JP2004218937A - Low temperature heat exchanger - Google Patents

Low temperature heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004218937A
JP2004218937A JP2003006894A JP2003006894A JP2004218937A JP 2004218937 A JP2004218937 A JP 2004218937A JP 2003006894 A JP2003006894 A JP 2003006894A JP 2003006894 A JP2003006894 A JP 2003006894A JP 2004218937 A JP2004218937 A JP 2004218937A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
temperature
dry ice
alcohol
cooling
box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2003006894A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tadao Nagi
忠男 奈木
Masayoshi Komiya
政好 小宮
Hidenori Murooka
英徳 室岡
Fumio Omura
文雄 大村
Yoshimitsu Onoue
芳充 尾上
Tetsuo Yokoyama
哲夫 横山
Tomiyo Sando
富代 山洞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NITTO HATSUJO KK
YOKOHAMA KINZOKU KOGEI KK
Original Assignee
NITTO HATSUJO KK
YOKOHAMA KINZOKU KOGEI KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NITTO HATSUJO KK, YOKOHAMA KINZOKU KOGEI KK filed Critical NITTO HATSUJO KK
Priority to JP2003006894A priority Critical patent/JP2004218937A/en
Publication of JP2004218937A publication Critical patent/JP2004218937A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily manufacture a relatively low temperature environment at low cost by using dry ice as refrigerant. <P>SOLUTION: This low temperature heat exchanger comprises a box 1 formed of an insulating material, the dry ice 2 placed in the box formed of the insulating box, a cold receiving plate 3 receiving the cold from the dry ice, a small antifreezing solution box 4 installed close to the lower part of the cold receiving plate, a first pipe system having a first pump 7 for circulating antifreezing solution cooled by a radiator 6 in a separate water tank 5, a temperature detector 8 detecting the temperature of the cooled water, a temperature controller 9 controlling the temperature of the cooled water by controlling the first pump according to the output of the temperature detector, and a second pipe system having a second pump 12 circulating the cooled water to a cooling pad 11 for cooling a heated affected part through a flexible tube 10. Thus, the low temperature of the dry ice and alcohol as a low temperature heat conductive medium can be effectively utilized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ドライアイスを冷媒として不凍液、特にアルコールを介して簡便に低温且つ恒温を実現できる低温熱交換器に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
医療現場では、外科手術・外傷や化膿や打撲による患部の発熱を伴う激痛を和らげるための治療法として、氷嚢などによる冷却療法が行われている。
氷嚢は、温度調節が困難で且つ寝返りできない不便さと、氷が溶けて冷却効果が無くなる時間制限がある。
ペルティエ効果を利用した電子冷却器で冷水を作り、その冷水をチューブを介して患部に貼った冷却パッドに送り、患部を冷やす冷却療法器具が市販されている。
しかし、その装置は、消費電力が大きく且つ高価なもので、普及していない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
小型・軽量・低消費電力で長時間冷却できる開業医も手軽に使える安価な冷却装置を提供する。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明では冷却方法として、ペルティエ効果を利用した電子冷却器の代わりに、安価な冷媒としてドライアイスを使用する。ドライアイスは、−78℃の低温で気化熱が極めて大きい冷媒である。ドライアイスの冷たさを一旦不凍液、特にアルコールで受け止め、約−50℃の液体アルコールとする。このアルコールを小型ポンプで小型水槽の放熱器に循環させ、水槽内の水を冷却して冷水を作る。小型水槽に温度制御器を入れ、温度が下がりすぎたらアルコール循環ポンプを止めて、小型水槽の温度制御をする。このようにして、5℃から15℃の所望の冷水を得る。
