JP2004217529A - Method for treating phenol tar - Google Patents

Method for treating phenol tar Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004217529A
JP2004217529A JP2003003267A JP2003003267A JP2004217529A JP 2004217529 A JP2004217529 A JP 2004217529A JP 2003003267 A JP2003003267 A JP 2003003267A JP 2003003267 A JP2003003267 A JP 2003003267A JP 2004217529 A JP2004217529 A JP 2004217529A
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Prior art keywords
phenol
cumene
phase
tar
distillation
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JP4337347B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshihide Kimura
吉秀 木村
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing salt contained in phenol tar. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing phenol by the cumene method, comprising a neutralization process for neutralizing the acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide with an alkali, a phase separation process for separating the neutralized reaction solution into an oil phase and a water phase, a distillation process for distilling the obtained oil phase to distil out acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol, and a thermal decomposition process for thermally decomposing the phenol tar as the distillation residue of the distillation process to produce and recover the cumene, the α-methylstyrene and the phenol, is characterized by washing the phenol tar with an aqueous solution containing the water phase separated in the phase separation process to reduce the contained salt, and then supplying the washed phenol tar to the thermal decomposition process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、キュメン法によりフェノールを製造する際に生成するフェノールタールから、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを取得する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
キュメン法では、キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液を蒸留して、酸分解により生成したアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させて回収している。蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールは熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させ、蒸留してこれらを留出させて回収し、留出しなかった蒸留残渣は焼却処分している。
【0003】
ところで、酸分解反応液には酸が含まれているので、蒸留に供する前にアルカリ水溶液で中和処理した後、油相と水相とに分離し、油相を蒸留に供している。しかし、油相には少量の塩が残存するので、蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールには、この残存した塩が濃縮されている。フェノールタール中に多量の塩が含まれていると、熱分解工程での熱交換器の閉塞、焼却用バーナーの腐食及びスケール沈積等を引き起こすので、熱分解に供する前にフェノールタールから塩を除去することが行われている。
【0004】
フェノールタール中の塩濃度を低下させる方法としては、タールを向流押出機で水のみによって洗浄する方法(特許文献1参照)、タールを希薄な水性オルト燐酸と混合した後、水性相を除去する方法(特許文献2参照)等が提案されている。
しかしながら、特許文献1に記載されている方法には、タールの粘性が高いため洗浄が十分に行われない、水中にフェノール等の有用成分が溶け出すなどの問題がある。また、特許文献2に記載された方法には、燐酸を使用するためコストがかかる、装置が腐食するなどの問題がある。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−301803号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平11−279562号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、フェノールタールに含まれる塩を除去する改良された方法を提供することを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題に鑑み、鋭意研究したところ、フェノールタールを相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で洗浄することにより、フェノールタール中の塩を効率よく除去できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は、キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液をアルカリで中和する中和工程、中和された反応液を油相と水相とに分離する相分離工程、相分離工程で得られた油相を蒸留してアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させる蒸留工程、並びに蒸留工程の蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールを熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させて回収する熱分解工程の各工程を有するキュメン法フェノールの製造方法において、フェノールタールを相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で洗浄して含有されている塩分を低減させた後、熱分解工程に供給することを特徴とする方法にある。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で酸分解反応に供するキュメンハイドロパーオキシドは、公知のいずれの方法で製造されたものであってもよい。通常は、キュメンを酸化した後、公知の方法で65〜95重量%に濃縮したキュメンハイドロパーオキシド濃縮物を、硫酸等の鉱酸を用いて酸分解する。
【0009】
アセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノール等の有用成分を含む酸分解反応液は、アルカリ水溶液と混合して含まれている酸を中和する。アルカリ水溶液としては、通常は水酸化ナトリウム水溶液が用いられる。また、後述する蒸留工程で得られるアセトン、キュメン及びα−メチルスチレンはフェノールを含んでいることがあり、通常はアルカリ水溶液で洗浄することによりフェノールを除去している。中和には、この洗浄で得られるフェノールを含むアルカリ水溶液を用いることもできる。
【0010】
