【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、病弱者の床面等からの立ち上がりを介助するための介助具に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般的に、足腰の弱くなった病弱者を、床面等から立ち上げようとする場合、介護者が病弱者の身体を持ち上げつつ病弱者を、立ち上げる必要があり、介護者にかなりの負担を強いるものであった。またこの課題を解決する従来の技術として、特許文献１があったので、図５により説明すると、内部に流体５２を収容可能な補助具本体５３が、椅子１９の座面１６に載置可能でかつ この補助具本体を介して病弱者１７が座面１６に着座可能に形成され、この補助具本体５３の内部に流体５２を注入することにより この補助具本体５３に着座した病弱者１７が座面１６から離れる方向に、この補助具本体５３が膨出する構造に形成されている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−０４７１９４号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来の技術にあっては、内部に流体を収容可能な容器や、流体を移動させるためのポンプ、また、このポンプを駆動させるためのエネルギー源等が必要になり、装置がかなり大掛かりで高価なものとなり、使用場所も制限されるなどの課題がある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するため次のような手段を有する、
（１）椅子を枠体の椅子取り付け部に枢着して、介助者の力でハンドル部を駆動することにより、折曲部を支点とした梃子作用でこの椅子を上下方向に移動し得るようにした。（２）ハンドル部と椅子取り付け部とこれらとの間に形成した折曲部を有する枠体に、病弱者が着座できる椅子を、４節リンク機構により、枠体に係着して、介助者の力でハンドル部を駆動することにより、この椅子は上下方向に移動し得るようにした。（３）病弱者が着座する椅子の座面は、上下方向に移動の略上端で静止できるよう、介助者が操作できるストッパー手段を設けた。（４）枠体の折曲部の曲げ曲率は半径１００〜２００ｍｍに形成した。（５）枠体のハンドル部と折曲部間の距離を可変できるよう形成した。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
足腰の弱くなった病弱者を、床面等から立ち上げようとする目的を、介助者が梃子作用を利用してあまり力を必要とせずかつ、手軽に使用できる形態の起立介助具を実現した。
【０００７】
【実施例】
図１は、本発明装置の１実施例の実使用状態を示す一部断面をとった側面図であって、１は、外形２５．４ｍｍ、肉厚２ｍｍ程度のアルミニウム合金管を加工して形成した図３にも示す枠体であり、Ｕ状連結部２６と、これに続くＪ状側枠２９、これらの接触部２８を溶接した後このＪ状側枠２９同士に架橋するように椅子取り付け部３３と補強棒３１を溶接で固着する ２５はＵ状のハンドルでありその両端部を外形縮小加工して径小部２７を形成していてＪ状側枠２９の両端部に摺動自在に遊嵌している ３５はネジ穴であり固定ネジ３を螺合することによりハンドル２５とＪ状側枠２９間の距間離を適度に選んでから固定できるよう設けた、３４はＵ状側枠２６の両上面に開けた貫通孔である。また３２はＪ状側枠２９の側端部に設けた ネジ穴である。
【０００８】
１９は、病弱者が着座できる合成樹脂で造られた椅子で 座面１６と背もたれ４とアームレスト２０とより成り、この座面１６の下面には、断面が半円状の枢支部４６を有し、背もたれ４の下端部には環状の枢支部４７と貫通孔４８を有している。７はリンク受容体であり合成樹脂製で長穴４０とこの長穴に垂直に形成したネジ穴３９と節部Ｃを形成する枢支孔３７より成り この長穴４０には１端を枢支部４７の貫通孔４８に枢支され節部Ｂを形成する棒状のリンクＣ３８の他端が遊嵌され適宜の嵌合長さを得た後 調整ネジ６により リンク受容体７に係着される、４１は両端に環状のリングを穿設した棒状のリンクＢであり その１端を枢支孔３７に枢支され節部Ｃを形成し 他端の環状のリング４９が補強棒３１に遊嵌されることにより枢支され節部Ａを形成し座面１６の下面の枢支部４６を椅子取り付け部３３に枢着して節部Ｄを形成し図３に示すような節部Ａ節部Ｂ節部Ｃ節部Ｄを持つ４節のリンク機構が完成する。
【０００９】
次に、左右対称に形成した ストッパー４２を説明すると、１４は板金製の可動軸であり１端部に車輪８を枢着した車軸受け５を固着し、他端部は細孔５４を穿設していて 取り付けネジ４３をこの細孔に遊嵌した後Ｊ状側枠２９の外端部のネジ穴３２に螺合してこの可動軸は枢支される、また、この可動軸１４の略中央部には細孔１８を穿設している。２３は金属丸棒をＵ字形に曲げ加工して形成した操作レバーであり その両端をＵ状連結部２６の上面に開けた貫通孔３４に遊嵌した後その先端を細孔１８に通した後 略環状に折り曲げて組み立てを完了する、なお、２１，２２ は操作レバー２３の摺動ストロークを決めるための位置決めリングであり中央に穿設した透孔４５を操作レバー２３に遊嵌し貫通孔３４を挟むように止めネジ３６により固定されている、なお、図中１７は病弱者、２は介助者、１２は床面や畳面を示す。
【００１０】