アルコールの融点は−114℃であり、ドライアイスの昇華温度−78.5℃に接触していても凍らない。アルコールは、冷気伝達媒体として安価で安全な物質である。一般に安価に入手できる不凍液が使用できる。本書で不凍液とはドライアイスで冷却したときに液体にとどまる液のことを指す。
ドライアイスの気化熱は、137cal/gと極めて大きい。その気化熱が直接患部に送られたとすると、例えば137cmの患部の温度を10℃下げるに必要なドライアイスの量は、患部の比熱を1.0としてもわずか10gである。
逆に患部の温度が10分間で10℃発熱するとすれば、その熱を吸収するためのドライアイスの量は10gであり、1kgのドライアイスで、1000分(16.7時間)間継続して同じ条件の発熱を吸収することができる。
ドライアイスの固体を熱伝導の良い銅板で受け、その銅板を天井板とした銅製のアルコール小箱を作り中に入れたアルコールをアルコール小箱の熱伝導で冷やす。更に銅板の天井板から銅製の放冷フィン十数枚を、アルコール小箱のアルコールに浸し熱交換率を高めた。ポンプは、低温で作動可能な数Wの小型ポンプである。
このようにして、小型・軽量低消費電力で長時間使用可能な冷却装置を提供する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、本発明の概念図である。発泡スチロールの断熱材の箱1の中に入れたドライアイス2は、銅製の受冷板3の上に置かれ、ドライアイス2の冷気を受けて冷やされる。受冷板3の下部に密着して取りつけられたアルコール小箱4には、アルコールの注入口4−1とアルコールの排出口4−2がある。
【0006】
受冷板3を介して冷却されたアルコールは、排出口4−2から水槽5の中の放熱器6に送られ水槽5の水を冷却する。放熱して暖められたアルコールは、第1のポンプ7によってアルコール小箱4の注入口4−1を介してアルコール小箱4に戻り、再び受冷板3により冷やされる。
水槽5の温度を検出する温度検出器8により、水温が監視され、温度制御器9の設定温度と比較される。設定温度以下になると温度制御器9により第1のポンプ7が作動を停止し、水槽5の冷却を止める。
【0007】
水槽5の温度が設定温度から上昇すると、温度制御器9により第1のポンプ7が再び作動を開始する。このようにして、水槽5の温度は一定に保たれる。
水槽5の冷水は、フレキシブルチューブ10を介して、発熱している患部を冷やす冷却パッド11へ第2のポンプ12により送られ、暖められた冷水が再び水槽5に戻される。水槽5の温度が設定温度より上昇すると、温度制御器9により第1のポンプ7が作動する。
このようにして、ドライアイス2の冷気が必要量患部に伝達され、患部をいやす。
【0008】
図1に図示していないが、フレキシブルチューブ10及び冷却パッド11を除いて、全体が断熱箱に入れられる。また、アルコール小箱4及びアルコール系統の配管は断熱材で保温されている。
【0009】
図2に、配管系統図を示す。アルコール注入コック13及びエアー抜きコック14によりアルコール小箱4及びアルコール系統の配管にアルコールを充填することができる。
【0010】
図3は、他の実施形態を示す斜視分解図である。複数枚のL字型の放冷板15が受冷板3に密着して取りつけられていて、ドライアイス2で冷やされた受冷板3の寒冷を放冷板15を介してアルコール小箱4の中のアルコールに放出する。アルコール小箱4及びアルコール系統の配管にアルコールを充満させても、アルコールの温度が下がると熱収縮によりアルコールの体積が減る。そのため、受冷板3とアルコール小箱4の中のアルコールの液面との間に空隙ができ、アルコール小箱4の構成銅板からの熱伝導のみの冷却となるので冷気変換効率が悪い。アルコールの液中に複数枚の放冷板15を入れると、冷却効果が著しくあがり冷気変換効率が良くなる。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、安価なドライアイスという冷媒を使用し、アルコールを媒体として極めて容易に所望の冷水を得ることを提供した。ちなみに氷を冷媒としたとき、0℃の氷の融解熱は6.01ca1/gでありドライアイスのそれは137cal/gで約22倍の融解熱を発生する。また、ドライアイスの比重は氷の1.56倍あり収納スペースを取らない。且つ気化するので氷が溶けて水の処理をする必要がある。氷に比して面倒がない。
また、ドライアイスは−78℃の低温であるので、ドライアイスを使った本低温熱交換器は5℃から15℃の冷水を提供することのほか、−20℃での臓器の保存、卵子・精子の保存、遺伝子組み替えタンパク質の保存、更には30℃の生ビールを低温のアルコール槽を介して8℃の生ビールにするなど、民生機器に適応範囲は広い。
以上、説明例では銅の熱伝導性の良いことを例に挙げたが、アルミニウム材の使用可能なことは言うまでもない。
また、水槽を例に挙げたが、水槽の代わりに水以外の液体例えばアルコールやその他の液体やゲルやゾルなど有機・無機の液体やペーストを使用できることも言うまでもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の概念図である。
【図2】本発明の配管系統図である。
【図3】本発明のアルコール小箱の斜視分解図である。
【符号の説明】
1 箱
2 ドライアイス
3 受冷板
4 アルコール小箱
4−1 注入口
4−2 排出口
5 水槽
6 放熱器
7 第1のポンプ
8 温度検出器
9 温度制御器
10 フレキシブルチューブ
11 冷却パッド
12 第2のポンプ
13 アルコール注入コック
14 エアー抜きコック
15 放冷板
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a low-temperature heat exchanger that can easily achieve low temperature and constant temperature via antifreeze, particularly alcohol, using dry ice as a refrigerant.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In medical practice, cooling therapy using an ice sac or the like is performed as a treatment for relieving severe pain accompanied by fever in the affected area due to surgery, trauma, suppuration, or bruising.
The ice sac is inconvenient in that it is difficult to control the temperature and cannot be turned over, and there is a time limit during which the ice melts and the cooling effect is lost.
