adding P having a large deoxidation effect when the copper-based alloy material is dissolved, a copper-based alloy having a stable quality in the atmosphere can be produced. Further, P is an element that is easily combined with other elements to form precipitates in copper. In particular, a precipitate can be formed by adding an element such as Fe, Co, Ni, Mg together with P.
[0030]
Thus, in order to use (Fe, Co, Ni, Mg) -P-based precipitates, at least one of Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg and P in total 0.01 to 2.0 wt. % Content is required. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the required strength and heat resistance cannot be obtained because the amount of the precipitate is small. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.0% by weight, the necessary thermal conductivity and conductivity can be obtained. It is because it is not possible.
[0031]
Further, the copper-based alloy comprises 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zr, and 0.01 to 1.0 wt%. You may contain 0.01-1.0 weight% of at least 1 or more types of elements among 1.0 weight% Ti and 0.01-1.0 weight% Ag. By dissolving or precipitating these elements in a minute amount, the hardness and heat resistance of the copper base alloy can be improved. The effect of making the total amount of these elements 0.01 to 1.0% by weight is small if the amount is less than 0.01% by weight, and the thermal conductivity and conductivity required if the amount is more than 1.0% by weight. It is because it cannot be obtained.
[0032]
Since the thermal expansion coefficient of the copper-based alloy is larger than that of the chip or the metal-ceramic bonding substrate, high reliability of the solder joint cannot be obtained in a heat cycle environment. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat sink by bonding a dissimilar material to the copper base alloy. As this dissimilar material, it is preferable to use an element such as W, Mo, or Si having a low thermal expansion coefficient, or an oxide, carbide or nitride thereof. Further, Cu—W, Cu—Mo, Cu—SiC, or the like may be used to improve thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.
[0033]
Since the bonding between the copper base alloy and the dissimilar material is performed using thermal diffusion, it is necessary to perform the bonding at a high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out at a temperature (° C.) that is 1/2 or more of the melting point T (° C.) of the copper-based alloy (? (1/2) T (° C.)), and preferably at a temperature of 700 ° C. or more.
[0034]
Thereafter, the copper base alloy softened by the heat treatment at the time of joining is work hardened to improve the strength while being formed into a target shape by rolling. When the processing rate in this rolling process is large, the material may be work-hardened and cannot be rolled to the target thickness, and may be heated to a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher during the rolling process. This is because if the temperature is lower than 500 ° C., the material cannot be sufficiently softened, and the rolling process becomes difficult. Moreover, it is preferable to set the heating temperature during the rolling process to 700 ° C. or higher because the bonding strength between the copper-based alloy and the dissimilar material is improved. In addition, it is preferable to repeat this rolling process and to make the processing rate in the last rolling process into 10 to 80%. This is because if it is less than 10%, the required Vickers hardness cannot be obtained, while if it exceeds 80%, the required heat resistance cannot be obtained.
[0035]
By heating at a temperature of 400 to 550 ° C. for 10 minutes to 6 hours after the rolling process, precipitates can be formed, and the required thermal conductivity, conductivity and Vickers hardness can be obtained. When the heating temperature is lower than 400 ° C. or when the heating time is shorter than 10 minutes, the precipitate cannot be sufficiently formed, so that the required thermal conductivity and conductivity cannot be obtained, When the heating time is higher than 550 ° C., the necessary heat conductivity and conductivity cannot be obtained due to re-dissolution of the precipitate, and the material is softened and the hardness becomes insufficient. This is because if the heating time is longer than 6 hours, the material becomes soft and the hardness becomes insufficient.
[0036]
It is preferable that the structure of the copper-based alloy joined with the dissimilar material and subjected to cold rolling and heating is composed of crystal grains having a grain size of 50 μm or more and crystal grains having a grain size of 1 to 20 μm. Crystal grains having a grain size of 50 μm or more are formed by heating at the time of joining with a dissimilar metal. Subsequent rolling and heating result in partial recrystallization, and crystal grains and precipitates having a grain size of 1 to 20 μm are formed. When crystal grains having a particle size of 1 to 20 μm are not formed, precipitation of solid solution elements is insufficient, and the required thermal conductivity and conductivity cannot be obtained. Moreover, when recrystallization progresses and there are no crystal grains having a grain size of 50 μm or more, the hardness obtained by work hardening of cold rolling is lowered, and precipitation of solid solution elements is insufficient.
[0037]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the copper base alloy according to the present invention and the heat sink material using the copper base alloy will be described in detail.