次いで、中和液を油相と水相とに分離し、油相を蒸留塔に供給して有用成分を取得する。蒸留は、通常、複数の蒸留塔を用い、アセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを順次留出させることにより行う。フェノールを留出させた蒸留塔の塔底からは、アセトフェノン、フェノール、α―メチルスチレンダイマー、クミルフェノール及びその他の高沸点成分、並びにナトリウムフェノキシド等の有機塩及び硫酸ナトリウム等の無機塩を含むフェノールタールを回収する。通常、フェノールタール中の塩の含有量は、0.01〜2重量%である。
【0011】
本発明では、フェノールタールを相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で洗浄することにより、フェノールタール中の塩を除去する。
洗浄には、相分離工程で分離された水相のみを用いても、水相を水で希釈した洗浄水を用いてもよい。通常、塩濃度が3〜30重量%の洗浄水を用いる。無機塩濃度の下限は、5重量%、特に10重量%が好ましい。無機塩濃度の上限は、28重量%、特に25重量%が好ましい。無機塩濃度が3重量%未満では、塩析効果が不十分なためフェノールが水中に溶出し、またエマルションを形成することがある。塩濃度が高いほどフェノールの溶出が防止され、かつ水溶液の比重が大きくなってエマルションが形成され難くなるが、塩濃度が高すぎると水溶液へ塩が抽出され難くなり、洗浄効果が低下する。
【0012】
洗浄水は、通常pH4〜10のものを用いる。pH5〜9、特にpH6〜8のものが好ましい。洗浄液のpHが低すぎると装置の腐食を招き、高すぎるとフェノールが溶出しやすくなる。
洗浄水は、フェノールタール100重量部に対し、通常は50重量部以上となるように用いる。洗浄水の量が多いほど塩を除去することができるので、洗浄水はフェノールタールに対し200重量部以上、特に300重量部以上となるように用いるのが好ましい。しかし、洗浄水の量が多くなりすぎると、フェノールの洗浄水への溶出量が多くなるので、通常は1000重量部以上用いるのは有利ではない。
洗浄は、フェノールタール及び有機溶剤との混合液と洗浄水とを混合した後、油相と水相とに分離する方法であれば任意である。例えば、バッチ法、連続法等が挙げられる。
【0013】
洗浄により塩を除去したフェノールタールは、熱分解工程で熱分解してフェノール、α−メチルスチレン及びキュメン等の有用成分を含む熱分解反応液を生成させ、これらを蒸留により分離する。蒸留残渣は、塩をほとんど含んでいないため、燃料として焼却処理しても装置を腐食することがない。
【0014】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例により更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1
キュメンハイドロパーオキシド濃縮物に硫酸を加えて酸分解させた後、この反応液を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液により中和し、静置して水相(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:23重量%、pH6.4)と油相とに分離させた。油相を蒸留塔に供給して蒸留し、塔頂からアセトン及びキュメンを主成分とする軽沸留分を留出させ、塔底からフェノール及び高沸留分を缶出させた。この塔底液を第二の蒸留塔に供給して減圧蒸留し、塔頂からフェノールを留出させ、塔底からフェノールタールをポンプで抜き出した。フェノールタールは、アセトフェノン21重量%、フェノール20重量%、α―メチルスチレンダイマー10重量%、クミルフェノール19重量%、及びその他の高沸点成分30重量%からなり、ナトリウムを360重量ppmで含んでいた。このフェノールタールに、先に分離した水相と蒸留水とを1/1の重量比で混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:11.5重量%)を、フェノールタール/洗浄水の重量比が7/20となるように混合し、60℃で5分間攪拌後、10分間静置して、油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0015】
実施例2
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が7/3となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:16.1重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
実施例3
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が9/1となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:20.7重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0016】
実施例4
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が19/1となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:21.9重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
実施例5
実施例1において、水相のみを洗浄液として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0017】
比較例1
実施例1において、蒸留水のみを洗浄液として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフェノールタールの洗浄操作を行ったところ、エマルションが形成され、10分間静置しても油相と水相とが分離しなかった。
【0018】
【表1】

Figure 2004217529
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、フェノールタール中の塩を容易に除去することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for obtaining cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol from phenol tar produced when phenol is produced by the cumene method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the cumen method, an acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide is distilled, and acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol generated by acid decomposition are distilled and collected. Phenol tar, which is a distillation residue, is thermally decomposed to produce cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol, which are distilled and collected by distillation, and the distillation residue that has not been distilled is incinerated.
[0003]
By the way, since the acid decomposition reaction solution contains an acid, it is neutralized with an aqueous alkali solution before being subjected to distillation, then separated into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and the oil phase is subjected to distillation. However, since a small amount of salt remains in the oil phase, the remaining salt is concentrated in phenol tar, which is a distillation residue. If a large amount of salt is contained in phenol tar, it may cause clogging of the heat exchanger in the pyrolysis process, corrosion of the burner for incineration and scale deposition, etc., so remove the salt from the phenol tar before subjecting it to pyrolysis. That is being done.
