JP2004209339A - Pyrolysis apparatus of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pyrolysis apparatus of wastes which performs thermal decomposition of wastes in a suitable atmosphere, and is miniaturized. <P>SOLUTION: The pyrolysis apparatus comprises a horizontal drum 1 formed of a conductive material and rotatable around the axis thereof, and an electromagnetic induction heating coil 2 disposed around the drum 1. The drum 1 is rotatable around the axis, and rotated by a drive motor 7. The drum 1 is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction-heating coil 2 to heat the wastes in the drum 1. The wastes in the drum 1 are stirred by the rotation of the drum 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pyrolysis apparatus for pyrolyzing waste such as municipal waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a waste treatment method, waste is thermally decomposed by heating in a rotary kiln (pyrolysis apparatus), the generated pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue are burned, and the ash is melted in a melting furnace to be taken out as molten slag. The gasification melting method described above is known.
[0003]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a rotary kiln, a burner is exposed in a kiln body, and the waste in the kiln body is thermally decomposed by igniting the burner (for example, see Patent Document 1). It consists of an outer cylinder covered with refractory material and an inner cylinder concentrically arranged inside the outer cylinder, and a hot-air passage is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A device that is heated and decomposed by high-temperature hot air flowing in a passage (for example, see Patent Document 2) is known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-33916 (paragraph 0007)
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-188890 (paragraph 0014)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the rotary kiln described in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the atmosphere in the kiln body cannot be set to an arbitrary atmosphere, and the thermal decomposition of waste cannot be performed in an optimum atmosphere.
[0007]
In the rotary kiln described in Patent Literature 2, the interior of the inner cylinder in which the waste is put can be set to an arbitrary atmosphere such as a nitrogen gas atmosphere or a steam atmosphere. Because of the double structure, there is a problem that the whole becomes large.
[0008]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to perform thermal decomposition of waste in a suitable atmosphere, and to reduce the size of the waste compared with the apparatus described in Patent Document 2 It is to provide a device.
[0009]
Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste pyrolysis apparatus, comprising: a pyrolysis vessel for pyrolyzing waste; an electromagnetic induction heating coil disposed around the pyrolysis vessel; It is provided with a heating element made of a conductive material, which is heated by induction heating by a coil to heat the waste in the pyrolysis container, and means for stirring the waste in the pyrolysis container.
[0010]
According to the thermal decomposition apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the waste in the thermal decomposition vessel is heated by the conductive material heating element that faces the thermal decomposition vessel and is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil. The inside can be made any atmosphere, and the thermal decomposition of waste can be performed in a suitable atmosphere. Further, the size can be reduced as compared with the device described in Patent Document 2. Furthermore, since the waste in the pyrolysis vessel can be heated by the conductive material heating element induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil while stirring the waste, the apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be used. In comparison, waste can be efficiently heated to a predetermined temperature in a short time. As a result, the efficiency of waste thermal decomposition treatment is improved.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the pyrolysis container comprises a horizontal drum whose peripheral wall is formed of a conductive material and is rotatable around an axis. Rotating means for rotating the drum around the axis, the peripheral wall of the drum becomes a heating element that is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil, and the drum rotated around the axis by the rotating means agitates the waste. Is what it is. In this case, the drum serves as the heating element and the stirring means, and the overall configuration is simplified.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the pyrolysis container comprises a horizontal drum whose peripheral wall is formed of a conductive material and is fixed, and the peripheral wall of the drum is an electromagnetic induction heating coil. A stirring device that rotates around the axis of the drum and stirs waste in the drum is provided inside the drum, and a rotating unit that rotates the stirring device is provided outside the drum. Is what it is.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the stirring device is provided with a rotating shaft rotatably disposed on the axis of the drum, and a plurality of stirring paddles provided on the rotating shaft. And the rotating shaft is rotated by the rotating means.
