JP2004163024A

JP2004163024A - Warming device, cool storage with warming device, and method of manufacturing warming device

Info

Publication number: JP2004163024A
Application number: JP2002330551A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kazuhiko Ito; 和彦伊藤; Takumi Kida; 琢己木田
Original assignee: Matsushita Refrigeration Co
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2002-11-14
Filing date: 2002-11-14
Publication date: 2004-06-10

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a warming device, and a cool storage with the warming device having high heat radiating effect and securing the safety even when it is exposed to the combustible gas atmosphere. <P>SOLUTION: This warming device is composed of a heater pipe 17 having a straight pipe part 18 and a curved pipe part 19, and plate fins 21 mounted on the heater pipes 17 at intervals and having round holes 21a, and the round hole 21a of the plate fins 21 are closely adhered to the heater pipe 18, whereby the heat radiating effect is increased, a surface temperature of the heater pipe 17 can be controlled, and the safety can be secured by preventing the ignition even when a combustible refrigerant of the cool storage 11 unlikely leaks. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、加温装置、及びこの加温装置と冷却装置を有して冷温機能を兼ね備えた自動販売機、ショーケースその他の冷温貯蔵庫に関し、特に冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を用いるものに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、地球のオゾン層を保護する観点から、冷温貯蔵庫における冷却装置の冷凍サイクルに使用されていた冷媒ＣＦＣ（クロロフルオロカーボン）−１２あるいはＨＣＦＣ（ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン）−２２といった塩素原子を含んだ冷媒の使用が規制され、塩素原子を含まず、オゾン層を破壊しないＨＦＣ（ハイドロフルオロカーボン）冷媒への転換が進行している。
【０００３】
従来、主にＨＦＣ−２２冷媒を用いていた自動販売機においては、その代替冷媒としてＨＦＣ冷媒の混合冷媒であるＲ４０７Ｃが採用されている。
【０００４】
一方、これらＲ４０７ＣなどのＨＦＣ冷媒は、オゾン層破壊はないものの、地球温暖化係数が高いため、地球温暖化に対しては不十分な冷媒となり、そのため地球温暖化係数の低い冷媒として、ＨＦＣ冷媒に代わってＨＣ（ハイドロカーボン）冷媒が注目されている。
【０００５】
以下、図面を参照しながら、上記従来の冷温貯蔵庫を説明する。
【０００６】
図１０は、従来の冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図である。図１１は従来の加温装置の斜視図である。
【０００７】
図１０，図１１において、自動販売機１の物品を収納する収納室２の下部に、一般的にフィンアンドチューブ型の冷却器３を有し、冷媒が封入された冷凍サイクルよりなる冷却装置と、一般的にシーズヒータを蛇行状に曲げ加工して形成された加温装置４を備え、冷却器３と加温装置４の間に強制通風用の送風機５を配置している。また、収納室２の背面にはダクト６が配置され、ダクト６を介して収納室２と冷却器３と加温装置４が連通するよう構成されている。
【０００８】
そして、冷却時は冷凍サイクルの冷媒を冷却器３で蒸発させて周辺空気を冷却し、加温時は加温装置４のヒータに通電して周辺空気を加熱し、それぞれ冷却，加熱された空気を送風機５によって強制的に熱交換させながら収納室２内に循環させて室内に収納された物品を冷却または加温し、ダクト６を通じて冷却器３または加温装置４に帰還させるものである（例えば、特許文献１，２参照。）。
【０００９】
【特許文献１】
特開昭５７−５２９８８号公報
【特許文献２】
実開昭６２−７５５７８号公報
【００１０】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述のような近年の環境下において、このような冷凍サイクルの冷媒にＨＣ系冷媒などの可燃性冷媒を使用する場合には可燃性冷媒の漏れに注意を払わなければならず、特に自動販売機等のように物品の収納室で半密閉空間内部へ漏れた可燃性冷媒へ引火しないように安全性を高める必要がある。
【００１１】
しかし、上述のような加温装置４では、強制通風用の送風機５が何らかの故障等で停止して停止すると加温装置４の放熱は自然対流のみに依存することになるため、加温用のヒータの表面温度は概ね５００℃超に達して可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）を超え、可燃性冷媒が漏れた場合の安全性に問題があった。
【００１２】
また、地球資源の有効活用、電機機器の消費電力量抑制の観点から、自動販売機、ショーケース等に代表される冷温貯蔵庫に用いられる加温装置においても省エネルギー化が一層求められてきている。
【００１３】
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するもので、放熱効果の高い加温装置とこの加温装置を備えて冷凍サイクルの冷媒として可燃性冷媒を使用しても冷却と加温を安全に行える冷温貯蔵庫を提供することを目的とする。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項１に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒータ管と、前記ヒータ管の周囲に密着してなるプレートフィンで構成され、前記プレートフィンは互いに間隔を置いて配置されたことを特徴とする加温装置であり、ヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。強制対流時はプレートフィンが間隔をおいて配置され通風抵抗とならず被加温物の加温効率が高められる。また、放熱効果、被加温物の加温効率が高められる分ヒータ管の表面温度が低下し、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００１５】
請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒータ管と、前記ヒータ管に互いに間隔を置いて配設された丸穴を有するプレートフィンで構成され、前記プレートフィンの丸穴の周囲のフィン材が前記ヒータ管に密着していることを特徴とする加温装置であり、ヒータ管が丸穴の周囲のフィン材に密着することから、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、より一層放熱効果が高められる。その為、ヒータ管の表面温度が低下し、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００１６】
請求項３に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１、請求項２のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記ヒータ管は、直管部と曲管部を有する複数のＵ字状ヒータ管と複数の接続部材からなり、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部と他の前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部をフレキシブルな形状が可能な電線などの接続部材により接続して電気的に導通させたことで、設計自由度が高くなることからヒータ管の挿入向きや本数を自由に設定が可能となることから、設置される機械室等に合った加温装置を提供できる。
【００１７】
請求項４に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１、請求項２のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記ヒータ管は、直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げられていることを特徴とした加温装置であり、プレートフィンによりヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。強制対流時はプレートフィンが間隔をおいて配置され通風抵抗とならず被加温物の加温効率が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上し、製造工数の低減も図れる。
【００１８】
請求項５に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴の穴径は前記ヒータ管の管外径より小さいことを特徴としたもので、ヒータ管をプレートフィンへ挿入する工程によりヒータ管とプレートフィンとを安価で容易に密着させることができる。また、ヒータ管とプレートフィンの密着性を向上させることができ、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンからの放熱効果も向上させることができる。また、プレートフィンにアルミなどの熱伝導性の高い材料を用いた際に、熱膨張率が異なり経時変化でヒータ管とプレートフィンの間に隙間を生じ易くなることを抑制し、長期使用の安全性を確保できる。
【００１９】
請求項６に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４、請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴にカラーを設けたことを特徴としたもので、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの密着性を向上させることができ、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンからの放熱効果も向上させることができる。また、プレートフィンにアルミなどの熱伝導性の高い材料を用いた際に、熱膨張率が異なり経時変化でヒータ管とプレートフィンの間に隙間を生じ易くなることを抑制し、長期使用の安全性を確保できる。
【００２０】
請求項７に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４、請求項５、請求項６のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴に切り込みを設けたことを特徴としたもので、プレートフィンの丸穴にヒータ管が挿入される際、切り込みにて穴周辺、もしくはカラーにひずみによる亀裂の発生を防止することができ、ヒータ管のプレートフィンを挿入する加熱装置生産の歩留まりが高くなる。また、切り込みを起点に穴部が広がりヒータ管との密着性が向上することから放熱効果が向上する。
【００２１】
請求項８に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、物品を収納する収納室と、前記収納室内を冷却する冷却装置と、前記収納室内を加温する請求項１から請求項７のいずれか一項に記載の加温装置と、前記収納室内の空気を前記冷却装置の冷却器または前記加温装置に強制循環して熱交換させる送風機とからなるものであり、ヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められ、強制対流時は被加温物の加温効率が高められる。また、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電されているような場合においても、放熱効果により加温装置の表面温度が過度に上昇することはなくなり、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００２２】
請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、請求項８に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明において、冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を封入したものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電され、さらに、冷却装置より可燃性冷媒が漏洩した場合にも、フィン効果で自然対流の放熱が促進されてヒータ管の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に抑制されるため発火を避けることができる。
【００２３】
請求項１０に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部からなるＵ字状ヒータ管に曲げ加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部と他の前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部を接続部材により接続する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、ヒータ管の伝熱表面を拡大させることで、放熱効果、被加温物の加温効率が高められる。その為、ヒータ管の表面温度が低下し、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００２４】
請求項１１に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に直管状のヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、プレートフィンによりヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上し、製造工数の低減も図れる。
【００２５】
請求項１２に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部からなるＵ字状ヒータ管に曲げ加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、プレートフィンによりヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上し、製造工数の低減も図れる。また、Ｕ字状から蛇行状へ曲げ加工することから、蛇行曲げ加工回数をさらに少なくでき、製造工数の低減が図れる。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による加温装置及びこの加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
【００２７】
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１による加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図である。図２は同実施の形態の加温装置の斜視図である。図３は同実施の形態の加温装置の正面図である。図４は同実施の形態の別の加温装置の斜視図である。
【００２８】
図１、図２、図３、図４において、冷温貯蔵庫である自動販売機１１の物品を収納する収納室１２の下部に、フィンアンドチューブ型の冷却器１３を有し、炭化水素系のプロパン，イソブタンなどの可燃性冷媒が封入された冷凍サイクルよりなる冷却装置と、加温装置１４を備え、冷却器１３と加温装置１４の間に強制通風用の送風機１５を配置している。また、収納室１２の背面にはダクト１６が配置され、ダクト１６を介して収納室１２と冷却器１３と加温装置１４が連通するよう構成されている。
【００２９】
そして、冷却時は冷凍サイクルの可燃性冷媒を冷却器１３で蒸発させて周辺空気を冷却し、加温時は加温装置１４に通電して周辺空気を加熱し、それぞれ冷却，加熱された空気を送風機１５によって強制的に熱交換させながら収納室１２内に循環させて室内に収納された物品を冷却または加温し、ダクト１６を通じて冷却器１３または加温装置１４に帰還させるものである。
【００３０】
一方、加温装置１４は、以下の製造工程により形成する。
【００３１】