次に図１、図２により作用を説明すると、足腰が弱くなって自力で立ち上がることの出来ない病弱者１７を、座面１６に着座させた後、介助者２がハンドル部２５を保持して円弧を描くように手前に駆動することにより、ハンドル部２５を作用点、折曲部１３を支点、椅子取り付け部３３を作用点とする梃子作用でこの椅子を上方向に移動することが出来る なお、この際の支点の位置は一定ではなく折曲部３３の 曲げ曲率に応じて元５４から先４８に亘って次々と変わるので介助者２の力の加え難い初期には比較的に軽く持ち上げられ介助者の体重が作用させ易く 力の加え易い後期には比較的重くなる、また、椅子取り付け部３３に枢着している椅子１９は棒状のリンクＢ４１を固定リンクとする４節両リンク機構で支えられていると見なされるため 図４のように椅子１９が節部Ｂよりリンク３８により押し上げられるので 節部Ｃと節部Ａを回動軸として略平行状態を保ちつつ上方に移動し得る、なおリンク受容体７の調整ネジ６を除圧して棒状のリンク３８とリンク受容体７との嵌合長を変化させることにより このリンクの全長が変わり椅子１９が床面との角度や椅子１９が上方に移動する際の椅子１９と床面との角度を適宜変えることが出きる。
【００１１】
図２は椅子１９の座面１６を略上端で静止させた状態を示し、この状態で、介助者２がストッパー操作レバー２３のハンドル部２４を操作して矢印Ｆの方向に位置決めリング２２が貫通孔３４に当接するまで押圧することにより 可動軸１４の細孔１８に力が作用して この可動軸は取り付けネジ４３を中心として図２に示す角度Ａ度まで回動する、この際車輪８は床面１２上を回転しながら移動するので摩擦が少なくなり軽い力で駆動できる また車輪８と床面１２との当接位置は着座した病弱者１７を含めた椅子全体の重心よりも病弱者１７の足側に変わるので椅子１９の座面１６を略上端（床面１２より約３５ｃｍの高さ）で安定して静止できる 病弱者１７はこの位置から自力で両手を使って椅子１９のアームレスト２０を押し下げながら立ち上がることが出きる、また車椅子などにも移乗できる、自力での車椅子などへの移乗ができない病弱者１７は介助者２の補助を受けることも出来る。
【００１２】
次に、上記の動作と逆に、立っている病弱者１７を床面１２等に座らせることにも本補助具は利用できる、図２の状態のように椅子１９の座面１６を略上端して静止させ病弱者１７を座面１６に着座させた後、介助者２がストッパー操作レバー２３のハンドル部２４を操作して矢印Ｆと反対方向に位置決めリング２１が貫通孔３４に当接するまで引くことにより 可動軸１４の細孔１８に力が作用してこの可動軸は取り付けネジ４３を中心として 図２に示す角度Ａ度まで立ち上がり時とは逆方向に回動する、次に ハンドル部２５を上方向に駆動することにより折曲部１３を支点とした梃子作用でこの椅子１９を図１に示すように下方向に最下端まで移動し 病弱者１７は床面に座ることが容易に行える。
【００１３】
なお、介助者２がハンドル２５部を上方向駆動する際 梃子作用で病弱者１７の体重の３分の１程度の力で駆動出来るよう梃子の寸法を決めているが駆動力を変えたい場合は、固定ネジ３を緩めて枠体１のハンドル２５と折曲部１３間の距離を可変すれば目的を達成できる。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の起立介助具は、足腰の弱くなった病弱者を、床面等から立ち上げようとする目的を、介助者が 梃子作用を利用してあまり力を必要とせずかつ、簡単な構成で達成できる形態を実現した。
【００１５】
また、本発明の起立介助具は、病弱者が着座できる椅子を、４節リンク機構により、枠体に枢着して、介助者の力でハンドル部を駆動することにより上下方向に移動し得るようにしたので、椅子が上方に移動する際の椅子と床面との角度を適宜変えることができて病弱者を安全に上下方向に移動し得る。
【００１６】
また、本発明の起立介助具の椅子の座面は、上下方向に移動の略上端で静止できるよう、介助者が操作できるストッパー手段を設けたので、病弱者を安全に移動の略上端で静止できるので、介助者がハンドルから手を離して病弱者の手を支え上げるなどの さらなる病弱者の補助が可能である。
【００１７】
また、本発明の起立介助具は、梃子の支点になる折曲部の曲げ曲率を半径１００〜２００ｍｍに形成したので、介助者の力の加え難い初期には比較的に軽く持ち上げられ介助者の体重が作用させ易く力の加え易い後期には比較的重くなる操作し易い製品となる。
【００１８】
また、本発明の起立介助具は、枠体のハンドル部と折曲部間の距離を可変できるよう形成したので、介助者の駆動力を変えることが出来かつ、不使用時は外形寸法を小さくして収納に嵩張らない利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】起立介助具の構成と実施方法を示した説明図である。
【図２】起立介助具の構成と実施方法を示した説明図である。
【図３】構成部品の枠体を示す斜視図である。
【図４】構成部品の椅子の移動状態を示す模式図である。
【図５】従来例の構成と実施方法を示した説明図である
【符号の説明】
