JP2004226029A

JP2004226029A - Heating device, and cooling/warming storage having the heating device

Info

Publication number: JP2004226029A
Application number: JP2003015873A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hirosue Kishikawa; 弘末岸川; Takumi Kida; 琢己木田
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2003-01-24
Filing date: 2003-01-24
Publication date: 2004-08-12

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating device which is high in heat radiation effect and compact, and capable of ensuring the safety even when it is exposed in a flammable gas atmosphere, and a cooling/warming storage having the heating device. <P>SOLUTION: One surface of a second heater 17b is arranged between two surfaces of a first heater 17a with an interval therebetween in an overlapping manner. A heating device is relatively miniaturized in comparison with a heating device in which two heaters are arranged side by side. By electrically connecting one terminal 21a of the first heater 17a to one terminal 21b of the second heater 17b via a wire 22, the length of a heater pipe is increased, and the watt density of the heater can be reduced. Therefore, the surface temperature of the heater pipe can be dropped below the ignition temperature of a flammable refrigerant. Safety and reliability of a part in a vicinity of the heater and the heater itself are enhanced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ヒータを用いた加温装置、及びこの加温装置と冷却装置を有して冷温機能を兼ね備えた自動販売機、ショーケースその他の冷温貯蔵庫に関し、特に冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を用いるものに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、地球のオゾン層を保護する観点から、冷温貯蔵庫における冷却装置の冷凍サイクルに使用されていた冷媒ＣＦＣ（クロロフルオロカーボン）−１２あるいはＨＣＦＣ（ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン）−２２といった塩素原子を含んだ冷媒の使用が規制され、塩素原子を含まず、オゾン層を破壊しないＨＦＣ（ハイドロフルオロカーボン）冷媒への転換が進行している。
【０００３】
従来、主にＨＦＣ−２２冷媒を用いていた自動販売機においては、その代替冷媒としてＨＦＣ冷媒の混合冷媒であるＲ４０７Ｃが採用されている。
【０００４】
一方、これらＲ４０７ＣなどのＨＦＣ冷媒は、オゾン層破壊はないものの、地球温暖化係数が高いため、地球温暖化に対しては不十分な冷媒となり、そのため地球温暖化係数の低い冷媒として、ＨＦＣ冷媒に代わってＨＣ（ハイドロカーボン）冷媒が注目されている。
【０００５】
以下、図面を参照しながら、上記従来の冷温貯蔵庫を説明する。
【０００６】
図１１は、従来の冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図である。図１２は従来の加温装置の斜視図である。
【０００７】
図１１，図１２において、自動販売機１の物品を収納する収納室２の下部に、一般的にフィンアンドチューブ型の冷却器３を有し、冷媒が封入された冷凍サイクルよりなる冷却装置と、一般的にシーズヒータを蛇行状に曲げ加工して形成された加温装置４を備え、冷却器３と加温装置４の間に強制通風用の送風機５を配置している。また、収納室２の背面にはダクト６が配置され、ダクト６を介して収納室２と冷却器３と加温装置４が連通するよう構成されている。
【０００８】
そして、冷却時は冷凍サイクルの冷媒を冷却器３で蒸発させて周辺空気を冷却し、加温時は加温装置４のヒータに通電して周辺空気を加熱し、それぞれ冷却，加熱された空気を送風機５によって強制的に熱交換させながら収納室２内に循環させて室内に収納された物品を冷却または加温し、ダクト６を通じて冷却器３または加温装置４に帰還させるものである（例えば、特許文献１，２参照。）。
【０００９】
【特許文献１】
特開昭５７−５２９８８号公報
【特許文献２】
実開昭６２−７５５７８号公報
【００１０】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述のような近年の環境下において、このような冷凍サイクルの冷媒にＨＣ系冷媒などの可燃性冷媒を使用する場合には可燃性冷媒の漏れに注意を払わなければならず、特に自動販売機等のように物品の収納庫で半密閉空間内部へ漏れた可燃性冷媒へ引火しないように安全性を高める必要がある。
【００１１】
しかし、上述のような加温装置４では、強制通風用の送風機５が何らかの故障等で停止すると加温装置４の放熱は自然対流のみに依存することになるため、加温用のヒータの表面温度は概ね５００℃超に達して可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）を超え、可燃性冷媒が漏れた場合の安全性に問題があった。
【００１２】
そこで、加温装置４の表面温度を発火温度以下に低減するためのひとつの方法として、シーズヒータの長さを大幅にアップし、ワット密度（単位面積当たりの放熱量）を下げて温度低減を図る方法がある。しかし、単に複数個のシーズヒータを配設して電気的に接続する、あるいは、１個のシーズヒータの長さをアップするだけでは、蛇行状に曲げ加工してなる加温装置４の占める体積が大幅に増加するという欠点があった。
【００１３】
また、一定の体積の中で、シーズヒータの長さをアップさせる方法としては、シーズヒータの曲管部の曲率半径Ｒを小さくする方法がある。しかしながら、ヒータ管の外径Ｅと曲管部の曲率半径Ｒとの比Ｒ／Ｅは、シーズヒータの外装材料をステンレスとした場合、Ｒ／Ｅ＜２．０の範囲では、曲げ加工時の座屈変形やクラックなど加工面や品質面から、曲げ加工することは一般に困難であり、ヒータ径Ｅを一定とした場合、曲管部の曲率半径Ｒを小さくするには限界がある。
【００１４】
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するもので、大幅な体積アップを抑制した加温装置とこの加温装置を備えて冷凍サイクルの冷媒として可燃性冷媒を使用しても冷却と加温を安全に行える冷温貯蔵庫を提供することを目的とする。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項１に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して、少なくとも１つ以上の面を形成した第１，第２のヒ−タで構成され、前記第１のヒ−タは少なくとも１つ以上の面を含んだ三方向を囲まれる空間を形成し、前記空間の内側に第２のヒ−タの少なくとも一部もしくは一面が組み込まれ配置したものであり、二つのヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を比較的コンパクト化でき、２個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に低減できる。また、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００１６】
本発明の請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して２つの面を形成し、前記面が間隔を置いて向かい合って配置するように折り返し部により連結して折り返した第１，第２のヒータを備え、第１のヒータの２つの並列な面の間に、第２のヒータの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置したものであり、第１，第２のヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を比較的コンパクト化できる。
【００１７】
請求項３に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２に記載の発明に、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータで、一つのヒータの曲管部の数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータの折り返し部と第２のヒータの折り返し部は、同一方向になるように配置したものであり、第１のヒータの端子と第２のヒータの端子が同一方向に向くことから、２個のヒータを接続する配線を簡素化できる。
【００１８】
請求項４に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２に記載の発明に、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータは、千鳥配列になるように配置したものであり、放熱効果が向上する。
【００１９】
請求項５に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して２つの面を形成し、前記面が間隔を置いて向かい合って配置するように折り返し部により連結して折り返した第１，第２，第３のヒータを備え、第１のヒータの二つの並列な平面間に、第２のヒータの一平面と第３のヒータの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置したものであり、第１，第２，第３のヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を更にコンパクト化できる。
【００２０】
また、３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長が更にアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に更に低減できる。また、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が更に向上する。
【００２１】
請求項６に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項５に記載の発明に、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータと第３のヒータで、一連のヒータ管の曲管部の数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータの折り返し部と第２のヒータの折り返し部と第３のヒータの折り返し部は、同一方向になるように配置したものであり、第１のヒータの端子と第２のヒータの端子と第３のヒータの端子が同一方向に向くことから、３個のヒータ管を接続する配線を簡素化できる。
【００２２】
請求項７に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項５に記載の発明に、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータと第３のヒータは、千鳥配列になるように配置したものであり、放熱効果が更に向上する。
【００２３】
請求項８に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１から請求項７記載の加温装置を金属製のメッシュ部材で覆ったものであり、通気性を確保しながらヒータ管への外的影響を阻止できる。また、何らかの要因で可燃性の雰囲気に曝された場合にヒータ管表面で万一発火してもメッシュ部の抵抗により外部雰囲気中に火炎が伝播せず引火しない。
【００２４】
請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、物品を収納する収納室と、前記収納室内を冷却する冷却装置と、前記収納室内を加温する請求項１から請求項８のいずれか一項に記載の加温装置と、前記収納室内の空気を前記冷却装置の冷却器または前記加温装置に強制循環して熱交換させる送風機とからなるものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電されているような場合においても、２個あるいは３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、加温装置の表面温度が過度に上昇することはなくなり、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００２５】
請求項１０に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫において、冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を封入したものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電され、さらに、冷却装置より可燃性冷媒が漏洩した場合にも、２個あるいは３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、加温装置の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に抑制されるため発火を避けることができる。また、加温装置を覆うメッシュ部材を有する金属板により、万一ヒータ管表面で漏洩した可燃性冷媒に着火しても外部雰囲気への火炎伝播が阻止され発火を避けることができる。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による加温装置及びこの加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
【００２７】
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１による加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図である。図２（ａ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前の状態を示す斜視図である。図２（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせた後の状態を示す斜視図である。図３（ａ）は加温装置のヒータを重ね合わさず配置した場合を示す平面図である。図３（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置の平面図である。図４（ａ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前の状態を示す斜視図である。図４（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせた後の状態を示す斜視図である。図５は同実施の形態の加温装置の側面図である。
【００２８】
図１、図２（ａ）、図２（ｂ）において、冷温貯蔵庫である自動販売機１１の物品を収納する収納室１２の下部に、フィンアンドチューブ型の冷却器１３を有し、炭化水素系のプロパン，イソブタンなどの可燃性冷媒が封入された冷凍サイクルよりなる冷却装置と、加温装置１４を備え、冷却器１３と加温装置１４の間に強制通風用の送風機１５を配置している。また、収納室１２の背面にはダクト１６が配置され、ダクト１６を介して収納室１２と冷却器１３と加温装置１４が連通するよう構成されている。
【００２９】