[0038]
[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
Each copper base alloy which shows a chemical component (weight%) in Table 1 was melted using the high frequency induction melting furnace, and the ingot of 40x40x150 (mm) was cast. Thereafter, a 40 × 40 × 30 (mm) test piece was cut out, homogenized at 900 ° C. for 60 minutes, hot-rolled to a thickness of 8.0 mm, water-cooled and pickled. Thereafter, cold rolling and annealing were repeated to produce a test piece having a thickness of 3.0 mm.
[0039]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004232069
[0040]
About the test pieces of the copper-based alloys of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 thus obtained, the thermal conductivity, conductivity, Vickers hardness, and Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes. Was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. The thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal conductivity measuring device, and the electrical conductivity and Vickers hardness were measured according to JIS 0505 and JIS Z 2244, respectively. Further, the heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes was performed while the test piece 10 was sandwiched between the pure copper plates 12 and placed on the hot plate 14 and the temperature was controlled by the temperature controller 16 as shown in FIG.
[0041]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004232069
[0042]
From the results of Table 2, in the copper base alloys of Examples 1 to 5, the thermal conductivity is 300 W / m · K or more, the conductivity is 80% or more, and the Vickers hardness before heating is HV90 or more and 400 ° C. The Vickers hardness after heating for 10 minutes is 90% or more before heating. Therefore, the copper base alloys of Examples 1 to 5 are excellent as a material for the heat sink of the power semiconductor module.
[0043]
In contrast, the copper-based alloys of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that do not contain Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg, or Fe and P of Comparative Example 3 that contain Fe and P, but whose total amount is less than 0.01% by weight. Copper-based alloys are inferior because the Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes is less than 90% before heating. In addition, the copper-based alloy of Comparative Example 4 in which the total content of Fe and P exceeds 2.0% by weight has a thermal conductivity of less than 300 W / m · K and a conductivity of less than 80% IACS. Inferior.
[0044]
[Examples 6 to 13, Comparative Examples 5 to 20]
A copper base alloy having the same composition as that of Example 2 was heated at 800 ° C. or 900 ° C. corresponding to the temperature at the time of joining with a different material for 60 minutes (hereinafter referred to as “heating 1”), and the processing rate was 5 to 90%. For each copper-based alloy that was cold-rolled (hereinafter referred to as “rolling 1”) and heated at 300 to 600 ° C. for 60 minutes (hereinafter referred to as “heating 2”), the thermal conductivity, conductivity, Vickers hardness, and crystal grain size Was measured. The crystal grain size was determined in accordance with JISH0501 by performing buffing and etching after polishing the surface of the copper-based alloy with emery paper and using an optical microscope. These results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. In Table 4, the case where a crystal grain size of 50 μm or more, 1-20 μm, and 1-10 μm is present is indicated by ◯, and the case where it is not present is indicated by ×.
[0045]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004232069
[0046]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004232069
[0047]
From the results of Tables 3 and 4, the copper-based alloys of Examples 6 to 13 were subjected to heating 1, rolling 1 and heating 2, whereby a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more, an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or more, It has a Vickers hardness of HV90 or more, and is a copper-based alloy composed of crystal grains having a grain size of 50 μm or more and 1 to 20 μm. Therefore, the copper base alloys of Examples 6 to 13 are excellent when bonded to different materials as the material for the heat sink of the power semiconductor module.
[0048]
On the other hand, the copper base alloys of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 in which only the heating 1 was performed, and the copper base alloys of Comparative Examples 7 and 11 in which the rolling was performed at a processing rate of 5% had thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and Vickers hardness. None of the above has reached the required value, and it is inferior because crystal grains having a particle diameter of 1 to 20 μm cannot be obtained. The copper-base alloys of Comparative Examples 8 to 9 and 12 to 14 that were rolled at a processing rate of 30 to 90% after heating 1 and were not heated 2, and rolled at a processing rate of 70% after heating 1, The copper-based alloys of Comparative Examples 15 and 17 that were heated 2 at a temperature satisfy Vickers hardness HV90 or higher, but did not reach the required numerical values for thermal conductivity and conductivity, and had a particle size of 1 It is inferior because crystal grains of ˜20 μm cannot be obtained. Moreover, after rolling at the processing rate of 70% after the heating 1, the copper base alloys of Comparative Examples 16 and 18 which were heated at the temperature of 600 ° C., and after the heating 1, rolling at the processing rate of 90%, The copper base alloys of Comparative Examples 19 and 20 that were heated 2 at a temperature had a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more and an electrical conductivity of 80% or more, but had a Vickers hardness of less than HV80 and a particle size of 50 μm or more. This is inferior because no crystal grains exist.