There is a cooling therapy device on the market where cold water is produced using an electronic cooler utilizing the Peltier effect, and the cold water is sent to a cooling pad attached to the affected part via a tube to cool the affected part.
However, such devices have high power consumption and are expensive, and have not been widely used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Provide a low-cost cooling device that can be easily used by practitioners who can cool for a long time with small size, light weight and low power consumption.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, as a cooling method, dry ice is used as an inexpensive refrigerant instead of the electronic cooler utilizing the Peltier effect. Dry ice is a refrigerant having a very large heat of vaporization at a low temperature of -78 ° C. The coldness of the dry ice is once received with an antifreeze, especially alcohol, to obtain liquid alcohol at about -50 ° C. The alcohol is circulated to the radiator of the small water tank by a small pump, and the water in the water tank is cooled to produce cold water. Put the temperature controller in the small water tank, stop the alcohol circulation pump if the temperature is too low, and control the temperature of the small water tank. In this way, the desired cold water of 5 ° C. to 15 ° C. is obtained.
Alcohol has a melting point of -114 ° C and does not freeze even when in contact with the sublimation temperature of dry ice of -78.5 ° C. Alcohol is a cheap and safe substance as a cold air transmission medium. Generally, inexpensive antifreeze can be used. In this document, antifreeze refers to liquid that stays liquid when cooled with dry ice.
The heat of vaporization of dry ice is extremely large at 137 cal / g. Assuming that the heat of vaporization is directly sent to the affected part, the amount of dry ice required to lower the temperature of the affected part by, for example, 137 cm 3 by 10 ° C. is only 10 g even if the specific heat of the affected part is 1.0.
Conversely, if the temperature of the affected area is 10 ° C. in 10 minutes, the amount of dry ice to absorb the heat is 10 g, and 1 kg of dry ice is used for 1000 minutes (16.7 hours). Heat generated under the same conditions can be absorbed.
The solid of dry ice is received by a copper plate with good thermal conductivity, and the alcohol contained in the copper alcohol small box with the copper plate as a ceiling plate is cooled by the heat conduction of the alcohol small box. Further, ten or more copper cooling fins were immersed in alcohol in a small alcohol box from the copper plate ceiling plate to increase the heat exchange rate. The pump is a small pump of several W which can operate at low temperature.
In this manner, a cooling device that is small, lightweight, and has low power consumption and is usable for a long time is provided.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention. The dry ice 2 put in the box 1 made of a styrofoam heat insulating material is placed on a copper cold receiving plate 3 and cooled by the cool air of the dry ice 2. The alcohol small box 4 closely attached to the lower portion of the cooling plate 3 has an alcohol inlet 4-1 and an alcohol outlet 4-2.
[0006]
The alcohol cooled via the cooling plate 3 is sent from the outlet 4-2 to the radiator 6 in the water tank 5 to cool the water in the water tank 5. The alcohol heated by the heat release returns to the alcohol small box 4 via the inlet 4-1 of the alcohol small box 4 by the first pump 7, and is cooled again by the cooling plate 3.
The water temperature is monitored by a temperature detector 8 that detects the temperature of the water tank 5, and is compared with a set temperature of a temperature controller 9. When the temperature falls below the set temperature, the operation of the first pump 7 is stopped by the temperature controller 9 and the cooling of the water tank 5 is stopped.
[0007]
When the temperature of the water tank 5 rises from the set temperature, the first pump 7 starts operating again by the temperature controller 9. In this way, the temperature of the water tank 5 is kept constant.
The cold water in the water tank 5 is sent via the flexible tube 10 to the cooling pad 11 for cooling the affected part that is generating heat by the second pump 12, and the warmed cold water is returned to the water tank 5 again. When the temperature of the water tank 5 rises above the set temperature, the first pump 7 is operated by the temperature controller 9.
In this manner, a necessary amount of the cold air of the dry ice 2 is transmitted to the affected part, and the affected part is healed.
[0008]
Although not shown in FIG. 1, except for the flexible tube 10 and the cooling pad 11, the whole is put in an insulating box. The alcohol small box 4 and the piping of the alcohol system are kept warm by a heat insulating material.
[0009]
FIG. 2 shows a piping system diagram. The alcohol injection box 13 and the air release cock 14 can fill the alcohol small box 4 and the piping of the alcohol system with alcohol.