そして、冷却時は冷凍サイクルの可燃性冷媒を冷却器１３で蒸発させて周辺空気を冷却し、加温時は加温装置１４に通電して周辺空気を加熱し、それぞれ冷却，加熱された空気を送風機１５によって強制的に熱交換させながら収納室１２内に循環させて室内に収納された物品を冷却または加温し、ダクト１６を通じて冷却器１３または加温装置１４に帰還させるものである。
【００３０】
一方、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂとから構成されている。
【００３１】
第１のヒータ１７ａは、シーズヒータよりなるヒータ管を直管部１８ａと曲管部１９ａを有する蛇行状に曲げ加工し、間隔をおいて向かい合う２面に配置されるよう上部で折り返し部２０ａにより連結して折り返し、２つの並列な面を形成している。そして、ヒータ管の端部に端子２１ａを２ヶ設けている。
【００３２】
第２のヒータ管１７ｂは、シーズヒータよりなるヒータ管を直管部１８ｂと曲管部１９ｂを有する蛇行状に曲げ加工し、間隔をおいて向かい合う２面に配置されるよう上部で折り返し部２０ｂにより連結して折り返し、２つの並列な面を形成している。そして、ヒータ管の端部に端子２１ｂを２ヶ設けている。
【００３３】
そして、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間に第２のヒータ１７ｂの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置し、第１のヒータ１７ａの一方の端子２１ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの一方の端子２１ｂを配線２２により電気的に接続する。
【００３４】
以上のように構成された冷温貯蔵庫についてその動作を説明する。
【００３５】
収納室１２内に収納された物品を冷却する場合、冷却装置の冷却運転を行い、送風機１５により冷却器１３で冷却された冷気を循環させる。送風機１５により循環された冷気は収納庫１２内に収納された物品を冷却し、ダクト１６を通り再度冷却器１３へ戻り冷却を繰り返す。
【００３６】
次に、収納室１２に収納された物品を加温する場合、加温装置に通電を行い、ヒータ管１７を発熱させると、加熱装置１４の全体より放熱作用が開始される。そして、送風機１５の運転により強制通風による加温運転が行われ、加温装置１４で加温された暖気が収納室１２内に送り込まれて収納された物品を加温し、ダクト１６を通り再度加温装置１４へ戻り加温を繰り返す。
【００３７】
図３（ａ）に示すように、２個のヒータ管を重ね合わさないで配置した場合、２個のヒータ管の配置する間隔をＡ、第１のヒータと第２のヒータの幅寸法をＢとした場合、配置後の加温装置の幅寸法Ｌ１はＡ＋２Ｂとなる。
【００３８】
一方、図３（ｂ）に示すように、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間の中央に、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一平面を重ね合わせるように配置した場合、配置後の加温装置の幅寸法Ｌ２は１．５Ｂとなる。
【００３９】
よって、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間に、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置した場合は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂを重ね合わせることなく配置した場合に比べ、加温装置の幅はＬ１−Ｌ２＝Ａ＋０．５Ｂだけ小さくでき、比較的コンパクト化できる。
【００４０】
また、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００４１】
一方、加温運転で加温装置１４への通電中に、自動販売機１１の電気的な故障等により、送風機１５が停止した場合、加温装置１４への送風が停止するため、ヒータ管１７の表面から空気への放熱は自然対流のみとなるため悪化し、ヒータ管の表面温度は上昇する。
【００４２】
この時、万一冷却器１３を含む冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置１４の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、加温装置１４は第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長をアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減することによりヒータ管の表面温度を低減でき、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。このため、加温装置１４が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。
【００４３】
なお、実際の設計においては、ヒータ管の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の着火温度より約１００℃低い３５０〜４００℃程度に抑えて裕度を持たせ、バラツキ要因などに対応できるよう、通常の加温時に所望される発熱量を加熱装置のヒータ管の入力や全長の本数，外径，長さ等の諸元を定めるのが望ましい。
【００４４】
さらに、本実施の形態では、第１のヒータ１７ａの折り返し部２０ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの折り返し部２０ｂは、ともに上側になるように設置したが、一方のヒータ管の折り返し部を上側、他方のヒータ管の折り返し部を下側になるように重ね合わして設置してもかまわない。
【００４５】
また、図４（ａ）、図４（ｂ）に示すように、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂとで、一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａと曲管部１９ｂの数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータ１７ａの折り返し部２０ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの折り返し部２０ｂは、同一方向になるように配置したので第１のヒータ１７ａの端子２１ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの端子２１ｂを電気的に接続する時は、端子２１ａと端子２１ｂが同一方向に向くことから、２個のヒータ管を接続する配線２２を簡素化できる。
【００４６】
尚、本実施の形態では、第１のヒータ１７ａの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａの数と、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｂの数は、同数（ともに３ヶ）であるが、必ずしも同数でかつ奇数でなくてもよく、第１のヒータ１７ａの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａの数と、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｂの数が、例えば、３ヶと５ヶ、あるいは、２ヶと４ヶなどでもよい。
【００４７】
また、図５に示すように、直管部１８ａ，１８ｂを図４（ｂ）のＡ−Ａ’断面とし、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂを、千鳥配列になるように配置したので、図中の矢印の向きに送風した場合、風下側に配置された第１のヒータ管はフレッシュエアーと熱交換するので、放熱効果が向上する。
【００４８】
（実施の形態２）
図６（ａ）は、本発明の実施の形態２による加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前の状態を示す斜視図である。図６（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせた後の状態を示す斜視図である。図７（ａ）は加温装置のヒータを重ね合わさず配置した場合を示す平面図である。図７（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置の平面図である。図８（ａ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前の状態を示す斜視図である。図８（ｂ）は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせた後の状態を示す斜視図である。図９は同実施の形態の加温装置の側面図である。
【００４９】
本発明の実施の形態２では、図６（ａ）に示すように第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂさらに第３のヒータ１７ｃからなり、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間に第２のヒータ１７ｂの一平面と第３のヒータ１７ｃの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置し、第１のヒータ１７ａの一方の端子２１ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの一方の端子２１ｂさらに第３のヒータ１７ｃの一方の端子２１ｃを配線２２により電気的に接続する。
【００５０】
図７（ａ）に示すように、３個のヒータ管を重ね合わさないで配置した場合、３個のヒータ管の配置する間隔をＡ、第１のヒータと第２のヒ−タと、第３のヒータの幅寸法をＢとした場合、配置後の加温装置の幅寸法Ｌ３は２Ａ＋３Ｂとなる。
【００５１】
一方、図７（ｂ）に示すように、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間の中央に、第２のヒータ１７ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃの一平面を重ね合わせるように配置した場合、配置後の加温装置の幅寸法Ｌ４は２Ｂとなる。
【００５２】
よって、第１のヒータ１７ａの二平面間に、第２のヒータ１７ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置した場合は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂそして第３のヒータ１７ｃを重ね合わせることなく配置した場合に比べ、加温装置の幅はＬ３−Ｌ４＝２Ａ＋Ｂだけ小さくでき、大幅にコンパクト化できる。
【００５３】
また、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がさらにアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に低減できる。また、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００５４】
また、図８（ａ）、図８（ｂ）に示すように、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂそして第３のヒータ１７ｃとで、一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａと曲管部１９ｂおよび曲管部１９ｃの数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータ１７ａの折り返し部２０ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの折り返し部２０ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃ折り返し部２０ｃは、同一方向になるように配置したので第１のヒータ１７ａの端子２１ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂの端子２１ｂそして第３のヒータ１７ｃの端子２１ｃを電気的に接続する時は、端子２１ａと端子２１ｂおよび端子２１ｃが同一方向に向くことから、３個のヒータ管を接続する配線２２を簡素化できる。
【００５５】
尚、本実施の形態では、第１のヒータ１７ａの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａの数と、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｃの数は、同数（ともに３ヶ）であるが、必ずしも同数でかつ奇数でなくてもよく、第１のヒータ１７ａの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ａの数と、第２のヒータ１７ｂの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｂの数および第３のヒータ１７ｃの一連のヒータ管の曲管部１９ｃの数が、例えば、３ヶと５ヶ、あるいは、２ヶと４ヶなどでもよい。
【００５６】
また、図９に示すように、直管部１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃを図８（ｂ）のＢ−Ｂ’断面とし、加温装置１４は、第１のヒータ１７ａと第２のヒータ１７ｂおよび第３のヒータ１７ｃを、千鳥配列になるように配置したので、図中の矢印の向きに送風した場合、風下側に配置された第１のヒータはフレッシュエアーと熱交換するので、放熱効果が向上する。
【００５７】
（実施の形態３）
図１０は、本発明の実施の形態３による加温装置の斜視図である。
【００５８】
図１０において、蛇行状に曲げ加工されたヒータ管３１が所定の間隔をおいて金属製のメッシュ部材３２で覆われて加温装置３３を形成している。
【００５９】
以上のような構成において、金属製のメッシュ部材３２はメッシュ部より通気が可能であるので送風機による強制対流及び自然対流の通気による放熱性を確保しながらヒータ管３１への外的影響を阻止できる。
【００６０】
また、可燃性冷媒を適用した冷温貯蔵庫の可燃性冷媒が何らかの要因で漏洩し、加温装置３３が可燃性の雰囲気に曝された場合にヒータ管３１の表面で万一発火してもメッシュ部の抵抗により外部雰囲気中に火炎が伝播せず引火せず、異常時の安全性を確保することができる。この場合、金属製のメッシュ部材３２に覆われるヒータ管３１の仕様に特別な制約はなく、所要発熱量を満足する任意のヒータを選定でき、設計の自由度が高められる。
【００６１】
メッシュ部の開口面積や形状およびヒータ管３１とメッシュ部材３２との間隔は、外部への火炎伝播を防止できる適切な範囲があり、ヒータの設計表面温度との相関で実験的に確認し、安全率を見込んで総合的にこれらの諸元を選定する。
【００６２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１に記載の加温装置の発明は直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して少なくとも１つ以上の面を形成した第１，第２のヒ−タで構成され、前記第１のヒ−タは少なくとも１つ以上の面を含んだ三方向を囲まれる空間を形成し、前記空間の内側に第２のヒ−タの少なくとも一部もしくは一面が組み込まれ配置したものであり、二つのヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を比較的コンパクト化でき、２個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に低減できる。また、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００６３】
また、請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して２つの面を形成し、前記面が間隔を置いて向かい合って配置するように折り返し部により連結して折り返した第１，第２のヒータを備え、第１のヒータの２つの並列な面の間に、第２のヒータの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置したことを特徴とするものであり、第１，第２のヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を比較的コンパクト化できる。
【００６４】
また、請求項３に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明において、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータとで、一つのヒータ管の曲管部の数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータの折り返し部と第２のヒータの折り返し部は、同一方向になるように配置したものであり、第１のヒータの端子と第２のヒータの端子が同一方向に向くことから、２個のヒータを接続する配線を簡素化できる。
【００６５】