[0014]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the pyrolysis container is a horizontal drum having a peripheral wall formed of a non-conductive material, and a stirring drum formed of a conductive material in the drum. A stirrer having a member is provided, the stirrer becomes a heating element that is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil, and at least one of the drum and the stirrer is configured to rotate around the axis of the drum. Is what it is. In this case, the stirring member that directly touches the waste to stir the waste is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil, so that the waste can be efficiently heated to a predetermined temperature in a short time, and the heat of the waste can be increased. The decomposition processing efficiency is improved.
[0015]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the drum is rotatable around an axis and provided with rotating means for rotating the drum. And a plurality of linear stirring members extending in the longitudinal direction of the drum and fixed to the support members at both ends.
[0016]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the waste is inclined forward in the rotational direction of the drum from the radially outer portion on one radius of the drum or from the peripheral wall of the drum toward the axis. A plurality of agitation member groups each including a plurality of agitation members arranged on a portion of the drum on the side of the peripheral wall of the straight line are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum. In this case, an appropriate arrangement of the stirring member can be selected according to the processing target, and efficient heat treatment can be performed.
[0017]
The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the drum is fixed, and the stirring device is rotatable around the axis with respect to the drum at both ends in the drum. And a plurality of linear stirring members extending in the length direction of the drum and having both ends fixed to the rotation support member. Outside the drum, rotation means for rotating the rotation support member is provided. It is what is arranged.
[0018]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, wherein a radially outer portion on one radius of the drum or a circumferential wall of the drum is arranged forward in the rotation direction of the rotary support member toward the axis. A plurality of agitating member groups each composed of a plurality of agitating members arranged on a portion on the drum peripheral wall side on one inclined straight line are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum. In this case, an appropriate arrangement of the stirring member can be selected according to the processing target, and efficient heat treatment can be performed.
[0019]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of the fifth to ninth aspects, wherein the stirring member has a rod shape, a pipe shape, a chain shape, a bead shape, a wire shape, or a plate shape. Is what it is.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same components and portions are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings, and redundant description will be omitted. In the following description, the left and right of FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 are referred to as left and right, and the upper and lower sides of each drawing are referred to as upper and lower.
[0021]
Embodiment 1
This embodiment is shown in FIG.
[0022]
In FIG. 1, a waste pyrolysis apparatus includes a drum (1) (pyrolysis vessel) composed of a horizontal cylindrical body open at both ends and supported rotatably around an axis by a fixed portion (not shown). (1) an electromagnetic induction heating coil (2) arranged around the periphery.
[0023]
The drum (1) is formed of a conductive material such as metal, conductive ceramics, and conductive cement. The left end of the drum (1) is covered with an inlet hood (4) via an annular seal member (3), and the right end is covered with an outlet hood (5) via an annular seal member (3). I have. A gear (6) is fixed to the outer periphery of the right end of the peripheral wall (1a) of the drum (1). The gear (6) meshes with a gear (8) fixed to a motor shaft (7a) of a drive motor (7) (rotating means) so that the drum (1) is rotated by the drive motor (7). It has become.
[0024]
A screw feeder (9) is fixed in the center of the entrance hood (4) in a penetrating manner, and waste (D) is supplied into the drum (1) by the screw feeder (9). I have. A pyrolysis gas outlet (5a) is formed at the upper end of the outlet hood (5), and a pyrolysis residue outlet (5b) is formed at the lower end.
[0025]
The thermal decomposition of waste using the thermal decomposition apparatus having such a configuration is performed as follows.
[0026]
First, the waste (D) is charged into the drum (1) using the screw feeder (9). Next, the drum (1) is rotated around its axis by the drive motor (7) and the electromagnetic induction heating coil (2) is energized to heat the peripheral wall (1a) of the drum (1) by induction. Then, the waste (D) in the drum (1) is heated by the peripheral wall (1a) of the drum (1) while being stirred by the rotation of the drum (1), and thereby thermally decomposed. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet (5a) of the outlet hood (5), and the pyrolysis residue is also discharged from the pyrolysis residue outlet (5b). Thus, the thermal decomposition of the waste (D) is performed.