まずプレートフィン２１の板面に丸穴２１ａを複数加工する。次に、直管状のシーズヒータよりなるヒータ管１７を直管部１８と曲管部１９を有するＵ字状に曲げ加工する。次に、ヒータ管１７を互いに間隔をおいて配置された一群のプレートフィン２１の丸穴２１ａに挿入することで丸穴の周囲のフィン材が全周にわたり密着する。このとき、丸穴２１ａの穴径は、ヒータ管１７の管外径より小さくすることで、挿入するだけでプレートフィン２１とヒータ管１７は容易に密着する。なお、複数のヒータ管１７のプレートフィン２１への挿入向きは同一方向に限らず、ヒータ管１７同士を対向させるように、逆向きに挿入するなどフレキシブルに対応してもよい。次にヒータ管１７の端部と他のヒータ管１７の端部を接続部材２０で接続し、加温装置１４を形成する。ここでプレートフィン２１は熱伝導性の高いアルミニウムを素材としたものが好ましい。また、接続部材２０はヒータ管１７の端部と他のヒータ管１７の端部を接続作業が容易で、かつプレートフィン２１へのヒータ管１７の挿入向きや配置に設計自由度を高く持たせるため、フレキシブルな形状を持たすことが可能な電線等を使用するのが好ましい。なお、ヒータ管１７の直管部１８とプレートフィン２１との密着方法は、圧入、あるいは溶接のほか、耐熱性かつ熱伝導性のある接着材料を用いてもよい。
【００３２】
以上のように構成された冷温貯蔵庫についてその動作を説明する。
【００３３】
収納室１２内に収納された物品を冷却する場合、冷却装置の冷却運転を行い、送風機１５により冷却器１３で冷却された冷気を循環させる。送風機１５により循環された冷気は収納室１２内に収納された物品を冷却し、ダクト１６を通り再度冷却器１３へ戻り冷却を繰り返す。
【００３４】
次に、収納室１２に収納された物品を加温する場合、加温装置に通電を行い、ヒータ管１７を発熱させると、プレートフィン２１に熱伝導作用で伝熱され加熱装置１４の全体より放熱作用が開始される。そして、送風機１５の運転により強制通風による加温運転が行われ、加温装置１４で加温された暖気が収納室１２内に送り込まれて収納された物品を加温し、ダクト１６を通り再度加温装置１４へ戻り加温を繰り返す。
【００３５】
このとき、送風機１５の送風方向が、多数のプレートフィン２１が間隔をおいて並べられた加温装置１４の正面に対向するよう配置されているため、送風機１５から吐出された空気はプレートフィン２１相互間の間隔を通じて通気できるため、通風抵抗が大きくならず効果的な熱交換作用が得られる。このため、加温装置１４のサイズを変えず表面温度を低減させてヒータ管自体や周辺部の安全性，信頼性を高めるように設計することも可能である。
【００３６】
一方、加温運転で加温装置１４への通電中に、自動販売機１１の電気的な故障等により、送風機１５が停止した場合、加温装置１４への送風が停止するため、ヒータ管１７またはプレートフィン２１の表面から空気への放熱は自然対流のみとなるため悪化し、ヒータ管１７の表面温度は上昇する。
【００３７】
この時、万一冷却器１３を含む冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置１４の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、加温装置１４は鉛直方向に配列された多数のプレートフィン２１を有しているため、自然対流時にもプレートフィンに沿った上昇気流で放熱を促進することができ、ヒータ管１７の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。このため、加温装置１４が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。なお、プレートフィン２１をヒータ管１７の曲管部１９にも配置させた場合は、ヒータ管１７の外表面積が増大することにより、高い放熱効果が得られ、加温装置の１４の表面温度低減が図れるため、より高い安全性を確保できる。
【００３８】
なお、実際の設計においては、ヒータ管１７の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の着火温度より約１００℃低い３５０〜４００℃程度に抑えて裕度を持たせ、バラツキ要因などに対応できるよう、通常の加温時に所望される発熱量を加熱装置のヒータ管１７の入力や全長及びプレートフィン２１の配置場所、枚数、長さ、巾等の諸元を定めるのが望ましい。
【００３９】
また、上述の作用効果は異常時について述べたが、通常の加温運転時においてもプレートフィン２１のフィン効果により放熱効果が高まることから、強制通風時間低減や強制通風量低減を図っても被加温物を要望される温度まで加温できるため、送風機１５の小型化または運転時間低減が可能となり、省エネルギー化を図ることができる。
【００４０】
また、加温装置１４の単品についても、プレートフィン２１のフィン効果により放熱効果が高められることで、ヒータ管１７の表面温度を低減できるため、加温機能を必要とする種々の機器や装置に適用して安全性，信頼性の向上を図ることができる。
【００４１】
また、ヒータ管１７をプレートフィン２１にヒータ管１７同士が対向するよう逆向きに挿入した場合は、ヒータ管１７をより高密度でプレートフィン２１に密着できるため、加温装置１４の小型化も図ることができる。なお、加温装置１４は設置される冷凍冷蔵庫の機械室に合うよう、ヒータ管１７の挿入向きや本数を定めるのが望ましい。
【００４２】
（実施の形態２）
図５は、本発明の実施の形態２による加温装置の斜視図である。
【００４３】
加温装置２２は、以下の製造工程により形成する。
【００４４】
まず、プレートフィン２６の板面に丸穴２６ａをプレートフィン２６の１枚につき１箇所加工する。次に、直管状のヒータ管２３を互いに間隔をおいて配置された一群のプレートフィン２６の丸穴２６ａに挿入し密着する。このとき、丸穴２６ａの穴径は、ヒータ管２３の管外径より小さくすることで、挿入することでプレートフィン２６とヒータ管２３は密着する。次に、プレートフィン２６と密着した直管状のヒータ管２３を直管部２４と曲管部２５が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工し、加温装置２２を形成する。
【００４５】
したがって、ヒータ管２３を途中で接続する必要がなくなることで、接続工程を省くことができ、より合理的かつ経済的に製造が可能となる。
【００４６】
また、万一冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置２２の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、加温装置２２は鉛直方向に配列された多数のプレートフィン２６を有しているため、自然対流時にもプレートフィン２６に沿った上昇気流で放熱を促進することができ、ヒータ管２３の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。また、ヒータ管２３同士の電気的な接続部がないことから、接続部の絶縁不良なども生じることがない。このため、加温装置２２が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。
【００４７】
（実施の形態３）
図６は、本発明の実施の形態３による加温装置の斜視図である。
【００４８】
加温装置２８は、以下の製造工程により形成する。
【００４９】
まず、プレートフィン３２の板面に丸穴３２ａをプレートフィン３２の１枚につき２箇所加工する。次に、直管状のヒータ管２９を直管部３０及び曲管部３１を有するＵ字状に曲げ加工する。次に、ヒータ管２９を互いに間隔をおいて配置された一群のプレートフィン３２の丸穴３２ａに挿入し密着する。このとき、丸穴３２ａの穴径は、ヒータ管２９の管外径より小さくすることで、挿入することでプレートフィン３２とヒータ管２９は密着する。次に、プレートフィン３２と密着したＵ字状のヒータ管２９を直管部３０と曲管部３１が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工し、加温装置２８を形成する。
【００５０】
したがって、ヒータ管２９を途中で接続する必要がなくなることで、接続工程を省くことができる。また、Ｕ字状のヒータ管２９を蛇行状に曲げ加工することから、蛇行曲げ加工回数を少なくできるため、より合理的かつ経済的に製造が可能となる。
【００５１】
また、万一冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置２８の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、加温装置２８は鉛直方向に配列された多数のプレートフィン３２を有しているため、自然対流時にもプレートフィン３２に沿った上昇気流で放熱を促進することができ、ヒータ管２９の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。また、ヒータ管２９同士の電気的な接続部がないことから、接続部の絶縁不良なども生じることがない。このため、加温装置２８が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。
【００５２】
（実施の形態４）
図７は、本発明の実施の形態４による加温装置のヒータ挿入部断面図である。
【００５３】
図７において、プレートフィン４１は板面に丸穴４１ａを有しており、丸穴４１ａにはカラー４２を設けている。ヒータ管４０は、互いに間隔をおいて配置された一群のプレートフィン４１に挿入され、カラー４２の内面に密着している。このとき、カラー４２の内径は、ヒータ管４０の管外径より小さくすることで、挿入するだけでプレートフィン４１とヒータ管４０は密着する。
【００５４】
以上のような構成により、プレートフィン４１とヒータ管４０の密着性を向上させることができ、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンからの放熱効果もより向上させることができる。
【００５５】
また、万一冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、プレートフィン４１で放熱を促進することができ、ヒータ管４０の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。このため、加温装置が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。
【００５６】
（実施の形態５）
図８は、本発明の実施の形態５による加温装置の丸穴詳細図である。また図９は同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータ挿入部断面図である。
【００５７】
図８、図９において、プレートフィン４６に設けられた丸穴４６ａには、少なくとも４箇所以上の切り込み４６ｂを均等に配置する。ヒータ管４５は、互いに間隔をおいて配置された一群のプレートフィン４６に挿入される。
【００５８】
以上のような構成により、プレートフィン４６の丸穴にヒータ管４５が挿入される際、切り込み４６ｂにて穴周辺のひずみによる亀裂の発生を防止することができ、ヒータ管４５のプレートフィン４６を挿入する加熱装置生産の歩留まりが高くなる。また、切り込み４６ｂを起点に穴部が広がりヒータ管との密着性が向上することから放熱効果が向上する。
【００５９】
また、万一冷却装置から可燃性冷媒が漏れて、加温装置の周辺雰囲気が可燃性冷媒の燃焼範囲濃度に達した場合においても、プレートフィン４６で放熱を促進することができ、ヒータ管４５の表面温度を可燃性冷媒の着火温度（イソブタン，プロパンで概ね４６０℃〜５００℃）以下にまで低減することができる。このため、加温装置が着火源となって冷媒が発火することがなく、可燃性冷媒の漏洩時に送風機を含む機器の故障が重なった異常時においても安全性を確保できる。
【００６０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒータ管と、前記ヒータ管の周囲に密着してなるプレートフィンで構成され、前記プレートフィンは互いに間隔を置いて配置したことで、プレートフィンにより、ヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。このため、ヒータ管の表面温度を低下させてヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性を高めることもできる。
【００６１】
また、請求項２に記載の加温装置の発明は、直管部と曲管部を有するヒータ管と、前記ヒータ管に互いに間隔を置いて配設された丸穴を有するプレートフィンで構成され、前記プレートフィンの丸穴に前記ヒータ管に密着させたことで、丸穴の周囲のフィン材にヒータ管が密着するため、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンとヒータ管との密着性が向上することことから、放熱効果がより高められる。このため、ヒータ管の表面温度を低下させてヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性を高めることもできる。
【００６２】
また、請求項３に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１、請求項２のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記ヒータ管は、直管部と曲管部を有する複数のＵ字状ヒータ管と複数の接続部材からなり、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部と他の前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部を接続部材により接続して電気的に導通させたことで、設計自由度が高くなることから、ヒータ管の挿入向きや本数を自由に設定が可能となり、設置される機械室等に合った加温装置を提供できる。
【００６３】
また、請求項４に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項１、請求項２に記載の発明において、前記ヒータ管は、直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げられていることを特徴とした加温装置であり、ヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。強制対流時はプレートフィンが間隔をおいて配置され通風抵抗とならず被加温物の加温効率が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性も高めることができる。また、接続工程をなくせることから製造工数を低減できる。
【００６４】
また、請求項５に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴の穴径は前記ヒータ管の管外径より小さいことを特徴としたもので、ヒータ管をプレートフィンへ挿入する工程でヒータ管とプレートフィンとを安価で容易に密着させることができる。また、ヒータ管とプレートフィンの密着性を向上させることができ、ヒータ管と、プレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンからの放熱効果も向上させることができる。また、プレートフィンにアルミなどの熱伝導性の高い材料を用いた際に、熱膨張率が異なり経時変化でヒータ管とプレートフィンの間に隙間を生じ易くなることを抑制し、長期使用の安全性を確保できる。
【００６５】
また、請求項６に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４、請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴にカラーを設けたことを特徴としたもので、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの密着性を向上させることができ、ヒータ管とプレートフィンとの熱伝導能力が高まり、プレートフィンからの放熱効果も向上させることができる。また、プレートフィンにアルミなどの熱伝導性の高い材料を用いた際に、熱膨張率が異なり経時変化でヒータ管とプレートフィンの間に隙間を生じ易くなることを抑制し、長期使用の安全性を確保できる。
【００６６】
また、請求項７に記載の加温装置の発明は、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４、請求項５、請求項６のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記プレートフィンの丸穴に切り込みを設けたことを特徴としたもので、プレートフィンの丸穴にヒータ管が挿入される際、切り込みにて穴周辺、もしくはカラーにひずみによる亀裂の発生を防止することができ、ヒータ管のプレートフィンを挿入する加熱装置生産の歩留まりが高くなる。また、切り込みを起点に穴部が広がりヒータ管との密着性が向上することから放熱効果が向上する。
【００６７】
また、請求項８に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、物品を収納する収納室と、前記収納室内を冷却する冷却装置と、前記収納室内を加温する請求項１から請求項７のいずれか一項に記載の加温装置と、前記収納室内の空気を前記冷却装置の冷却器または前記加温装置に強制循環して熱交換させる送風機とからなるものであり、ヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められ、強制対流時は被加温物の加温効率が高められる。また、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電されているような場合においても、放熱効果により加温装置の表面温度が過度に上昇することはなくなり、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上する。
【００６８】
また、請求項９に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明は、請求項８に記載の冷温貯蔵庫の発明において、冷却装置の冷媒として可燃性冷媒を封入したものであり、冷温貯蔵庫の運転異常時などにおいて、送風機による送風が停止し、加温装置が通電され、さらに、冷却装置より可燃性冷媒が漏洩した場合にも、フィン効果で自然対流の放熱が促進されてヒータ管の表面温度が可燃性冷媒の発火温度以下に抑制されるため発火を避け安全性を確保することができる。
【００６９】
また、請求項１０に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部からなるＵ字状ヒータ管に曲げ加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部と他の前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管の端部を接続部材により接続する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、ヒータ管の伝熱表面を拡大させることで、放熱効果、被加温物の加温効率が高められる。その為、ヒータ管の表面温度が低下させることができ、ヒータ周辺部やヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性を向できる。