また、請求項４に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明において、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータは、千鳥配列になるように配置したものであり、放熱効果が向上する。
【００６６】
また、請求項５に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒ−タ管を蛇行状に曲げ加工して２つの面を形成し、前記面が間隔を置いて向かい合って配置するように折り返し部により連結して折り返したの第１，第２，第３のヒータを備え、第１のヒータの二つの並列な平面間に、第２のヒータの一平面と第３のヒータの一平面を間隔を置いて重ね合わせるように配置したものであり、第１，第２，第３のヒータをならべて配置した場合に比べ、加温装置を更にコンパクト化できる。また、３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長が更にアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、ヒータ管の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に更に低減できる。また、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が更に向上する。
【００６７】
また、請求項６に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項５に記載の加温装置の発明にさらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータと第３のヒータで、一連のヒータ管の曲管部の数が、奇数または偶数のどちらか一方に統一し、第１のヒータの折り返し部と第２のヒータの折り返し部と第３のヒータの折り返し部は、同一方向になるように配置したものであり、第１のヒータの端子と第２のヒータの端子と第３のヒータの端子が同一方向に向くことから、３個のヒータを接続する配線を簡素化できる。
【００６８】
また、請求項７に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項５に記載の発明に、さらに、第１のヒータと第２のヒータと第３のヒータは、千鳥配列になるように配置したものであり、放熱効果が更に向上する。
【００６９】
また、請求項８に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１から請求項７記載の加温装置を金属製のメッシュ部材で覆ったものであり、通気性を確保しながらヒータ管への外的影響を阻止できる。また、何らかの要因で可燃性の雰囲気に曝された場合にヒータ管表面で万一発火してもメッシュ部の抵抗により外部雰囲気中に火炎が伝播せず引火しない。
【００７０】
また、請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、物品を収納する収納室と、前記収納室内を冷却する冷却装置と、前記収納室内を加温する請求項１から請求項８のいずれか一項に記載の加温装置と、前記収納室内の空気を前記冷却装置の冷却器または前記加温装置に強制循環して熱交換させる送風機とからなるものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電されているような場合においても、２個あるいは３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、加温装置の表面温度が過度に上昇することはなくなり、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００７１】
また、請求項１０に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫において、冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を封入したものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電され、さらに、冷却装置より可燃性冷媒が漏洩した場合にも、２個あるいは３個のヒータを電気的に接続することで、ヒータ管長がアップし、ヒータのワット密度を低減できることから、加温装置の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に抑制されるため発火を避けることができる。また、加温装置を覆うメッシュ部材を有する金属板により、万一ヒータ管表面で漏洩した可燃性冷媒に着火しても外部雰囲気への火炎伝播が阻止され発火を避けることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明による実施の形態１の加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図
【図２】同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前後の状態を示す斜視図
【図３】同実施の形態の加温装置の平面図
【図４】同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前後の状態を示す斜視図
【図５】同実施の形態の加温装置の側面図
【図６】本発明による実施の形態２の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前後の状態を示す斜視図
【図７】同実施の形態の加温装置の平面図
【図８】同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータを重ね合わせる前後の状態を示す斜視図
【図９】同実施の形態の加温装置の側面図
【図１０】本発明による実施の形態３の加温装置の斜視図
【図１１】従来の加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図
【図１２】従来の加温装置の斜視図
【符号の説明】
１１自動販売機（冷温貯蔵庫）
１２収納室
１３冷却器（冷却装置）
１４，３３加温装置
１５送風機
１７ヒータ管
１７ａ第１のヒータ
１７ｂ第２のヒータ
１７ｃ第３のヒータ
３１ヒータ
１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃ直管部
１９ａ，１９ｂ，１９ｃ曲管部
２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃ折り返し部
２１ａ、２１ｂ，２１ｃ端子
２２配線
３２メッシュ部材[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heating device using a heater, and a vending machine having a heating and cooling device and a cooling device, which has a cooling and heating function, a showcase and other cold storage, and particularly a flammable refrigerant as a cooling device for the cooling device. With respect to those using.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the earth's ozone layer, a refrigerant containing a chlorine atom such as refrigerant CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) -12 or HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) -22, which has been used in a refrigeration cycle of a cooling device in a cold storage, has been used. Use is regulated, and conversion to HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerant that does not contain chlorine atoms and does not destroy the ozone layer is in progress.
[0003]
Conventionally, in a vending machine mainly using HFC-22 refrigerant, R407C which is a mixed refrigerant of HFC refrigerant is adopted as a substitute refrigerant.
[0004]
On the other hand, these HFC refrigerants such as R407C do not cause ozone depletion, but have a high global warming potential and are insufficient for global warming. HC (hydrocarbon) refrigerants have been attracting attention in place of.
[0005]
Hereinafter, the conventional cold storage will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0006]
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional cold storage. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a conventional heating device.
[0007]
In FIGS. 11 and 12, a cooling device comprising a refrigeration cycle having a fin-and-tube type cooler 3 in a lower part of a storage chamber 2 for storing articles of a vending machine 1 is generally provided with a refrigerant. In general, a heating device 4 is formed by bending a sheathed heater in a meandering shape, and a blower 5 for forced ventilation is disposed between the cooler 3 and the heating device 4. A duct 6 is disposed on the back of the storage room 2, and the storage room 2, the cooler 3, and the heating device 4 communicate with each other via the duct 6.
[0008]
During cooling, the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is evaporated by the cooler 3 to cool the surrounding air. At the time of heating, the heater of the heating device 4 is energized to heat the surrounding air. Is circulated in the storage chamber 2 while forcibly exchanging heat with the blower 5 to cool or heat the articles stored in the chamber, and return the articles to the cooler 3 or the heating device 4 through the duct 6 ( For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2.)
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-57-52988
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-75578
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a recent environment as described above, when a flammable refrigerant such as an HC-based refrigerant is used as the refrigerant of such a refrigeration cycle, attention must be paid to the leakage of the flammable refrigerant, and It is necessary to increase the safety so that the flammable refrigerant leaked into the semi-enclosed space in the article storage like a vending machine is not ignited.
[0011]
However, in the heating device 4 described above, if the blower 5 for forced ventilation is stopped due to some failure or the like, the heat radiation of the heating device 4 depends only on natural convection. The temperature generally exceeds 500 ° C. and exceeds the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (about 460 to 500 ° C. for isobutane and propane), and there is a problem in safety when the flammable refrigerant leaks.
[0012]
Therefore, as one method for reducing the surface temperature of the heating device 4 to the ignition temperature or less, the length of the sheathed heater is greatly increased, and the temperature is reduced by lowering the watt density (amount of heat radiation per unit area). There is a way to do that. However, simply arranging a plurality of sheathed heaters and electrically connecting them, or simply increasing the length of one sheathed heater, increases the volume occupied by the heating device 4 formed in a meandering shape. However, there is a drawback that the number increases greatly.
[0013]
Further, as a method of increasing the length of the sheathed heater in a fixed volume, there is a method of reducing the radius of curvature R of the curved tube portion of the sheathed heater. However, the ratio R / E between the outer diameter E of the heater tube and the radius of curvature R of the curved tube portion is as follows: When the sheath material of the sheathed heater is stainless steel, the ratio R / E is less than R / E <2.0. In general, it is difficult to perform a bending process from a processing surface and a quality surface such as a buckling deformation and a crack, and there is a limit in reducing a radius of curvature R of a curved tube portion when a heater diameter E is constant.