[0049]
[Examples 14 to 17, Comparative Examples 21 to 22]
A copper-based alloy having the same composition as in Example 2 was heated at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes (hereinafter referred to as “heating 3”), joined with Cu-65% Mo, which is a dissimilar metal, and cold rolled at a processing rate of 57% (Hereinafter referred to as “Rolling 2”), each copper-based alloy of the bonding material heated at 500 ° C. for 0.5 to 8 hours (hereinafter referred to as “Heating 4”), thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, Vickers hardness, Further, the Vickers hardness after heating the bonding material at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes (hereinafter referred to as “heating 5”) was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0050]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004232069
[0051]
From the results of Table 5, the copper-based alloys of Examples 14 to 17 were subjected to heating 3, rolling 2 and heating 4, so that the thermal conductivity was 300 W / m · K or more, the conductivity was 80% IACS or more, and the Vickers hardness. It is a copper base alloy of HV90 or higher. Furthermore, the Vickers hardness after heating 5 is also HV90 or more, and has reached a value of 90% or more of the Vickers hardness before heating 5. Therefore, the copper base alloys of Examples 14 to 17 are excellent when bonded to different materials as the material of the heat sink of the power semiconductor module.
[0052]
On the other hand, the copper-based alloy of Comparative Example 21, which has been subjected to heating 3 and rolling 2, satisfies Vickers hardness HV90 or higher, but does not reach the required numerical values for thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. It is inferior to. Further, the copper base alloy of Comparative Example 22 heated for 8 hours at 500 ° C. after performing heating 3 and rolling 2 has a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more and a conductivity of 80% or more, but it has Vickers hardness. Is inferior because it is less than HV80.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the copper base alloy according to the present invention is excellent in strength, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, heat resistance and press workability, and the copper base alloy according to the present invention is joined to a different material, By rolling and heating, the strength, thermal conductivity and heat resistance of the copper base alloy portion can be improved, and the same characteristics as before joining can be obtained. Therefore, the heat sink manufactured by bonding the copper-based alloy according to the present invention to a different material can be used for flatness during assembly, and solder bonding between the heat sink and the metal-ceramic insulating substrate or chip in a heat cycle environment. The power semiconductor module having excellent operational reliability can be provided by using this heat sink.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a test piece heating apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Test piece 12 Pure copper plate 14 Hot plate 16 Temperature control device

Claims (15)

熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上であることを特徴とする銅基合金。Thermal conductivity is 300 W / m · K or more, conductivity is 80% IACS or more, Vickers hardness is HV90 or more, and Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes is 90% or more of Vickers hardness before heating. A copper-based alloy characterized by that. Fe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の銅基合金。The total content of at least one element selected from Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg and P is 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, and the balance is made of copper and inevitable element impurities. The copper-based alloy described. さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の銅基合金。Further 0.01-1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zr, 0.01-1.0 wt% The copper-based alloy according to claim 2, characterized by containing 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of at least one element of Ti and 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Ag. . 熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上の銅基合金が、この銅基合金と異なる材料に接合されたことを特徴とする、放熱板用材料。Copper with a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more, conductivity of 80% IACS or more, Vickers hardness of HV90 or more, and Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes is 90% or more of Vickers hardness before heating A heat sink material, wherein the base alloy is bonded to a material different from the copper base alloy. 前記銅基合金がFe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の放熱板用材料。The copper-based alloy contains 0.01 to 2.0% by weight in total of at least one element of Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg and P, and the balance is made of copper and inevitable element impurities. The material for a heat sink according to claim 4. 前記銅基合金が、さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の放熱板用材料。The copper-based alloy is further 0.01-1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zr, 0.01% It contains 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of at least one element among -1.0% by weight of Ti and 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Ag. The material for heat sinks described in 1. 前記銅基合金が、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒と粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4乃至6のいずれかに記載の放熱板用材料。