[0027]
Embodiment 2
This embodiment is shown in FIG.
[0028]
In the case of this embodiment, the drum (10) of the waste pyrolysis apparatus is formed of a horizontal cylindrical body having both ends closed, and is fixed to a fixing part (not shown). At least the peripheral wall (10a) of the peripheral wall (10a) and the left and right closed walls (10b) of the drum (10) is formed of a conductive material such as metal, conductive ceramics, and conductive cement. A waste inlet (11) is formed in the upper part of the left end of the peripheral wall (10a) of the drum (10), a pyrolysis gas outlet (12) is formed in the upper part of the right end, and a thermal decomposition gas outlet (12) is also formed in the lower part of the right end. A decomposition residue outlet (13) is formed.
[0029]
The drum (10) is provided with a stirring device (14) for stirring the waste in the drum (10), and is rotated by a drive motor (17) (rotating means) disposed outside the drum (10). It is supposed to be. The stirring device (14) includes a rotating shaft (15) that extends in the left-right direction and is disposed on the center axis of the drum (10), and a plurality of stirring paddles (16) fixed to the rotating shaft (15). ). The left and right ends of the rotary shaft (15) are rotatably supported by left and right end walls (10b) of the drum (10), and the drive motor (17) arranged outside the drum (10) defines the axis of the rotation axis (15). It can be rotated around. The stirring paddle (16) is a pair of two at a position 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (15), and the stirring paddle (16) pair is spaced in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft (15). Are fixed in pairs. Two pairs of stirring paddles (16) adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft (15) are located at positions shifted by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (15).
[0030]
The thermal decomposition of waste using the thermal decomposition apparatus having such a configuration is performed as follows.
[0031]
First, waste is charged into the drum (10) from the waste input port (11). Next, the rotating shaft (15) is rotated by the drive motor (17) and the electromagnetic induction heating coil (2) is energized to induction heat the peripheral wall (10a) of the drum (10). Then, the waste in the drum (10) is heated by the peripheral wall (10a) of the drum (10) while being stirred by the stirring paddle (16), and thereby thermally decomposed. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from a pyrolysis gas outlet (12), and the pyrolysis residue is discharged from a pyrolysis residue outlet (13). Thus, thermal decomposition of the waste is performed.
[0032]
Embodiment 3
This embodiment is shown in FIGS.
[0033]
In the case of this embodiment, the drum (21) formed of a horizontal cylindrical body having both ends opened in the waste pyrolysis apparatus is formed of a non-conductive material. A stirring device (25) for stirring the waste in the drum (21) is provided in the drum (21). The stirrer (25) includes a plurality of inwardly projecting band-plate-shaped brackets fixed to the inner peripheral surfaces at both left and right end portions of the peripheral wall (21a) of the drum (21) at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum (21). (22) A (supporting member) and a linear stirring member (23) extending in the left-right direction and having both left and right ends fixed to the left and right brackets (22). Each bracket (22) at the left end and each bracket (22) at the right end are located at positions that match in the circumferential direction. Each bracket (22) is inclined forward (in the direction indicated by arrow X in FIG. 4) in the rotational direction of the drum (21) from the peripheral wall (21a) side of the drum (21) toward the central axis. A plurality of linear stirring members (23) extending in the left-right direction are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the bracket (22) on the left and right brackets (22) located at positions corresponding to the circumferential direction. Left and right ends of (23) are fixed to left and right brackets (22), thereby forming one stirring member group (23A). Accordingly, a plurality of agitating members (23) arranged on a portion of the peripheral wall (21a) side on one straight line inclined forward in the rotation direction of the drum (21) from the peripheral wall (21a) of the drum (21) toward the central axis. ) Are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum (21).