[0014]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a heating device that suppresses a significant increase in volume and provides cooling and heating even when a combustible refrigerant is used as a refrigerant for a refrigeration cycle by using the heating device. An object is to provide a cold storage that can be safely performed.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of a heating device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a heating device in which a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion is bent in a meandering shape to form at least one or more surfaces. The first heater forms a space surrounded by three directions including at least one surface, and at least one of the second heaters is provided inside the space. The heating device is relatively compact compared to the case where two heaters are arranged side by side, and the heater tube length can be reduced by electrically connecting the two heaters. And the watt density of the heater can be reduced, so that the surface temperature of the heater tube can be reduced to the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant or lower. Further, the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating apparatus, wherein a heater pipe having a straight pipe section and a curved pipe section is bent in a meandering shape to form two faces, and the faces are spaced from each other. First and second heaters connected and folded by a folded portion so as to face each other, and one plane of the second heater is spaced between two parallel surfaces of the first heater. The heating device can be made relatively compact as compared with the case where the first and second heaters are arranged side by side.
[0017]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the heating device according to the second aspect, further comprising a first heater and a second heater, wherein the number of curved pipe portions of one heater is an odd number or an even number. The folded portion of the first heater and the folded portion of the second heater are arranged so as to be in the same direction, and the terminal of the first heater and the terminal of the second heater are unified. Since the wires are oriented in the same direction, the wiring for connecting the two heaters can be simplified.
[0018]
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a heating device according to the second aspect, wherein the first heater and the second heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement, and the heat radiation effect is reduced. improves.
[0019]
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion is bent in a meandering shape to form two surfaces, and the surfaces face each other at an interval. A first heater, a second heater, and a third heater which are connected and folded by a folding portion so as to be disposed; one plane of the second heater and the third heater between two parallel planes of the first heater; Are arranged so as to overlap one another at an interval, and the heating device can be made more compact as compared with the case where the first, second, and third heaters are arranged side by side.
[0020]
In addition, by electrically connecting the three heaters, the length of the heater tube can be further increased, and the watt density of the heater can be reduced, so that the surface temperature of the heater tube can be further reduced to the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant. Further, the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are further improved.
[0021]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to the fifth aspect, the first heater, the second heater, and the third heater further include a number of curved pipe portions of a series of heater tubes. Is unified to either the odd number or the even number, and the folded part of the first heater, the folded part of the second heater, and the folded part of the third heater are arranged to be in the same direction, Since the terminals of the first heater, the terminals of the second heater, and the terminals of the third heater face in the same direction, the wiring connecting the three heater tubes can be simplified.
[0022]
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, there is provided a heating device according to the fifth aspect, wherein the first heater, the second heater, and the third heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement. Yes, the heat radiation effect is further improved.
[0023]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating device in which the heating device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is covered with a metal mesh member. The effect can be stopped. Also, if the heater tube surface is ignited by any factor when exposed to a flammable atmosphere, the flame does not propagate into the external atmosphere due to the resistance of the mesh portion and does not ignite.
[0024]
The invention of a cold and hot storage according to claim 9 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a storage room for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage room, and heating the storage room. And a blower for forcibly circulating the air in the storage chamber to the cooling device or the heating device to exchange heat with the heating device. Even if the air supply is stopped and the heating device is energized, the length of the heater tube can be increased and the watt density of the heater can be reduced by electrically connecting two or three heaters. In addition, the surface temperature of the heating device does not rise excessively, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0025]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cold storage according to the ninth aspect, wherein a flammable refrigerant is sealed as a refrigerant of the cooling device in the cold storage according to the ninth aspect. When the heater is stopped, the heating device is energized, and the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device, the heater tube length is increased by electrically connecting two or three heaters to increase the heater wattage. Since the density can be reduced, the surface temperature of the heating device is suppressed to the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant or lower, so that ignition can be avoided. In addition, even if the flammable refrigerant leaks on the surface of the heater tube is ignited by the metal plate having the mesh member covering the heating device, it is possible to prevent the flame from propagating to the outside atmosphere and to prevent ignition.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heating device according to the present invention and a cold / hot storage provided with the heating device will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a heating device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing a state before the heaters of the heating device of the embodiment are overlapped. FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing a state after the heaters of the heating device according to the embodiment are overlaid. FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a case where the heaters of the heating device are arranged without being overlapped. FIG. 3B is a plan view of the heating device of the embodiment. FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a state before the heaters of the heating device of the embodiment are overlapped. FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing a state after the heaters of the heating device according to the embodiment are overlaid. FIG. 5 is a side view of the heating device of the embodiment.