The heat sink material according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the copper-based alloy includes crystal grains having a grain size of 50 µm or more and crystal grains having a grain size of 1 to 20 µm. 前記銅基合金と異なる材料が、Si、WまたはMo、これらの酸化物、炭化物または窒化物、あるいはCu−W、Cu−MoまたはCu−SiCであることを特徴とする、請求項4乃至7のいずれかに記載の放熱板用材料。The material different from the copper-based alloy is Si, W or Mo, oxides, carbides or nitrides thereof, or Cu-W, Cu-Mo or Cu-SiC. The material for heat sinks in any one of. Fe、Co、NiおよびMgの少なくとも1種以上の元素とPとを合計0.01〜2.0重量%含有し、残部が銅および不可避元素不純物からなる銅基合金を、この銅基合金の融点T(℃)の1/2以上の温度(℃)で、この銅基合金と異なる材料と接合した後に、加工率10〜80%で冷間圧延加工を行い、その後、400〜550℃の温度で10分〜6時間加熱することを特徴とする、放熱板用材料の製造方法。A copper-based alloy containing at least one element of Fe, Co, Ni, and Mg and P in a total amount of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, with the balance being copper and inevitable element impurities, After joining with a material different from this copper-based alloy at a temperature (° C.) of ½ or more of melting point T (° C.), cold rolling is performed at a processing rate of 10 to 80%, and then 400 to 550 ° C. The manufacturing method of the material for heat sinks characterized by heating at temperature for 10 minutes-6 hours. 前記1/2以上の温度(℃)が700℃以上の温度であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の放熱板用材料の製造方法。The method for manufacturing a heat sink material according to claim 9, wherein the temperature (° C) of 1/2 or more is a temperature of 700 ° C or more. 前記銅基合金の熱伝導率が300W/m・K以上、導電率が80%IACS以上、ビッカース硬さがHV90以上、400℃で10分間加熱後のビッカース硬さが加熱前のビッカース硬さの90%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の放熱板用材料の製造方法。The copper-based alloy has a thermal conductivity of 300 W / m · K or more, an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS or more, a Vickers hardness of HV90 or more, and a Vickers hardness after heating at 400 ° C. for 10 minutes of Vickers hardness before heating. It is 90% or more, The manufacturing method of the material for heat sinks of Claim 9 or 10 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記銅基合金が、さらに0.01〜1.0重量%のSnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZnと、0.01〜1.0重量%のZrと、0.01%〜1.0重量%のTiと、0.01〜1.0重量%のAgのうち少なくとも1種以上の元素を0.01〜1.0重量%含有することを特徴とする、請求項9乃至11のいずれかに記載の放熱板用材料の製造方法。The copper-based alloy is further 0.01-1.0 wt% Sn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zn, 0.01-1.0 wt% Zr, 0.01% It contains 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of at least one element among -1.0% by weight of Ti and 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of Ag. The manufacturing method of the material for heat sinks in any one of thru | or 11. 前記銅基合金が、粒径50μm以上の結晶粒と粒径1〜20μmの結晶粒を含むことを特徴とする、請求項9乃至12のいずれかに記載の放熱板用材料の製造方法。The method for manufacturing a heat sink material according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the copper-based alloy includes crystal grains having a grain size of 50 µm or more and crystal grains having a grain size of 1 to 20 µm. 前記銅基合金と異なる材料が、Si、WまたはMo、これらの酸化物、炭化物または窒化物、あるいはCu−W、Cu−MoまたはCu−SiCであることを特徴とする、請求項9乃至13のいずれかに記載の放熱板用材料の製造方法。14. The material different from the copper base alloy is Si, W or Mo, oxides, carbides or nitrides thereof, or Cu—W, Cu—Mo or Cu—SiC. The manufacturing method of the material for heat sinks in any one of. 請求項4乃至8のいずれかに記載の放熱板材料からなる放熱板を用いたことを特徴とする、パワー半導体モジュール。A power semiconductor module using a heat sink made of the heat sink material according to claim 4.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006144047A (en) * 2004-11-17 2006-06-08 Dowa Mining Co Ltd Cu-Ni-Ti BASED COPPER ALLOY AND COOLING PLATE
JP2007056297A (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-08 Dowa Holdings Co Ltd Cu-Mg-P COPPER ALLOY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
JP2013185232A (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-19 Hitachi Cable Ltd Copper alloy material and method for manufacturing copper alloy material
JP2014148749A (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-08-21 Sh Copper Products Corp Copper alloy material, power distribution member for electric car, and power distribution member for hybrid car
WO2016152648A1 (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Copper alloy sheet for heat dissipating component and heat dissipating component
JP2016180174A (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-10-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Copper alloy sheet for heat radiation component

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006144047A (en) * 2004-11-17 2006-06-08 Dowa Mining Co Ltd Cu-Ni-Ti BASED COPPER ALLOY AND COOLING PLATE
JP4568092B2 (en) * 2004-11-17 2010-10-27 Dowaホールディングス株式会社 Cu-Ni-Ti copper alloy and heat sink
JP2007056297A (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-08 Dowa Holdings Co Ltd Cu-Mg-P COPPER ALLOY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
JP2013185232A (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-19 Hitachi Cable Ltd Copper alloy material and method for manufacturing copper alloy material
JP2014148749A (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-08-21 Sh Copper Products Corp Copper alloy material, power distribution member for electric car, and power distribution member for hybrid car
WO2016152648A1 (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Copper alloy sheet for heat dissipating component and heat dissipating component
JP2016180174A (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-10-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Copper alloy sheet for heat radiation component

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