【００７０】
また、請求項１１に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に直管状のヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、プレートフィンによりヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上し、製造工数の低減も図れる。
【００７１】
また、請求項１２に記載の加温装置の製造方法の発明は、プレートフィンの板面に丸穴を加工する工程と、直管状のヒータ管を直管部と曲管部からなるＵ字状ヒータ管に曲げ加工する工程と、前記プレートフィンを互いに間隔を置いて配置し前記丸穴に前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を挿入する工程と、前記Ｕ字状ヒータ管を直管部と曲管部が連続する蛇行状に曲げ加工する工程よりなる加温装置の製造方法であり、プレートフィンによりヒータ管の外表面積が増大して放熱効果が高められる。また接続部がないため、接続部の絶縁不良などの発生がなくなることによりヒータ自体の安全性，信頼性が向上し、製造工数の低減も図れる。また、Ｕ字状から蛇行状へ曲げ加工することから、蛇行曲げ加工回数を少なくでき、製造工数の低減ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明による実施の形態１の加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図
【図２】同実施の形態の加温装置の斜視図
【図３】同実施の形態の加温装置の正面図
【図４】同実施の形態の別の加温装置の斜視図
【図５】本発明による実施の形態２の加温装置の斜視図
【図６】本発明の実施の形態３による加温装置の斜視図
【図７】本発明の実施の形態４による加温装置のヒータ挿入部断面図
【図８】本発明の実施の形態５による加温装置の丸穴詳細図
【図９】同実施の形態の加温装置のヒータ挿入部断面図
【図１０】従来の加温装置を備えた冷温貯蔵庫の斜視図
【図１１】従来の加温装置の斜視図
【符号の説明】
１１自動販売機（冷温貯蔵庫）
１２収納室
１３冷却器（冷却装置）
１４，２２，２８加温装置
１５送風機
１７，２３，２９，４０，４５ヒータ管
１８，２４，３０直管部
１９，２５，３１曲管部
２０接続部材
２１，２６，３２，４１，４６プレートフィン
２１ａ，２６ａ，３２ａ，４１ａ，４６ａ丸穴
４２カラー
４６ｂ切り込み[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heating device, a vending machine having a heating and cooling device and a cooling and heating function having a cooling and heating function, a showcase and other cold and hot storages, and more particularly to a cooling device using a combustible refrigerant as a cooling device. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the earth's ozone layer, a refrigerant containing chlorine atoms such as refrigerant CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) -12 or HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) -22 used in a refrigeration cycle of a cooling device in a cold storage is used. Use is regulated, and conversion to HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerant that does not contain chlorine atoms and does not destroy the ozone layer is in progress.
[0003]
Conventionally, in a vending machine mainly using HFC-22 refrigerant, R407C which is a mixed refrigerant of HFC refrigerant is adopted as a substitute refrigerant.
[0004]
On the other hand, although HFC refrigerants such as R407C do not cause ozone layer depletion, they have a high global warming potential and are insufficient for global warming. HC (hydrocarbon) refrigerants have been attracting attention in place of.
[0005]
Hereinafter, the conventional cold storage will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0006]
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a conventional cold storage. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional heating device.
[0007]
10 and 11, a cooling device having a refrigeration cycle having a fin-and-tube type cooler 3 in a lower part of a storage room 2 for storing articles of the vending machine 1 is generally provided with a refrigerant. In general, a heating device 4 is formed by bending a sheathed heater in a meandering shape, and a blower 5 for forced ventilation is disposed between the cooler 3 and the heating device 4. A duct 6 is disposed on the back of the storage room 2, and the storage room 2, the cooler 3, and the heating device 4 communicate with each other via the duct 6.
[0008]
During cooling, the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is evaporated by the cooler 3 to cool the surrounding air. At the time of heating, the heater of the heating device 4 is energized to heat the surrounding air. Is circulated in the storage chamber 2 while forcibly exchanging heat with the blower 5 to cool or heat the articles stored in the chamber, and return the articles to the cooler 3 or the heating device 4 through the duct 6 ( For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2.)
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-57-52988
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-75578
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a recent environment as described above, when a flammable refrigerant such as an HC-based refrigerant is used as the refrigerant of such a refrigeration cycle, attention must be paid to the leakage of the flammable refrigerant, and It is necessary to increase the safety so that the flammable refrigerant leaking into the semi-enclosed space in the article storage room like a vending machine is not ignited.
[0011]
However, in the heating device 4 as described above, if the blower 5 for forced ventilation stops and stops due to some failure or the like, the heat radiation of the heating device 4 depends only on natural convection. The surface temperature of the heater generally exceeds 500 ° C. and exceeds the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (about 460 ° C. to 500 ° C. for isobutane and propane), and there is a problem in safety when the flammable refrigerant leaks.
[0012]
In addition, from the viewpoints of effective use of global resources and suppression of power consumption of electrical equipment, energy saving is further demanded for heating devices used in cold storages such as vending machines and showcases.
[0013]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can perform cooling and heating safely even if a heating device having a high heat dissipation effect and a combustible refrigerant as a refrigerant of a refrigeration cycle provided with the heating device are used. It is intended to provide a cold storage.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of a heating device according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and plate fins closely attached to the periphery of the heater tube. A heating device characterized by being arranged at intervals, wherein the outer surface area of the heater tube is increased, and the heat radiation effect is enhanced. At the time of forced convection, the plate fins are arranged at intervals so that the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased without causing ventilation resistance. Further, the surface temperature of the heater tube is reduced by the heat radiation effect and the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0015]
The invention of a heating device according to claim 2 is configured by a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and a plate fin having round holes arranged at intervals in the heater tube, A fin material around a round hole of a plate fin is in close contact with the heater tube, and the heater tube is in close contact with the fin material around the round hole. The heat transfer capability with the fins is enhanced, and the heat dissipation effect is further enhanced. Therefore, the surface temperature of the heater tube decreases, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself improve.
[0016]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to any one of the first and second aspects, the heater tube has a plurality of U-shaped portions each having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. It comprises a heater tube and a plurality of connecting members, and electrically connects the end of the U-shaped heater tube and the other end of the U-shaped heater tube with a connecting member such as an electric wire capable of a flexible shape. By conducting, the degree of freedom in design is increased, and the insertion direction and the number of heater tubes can be freely set, so that a heating device suitable for the installed machine room or the like can be provided.