[0028]
In FIGS. 1, 2 (a) and 2 (b), a fin-and-tube type cooler 13 is provided at a lower part of a storage room 12 for storing articles of a vending machine 11 which is a cold and hot storage, and a hydrocarbon is provided. A cooling device comprising a refrigeration cycle in which a flammable refrigerant such as propane, isobutane or the like is sealed; and a heating device 14, and a blower 15 for forced ventilation is arranged between the cooling device 13 and the heating device 14. I have. A duct 16 is arranged on the back of the storage room 12, and the storage room 12, the cooler 13, and the heating device 14 are configured to communicate with each other via the duct 16.
[0029]
During cooling, the combustible refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle is evaporated by the cooler 13 to cool the surrounding air. At the time of heating, the heating device 14 is energized to heat the surrounding air, and the cooled and heated air is cooled. Is circulated in the storage room 12 while forcibly exchanging heat with the blower 15 to cool or heat the articles stored in the room, and return to the cooler 13 or the heating device 14 through the duct 16.
[0030]
On the other hand, the heating device 14 includes a first heater 17a and a second heater 17b.
[0031]
The first heater 17a is formed by bending a heater tube formed of a sheathed heater into a meandering shape having a straight tube portion 18a and a curved tube portion 19a, and is turned over by a folded portion 20a at an upper portion so as to be arranged on two opposing surfaces at an interval. They are connected and folded to form two parallel surfaces. And two terminals 21a are provided at the end of the heater tube.
[0032]
The second heater pipe 17b is formed by bending a heater pipe made of a sheathed heater into a meandering shape having a straight pipe portion 18b and a curved pipe portion 19b, and has a folded portion 20b at an upper portion so as to be arranged on two opposing surfaces with an interval. And folded back to form two parallel surfaces. And two terminals 21b are provided at the end of the heater tube.
[0033]
The heating device 14 is arranged such that one plane of the second heater 17b is overlapped with two planes of the first heater 17a at an interval, and is connected to one terminal 21a of the first heater 17a. One terminal 21b of the second heater 17b is electrically connected by the wiring 22.
[0034]
The operation of the cold storage configured as described above will be described.
[0035]
When cooling the articles stored in the storage chamber 12, the cooling operation of the cooling device is performed, and the cool air cooled by the cooler 13 by the blower 15 is circulated. The cool air circulated by the blower 15 cools the articles stored in the storage 12 and returns to the cooler 13 through the duct 16 to repeat the cooling.
[0036]
Next, when heating the articles stored in the storage chamber 12, when the heating device is energized to generate heat in the heater tube 17, a heat radiation action is started from the entire heating device 14. Then, a heating operation by forced ventilation is performed by the operation of the blower 15, and warm air heated by the heating device 14 is sent into the storage room 12 to heat the stored articles, and passes through the duct 16 again. Returning to the heating device 14, the heating is repeated.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 3A, when two heater tubes are arranged without overlapping, the interval between the two heater tubes is A, and the width dimension of the first heater and the second heater is B. In this case, the width L1 of the heating device after the arrangement is A + 2B.
[0038]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, when one plane of the second heater 17b is disposed so as to overlap the center between the two planes of the first heater 17a, the width of the heating device after the arrangement is obtained. The dimension L2 is 1.5B.
[0039]
Therefore, when one plane of the second heater 17b is arranged so as to be overlapped between the two planes of the first heater 17a at an interval, the first heater 17a and the second heater 17b are overlapped. The width of the heating device can be made smaller by L1−L2 = A + 0.5B as compared with the case where the heating device is not disposed, and the device can be made relatively compact.
[0040]
Also, by electrically connecting the first heater 17a and the second heater 17b, the length of the heater tube can be increased and the watt density of the heater can be reduced, so that the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself can be improved. improves.
[0041]
On the other hand, if the blower 15 is stopped due to an electrical failure of the vending machine 11 while the heating device 14 is energized in the heating operation, the air supply to the heating device 14 is stopped. The heat radiation from the surface of the heater tube to the air becomes worse due to natural convection only, and the surface temperature of the heater tube rises.
[0042]
At this time, even in the event that the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device including the cooler 13 and the surrounding atmosphere of the heating device 14 reaches the combustion range concentration of the flammable refrigerant, the heating device 14 remains in the first state. By electrically connecting the heater 17a and the second heater 17b, the length of the heater tube can be increased, and the surface temperature of the heater tube can be reduced by reducing the watt density of the heater. Igniting temperature (about 460 ° C. to 500 ° C. for isobutane and propane). For this reason, the heating device 14 does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, and safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which the equipment including the blower overlaps when the flammable refrigerant leaks.
[0043]
In an actual design, the surface temperature of the heater pipe is suppressed to about 350 to 400 ° C., which is about 100 ° C. lower than the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant, so that the heater pipe has a sufficient margin so as to be able to cope with variation factors and the like. It is desirable to determine the desired amount of heat generated at the time of temperature by specifying the input of the heater tube of the heating device, the number of the entire length, the outer diameter, the length, and the like.
[0044]
Further, in the present embodiment, the folded portion 20a of the first heater 17a and the folded portion 20b of the second heater 17b are installed so as to be on the upper side, however, the folded portion of one heater tube is located on the upper side and the other is on the other side. The heater tubes may be overlapped with each other so that the folded portion is located on the lower side.
[0045]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the heating device 14 includes a first heater 17a and a second heater 17b, and a curved tube portion 19a of a series of heater tubes and a curved tube portion. The number of the portions 19b is unified to either the odd number or the even number, and the folded portion 20a of the first heater 17a and the folded portion 20b of the second heater 17b are arranged in the same direction. When the terminal 21a of the heater 17a is electrically connected to the terminal 21b of the second heater 17b, the terminal 21a and the terminal 21b are oriented in the same direction, so that the wiring 22 connecting the two heater tubes can be simplified. .
