JP2004197543A - Unit type metal-made underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with thick film type semipermanent rustproofing and corrosion proofing coating, to remarkably reduce the total construction cost by simplifying the works at site, and to remarkably improve durability by securing excellent rust-proof and corrosion preventing performance. <P>SOLUTION: In an underground garage, two or more sets of split units 1U, 1D of two upper and lower U-shaped rigid frame structure manufactured in a factory are carried in a building site, the upper and lower split units 1U, iD of the respective sets are joined with the parting end parts butted on a concrete foundation 13 to assemble a square rigid frame structure, and the two or more adjacent thus assembled underground units 1 are joined to each other, thereby constituting the earthquake-resisting wall structure. Concrete placing metal plates 6, 6 forming rustproofing and corrosion preventing concrete covering parts 7, 7 with cast-in-place concrete are previously fixed and supported on the outside of the wall structures 2Wu, 2Wd of the respective split units 1U, 1D. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention manufactures a metal underground unit composed of a wall, a ceiling, and a floor body having a steel frame as a core material and a metal outer plate such as a steel plate fixed to the outside thereof, and manufactures the metal underground unit. A plurality of units are carried to the construction site and installed in a state where the whole or part is embedded in the ground, and an underground garage constructed by joining them together, or a plurality of metal underground units Installed in a state where the whole or part is buried under the floor of a residential building, under the ground, in the yard or under the carport, etc., and joined together to expand the living space and secure storage space for various goods The present invention relates to a unit-type metal underground structure such as a basement constructed so as to be able to be constructed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a unit-type metal underground structure of this type, the present inventor has proposed a method of assembling a wall structure, a ceiling structure, and a floor structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core members in the short side direction. The metal underground unit, which is configured as a □ -shaped ramen structure, is divided along the horizontal plane at the middle of the wall structure in the vertical direction. One set of two divided units is carried into the construction site in a unit separated state, and in each set, two divided units are divided into two on the concrete foundation formed at the bottom of the excavation hole of the construction site. By joining fixedly at the end of the cross section along the horizontal plane, a plurality of metal underground units with a □ -shaped rigid frame structure are assembled in rows in the short side direction, and the assembled We have already proposed a technology that enables the construction of an underground room (an example of an underground structure) with a predetermined length in the long side direction by joining adjacent units of a metal underground unit to each other. Application No. 2002-50505).
[0003]
In addition, the present inventor proposes that a wall structure, a ceiling structure, and a floor structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core members are formed into a □ -shaped rigid frame structure in a short side direction. The metal underground unit is divided along the horizontal plane at the middle part in the vertical direction of the wall structure and the vertical plane at the middle part in the width direction of the ceiling structure and floor structure. A set of four divided units, two each for the upper and lower and left and right sides, which are configured in a ramen structure, are transported to the construction site in a unit separated state, and the four divided units in each group are connected to the construction site. In the concrete foundation formed at the bottom of the excavation hole, the fixed unit is fixedly joined with the horizontal plane of each divided unit and the end of the cross section along the horizontal plane, so that a plurality of Metal basement units are assembled in rows, and adjacent units of the assembled metal basement units are joined to each other to form a basement (shoulder structure) with a predetermined length in the long side direction. Has already been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-242694).
[0004]
All of the unit-type metal underground structures proposed by the inventor with the above-described configuration are manufactured at the factory as a single box-type underground unit having a □ -type ramen structure, which is a completed product of the underground structure, Compared to the conventional general unit-type underground structure, a plurality of this box-type underground unit is transported to the construction site as it is by truck, etc., unloaded using a crane, etc., and installed underground. In addition to reducing the size and weight of the factory-manufactured split units, the bulk during transportation from the factory to the construction site can be reduced. It is possible to unload and install all the processes from factory production to transportation and completion of construction at the construction site in a consistent manner. As compared with the case of handling a type underground unit alone, the effect of improving the remainder there economic effects and construction efficiency to compensate for the increase in the construction costs associated with bonding steps increase in construction site is obtained.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the unit-type metal underground structure proposed by the present inventors as described above, as a rust preventive and anticorrosive measure which is indispensable with the use of a metal material such as a steel frame or a steel plate, a metal outer plate is required. The means of applying a thick-film type semi-permanent anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion coating to the entire outer surface of the unit must not only use a large amount of very expensive special coating material, but also cover the entire outer surface of each divided unit. High technology and a great deal of time are spent in the painting work to form a coating film of uniform thickness, which is one of the causes of the increase in the cost of manufacturing division units in factories. The problem remains that the promotion of the construction cost reduction effect accompanying the introduction is limited.