[0034]
The stirring member (23) is formed in a rod shape, a pipe shape, a chain shape, a bead shape, a wire shape, or a plate shape using a conductive material such as metal, conductive ceramics, and conductive cement.
[0035]
The thermal decomposition of waste using the thermal decomposition apparatus having such a configuration is performed as follows.
[0036]
First, waste is put into the drum (21) using the screw feeder (9). Next, the drum (21) is rotated by the drive motor (7), and the electromagnetic induction heating coil (2) is energized to induction heat the stirring member (23). Then, the waste in the drum (21) is moved by the stirring member (23) of each stirring member group (23A) rotating together with the drum (21) from the position of the arrow X in FIG. The material is stirred by repeating the process of being lifted to a position reaching the front in the direction and then falling, and at the same time, heated by the stirring member (23), and as a result, waste is thermally decomposed efficiently. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet (5a) of the outlet hood (5), and the pyrolysis residue is also discharged from the pyrolysis residue outlet (5b). Thus, thermal decomposition of the waste is performed.
[0037]
Embodiment 4
This embodiment is shown in FIGS.
[0038]
In the case of this embodiment, the drum (31) of the waste pyrolysis apparatus is formed of a horizontal cylindrical body having both ends closed, and is fixed to a fixing part (not shown). The peripheral wall (31a) and the left and right end closing walls (31b) of the drum (31) are each formed of a non-conductive material. An opening (32) surrounded by an outwardly projecting cylindrical portion (33) is formed at the center of the left end closing wall (31b) of the drum (31). A screw feeder (9) is passed through an opening (32) of the left end closing wall (31b), and waste is supplied into the drum (31) by the screw feeder (9).
[0039]
A stirring device (34) for stirring the waste put into the drum (31) is provided inside the drum (31), and a drive motor (36) (rotation means) disposed outside the drum (10) is provided. ). The stirring device (34) is provided at each of the left and right ends in the drum (31) with a rotating disk (concentric with the drum (31) and arranged so as to be rotatable around the center axis of the drum (31)). 35) (rotation support member), and a plurality of agitating member groups (23A) provided at substantially half portions near the outer periphery between the two rotating disks (35) at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum (31). Consisting of
[0040]
A through hole (35a) is formed in the center of the left rotating disk (35), and a cylindrical portion (33) of the left end closing wall (31b) of the drum (31) is formed around the through hole (35a). A cylindrical rotary shaft (35b) protruding leftward is provided integrally with the screw feeder (9). A rolling bearing (37) and a gland packing (38) are arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (35b) and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion (33). A bearing metal (39) and a gland packing (40) are arranged between the peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the screw feeder (9), and the rotating shaft part (35b) has a cylindrical part (33) and a screw feeder (33). It is rotatable with respect to 9).
[0041]
The rotating shaft (41) is fixed to the center of the right rotating disk (35). The rotation shaft (41) rotatably penetrates the right end closing wall (31b) of the drum (31), protrudes out of the drum (31), and is connected to the drive motor (36), and is connected to the drive motor (36). Thus, the rotation shaft (41) can be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow Y in FIG.
[0042]
Each stirring member group (23A) is disposed on one straight line inclined forward in the rotation direction of the rotating disk (35) from the peripheral wall (31a) side of the drum (31) toward the central axis, and in the left-right direction. It comprises a plurality of linear stirring members (23) extending. Accordingly, the stirring device (34) is rotated by the drive motor (36) in the direction indicated by the arrow Y in FIG.
[0043]
The thermal decomposition of waste using the thermal decomposition apparatus having such a configuration is performed as follows.
[0044]
First, waste is put into the drum (31) using the screw feeder (9). Next, the stirrer (34) is rotated by the drive motor (36), and the electromagnetic induction heating coil (2) is energized to induction heat the stirrer (23). Then, the waste in the drum (31) is heated by the stirring member (23) while being stirred by the stirring member (23), and thereby thermally decomposed. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet (12), and the pyrolysis residue is also discharged from the pyrolysis residue outlet (13). Thus, thermal decomposition of the waste is performed.