[0004]
As a method for lowering the salt concentration in phenol tar, a method in which the tar is washed only with water using a countercurrent extruder (see Patent Document 1), an aqueous phase is removed after the tar is mixed with dilute aqueous orthophosphoric acid A method (see Patent Document 2) and the like have been proposed.
However, the method described in Patent Literature 1 has problems such as insufficient cleaning due to the high viscosity of tar and the dissolution of useful components such as phenol in water. In addition, the method described in Patent Document 2 has problems such as high cost due to the use of phosphoric acid and corrosion of the apparatus.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-301803 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-279562
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for removing salts contained in phenol tar.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of the above problems, and found that washing a phenol tar with an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase separated in a phase separation step can efficiently remove salts in the phenol tar. The present invention has been completed.
That is, the gist of the present invention is a neutralization step of neutralizing an acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide with an alkali, a phase separation step of separating the neutralized reaction solution into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and a phase separation step. Acetone, cumene, a distillation step of distilling α-methylstyrene and phenol by distilling the obtained oil phase, and phenol tar, which is a distillation residue in the distillation step, is thermally decomposed to cumene, α-methylstyrene and In the method for producing phenol, a cumene method having each step of a pyrolysis step of generating and recovering phenol, the phenol tar is washed with an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step to reduce the contained salt. And then feeding it to a pyrolysis step.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The cumene hydroperoxide to be subjected to the acid decomposition reaction in the present invention may be produced by any known method. Usually, after oxidizing cumene, the cumene hydroperoxide concentrate concentrated to 65 to 95% by weight by a known method is acid-decomposed using a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid.
[0009]
An acid decomposition reaction solution containing useful components such as acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol neutralizes the acid contained by mixing with an aqueous alkali solution. As the aqueous alkali solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is usually used. Acetone, cumene, and α-methylstyrene obtained in a distillation step described below may contain phenol, and phenol is usually removed by washing with an aqueous alkali solution. For neutralization, an alkaline aqueous solution containing phenol obtained by this washing can also be used.
[0010]
Next, the neutralized liquid is separated into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and the oil phase is supplied to a distillation column to obtain a useful component. Distillation is usually performed by sequentially distilling acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol using a plurality of distillation columns. From the bottom of the distillation column from which phenol is distilled, acetophenone, phenol, α-methylstyrene dimer, cumylphenol and other high-boiling components, and organic salts such as sodium phenoxide and inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate are contained. Collect phenol tar. Usually, the content of the salt in the phenol tar is 0.01 to 2% by weight.
[0011]
In the present invention, the salt in the phenol tar is removed by washing the phenol tar with an aqueous solution containing the aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step.
For washing, only the aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step may be used, or washing water obtained by diluting the aqueous phase with water may be used. Usually, washing water having a salt concentration of 3 to 30% by weight is used. The lower limit of the inorganic salt concentration is preferably 5% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight. The upper limit of the inorganic salt concentration is preferably 28% by weight, particularly preferably 25% by weight. When the inorganic salt concentration is less than 3% by weight, phenol may elute into water due to insufficient salting-out effect, and an emulsion may be formed. As the salt concentration is higher, elution of phenol is prevented, and the specific gravity of the aqueous solution is increased, so that an emulsion is less likely to be formed.
[0012]
Washing water having a pH of 4 to 10 is usually used. Those having a pH of 5 to 9, especially pH 6 to 8, are preferred. If the pH of the cleaning solution is too low, the apparatus will be corroded.
The washing water is usually used in an amount of 50 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of phenol tar. Since the salt can be removed as the amount of the washing water increases, the washing water is preferably used in an amount of 200 parts by weight or more, particularly 300 parts by weight or more based on phenol tar. However, if the amount of washing water is too large, the amount of phenol eluted into the washing water increases, so that it is usually not advantageous to use 1000 parts by weight or more.
Washing is optional as long as a mixture of phenol tar and an organic solvent and washing water are mixed and then separated into an oil phase and an aqueous phase. For example, a batch method, a continuous method and the like can be mentioned.
[0013]
The phenol tar from which salts have been removed by washing is thermally decomposed in a pyrolysis step to generate a pyrolysis reaction solution containing useful components such as phenol, α-methylstyrene and cumene, and these are separated by distillation. Since the distillation residue contains almost no salt, the apparatus does not corrode even when incinerated as a fuel.