[0006]
The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and eliminates the need for a thick-film semi-permanent rust-proof and anti-corrosion coating, and also makes the construction on site extremely simple to significantly reduce the total construction cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a unit-type metal underground structure capable of securing excellent rust prevention and corrosion prevention performance and achieving a significant improvement in durability while achieving it.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a unit-type metal underground structure according to the present invention includes a horizontal plane and a plurality of cores in a vertically intermediate portion of a wall structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed outside a plurality of core members. At least one of a ceiling structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a steel frame and a vertical surface at an intermediate portion in a width direction of a floor structure is cut along a substantially U-shape at a factory manufacturing stage. Alternatively, a plurality of divided units configured in a substantially L-shaped ramen structure are set as one set, and the plurality of sets are transported to a construction site in a unit separated state, and the plurality of divided units in each set are formed at the bottom of the excavation hole. A plurality of metal underground units with a □ -type rigid frame structure in the short side direction by fixedly joining the divided units along the horizontal plane, vertical plane, or horizontal and vertical surfaces of the divided units on the concrete foundation But Unit-type metal underground structure that is constructed in a shape, and by joining adjacent units of the plurality of assembled metal underground units to each other, to form a predetermined length of earthquake-resistant wall structure in the long side direction Outside the wall structure in each of the divided units, a concrete casting metal plate capable of forming a concrete covering portion on the outer surface of the wall structure portion by concrete casting at a construction site is manufactured at a factory manufacturing stage. , And is fixedly supported in advance.
[0008]
According to the present invention having the above-described structure, an underground unit constructed to have a □ -shaped rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a predetermined length in the long side direction in the completed construction state has an underground unit constructed in the wall structure body. At the stage of factory production, a horizontal U-shaped or substantially L-shaped ramen structure is cut off along the horizontal plane at the middle part in the vertical direction or the vertical plane at the middle part in the width direction of the ceiling structure and the floor structure, or both surfaces. Since the unit is composed of a plurality of divided units, the unit can be reduced in size and weight, and the bulk during transportation can be reduced, so that it can be transported safely and economically by a small truck and easily and safely by a small crane. It is economical and unloading and installation is possible.Compared to the case where the box type unit alone is handled as it is throughout the entire process from factory production to transportation and completion of construction at the construction site The effect of improving the economic effect and construction efficiency can be obtained.
[0009]
In addition, after the construction, concrete is cast between the concrete casting metal plate fixed and supported in advance at the factory manufacturing stage and the outer surface of the wall structure outside the wall structure in each division unit. It is possible to form a concrete covering part with excellent rust and corrosion prevention performance on the outer surface of the wall structure only by performing extremely simple on-site construction. Expensive materials must be used on the entire outer surface of the metal outer panel of the wall structure, and the painting work for thick-film semi-permanent rust prevention and corrosion prevention that requires advanced technology and a great deal of time is omitted. Is possible, and the unit manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.
[0010]
In addition, when forming a concrete covering part for rust prevention and corrosion prevention on the outer surface of the wall structure, a soil retaining work including a metal retaining earth plate was constructed in advance around the planned construction site, and it was constructed with the earth retaining metal plate. It is also conceivable to cast concrete between the outer surface of the wall structure in the later underground unit to form a predetermined concrete covering part, but in this case, for example, a loam layer often seen in the Kanto region, etc. When constructing an underground structure in a geological area where there is no risk of landslides due to excavation or where there is enough room for the site area, a concrete covering part is formed despite the fact that open cuts can sufficiently cope with it In order to do so, it is necessary to construct earth retaining works, which will cause an increase in site construction costs. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the metal plate for concrete casting is fixed and supported in advance on the outside of the wall structure in each division unit, for example, the area or site area having the geology such as the loam layer in the Kanto area. In the construction of a place where there is enough room for it and it can be dealt with simply by the open cut method, concrete covering for rust prevention and corrosion prevention while reducing construction work by omitting earth retaining work Can be formed reliably and easily, and the reduction of the total construction cost can be further promoted in combination with the reduction of the unit manufacturing cost described above.
