【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、病人や高齢者が、腰かけた椅子から他人の力を借りることなく自力で容易に立ち上がることが出来る自然に立ち上がれる自力助長椅子に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、腰かけた椅子から立ち上がる時、腕の力を使わずに、膝と脚だけで立ち上がることは極めて困難で、健康な人でも、通常は、肘掛け部についた手を伸ばすことで、全体重を持ち上げ腰を浮かせ、それまで座板にかかっていた荷重を膝と脚に体重を移し、膝と脚の力で真っ直ぐ、に立ち上がる動作を行っている。
【０００３】
しかし、健康な人でも、肘掛け部に手や腕の力で体重を支え、腰を持ち上げることは容易でなく、膝と脚には大きな負担がかかることになり、まして、体力のない病人や高齢者は、手や腕の力、更には膝と脚が弱いことから、自分の力だけでは椅子から自然に立ち上がることは極めて容易でない現状にある。
【０００４】
そのため、従来、肘掛け部の前部を力点としたてこ作用を利用して座板を前方に傾斜させ、立ち上がり易く介助する椅子がある。（例えば、特許文献１参照）
【特許文献１】意匠登録第１０７５８２８号（斜視図）
【０００５】
又、モーター等の機械力を利用して作動させるものも提案されている。（例えば、特許文献２参照）
【特許文献２】特開２００１−１７８７７９
【０００６】
更に、ばねを利用して立ち上がりを介助する構成の提案もある。（例えば、特許文献３参照）
【特許文献３】特開平１０−１７９６４４
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の提案である特許文献１の構成は、肘掛け部自体の中央部に支点を設け、その後部と座板の後部をリンクさせたもので、立ち上がる時、肘掛け部の前部を腕で押し下げ、その後部で座板１３を傾斜させ尻を持ち上げて、立ち上がり易くしたものと思われる。
【０００８】
しかし、肘掛け部の前部を腕で押し下げると、横方向のバランスに不安を感じ、腕でかなりの体重を支えなければならず、腕の力の弱い病弱者や高齢者は負担が大きく、多少の介助はなされても、立ち上がりづらく、肘掛け部の前部が上下に動作するものでは、実際には使いづらく、着座者の体幹と腕との間に隙間が生じず、介護者がいる場合には、介護者の腕が脇の下に入りにくく、抱きかかえにくい。
【０００９】
しかも、肘掛け部の前部を腕で押し下げると、座板の後端が持ち上がり、着座者の尻を持ち上げるが、腕には身体を後方に押す反作用が働き、重心移動の妨げとなり、立ち上がりづらい。
【００１０】
又、肘掛け部と座板の動作が一意的に決まっており、着座者が起立するには、一定の動作が強いられるので使いづらい。
【００１１】
特許文献２の機械力を使うものは、モーターは重く、コンセントに繋ぐ煩わしさや、設置場所が限られ、室内での移動が難しい。
【００１２】
特許文献３のばねを利用するものは、立ち上がる速度は、ばねに合わせる必要があり、融通が利かない。
【００１３】
本発明は、腕の力で体重を持ち上げ、腕でその体重を支えて立ち上がるのではなく、僅かな腕の力をてこの作用で助長し、更に、足裏にかかる体重の荷重を利用して、自分だけの力で容易に立ち上がることが出来る自力を助長する椅子を提案したもので、特に、肘掛け部は上下動作でなく、座面の両横方向に押し開く動作を特徴としたものであって、上体を前傾させ自然な状態で立ち上がれ、更に、着座者の脇に作業空間が発生することで、介護者が抱きかかえやすくしたものである。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、肘掛け部１を有する枠体２の上面に座板３を設けてなる肘掛け椅子に於て、座板３下面の前端近くを、枠体２に設けた樞着軸４に樞着して可傾自在とすると共に、座板３の下面に、肘掛け部１を支えて両側に横開きする作動杆５の先端の自在ボール部５ａを当接する。
【００１５】
作動杆５の支点となる樞着部６は、押上板７に設け、当該押上板７の下縁は、枠体２の下部枠体に設け支点軸８に可傾自在に樞着したてこ踏板９の後縁に固定して、てこ踏板９の先端に荷重がかかることにより作動杆５の樞着部６を押し上げるようにする。
【００１６】
従って、肘掛け部１に手をかけ横方向に押し開くことにより、作動杆５のてこ作用で座板３が前傾され、椅子から立ち上がる人の重心が前傾移動すると同時に、てこ踏板９にかかる体重荷重により座板３の前傾が更に強まり、突き出る肘掛け部１と共に腰を押し出し、立ち上がろうとする人の力を助長し、自力で極めて容易に立ち上がれるようにしたことを特徴としたものである。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、椅子の、座板３を可傾自在としてその下面に、肘掛け部１を支える両側の横開きの作動杆５先端の自在ボール部５ａを当接し、作動杆５の支点となる樞着部６を設けた押上板７の下縁を、枠体２の下部枠体の支点軸８に可傾自在に樞着したてこ踏板９の後縁に固定して、てこ踏板９の先端に荷重をかけることにより、押上板７と共に、作動杆５の樞着部６を更に押し上げるようにしたものである。
【００１８】
椅子に腰かけた人が立ち上がろうとする場合、先ず、肘掛け部１に手をかけ腕の力で座面の横方向に押し開くと、両方の作動杆５が樞着部６を支点に、てこの作用点となる先端の自在ボール部５ａを押し上げ、これに当接せしめた座板３を押し上げる。