[0014]
【Example】
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.
Example 1
After sulfuric acid is added to the cumene hydroperoxide concentrate to decompose it by acid, the reaction solution is neutralized with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and allowed to stand still. Separated from the oil phase. The oil phase was supplied to a distillation column for distillation, a light-boiling fraction mainly composed of acetone and cumene was distilled off from the top of the column, and phenol and a high-boiling fraction were removed from the bottom of the column. The bottom liquid was supplied to a second distillation column and distilled under reduced pressure, phenol was distilled from the top of the column, and phenol tar was extracted from the bottom of the column with a pump. Phenol tar consists of 21% by weight of acetophenone, 20% by weight of phenol, 10% by weight of α-methylstyrene dimer, 19% by weight of cumylphenol, and 30% by weight of other high-boiling components, and contains 360 ppm by weight of sodium. Was. Wash water (concentration of sodium sulfate: 11.5% by weight) obtained by mixing the previously separated aqueous phase and distilled water at a weight ratio of 1/1 to this phenol tar was mixed with a phenol tar / wash water weight ratio of 7%. / 20, stirred at 60 ° C. for 5 minutes, and allowed to stand for 10 minutes to collect an oil phase. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0015]
Example 2
An oil was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that washing water (sodium sulfate concentration: 16.1% by weight) mixed so that the weight ratio of aqueous phase / distilled water was 7/3. The phases were collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
Example 3
An oil was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that washing water (sodium sulfate concentration: 20.7% by weight) mixed so that the weight ratio of aqueous phase / distilled water was 9/1. The phases were collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0016]
Example 4
An oil was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that washing water (sodium sulfate concentration: 21.9% by weight) was mixed so that the weight ratio of aqueous phase / distilled water was 19/1. The phases were collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
Example 5
In Example 1, an oil phase was collected in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only the aqueous phase was used as the washing liquid. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0017]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, a phenol tar washing operation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only distilled water was used as a washing liquid. As a result, an emulsion was formed. And did not separate.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004217529
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, salts in phenol tar can be easily removed.

Claims (4)

キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液をアルカリで中和する中和工程、中和された反応液を油相と水相とに分離する相分離工程、相分離工程で得られた油相を蒸留してアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させる蒸留工程、並びに蒸留工程の蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールを熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させて回収する熱分解工程の各工程を有するキュメン法フェノールの製造方法において、フェノールタールを相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で洗浄して含有されている塩分を低減させた後、熱分解工程に供給することを特徴とする方法。Neutralization step of neutralizing the acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide with alkali, phase separation step of separating the neutralized reaction solution into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and distillation of the oil phase obtained in the phase separation step A distillation step of distilling acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol by heating, and a heat for generating and recovering cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol by thermally decomposing phenol tar which is a distillation residue of the distillation step. In the method for producing phenol by cumene method having each step of the decomposition step, the phenol tar is washed with an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step to reduce the contained salt, and then supplied to the thermal decomposition step. A method comprising: 水相を含む水溶液が、塩を3〜30重量%含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous solution containing the aqueous phase contains 3 to 30% by weight of a salt. 水相を含む水溶液が、pH4〜10のものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous solution containing the aqueous phase has a pH of 4 to 10. フェノールタール100重量部に対して、水相を含む水溶液50重量部以上を用いて洗浄することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の方法。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein washing is performed using 50 parts by weight or more of an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase with respect to 100 parts by weight of phenol tar.
JP2003003267A 2003-01-09 2003-01-09 Method for producing phenol Expired - Lifetime JP4337347B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102212025A (en) * 2011-04-11 2011-10-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for improving rectification yield of nitrated product
CN106986739A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-07-28 乐陵力维化学品有限责任公司 The production technology that a kind of phenol raffinate is recycled
CN107298636A (en) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 The method to cumylphenol is extracted in phenol tar
US11370735B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-06-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for decomposing phenolic by-product

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102212025A (en) * 2011-04-11 2011-10-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for improving rectification yield of nitrated product
CN107298636A (en) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 The method to cumylphenol is extracted in phenol tar
CN107298636B (en) * 2016-04-14 2021-01-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method for extracting p-cumylphenol from phenol tar
CN106986739A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-07-28 乐陵力维化学品有限责任公司 The production technology that a kind of phenol raffinate is recycled
US11370735B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-06-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for decomposing phenolic by-product

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