[0010]
FIG. 3 is a perspective exploded view showing another embodiment. A plurality of L-shaped cooling plates 15 are attached to the cooling plate 3 in close contact with each other, and the cooling of the cooling plate 3 cooled by the dry ice 2 is performed via the cooling plate 15 in the alcohol small box 4. Release into alcohol in Even when the alcohol small box 4 and the piping of the alcohol system are filled with alcohol, when the temperature of the alcohol decreases, the volume of the alcohol decreases due to heat shrinkage. For this reason, a gap is formed between the cooling plate 3 and the liquid level of the alcohol in the alcohol small box 4, and only the heat conduction from the copper plate constituting the alcohol small box 4 is cooled, resulting in poor cooling air conversion efficiency. When a plurality of cooling plates 15 are put in the alcohol solution, the cooling effect is significantly increased and the cooling air conversion efficiency is improved.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it has been provided that a desired cold water can be obtained extremely easily by using an inexpensive refrigerant called dry ice and using alcohol as a medium. Incidentally, when ice is used as a refrigerant, the heat of fusion of ice at 0 ° C. is 6.01 cal / g, and that of dry ice is about 137 cal / g, which generates about 22 times the heat of fusion. In addition, the specific gravity of dry ice is 1.56 times that of ice and does not take up storage space. In addition, since it evaporates, the ice melts and it is necessary to treat water. There is no hassle compared to ice.
In addition, since dry ice has a low temperature of -78 ° C, the present low-temperature heat exchanger using dry ice provides cold water of 5 ° C to 15 ° C, as well as storing organs at -20 ° C, It has a wide range of applications to consumer equipment, such as storing sperm, storing genetically modified proteins, and converting draft beer at 30 ° C to draft beer at 8 ° C through a low-temperature alcohol bath.
As described above, the example in which copper has good thermal conductivity has been described as an example, but it goes without saying that aluminum material can be used.
In addition, although a water tank has been described as an example, it goes without saying that a liquid other than water, for example, an alcohol or other liquid, or an organic or inorganic liquid or paste such as gel or sol can be used instead of the water tank.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a piping diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the alcohol small box of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 box 2 dry ice 3 cold receiving plate 4 alcohol small box 4-1 inlet 4-2 outlet 5 water tank 6 radiator 7 first pump 8 temperature detector 9 temperature controller 10 flexible tube 11 cooling pad 12 second Pump 13 Alcohol injection cock 14 Air release cock 15 Cooling plate

Claims (3)

断熱材の箱と、断熱材の箱の中に入れたドライアイスと、ドライアイスの寒冷を受ける受冷板と、受冷板の下部に密着して取りつけられた不凍液小箱と、別に設けた水槽の中の放熱器に冷却された不凍液を循環させる第1のポンプを有する第1の配管系と、冷却された水の温度を検出する温度検出器と、温度検出器の出力に応じて前記第1のポンプを制御して冷却された水の温度を制御する温度制御器と、冷却された水をフレキシブルチューブを介して発熱している患部を冷やす冷却パッドヘ循環させる第2のポンプを有する第2の配管系とを有する低温熱交換器。Insulation box, dry ice in the insulation box, cooling plate to receive the cold of dry ice, and antifreeze small box attached closely to the bottom of the cooling plate A first piping system having a first pump for circulating the cooled antifreeze into a radiator in the water tank, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the cooled water, and A second controller having a temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the cooled water by controlling the first pump and a second pump for circulating the cooled water through a flexible tube to a cooling pad for cooling the affected part that is generating heat; A low-temperature heat exchanger having two piping systems. 受冷板の下部に密着して取りつけられた複数枚の放冷板を、不凍液小箱に入れ、冷却効果を高めた低温熱交換器。A low-temperature heat exchanger with multiple cooling plates attached closely to the lower part of the cooling plate and placed in a small antifreeze box to enhance the cooling effect. 不凍液はアルコールである請求項1又は2の低音熱交換器。The low heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antifreeze is alcohol.
JP2003006894A 2003-01-15 2003-01-15 Low temperature heat exchanger Withdrawn JP2004218937A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2423570A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-30 Bel Art Prod Inc Overpressure gas release from carbon dioxide block making machine
CN103884531A (en) * 2014-04-11 2014-06-25 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Cooling test method for realizing low-temperature environment and refrigerating device used in cooling test method
KR20200113942A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-07 한국항공대학교산학협력단 Portable quick cooling heat exchanger using dry-ice bath
CN114293343A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-04-08 北京绮彤子姗技术开发有限公司 Waterless washing machine suitable for extremely cold environment

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2423570A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-30 Bel Art Prod Inc Overpressure gas release from carbon dioxide block making machine
US7386995B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2008-06-17 Bel-Art Products, Inc. Device for producing dry ice and pressure relief thereof
CN103884531A (en) * 2014-04-11 2014-06-25 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Cooling test method for realizing low-temperature environment and refrigerating device used in cooling test method
KR20200113942A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-07 한국항공대학교산학협력단 Portable quick cooling heat exchanger using dry-ice bath
KR102169937B1 (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-26 한국항공대학교산학협력단 Portable quick cooling heat exchanger using dry-ice bath
CN114293343A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-04-08 北京绮彤子姗技术开发有限公司 Waterless washing machine suitable for extremely cold environment

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