【００１９】
この場合、腕を座面の両横方向に押し開く動作により、左右の手の位置と肩の位置が一直線上に並ぼうとする為、上体を前傾させることになり、上体の重心移動を妨げるのではなく、左右への重心バランスが取りやすくなり、よろけることなく着座者の上体が前方に押し出されて、重心の前方移動が促進され、立ち上がりやすくなる。
【００２０】
更に、肘掛け部の形状、又は、作動杆５の回転方向により、肩，手首の関節が回転し、手の甲が後方を向き、より上体を前方に押し出す効果がある。
【００２１】
すると、図３のように、腰かけた木の膝が伸びながら尻ａが持ち上がり、体の重心が前方に移動し、さらに、腕ｂがやや後方につっ張ることから、頭ｃと胸部ｄが突き出て、移動した体重の重心は膝ｅの直上付近をやや越す位置になる。
【００２２】
このとき、てこ踏板９の前縁に当接してある両足の踵に、体重の荷重が移動したことになり、図４のように、てこ踏板９の後縁がてこ作用で押上板７を押上げ、その上部の作動杆５の自在ボール部５ａに接する座板３後部も更に押上げて、その上の尻ａを持ち上げて押し出し、身体の上体が膝の直上に移って直立の状態になる。
【００２３】
この場合、押上板７の前傾につれて、これに樞着部６を持つ作動杆５の肘掛け部１も前に押し出され、肘掛け部１を握った手と共に身体の上体も押し出され、前方への身体の重心移動を助ける。
【００２４】
又、作動杆５の先端は、腕が肘掛け部１を押す作用と、踵がてこ踏板９を踏む作用とで座板３を押し上げるが、このとき、作動杆５の先端は、着座者の操作に応じて自由に可動するため、着座者の意志に追従し、任意の動作で立ち上がることが出来る。
【００２５】
着座者が肘掛け部１に手を置き、てこ踏板９を介護者が踏むと、着座者の重心が高まり、着座者が介護者に接近して体幹と腕の間に隙間が発生し、抱きかかえやすくなる。
【００２６】
即ち、本願では肘掛け部の腕の横開き動作のみで、座板３の傾斜が重心を移動させて、立つ人の力を助長し、腕にも膝にも殆ど力の負担をかけずに、自分の力のみで身体を容易に垂直状態にさせ、立ち上がりを容易にさせることが出来る。
【００２７】
従って、病弱者や力の弱い高齢者でも、自分の小さな手の力のみで、膝や脚への体重負担を殆どかけない状態で、自然な状態ですっくと立ち上がることが出来る。又、本発明は構造が簡易な為、請求項１の発明は、車椅子や自動車のシート、あるいは、洋式便座の場合にも応用可能で、請求項２の発明は、脚部のない座椅子の場合にも応用可能である。
【００２８】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、肘掛け部１を支えて座板両側の横方向に押し開く作動杆５のてこ作用と、同時に、てこ踏板９の先端に体重荷重をかけることにより、可傾自在の座板３後部を、強い傾斜で押し上げるようにしたもので、重厚な機構だけで解決したものではなく、簡素な機構と人間工学を合わせた解決策を提供したものである。
【００２９】
即ち、一般に椅子からの立ち上がりに腕力，脚力を必要とするのに対し、本発明では、てこ作用で、僅かな腕の力をきっかけに容易に立ち上がれるもので、可動自由な作用点により、腕力，脚力に応じた配分で起立でき、座板３の傾斜作動が腰かけた人の立ち上がる力を助長して、腕にかかる力を著しく軽減し、膝や脚への体重負担が殆どない状態で、自然な状態ですっくと立ち上がることが出来る効果があり、病弱者や力の弱い高齢者でも、自分の小さな力のみで、極めて楽に立ち上がることが出来る効果を得たものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の側面図である。
【図２】本発明の正面図である。
【図３】本発明の使用状態を示す側面図である。
【図４】本発明の使用状態を示す側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 肘掛け部
２ 枠体
３ 座板
４ 樞着軸
５ 作動杆
６ 樞着部
７ 押上板
８ 支点軸
９ てこ踏板[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-supporting chair that can be easily raised by a sick person or an elderly person and can easily stand up by himself without using the power of others from a seated chair.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, it is extremely difficult to get up from a seated chair with only your knees and legs without using the strength of your arms.Even a healthy person usually reaches out to the armrests to reach the overall weight. He lifts his hips, shifts the weight that had been applied to the seat plate to the knees and legs, and stands up straight with the power of the knees and legs.