１ 枠体、１６ 座面、１９ 椅子、２５ ハンドル部、１３ 折曲部、３３椅子取り付け部、４２ ストッパー。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assisting device for assisting a disabled person to stand up from a floor or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, when trying to start a disabled person with weak legs and legs from the floor, it is necessary for the caregiver to start the disabled person while lifting the body of the disabled person. Was imposed. Patent Literature 1 discloses a conventional technique for solving this problem. Referring to FIG. 5, an auxiliary tool main body 53 capable of storing a fluid 52 therein can be placed on the seat surface 16 of the chair 19. In addition, the disabled 17 is formed so as to be able to sit on the seating surface 16 via the assisting device main body, and by injecting the fluid 52 into the assisting device main body 53, the disabled 17 seated on the assisting device main body 53 is seated. The auxiliary tool main body 53 is formed in a structure protruding in a direction away from the surface 16.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-047194
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technology, a container capable of storing a fluid therein, a pump for moving the fluid, an energy source for driving the pump, and the like are required, and the apparatus is considerably large. However, there are problems such as that the cost is high and the place of use is restricted.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has the following means to solve the above problems,
(1) The chair can be pivotally attached to the chair mounting portion of the frame, and the handle can be driven by the helper, so that the chair can be moved up and down by leverage with the bent portion as a fulcrum. I made it. (2) A four-link mechanism is used to attach a chair on which a disabled person can be seated to a frame having a handle portion, a chair attachment portion, and a bent portion formed between the handle portion and the chair portion. The chair can be moved up and down by driving the handle portion with the force of. (3) A stopper means that can be operated by a caregiver is provided so that the seat surface of the chair on which the invalid is seated can be stopped at the upper end of the movement in the vertical direction. (4) The bending curvature of the bent portion of the frame was formed to have a radius of 100 to 200 mm. (5) The distance between the handle portion and the bent portion of the frame body is made variable.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
For the purpose of trying to raise a weak patient who has weak legs and legs from the floor, etc., a caregiver using a lever action has realized a standing assistance tool that does not require much force and can be used easily. .