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to any one of the first and second aspects, the heater tube is bent in a meandering shape in which a straight pipe portion and a curved pipe portion are continuous. The heating device is characterized in that the outer surface area of the heater tube is increased by the plate fins and the heat radiation effect is enhanced. At the time of forced convection, the plate fins are arranged at intervals so that the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased without causing ventilation resistance. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself are improved, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the heating apparatus according to any one of the second, third, and fourth aspects, the diameter of the round hole of the plate fin is equal to the diameter of the heater tube. The heater tube is characterized in that it is smaller than the outer diameter, and the heater tube and the plate fin can be inexpensively and easily adhered to each other by the step of inserting the heater tube into the plate fin. Further, the adhesion between the heater tube and the plate fins can be improved, the heat conduction ability between the heater tube and the plate fins can be increased, and the effect of radiating heat from the plate fins can also be improved. In addition, when using a highly heat-conductive material such as aluminum for the plate fins, it is possible to prevent the gap between the heater tube and the plate fins from being easily generated due to the change of thermal expansion due to the aging, and the safety for long-term use Nature can be secured.
[0019]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to any one of the second, third, fourth, and fifth aspects, a collar is provided in a round hole of the plate fin. With this feature, the adhesion between the heater tube and the plate fins can be improved, the heat conduction ability between the heater tube and the plate fins can be increased, and the heat radiation effect from the plate fins can be improved. In addition, when using a highly heat-conductive material such as aluminum for the plate fins, it is possible to prevent the gap between the heater tube and the plate fins from being easily generated due to the change of thermal expansion due to the aging, and the safety for long-term use Nature can be secured.
[0020]
The invention of a heating device according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherein the plate fin has a round hole. When the heater tube is inserted into the round hole of the plate fin, it is possible to prevent the crack around the hole or the collar due to the distortion when the heater tube is inserted into the round hole of the plate fin. The yield of the production of the heating device for inserting the plate fin is increased. Further, since the hole is widened starting from the cut and the adhesion to the heater tube is improved, the heat radiation effect is improved.
[0021]
The invention of a cold storage according to claim 8 is a storage chamber for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage chamber, and heating the storage chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 7. And a blower for forcibly circulating air in the storage chamber to the cooling device or the heating device to exchange heat with the heating device, and the outer surface area of the heater tube increases to release heat. The effect is enhanced, and the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased during forced convection. In addition, when the operation of the cold storage is abnormal, such as when the blower stops blowing and the heating device is energized, the surface temperature of the heating device does not excessively increase due to the heat radiation effect, The safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0022]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cold storage device according to the eighth aspect of the invention, wherein a flammable refrigerant is sealed as a refrigerant of the cooling device. When the ventilation stops, the heating device is energized, and the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device, natural convection heat is promoted by the fin effect, and the surface temperature of the heater tube becomes the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant. The ignition can be avoided because it is suppressed below.
[0023]
An invention of a method of manufacturing a heating device according to claim 10 is a step of forming a round hole in a plate surface of a plate fin, and forming a U-shaped heater tube comprising a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. Bending the plate fins, inserting the plate fins at an interval from each other, and inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole; and an end of the U-shaped heater tube and the other U-shaped heater tube. This is a method for manufacturing a heating device including a step of connecting ends of a heater tube by a connection member. By expanding a heat transfer surface of the heater tube, a heat radiation effect and a heating efficiency of an object to be heated are improved. Therefore, the surface temperature of the heater tube decreases, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself improve.
[0024]
The method of manufacturing a heating device according to claim 11, wherein a round hole is formed in a plate surface of the plate fin, and the plate fin is arranged at an interval from each other and a straight tubular heater tube is formed in the round hole. And a step of bending the straight tubular heater tube into a meandering shape in which a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion are continuous.The outer surface area of the heater tube is reduced by plate fins. The heat dissipation effect is increased. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself are improved, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[0025]
The invention of a manufacturing method of a heating device according to claim 12 is a step of forming a round hole in the plate surface of the plate fin, and forming a U-shaped heater tube comprising a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. And a step of inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole by arranging the plate fins at an interval from each other, and forming a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion in the U-shaped heater tube. This is a method of manufacturing a heating device comprising a step of bending in a meandering manner, wherein the plate fins increase the outer surface area of the heater tube and enhance the heat radiation effect. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself are improved, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. Further, since the bending process is performed from the U shape to the meandering shape, the number of meandering bending processes can be further reduced, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heating device according to the present invention and a cold / hot storage provided with the heating device will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a heating device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heating device of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view of the heating device of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another heating device of the embodiment.
[0028]
1, 2, 3, and 4, a fin-and-tube type cooler 13 is provided below a storage room 12 for storing articles of a vending machine 11, which is a cold and hot storage, and is a hydrocarbon-based propane. A cooling device comprising a refrigeration cycle in which a combustible refrigerant such as isobutane or the like is sealed, and a heating device 14 are provided, and a blower 15 for forced ventilation is disposed between the cooling device 13 and the heating device 14. A duct 16 is arranged on the back of the storage room 12, and the storage room 12, the cooler 13, and the heating device 14 are configured to communicate with each other via the duct 16.
[0029]
During cooling, the combustible refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle is evaporated by the cooler 13 to cool the surrounding air. At the time of heating, the heating device 14 is energized to heat the surrounding air, and the cooled and heated air is cooled. Is circulated in the storage room 12 while forcibly exchanging heat with the blower 15 to cool or heat the articles stored in the room, and return to the cooler 13 or the heating device 14 through the duct 16.
[0030]
On the other hand, the heating device 14 is formed by the following manufacturing process.
[0031]