[0003]
However, it is not easy for even a healthy person to support the weight with the power of the hands and arms on the armrests, and it is not easy to lift the hips, which places a heavy burden on the knees and legs. Because of the weakness of the hands and arms, as well as the strength of the knees and legs, it is not very easy for a person to stand up naturally from his chair alone.
[0004]
Therefore, conventionally, there is a chair which inclines the seat plate forward by using a leverage action with the front part of the armrest as a point of emphasis, and is easy to stand up and assist. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
[Patent Document 1] Design Registration No. 1075828 (perspective view)
[0005]
In addition, a device that operates by using mechanical force such as a motor has been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 2)
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2001-178779
[0006]
Further, there is a proposal of a configuration for assisting the rising using a spring. (For example, see Patent Document 3)
[Patent Document 3] JP-A-10-179644
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The configuration of Patent Document 1, which is a conventional proposal, is to provide a fulcrum at the center of the armrest itself and link the rear part and the rear part of the seat plate, and when standing up, push down the front part of the armrest with an arm, It is considered that the seat plate 13 was inclined at the rear part to raise the buttocks to make it easy to stand up.
[0008]
However, if you push down the front of the armrest with your arms, you will feel uneasy about the balance in the lateral direction, you will have to support a considerable weight with your arms, and the weak and elderly people with weak arms have a heavy burden, If it is difficult to get up and the front part of the armrest moves up and down, it is difficult to actually use it, there is no gap between the trunk and arm of the seated person, and there is a caregiver In this case, the caregiver's arm is less likely to enter the armpit and is less likely to be held.
[0009]
In addition, when the front part of the armrest is pushed down with the arm, the rear end of the seat plate is lifted and the butt of the occupant is lifted, but the reaction of pushing the body backwards acts on the arm, hindering the movement of the center of gravity and making it difficult to stand up.
[0010]
In addition, the movements of the armrest and the seat plate are uniquely determined, and when the occupant stands up, a certain movement is forced, so that it is difficult to use.
[0011]
The motor using the mechanical force disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a heavy motor, hassle of connecting to an outlet, has a limited installation place, and is difficult to move indoors.
[0012]
In the case of using the spring of Patent Literature 3, the rising speed needs to be adjusted to that of the spring, and is inflexible.
[0013]
The present invention raises the weight by the force of the arm, and does not stand up with the weight supported by the arm, but rather uses the force of the lever to leverage the slight force of the arm and further utilizes the weight load applied to the sole of the foot It proposes a chair that can easily stand up with its own power and promotes its own strength. In particular, the armrests are characterized by the fact that they do not push up and down, but push open both sides of the seat. Thus, the caregiver can easily hold the upper body by leaning forward and standing up in a natural state, and further creating a work space beside the seated person.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an armchair in which a seat plate 3 is provided on an upper surface of a frame 2 having an armrest portion 1, and a portion near the front end of the lower surface of the seat plate 3 is connected to a connecting shaft 4 provided on the frame 2. The arm 3 is supported on the lower surface of the seat plate 3 and a free ball portion 5a at the tip of an operating rod 5 that opens sideways on both sides is brought into contact with the lower surface of the seat plate 3.
[0015]
A pivot portion 6 serving as a fulcrum of the operating rod 5 is provided on a push-up plate 7, and a lower edge of the push-up plate 7 is provided on a lower frame of the frame 2 and is pivotally connected to a fulcrum shaft 8 so as to be tiltable. 9, the load is applied to the tip of the lever tread 9, and the linkage 6 of the operating rod 5 is pushed up.
[0016]
Therefore, by placing the hand on the armrest 1 and pushing it open in the lateral direction, the seat plate 3 is tilted forward by the leverage action of the operating rod 5, and the center of gravity of the person standing up from the chair moves forward and at the same time, is applied to the lever tread 9 It is characterized in that the forward inclination of the seat plate 3 is further strengthened by the weight load, the hips are pushed out together with the protruding armrests 1, and the power of the person trying to stand up is promoted, so that the person can stand up very easily by himself. .