[0007]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a practical use state of one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a side view of an aluminum alloy pipe having an outer shape of about 25.4 mm and a wall thickness of about 2 mm. The U-shaped connecting portion 26, the J-shaped side frame 29 following the U-shaped connecting portion 26, and the contact portions 28 are welded to each other, and the chair is attached so as to bridge between the J-shaped side frames 29. The portion 33 and the reinforcing rod 31 are fixed by welding. Reference numeral 25 denotes a U-shaped handle. Both ends of the U-shaped handle are reduced in size to form a small-diameter portion 27 so as to be slidable on both ends of a J-shaped side frame 29. Reference numeral 35 denotes a screw hole, which is provided so that the distance between the handle 25 and the J-shaped side frame 29 can be appropriately selected and fixed by screwing the fixing screw 3; These are through holes formed in both upper surfaces of the frame 26. Reference numeral 32 denotes a screw hole provided at a side end of the J-shaped side frame 29.
[0008]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a chair made of a synthetic resin on which a disabled person can sit. The chair 19 includes a seat 16, a backrest 4, and an armrest 20. A lower surface of the seat 16 has a pivot 46 having a semicircular cross section. The lower end of the backrest 4 has an annular pivot 47 and a through hole 48. Reference numeral 7 denotes a link receiver which is made of synthetic resin and comprises an elongated hole 40, a screw hole 39 formed perpendicular to the elongated hole, and a pivot hole 37 forming a node C. One end of the elongated hole 40 is a pivot portion. The other end of the rod-like link C38 pivotally supported by the through hole 48 of the 47 and forming the joint B is loosely fitted to obtain an appropriate fitting length, and is then engaged with the link receiver 7 by the adjusting screw 6. Reference numeral 41 denotes a rod-shaped link B having an annular ring formed at both ends, one end of which is pivotally supported by the pivot hole 37 to form a node C. The annular ring 49 at the other end is loosely fitted to the reinforcing rod 31. The joint A is pivotally supported to form the joint A, and the pivot 46 on the lower surface of the seating surface 16 is pivotally connected to the chair attaching portion 33 to form the joint D, and the joint A joint B as shown in FIG. The four-section link mechanism having the section C and the section D is completed.
[0009]
Next, a description will be given of the stopper 42 formed symmetrically. A movable shaft 14 made of sheet metal is fixed to one end of the axle bearing 5 on which the wheel 8 is pivotally mounted. After the mounting screw 43 is loosely fitted in the small hole, it is screwed into the screw hole 32 at the outer end of the J-shaped side frame 29 to pivotally support the movable shaft. A small hole 18 is formed in the center. Reference numeral 23 denotes an operation lever formed by bending a metal round bar into a U-shape. After both ends of the operation lever are loosely fitted into a through hole 34 formed in the upper surface of the U-shaped coupling portion 26, and the tip thereof is passed through the hole 18, A positioning ring for determining a sliding stroke of the operation lever 23 is provided with a through-hole 45 formed at the center of the operation ring 23 to loosely fit the operation lever 23 to complete the assembly. Are fixed by a set screw 36 so as to sandwich it. In the figure, 17 is a disabled person, 2 is a caregiver, and 12 is a floor surface or a tatami mat surface.