First, a plurality of round holes 21a are formed in the plate surface of the plate fin 21. Next, a heater tube 17 formed of a straight tubular sheathed heater is bent into a U-shape having a straight tube portion 18 and a curved tube portion 19. Next, by inserting the heater tubes 17 into the round holes 21a of the group of plate fins 21 arranged at intervals from each other, the fin material around the round holes adheres over the entire circumference. At this time, by making the hole diameter of the round hole 21a smaller than the outer diameter of the heater tube 17, the plate fin 21 and the heater tube 17 are easily brought into close contact with each other only by inserting the same. The direction in which the heater tubes 17 are inserted into the plate fins 21 is not limited to the same direction, and the heater tubes 17 may be inserted in opposite directions so that the heater tubes 17 face each other. Next, the end of the heater tube 17 and the end of another heater tube 17 are connected by the connecting member 20 to form the heating device 14. Here, the plate fins 21 are preferably made of aluminum having high thermal conductivity. Further, the connection member 20 facilitates the connection work between the end of the heater tube 17 and the end of the other heater tube 17 and has a high degree of design freedom in the insertion direction and arrangement of the heater tube 17 into the plate fins 21. Therefore, it is preferable to use an electric wire or the like that can have a flexible shape. The straight pipe portion 18 of the heater pipe 17 and the plate fin 21 may be in close contact with each other by press-fitting or welding, or by using an adhesive material having heat resistance and heat conductivity.
[0032]
The operation of the cold storage configured as described above will be described.
[0033]
When cooling the articles stored in the storage chamber 12, the cooling operation of the cooling device is performed, and the cool air cooled by the cooler 13 by the blower 15 is circulated. The cool air circulated by the blower 15 cools the articles stored in the storage chamber 12, returns to the cooler 13 through the duct 16, and repeats the cooling.
[0034]
Next, when heating the articles stored in the storage chamber 12, the heating device is energized and the heater tube 17 generates heat. The heat radiation action is started. Then, a heating operation by forced ventilation is performed by the operation of the blower 15, and warm air heated by the heating device 14 is sent into the storage room 12 to heat the stored articles, and passes through the duct 16 again. Returning to the heating device 14, the heating is repeated.
[0035]
At this time, since the blowing direction of the blower 15 is arranged so as to face the front of the heating device 14 in which a number of plate fins 21 are arranged at intervals, the air discharged from the blower 15 is Since the air can be ventilated through the space between the air gaps, the ventilation resistance does not increase and an effective heat exchange action can be obtained. For this reason, it is also possible to design so that the surface temperature is reduced without changing the size of the heating device 14 and the safety and reliability of the heater tube itself and the peripheral portion are improved.
[0036]
On the other hand, if the blower 15 is stopped due to an electrical failure of the vending machine 11 while the heating device 14 is energized in the heating operation, the air supply to the heating device 14 is stopped. Alternatively, the heat radiation from the surface of the plate fins 21 to the air is deteriorated because only natural convection occurs, and the surface temperature of the heater tube 17 increases.
[0037]
At this time, even if the combustible refrigerant leaks from the cooling device including the cooler 13 and the surrounding atmosphere of the heating device 14 reaches the combustion range concentration of the combustible refrigerant, the heating device 14 Since a large number of the plate fins 21 are arranged, the heat radiation can be promoted by the ascending airflow along the plate fins even at the time of natural convection, and the surface temperature of the heater tube 17 can be reduced by the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (isobutane). , Propane and 460 ° C to 500 ° C) or less. For this reason, the heating device 14 does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, and safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which the equipment including the blower overlaps when the flammable refrigerant leaks. In the case where the plate fins 21 are also arranged in the curved tube portion 19 of the heater tube 17, a high heat radiation effect is obtained by increasing the outer surface area of the heater tube 17, and the surface temperature of the heating device 14 is reduced. Therefore, higher security can be ensured.
[0038]
In the actual design, the surface temperature of the heater tube 17 is suppressed to about 350 to 400 ° C., which is about 100 ° C. lower than the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant, so that the heater pipe 17 has a tolerance so as to be able to cope with variation factors and the like. It is desirable to determine the amount of heat generated at the time of heating, such as the input of the heater tube 17 of the heating device, the overall length, the location of the plate fins 21, the number, the length, the width, and the like.
[0039]
Although the above-described effects have been described in the case of an abnormal condition, the radiation effect is enhanced by the fin effect of the plate fins 21 even during the normal heating operation. Since the heated object can be heated to a desired temperature, the size of the blower 15 or the operation time can be reduced, and energy saving can be achieved.
[0040]
Also, as for the heating device 14 alone, since the heat radiation effect is enhanced by the fin effect of the plate fins 21 and the surface temperature of the heater tube 17 can be reduced, the heating device 14 can be used for various devices and devices that require a heating function. By applying this, safety and reliability can be improved.
[0041]
Further, when the heater tube 17 is inserted in the plate fin 21 in the opposite direction so that the heater tubes 17 face each other, the heater tube 17 can be in close contact with the plate fin 21 at a higher density. Can be planned. In addition, it is desirable to determine the insertion direction and the number of the heater tubes 17 so that the heating device 14 fits the machine room of the refrigerator to be installed.
[0042]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a heating device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[0043]
The heating device 22 is formed by the following manufacturing process.
[0044]
First, a round hole 26a is formed in the plate surface of the plate fin 26 at one place for each plate fin 26. Next, the straight tubular heater tubes 23 are inserted into and closely adhered to the round holes 26a of the group of plate fins 26 arranged at intervals. At this time, the hole diameter of the round hole 26a is made smaller than the outer diameter of the heater tube 23, and the plate fin 26 and the heater tube 23 come into close contact with each other by being inserted. Next, the heating device 22 is formed by bending the straight tubular heater tube 23 in close contact with the plate fins 26 into a meandering shape in which the straight tube portion 24 and the curved tube portion 25 are continuous.
[0045]
Therefore, since there is no need to connect the heater tube 23 in the middle, the connecting step can be omitted, and the production can be performed more rationally and economically.
[0046]
Also, in the event that the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device and the surrounding atmosphere of the heating device 22 reaches the combustion range concentration of the flammable refrigerant, the heating device 22 may have a large number of plates arranged in the vertical direction. Since the fins 26 are provided, heat radiation can be promoted by the ascending airflow along the plate fins 26 even during natural convection, and the surface temperature of the heater tube 23 is reduced to the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (about 460 for isobutane and propane). C. to 500 C.) or less. In addition, since there is no electrical connection between the heater tubes 23, insulation failure of the connection does not occur. Therefore, the heating device 22 does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, so that safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which equipment including the blower is superimposed upon leakage of the flammable refrigerant.