[0046]
In the present embodiment, the number of curved tube portions 19a of the series of heater tubes of the first heater 17a and the number of curved tube portions 19b of the series of heater tubes of the second heater 17b are the same (both are 3). ), But may not necessarily be the same number and not an odd number. The number of curved pipe portions 19a of a series of heater tubes of the first heater 17a and the number of curved tube portions of a series of heater tubes of the second heater 17b are different. The number of 19b may be, for example, three and five, or two and four.
[0047]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the straight pipe portions 18a and 18b are taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 4B, and the heating device 14 is configured such that the first heater 17a and the second heater 17b are staggered. Therefore, when air is blown in the direction of the arrow in the drawing, the first heater tube arranged on the leeward side exchanges heat with fresh air, so that the heat radiation effect is improved.
[0048]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing a state before the heaters of the heating device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention are overlaid. FIG. 6B is a perspective view showing a state after the heaters of the heating device according to the embodiment are overlaid. FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a case where the heaters of the heating device are arranged without overlapping. FIG. 7B is a plan view of the heating device of the embodiment. FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing a state before the heaters of the heating device of the embodiment are overlapped. FIG. 8B is a perspective view showing a state after the heaters of the heating device according to the embodiment are overlaid. FIG. 9 is a side view of the heating device of the embodiment.
[0049]
In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6A, a first heater 17a, a second heater 17b, and a third heater 17c are provided. One plane of the second heater 17b and one plane of the third heater 17c are arranged so as to overlap each other with a space between the two planes, so that one terminal 21a of the first heater 17a and the second heater 17b One terminal 21b and one terminal 21c of the third heater 17c are electrically connected by wiring 22.
[0050]
As shown in FIG. 7 (a), when three heater tubes are arranged without overlapping, the interval between the three heater tubes is A, the first heater, the second heater, and the Assuming that the width of the heater 3 is B, the width L3 of the heating device after the arrangement is 2A + 3B.
[0051]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7B, when one plane of the second heater 17b and one plane of the third heater 17c are arranged so as to overlap each other at the center between the two planes of the first heater 17a, The width L4 of the heating device is 2B.
[0052]
Therefore, when the two planes of the second heater 17b and the third heater 17c are disposed so as to overlap each other at an interval between the two planes of the first heater 17a, the first heater 17a and the second plane Compared to a case where the heater 17b and the third heater 17c are arranged without being overlapped, the width of the heating device can be reduced by L3−L4 = 2A + B, and the size can be significantly reduced.
[0053]
Further, by electrically connecting the first heater 17a, the second heater 17b, and the third heater 17c, the heater tube length is further increased, and the watt density of the heater can be reduced. It can be reduced below the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant. Further, the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0054]
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the heating device 14 includes a first heater 17a, a second heater 17b, and a third heater 17c. The number of the tube portions 19a, the bent tube portions 19b, and the bent tube portions 19c is unified to either an odd number or an even number, and the folded portion 20a of the first heater 17a, the folded portion 20b of the second heater 17b, and the third The heater 17c folded portion 20c is disposed in the same direction, so that the terminal 21a of the first heater 17a, the terminal 21b of the second heater 17b, and the terminal 21c of the third heater 17c are electrically connected. Since the terminals 21a, 21b, and 21c face in the same direction, the wiring 22 connecting the three heater tubes can be simplified.
[0055]
In the present embodiment, the number of the curved tube portions 19a of the series of heater tubes of the first heater 17a and the series of the curved tube portions 19b of the series of heater tubes of the second heater 17b and the third heater 17c are set. The number of curved pipe portions 19c of the heater tube is the same (three in each case), but is not necessarily the same and not an odd number. The number of curved pipe portions 19a of a series of heater tubes of the first heater 17a is the same. And the number of curved pipe portions 19b of the series of heater tubes of the second heater 17b and the number of curved pipe portions 19c of the series of heater tubes of the third heater 17c are, for example, three and five, or two. It may be four or four.
[0056]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the straight pipe sections 18a, 18b, 18c are taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 8B, and the heating device 14 includes the first heater 17a, the second heater 17b, and the second heater 17b. Since the third heaters 17c are arranged in a staggered arrangement, when air is blown in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the first heater arranged on the leeward side exchanges heat with fresh air, thereby improving the heat radiation effect. I do.
[0057]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heating device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
[0058]
In FIG. 10, a heater tube 31 bent in a meandering shape is covered with a metal mesh member 32 at a predetermined interval to form a heating device 33.
[0059]
In the above configuration, since the metal mesh member 32 can be ventilated from the mesh portion, it is possible to prevent external influence on the heater tube 31 while securing heat radiation by forced convection and natural convection by the blower. .
[0060]
In addition, if the combustible refrigerant in the cold storage using the combustible refrigerant leaks for some reason and the heating device 33 is exposed to a combustible atmosphere, the mesh portion may be ignited by any chance on the surface of the heater tube 31. Due to the resistance, the flame does not propagate and ignite in the external atmosphere, and safety in the event of an abnormality can be ensured. In this case, there is no special restriction on the specification of the heater tube 31 covered with the metal mesh member 32, and any heater that satisfies the required heat generation can be selected, and the degree of freedom in design can be increased.
[0061]