[0010]
Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. After the disabled 17 who cannot stand up on his own due to weakness of his / her legs is seated on the seat surface 16, the caregiver 2 holds the handle 25. By driving forward in a circular arc, the chair can be moved upward by leverage using the handle portion 25 as an operation point, the bent portion 13 as a fulcrum, and the chair attachment portion 33 as an operation point. At this time, the position of the fulcrum is not constant, but changes from one to another from the base 54 to the end 48 in accordance with the bending curvature of the bent portion 33. In the latter period, the weight of the caregiver is easy to apply and the force is easily applied, and the weight is relatively heavy. In addition, the chair 19 which is pivotally attached to the chair attachment portion 33 is a four-bar double link mechanism in which the bar-shaped link B41 is a fixed link. Deemed supported Since the chair 19 is pushed up from the joint B by the link 38 as shown in FIG. 4, the chair 19 can move upward while keeping the joint C and the joint A as a rotation axis. When the adjusting screw 6 is depressurized and the fitting length between the bar-shaped link 38 and the link receiver 7 is changed, the total length of the link changes, and the angle of the chair 19 with respect to the floor surface and the movement of the chair 19 when moving upward. The angle between the chair 19 and the floor can be changed appropriately.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows a state in which the seating surface 16 of the chair 19 is stopped at the substantially upper end. In this state, the caregiver 2 operates the handle portion 24 of the stopper operating lever 23 so that the positioning ring 22 penetrates in the direction of arrow F. By pressing until it comes into contact with the hole 34, a force acts on the fine hole 18 of the movable shaft 14, and the movable shaft rotates around the mounting screw 43 to an angle A shown in FIG. Since it moves while rotating on the floor surface 12, friction can be reduced and driving can be performed with a light force. In addition, the contact position between the wheel 8 and the floor surface 12 is lower than the center of gravity of the whole chair including the seated disabled person 17. The seat 17 of the chair 19 can be stably stopped almost at the upper end (at a height of about 35 cm from the floor surface 12). The disabled 17 can use both hands by himself from this position to use the armrest 20 of the chair 19. While holding down The disabled 17 who can stand up and transfer to a wheelchair or the like and cannot transfer to a wheelchair or the like by himself can also receive assistance from the helper 2.
[0012]
Next, contrary to the above operation, the assisting tool can also be used to make the standing invalid 17 sit on the floor surface 12 or the like. As shown in FIG. After the patient 2 stands still and the invalid 17 is seated on the seating surface 16, the caregiver 2 operates the handle portion 24 of the stopper operation lever 23 until the positioning ring 21 contacts the through hole 34 in the direction opposite to the arrow F. By pulling, a force acts on the small hole 18 of the movable shaft 14, and the movable shaft rotates around the mounting screw 43 up to the angle A shown in FIG. By moving the chair upward, the chair 19 is moved downward to the lowermost end as shown in FIG. 1 by leverage with the bent portion 13 as a fulcrum, and the disabled 17 can easily sit on the floor. .
[0013]
When the assistant 2 drives the handle 25 upward, the dimensions of the lever are determined so that the lever 25 can be driven with a force of about one-third of the weight of the disabled 17. The object can be achieved by loosening the fixing screw 3 and changing the distance between the handle 25 of the frame 1 and the bent portion 13.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the standing assistance tool of the present invention has the purpose of raising a weak patient with weak legs and lower limbs from the floor or the like without requiring the assistance person to use much force by utilizing the leverage action. , A form that can be achieved with a simple configuration has been realized.
[0015]
In addition, the standing assistance tool of the present invention can move a chair on which a disabled person can be seated in a vertical direction by pivotally attaching to a frame by a four-bar linkage mechanism and driving a handle portion with the helper's force. With this configuration, the angle between the chair and the floor when the chair moves upward can be appropriately changed, and the invalid can be safely moved in the vertical direction.
[0016]
In addition, since the seating surface of the chair of the standing assistance tool of the present invention is provided with stopper means that can be operated by a caregiver so that the chair can be stopped at substantially the upper end of the vertical movement, the disabled can be safely stopped at the substantially upper end of the movement. It is possible to further assist the disabled, such as the caregiver lifting his / her hand off the handle and supporting the hand of the disabled.
[0017]
In addition, since the standing assistance tool of the present invention has the bending curvature of the bent portion serving as the fulcrum of the lever with a radius of 100 to 200 mm, the assistance tool is lifted relatively lightly at the initial stage when it is difficult to apply the force of the helper. In the latter period, when the weight is easy to apply and the force is easily applied, the product becomes relatively heavy and easy to operate.
[0018]
In addition, since the standing assistance tool of the present invention is formed so that the distance between the handle portion and the bent portion of the frame body can be changed, the driving force of the assistance person can be changed, and the outer dimensions are reduced when not in use. There is an advantage that storage is not bulky.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration and an implementation method of a standing assistance tool.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration and an implementation method of a standing assistance tool.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a frame of a component.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a moving state of a component part chair.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration and an implementation method of a conventional example.
1 frame, 16 seats, 19 chairs, 25 handles, 13 bends, 33 chair attachments, 42 stoppers.