[0047]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heating device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
[0048]
The heating device 28 is formed by the following manufacturing process.
[0049]
First, two round holes 32a are formed in the plate surface of the plate fin 32 for each plate fin 32. Next, the straight tubular heater tube 29 is bent into a U shape having a straight tube portion 30 and a curved tube portion 31. Next, the heater tubes 29 are inserted into and closely attached to the round holes 32a of the group of plate fins 32 arranged at an interval from each other. At this time, the hole diameter of the round hole 32a is made smaller than the outer diameter of the heater tube 29, and the plate fin 32 and the heater tube 29 come into close contact with each other by being inserted. Next, the U-shaped heater tube 29 in close contact with the plate fin 32 is bent into a meandering shape in which the straight tube portion 30 and the curved tube portion 31 are continuous to form the heating device 28.
[0050]
Therefore, since there is no need to connect the heater tube 29 in the middle, the connecting step can be omitted. In addition, since the U-shaped heater tube 29 is bent in a meandering manner, the number of times of meandering bending can be reduced, so that it is possible to manufacture the heater more rationally and economically.
[0051]
Also, in the event that the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device and the surrounding atmosphere of the heating device 28 reaches the combustion range concentration of the flammable refrigerant, the heating device 28 may have a large number of plates arranged in the vertical direction. Since the fins 32 are provided, heat radiation can be promoted by the ascending airflow along the plate fins 32 even during natural convection, and the surface temperature of the heater tube 29 is reduced to the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (about 460 for isobutane and propane). C. to 500 C.) or less. In addition, since there is no electrical connection between the heater tubes 29, insulation failure of the connection does not occur. Therefore, the heating device 28 does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, and safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which equipment including the blower overlaps when the flammable refrigerant leaks.
[0052]
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a heater insertion portion of a heating device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
[0053]
In FIG. 7, the plate fin 41 has a round hole 41a on the plate surface, and a collar 42 is provided in the round hole 41a. The heater tube 40 is inserted into a group of plate fins 41 arranged at an interval from each other, and is in close contact with the inner surface of the collar 42. At this time, the inner diameter of the collar 42 is made smaller than the outer diameter of the heater tube 40, so that the plate fin 41 and the heater tube 40 are in close contact with each other only by inserting the collar 42.
[0054]
With the above-described configuration, the adhesion between the plate fin 41 and the heater tube 40 can be improved, the heat conduction capability between the heater tube and the plate fin can be increased, and the heat radiation effect from the plate fin can be further improved. .
[0055]
Also, in the event that the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device and the surrounding atmosphere of the heating device reaches the flammable refrigerant concentration in the flammable range, the plate fins 41 can promote heat radiation, and the heater tube 40 Can be reduced to below the ignition temperature of the flammable refrigerant (about 460 to 500 ° C. for isobutane and propane). For this reason, the heating device does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, and safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which equipment including the blower is superimposed upon leakage of the flammable refrigerant.
[0056]
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a round hole of a heating device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a heater insertion portion of the heating device according to the embodiment.
[0057]
8 and 9, at least four or more cuts 46b are evenly arranged in the round hole 46a provided in the plate fin 46. The heater tube 45 is inserted into a group of plate fins 46 spaced from each other.
[0058]
With the above-described configuration, when the heater tube 45 is inserted into the round hole of the plate fin 46, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a crack due to distortion around the hole at the notch 46b. The production yield of the inserted heating device is increased. Further, since the hole is widened from the cut 46b as a starting point and the adhesion to the heater tube is improved, the heat radiation effect is improved.
[0059]
Also, in the event that the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device and the atmosphere around the heating device reaches the flammable refrigerant concentration in the combustion range, the plate fins 46 can promote heat radiation, and the heater tube 45 Can be reduced to a temperature lower than the ignition temperature of the combustible refrigerant (about 460 ° C. to 500 ° C. for isobutane and propane). For this reason, the heating device does not become an ignition source and the refrigerant does not ignite, and safety can be ensured even in the event of an abnormality in which equipment including the blower is superimposed upon leakage of the flammable refrigerant.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention of the heating device according to claim 1 includes a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and a plate fin which is in close contact with the periphery of the heater tube. Are spaced apart from each other, the plate fins increase the outer surface area of the heater tube and enhance the heat radiation effect. For this reason, the surface temperature of the heater tube can be lowered to enhance the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself.
[0061]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating device comprising a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and a plate fin having round holes arranged at intervals in the heater tube. Since the heater tube is in close contact with the round hole of the plate fin and the heater tube, the heat tube is in close contact with the fin material around the round hole, so that the heat transfer capability between the heater tube and the plate fin is increased, Since the adhesion to the tube is improved, the heat radiation effect is further enhanced. For this reason, the surface temperature of the heater tube can be lowered to enhance the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself.
[0062]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to any one of the first and second aspects, the heater pipe has a plurality of U-shaped pipes each having a straight pipe section and a curved pipe section. A design comprising a U-shaped heater tube and a plurality of connecting members, wherein an end of the U-shaped heater tube and an end of the other U-shaped heater tube are connected to each other by a connecting member so as to be electrically connected to each other. Since the degree of freedom is increased, the insertion direction and the number of heater tubes can be freely set, and a heating device suitable for the installed machine room or the like can be provided.