The opening area and shape of the mesh part and the distance between the heater tube 31 and the mesh member 32 have an appropriate range that can prevent the propagation of the flame to the outside, and are experimentally confirmed by correlation with the design surface temperature of the heater. These factors are comprehensively selected in anticipation of the rate.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heating device according to the first aspect has at least one surface formed by bending a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion in a meandering manner. The first heater forms a space surrounded by three directions including at least one surface, and at least one of the second heaters is provided inside the space. The heating device is relatively compact compared to the case where two heaters are arranged side by side, and the heater tube length can be reduced by electrically connecting the two heaters. And the watt density of the heater can be reduced, so that the surface temperature of the heater tube can be reduced to the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant or lower. Further, the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0063]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a heater tube having a straight pipe portion and a curved pipe portion is bent in a meandering shape to form two surfaces, and the surfaces are spaced from each other. A first heater and a second heater which are connected and turned back by a turning portion so as to face each other are provided, and one plane of the second heater is spaced between two parallel surfaces of the first heater. The heating device is characterized by being arranged so as to be superimposed, and the heating device can be made relatively compact as compared with the case where the first and second heaters are arranged side by side.
[0064]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to the second aspect, the first heater and the second heater further include a curved portion of one heater tube. Of the first heater and the folded portion of the second heater are arranged so as to be in the same direction, and the terminal of the first heater is connected to the terminal of the first heater. Since the terminals of the second heater and the second heater are oriented in the same direction, the wiring connecting the two heaters can be simplified.
[0065]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device of the second aspect, the first heater and the second heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement. And the heat radiation effect is improved.
[0066]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion is bent in a meandering shape to form two surfaces, and the surfaces are spaced from each other. A first heater, a second heater, and a third heater which are connected and folded by a folded portion so as to face each other are provided, and one plane of the second heater and the second heater are arranged between two parallel planes of the first heater. The three heaters are arranged such that one plane is overlapped with an interval therebetween, and the heating device can be made more compact as compared with the case where the first, second, and third heaters are arranged side by side. In addition, by electrically connecting the three heaters, the length of the heater tube can be further increased, and the watt density of the heater can be reduced, so that the surface temperature of the heater tube can be further reduced to the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant. Further, the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are further improved.
[0067]
Further, the invention of the heating device according to claim 6 is a heating device according to claim 5, further comprising a first heater, a second heater, and a third heater, a series of heater tubes. The number of the curved tube portions is unified to either the odd number or the even number, and the folded portion of the first heater, the folded portion of the second heater, and the folded portion of the third heater are arranged in the same direction. Since the terminals of the first heater, the terminals of the second heater, and the terminals of the third heater face in the same direction, the wiring for connecting the three heaters can be simplified.
[0068]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the heating apparatus, the first heater, the second heater, and the third heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement. The heat radiation effect is further improved.
[0069]
Further, the invention of a heating device according to claim 8 is such that the heating device of claims 1 to 7 is covered with a metal mesh member. External effects can be prevented. Also, if the heater tube surface is ignited by any factor when exposed to a flammable atmosphere, the flame does not propagate into the external atmosphere due to the resistance of the mesh portion and does not ignite.
[0070]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cold and hot storage according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein a storage room for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage room, and the storage room are heated. Item, and a blower for forcibly circulating the air in the storage chamber or the heat exchanger to the air in the storage chamber and exchanging heat, and when the operation of the cold storage is abnormal, etc. Even when the blower stops blowing and the heating device is energized, the heater tube length increases and the heater watt density is reduced by electrically connecting two or three heaters. As a result, the surface temperature of the heating device does not rise excessively, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0071]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold storage according to the ninth aspect, wherein a flammable refrigerant is filled as a refrigerant of the cooling device in the cold storage according to the ninth aspect. When the air supply is stopped, the heating device is energized, and the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device, the length of the heater tube is increased by electrically connecting two or three heaters. Since the watt density of the heating device can be reduced, the surface temperature of the heating device is suppressed to be equal to or lower than the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant, so that ignition can be avoided. In addition, even if the flammable refrigerant leaks on the surface of the heater tube is ignited by the metal plate having the mesh member covering the heating device, it is possible to prevent the flame from propagating to the outside atmosphere and to prevent ignition.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a heating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state before and after a heater of the heating device according to the embodiment is overlaid;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state before and after the heaters of the heating device according to the embodiment are overlaid;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state before and after overlapping a heater of a heating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state before and after the heater of the heating device according to the embodiment is overlaid;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a conventional heating device.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a conventional heating device.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Vending machines (cold storage)
12 storage rooms
13 cooler (cooling device)
14,33 Heating device
15 Blower
17 heater tube
17a first heater
17b Second heater
17c Third heater
31 heater
18a, 18b, 18c Straight pipe section
19a, 19b, 19c Curved tube
20a, 20b, 20c folded part
21a, 21b, 21c terminals
22 Wiring
32 mesh members