[0045]
In Embodiments 3 and 4, in each stirring member group (23A), the stirring member (23) is inclined forward in the rotation direction of the stirring device (34) from the peripheral wall side of the drum (31) toward the central axis. Although they are arranged on one straight line, they are not limited to this, and may be arranged on one radius.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a thermal decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the thermal decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a third embodiment of the thermal decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the thermal decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
(1) (11) (21) (31): Drum (pyrolysis vessel)
(2): Electromagnetic induction heating coil
(6) (8): Gear
(7): Drive motor (rotation means)
(14): Stirrer
(15): Rotary axis
(16): Stir paddle
(17): Drive motor (rotating means)
(22): Bracket (support member)
(23): Stirring member
(23A): Stirring member group
(25): Stirrer
(31): Drum
(34): Stirrer
(35): Rotating disk (rotation support member)
(36): Drive motor (rotating means)

Claims (10)

A pyrolysis container that thermally decomposes waste, an electromagnetic induction heating coil arranged around the pyrolysis container, and a waste material in the pyrolysis container that faces the pyrolysis container and is induction-heated by the electromagnetic induction heating coil. An apparatus for thermally decomposing waste, comprising: a heating element made of a conductive material to be heated; and means for stirring the waste in the pyrolysis vessel. The pyrolysis container is composed of a horizontal drum whose peripheral wall is formed of a conductive material and is rotatable around an axis, and is provided with rotating means for rotating the drum around the axis, and the peripheral wall of the drum is heated by electromagnetic induction heating. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a heating element that is induction-heated by the coil, and a drum that is rotated around an axis by a rotating means is a means for stirring the waste. The pyrolysis container is a horizontal drum whose peripheral wall is formed of a conductive material and is fixed, and the peripheral wall of the drum is a heating element that is induction-heated by an electromagnetic induction heating coil, and rotates around the drum axis in the drum. 2. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a stirring device for stirring the waste in the drum, and a rotating means for rotating the stirring device outside the drum. 4. A stirrer comprising: a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the axis of the drum; and a plurality of stirring paddles provided on the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is rotated by a rotating means. Waste pyrolysis equipment. The thermal decomposition vessel is composed of a horizontal drum whose peripheral wall is formed of a non-conductive material, and a stirring device having a stirring member formed of a conductive material is provided in the drum, and the stirring member is induction-heated by an electromagnetic induction heating coil. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is used, and at least one of the drum and the stirring device is configured to rotate around the axis of the drum. The drum is rotatable about an axis and provided with rotating means for rotating the drum. A stirring device is provided at both ends in the drum so as to rotate with the drum. 6. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 5, comprising a plurality of linear stirring members extending in the vertical direction and having both ends fixed to the support member. A stirrer comprising a plurality of stirrers arranged on a radially outer portion on one radius of the drum or on a straight line inclined in a rotational direction of the drum forward from the circumferential wall of the drum toward the axis, on the drum circumferential wall side. 7. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of member groups are provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the drum. A drum is fixed, and a stirring device is provided at each end of the drum with a rotation support member rotatably disposed around the axis of the drum with respect to the drum, and extends in the length direction of the drum and rotates at both ends. 6. The waste thermal decomposition apparatus according to claim 5, comprising a plurality of linear stirring members fixed to the support member, and a rotating means for rotating the rotary support member disposed outside the drum. From a plurality of agitating members arranged on a radially outer portion on one radius of the drum, or on a portion on a drum peripheral wall side on one straight line inclined forward in the rotational direction of the rotary support member from the peripheral wall of the drum toward the axis. 9. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of stirring members are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drum. The waste pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the stirring member has a rod shape, a pipe shape, a chain shape, a bead shape, a wire shape, or a plate shape.

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