[0063]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device according to the first or second aspect, the heater tube is bent in a meandering shape in which a straight pipe portion and a curved pipe portion are continuous. A heating device characterized in that the outer surface area of the heater tube is increased and the heat radiation effect is enhanced. At the time of forced convection, the plate fins are arranged at intervals so that the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased without causing ventilation resistance. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself can be improved. Further, the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced because the connection step can be eliminated.
[0064]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the heating apparatus according to any one of the second, third, and fourth aspects, the diameter of the round hole of the plate fin is equal to the diameter of the heater tube. It is characterized in that the heater tube and the plate fin can be inexpensively and easily brought into close contact with each other in the step of inserting the heater tube into the plate fin. In addition, the adhesion between the heater tube and the plate fins can be improved, the heat conduction capability between the heater tube and the plate fins can be increased, and the effect of radiating heat from the plate fins can be improved. In addition, when using a highly heat-conductive material such as aluminum for the plate fins, it is possible to prevent the gap between the heater tube and the plate fins from being easily generated due to the change of thermal expansion due to the aging, and the safety for long-term use Nature can be secured.
[0065]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the heating device according to any one of the second, third, fourth, and fifth aspects, wherein a collar is provided in the round hole of the plate fin. With this feature, the adhesion between the heater tube and the plate fins can be improved, the heat conduction between the heater tube and the plate fins can be increased, and the heat radiation effect from the plate fins can be improved. it can. In addition, when using a highly heat-conductive material such as aluminum for the plate fins, it is possible to prevent the gap between the heater tube and the plate fins from being easily generated due to the change of thermal expansion due to the aging, and the safety for long-term use Nature can be secured.
[0066]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the heating device according to any one of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth aspects. When the heater tube is inserted into the round hole of the plate fin, it is possible to prevent the crack around the hole or the collar due to the distortion when the heater tube is inserted into the round hole of the plate fin. The yield of heating equipment production to insert tube plate fins is increased. Further, since the hole is widened starting from the cut and the adhesion to the heater tube is improved, the heat radiation effect is improved.
[0067]
Also, the invention of the cold storage according to claim 8 is a storage room for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage room, and heating the storage room. And a blower for forcibly circulating the air in the storage chamber to the cooler of the cooling device or the heating device to exchange heat, and the outer surface area of the heater tube is increased. As a result, the heat radiation effect is enhanced, and the heating efficiency of the object to be heated is increased during forced convection. In addition, when the operation of the cold storage is abnormal, such as when the blower stops blowing and the heating device is energized, the surface temperature of the heating device does not excessively increase due to the heat radiation effect, The safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself are improved.
[0068]
The invention of the cold storage according to claim 9 is the invention of the cold storage according to claim 8, wherein a flammable refrigerant is sealed as a refrigerant of the cooling device. Even when the blower stops blowing, the heating device is energized, and the flammable refrigerant leaks from the cooling device, natural convection radiation is promoted by the fin effect, and the surface temperature of the heater tube becomes lower than that of the flammable refrigerant. Since the ignition temperature is suppressed below the ignition temperature, ignition can be avoided and safety can be ensured.
[0069]
In a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a heating device, wherein a round hole is formed in a plate surface of a plate fin, and a U-shaped heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. Bending the heater tube, inserting the plate fins at an interval from each other and inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole, and forming an end of the U-shaped heater tube and the other U-shaped heater tube. This is a method of manufacturing a heating device comprising a step of connecting the ends of a U-shaped heater tube by a connecting member. By expanding a heat transfer surface of the heater tube, a heat radiation effect and a heating efficiency of a heated object are improved. Can be Therefore, the surface temperature of the heater tube can be reduced, and the safety and reliability of the heater peripheral portion and the heater itself can be improved.
[0070]
Further, the invention of a method of manufacturing a heating device according to claim 11 is a step of processing a round hole in the plate surface of the plate fin, and disposing the plate fin at an interval from each other and forming a straight tube in the round hole. A method of manufacturing a heating device, comprising: inserting a heater tube; and bending the straight tubular heater tube into a meandering shape in which a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion are continuous. The surface area is increased and the heat radiation effect is enhanced. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself are improved, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[0071]
Further, according to a twelfth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a heating device, comprising: forming a round hole in a plate surface of a plate fin; and forming a U-shaped heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. Bending the heater tube, inserting the plate fins at an interval from each other and inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole, and forming the U-shaped heater tube into a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion. Is a method of manufacturing a heating device comprising a step of bending in a continuous meandering shape, wherein the plate fins increase the outer surface area of the heater tube and enhance the heat radiation effect. Further, since there is no connection portion, the occurrence of insulation failure or the like at the connection portion is eliminated, so that the safety and reliability of the heater itself are improved, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. Further, since the bending process is performed from the U-shape to the meandering shape, the number of meandering bending processes can be reduced, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a heating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the heating device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another heating device of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a heating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a heater insertion portion of a heating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a round hole of the heating device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a heater insertion portion of the heating device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a cold storage provided with a conventional heating device.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional heating device.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Vending machines (cold storage)
12 storage rooms
13 cooler (cooling device)
14,22,28 Heating device
15 Blower
17,23,29,40,45 heater tube
18, 24, 30 Straight pipe section
19, 25, 31 Curved pipe
20 connecting members
21, 26, 32, 41, 46 Plate fin
21a, 26a, 32a, 41a, 46a Round hole
42 colors
46b notch