Claims

A heat pipe having a straight pipe section and a curved pipe section is bent in a meandering shape to form at least one or more surfaces, and the first and second heaters are formed. A heating device, wherein the heater forms a space surrounded in three directions including at least one surface, and at least a part or one surface of a second heater is incorporated and disposed inside the space.

A heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion is bent in a meandering shape to form two surfaces, and the two surfaces are connected to each other by a fold portion so that the surfaces are opposed to each other with a space therebetween. 1, a heating device including a second heater, and disposed so as to overlap one plane of the second heater at an interval between two planes of the first heater.

In the first heater and the second heater, the number of bent pipe portions of one heater is unified to either the odd number or the even number, and the folded portion of the first heater and the folded portion of the second heater are: The heating device according to claim 2, wherein the heating devices are arranged in the same direction.

The heating device according to claim 2, wherein the first heater and the second heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement.

A heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion is bent in a meandering shape to form two surfaces, and the two surfaces are connected to each other by a fold portion so that the surfaces are opposed to each other with a space therebetween. A heating device including first, second, and third heaters, wherein one plane of the second heater and one plane of the third heater are arranged so as to overlap each other between the two planes of the first heater at an interval; apparatus.

In the first heater, the second heater, and the third heater, the number of curved pipe portions of the series of heater tubes is unified to either the odd number or the even number, and the folded portion of the first heater and the second The heating device according to claim 5, wherein the folded portion of the heater and the folded portion of the third heater are arranged in the same direction.

The heating device according to claim 5, wherein the first heater, the second heater, and the third heater are arranged in a staggered arrangement.

A heating device comprising the heating device according to claim 1 covered with a metal mesh member.

9. A storage room for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage room, and a heating device for heating the storage room according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and air in the storage room. And a blower for forcibly circulating heat through the cooler of the cooling device or the heating device to exchange heat.

A cold storage having the heating device according to claim 9, wherein a flammable refrigerant is sealed as a refrigerant of the cooling device.