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a free ball portion 5a at the end of a laterally open operating rod 5 supporting both sides of an armrest 1 is brought into contact with the lower surface of a seat plate 3 of a chair which can be tilted freely. The lower edge of the push-up plate 7 provided with the attachment portion 6 is fixed to the rear edge of the lever tread 9 which is tiltably connected to the fulcrum shaft 8 of the lower frame of the frame 2, and is attached to the tip of the lever tread 9. By applying a load, the linking portion 6 of the operating rod 5 together with the push-up plate 7 is further pushed up.
[0018]
When a person sitting on a chair is going to stand up, first put his hand on the armrest 1 and push it open in the lateral direction of the seat surface with the force of his arm. The free ball portion 5a at the tip serving as an action point is pushed up, and the seat plate 3 brought into contact with this is pushed up.
[0019]
In this case, the position of the right and left hands and the position of the shoulder are aligned in a straight line by the operation of pushing the arms open in both lateral directions of the seating surface, so that the upper body is inclined forward, and the center of gravity of the upper body Rather than hindering the movement, it is easier to balance the center of gravity to the left and right, the upper body of the occupant is pushed forward without swaying, and the forward movement of the center of gravity is promoted, so that it becomes easier to stand up.
[0020]
Further, according to the shape of the armrest portion or the rotating direction of the operating rod 5, the joints of the shoulder and the wrist are rotated, and the back of the hand is directed rearward, and the upper body is pushed forward.
[0021]
Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the hips a rise while the knees of the sitting tree are extended, and the center of gravity of the body moves forward, and further, the arm b is stretched slightly backward, so that the head c and the chest d protrude. Thus, the center of gravity of the moved weight is located at a position slightly above the vicinity immediately above the knee e.
[0022]
At this time, the weight load has been transferred to the heels of both feet which are in contact with the front edges of the lever treads 9, and as shown in FIG. 4, the rear edge of the lever tread 9 pushes the push-up plate 7 by the lever action. The rear part of the seat plate 3 in contact with the free ball portion 5a of the operating rod 5 on the upper part is further pushed up, and the buttocks a on the upper part are lifted and pushed out, so that the upper body of the body moves right above the knees and becomes upright. Become.
[0023]
In this case, as the push-up plate 7 is tilted forward, the armrest 1 of the operating rod 5 having the linkage 6 is also pushed forward, and the upper body of the body is pushed out together with the hand holding the armrest 1 and forward. Helps the body's center of gravity move.
[0024]
Further, the tip of the operating rod 5 pushes up the seat plate 3 by the action of the arm pressing the armrest 1 and the action of the heel stepping on the tread plate 9. At this time, the tip of the operating rod 5 is operated by the seated person. It can move freely according to the position of the person, and can follow the will of the occupant and can stand up by any operation.
[0025]
When the occupant puts his hand on the armrest 1 and the caregiver steps on the lever tread 9, the occupant's center of gravity increases, and the occupant approaches the caregiver, creating a gap between the trunk and the arm. Easy to carry.
[0026]
That is, in the present application, only the side-opening operation of the arm of the armrest portion, the inclination of the seat plate 3 shifts the center of gravity, promotes the power of a standing person, and hardly applies a load on the arm or the knee, The body can be easily brought to a vertical state only by one's own power, and the standing can be made easy.
[0027]
Therefore, even the sick and the weak elderly can stand up in a natural state with little weight on their knees and legs with only their small hand strength. Further, since the present invention has a simple structure, the invention of claim 1 can be applied to the case of a wheelchair or an automobile seat or a Western-style toilet seat, and the invention of claim 2 can be applied to a chair without legs. It is also applicable to the case.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention provides a lever portion of the operating lever 5 which supports the armrest portion 1 and pushes the seat plate in the lateral direction on both sides thereof, and simultaneously applies a weight load to the tip of the lever tread plate 9 so that the rear portion of the tiltable seat plate 3 is provided. Is pushed up with a strong inclination, and not only a heavy mechanism is solved but also a solution combining a simple mechanism and ergonomics.
[0029]
That is, in general, arm strength and leg strength are required for standing up from a chair, whereas in the present invention, a slight arm force can be used to trigger the arm to easily stand up. , Can be erected by the distribution according to the leg strength, the tilting operation of the seat plate 3 promotes the standing force of the seated person, significantly reduces the force applied to the arm, and hardly bears weight on the knees and legs. It has the effect of being able to stand up in a natural state, and has the effect that even the sick and weak elderly can stand up very easily with only their own small power.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a use state of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a use state of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Armrest part 2 Frame body 3 Seat plate 4 Joint shaft 5 Operating rod 6 Joint part 7 Push-up plate 8 Support shaft 9 Lever tread plate