Claims

A heating device, comprising: a heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion; and plate fins closely attached to the periphery of the heater tube, wherein the plate fins are arranged at intervals.

A heater tube having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and a plate fin having round holes arranged at intervals in the heater tube, the round holes of the plate fin being in close contact with the heater tube. A heating device.

The heater tube includes a plurality of U-shaped heater tubes having a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion and a plurality of connecting members, and includes an end portion of the U-shaped heater tube and an end portion of another U-shaped heater tube. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is electrically connected by being connected by a connection member.

The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heater tube is bent in a meandering shape in which a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion are continuous.

5. The heating device according to claim 2, wherein a hole diameter of the round hole of the plate fin is smaller than a tube outer diameter of the heater tube. 6.

The heating device according to any one of Claims 2, 3, 4, and 5, wherein a collar is provided in the round hole of the plate fin.

The heating device according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherein a notch is provided in the round hole of the plate fin.

A storage room for storing articles, a cooling device for cooling the storage room, and a heating device for heating the storage room according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and air in the storage room. And a blower for forcibly circulating heat through the cooler of the cooling device or the heating device to exchange heat.

A cold storage having the heating device according to claim 8, wherein a flammable refrigerant is sealed as a refrigerant of the cooling device.

A step of forming a round hole in the plate surface of the plate fin, a step of bending a straight tubular heater tube into a U-shaped heater tube composed of a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and spacing the plate fins from each other. Arranging and inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole; and heating the end portion of the U-shaped heater tube and the end portion of the other U-shaped heater tube by a connecting member. Device manufacturing method.

Processing a round hole in the plate surface of the plate fin, arranging the plate fins at an interval from each other and inserting a straight tubular heater tube into the round hole, and inserting the straight tubular heater tube into a straight tube portion. A method for manufacturing a heating device, comprising a step of bending a bent pipe portion into a continuous meandering shape.

A step of forming a round hole in the plate surface of the plate fin, a step of bending a straight tubular heater tube into a U-shaped heater tube composed of a straight tube portion and a curved tube portion, and spacing the plate fins from each other. A method of manufacturing a heating device, comprising the steps of: disposing and inserting the U-shaped heater tube into the round hole; .