[0011]
As an underground structure targeted by the present invention, as described in claim 2, an underground garage constructed so as to be entirely or partially embedded in the ground, or as described in claim 3, It may be either a basement constructed entirely or partially embedded in the ground. Here, when the basement is targeted, the metal outer plates of the wall structure and the ceiling structure in the plurality of divided units constituting each metal basement unit are taken from the viewpoint of enhancing the livability and the long-term storage of the stored articles. It is desirable to form a heat insulation layer in the space between the inner plate and the inner plate attached to the inside of the core steel frame.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a completed construction state of a metal underground garage as an example of a unit-type metal underground structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. This is a longitudinal front view along the line, and any number of metals that are standardized in dimensions and shape at the factory, are manufactured to the same specifications and have the same structure, and are assembled at the construction site in the short-side direction in a □ -shaped rigid frame structure (Steel) underground units 1... Are fixed in a row on a concrete solid foundation 13 formed at the bottom of an underground excavation hole so that their short sides are continuous, and adjacent steel underground units 1, 1 ... are joined to each other in a watertight state, and the end wall 11 is fixedly joined to the open end of the steel mold underground unit 1 at one end in the row direction, and the steel mold basement is attached at the other end in the row direction. Leave the open end of unit 1 open By configuring the vehicle doorway E leading to the oblique road SR, steel underground garage UG of shear wall structure is constructed in the depth direction has a predetermined depth dimension D (the longitudinal direction).
[0013]
Each of the plurality of steel underground units 1... Constituting such a steel underground garage UG is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a half of the height dimension H of the wall structure 2 </ b> W. It is divided into upper and lower halves by a line L1 along a horizontal plane with a corresponding intermediate height h, and is formed into two upper and lower divided units 1U and 1D having a substantially U-shaped frame structure at the stage of factory production. Among them, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper division unit 1U is composed of two opposing dividing wall structures 2Wu, 2Wu and one ceiling structure 2C connecting them, and the lower division unit 1D is , Two opposing divided wall structures 2Wd, 2Wd and one floor structure 2F connecting them, and the upper and lower two divided units 1U, 1D having such a configuration are divided along the horizontal plane at the construction site. The steel underground units 1 having a □ -shaped rigid frame structure are assembled and configured in the short side direction by fixedly joining the parts in abutting state.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 4, the dividing wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd, the ceiling structure 2C and the floor structure 2F in the upper and lower two divided units 1U and 1D are respectively arranged at an appropriate pitch such as a channel steel or an H-shaped steel. A metal outer plate 4 made of a steel plate or the like is fixed to the outer arranged portions 3a of the core steel members 3, and the core steel members 3 of the dividing wall structures 2Wu, 2Wd in the upper and lower divided units 1U, 1D. 3, metal joining plate members 8u and 8d are fixed by welding or the like, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5, and these plate members 8u and 8d are sealed with a waterproof sealing material therebetween. The two upper and lower division units 1U and 1D can be fixedly joined to each other in a state where the end portions of the divided wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd abut against each other by tightening the bolts and nuts 10 with the 9 interposed therebetween.
[0015]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the dividing wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd in the upper and lower two divided units 1U and 1D are connected to each other through connecting members 5 and 5 such as a reinforcing steel bar or an angle steel material. Concrete casting metal plates 6, 6 such as iron plates having the same size as the bodies 2Wu, 2Wd are fixed and supported in advance in a parallel posture with the dividing wall structures 2Wu, 2Wd at the stage of factory production. After constructing an underground garage UG having a □ -shaped rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a shear-resistant wall structure in the longitudinal direction, the dividing wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd in the upper and lower divided units 1U and 1D of each underground unit 1. Concrete is cast between the concrete casting metal plates 6 and 6 opposed to the concrete, so that the concrete coating portions 7 and 7 for rust prevention and corrosion prevention are provided on the outer surfaces of the divided wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd. It has been made.
[0016]
The rear wall 11 is also formed by fixing a metal outer plate such as a steel plate to the outside of a core steel such as channel steel. A metal plate 6a for concrete casting is fixed and supported in advance outside the rear wall 11 via a connecting member 5a similarly to the division units 1U and 1D, and the concrete casting after the construction of the underground garage UG causes the concrete casting metal plate 6a. A concrete coating 7a for rust and corrosion prevention is formed on the outer surface.
[0017]
As described above, at the factory manufacturing stage, each of the divided units 1U and 1D has a substantially U-shaped frame structure, so that the divided unit alone can be reduced in size and weight, and when transported to the construction site, for example, as shown in FIG. As shown in (1), by overlapping each of the divided units by shifting them by the thickness of the wall structure, the ceiling structure, and the floor structure, the overall bulk (compared to a single box-type unit) is reduced. (Height and width) can be reduced so that the vehicle can be transported by a small truck, and the limit height for road transportation and the difficulty and safety of transportation on narrow roads can be overcome. It is also possible to use a small crane for unloading from trucks and for construction work at the construction site, and the units lifted by the crane may interfere with electric wires or other obstacles around the site. It is no longer possible to swing under the influence of wind or the like, and it is possible to easily and safely perform unloading and construction work.
[0018]
On the other hand, after the construction of the underground units 1..., The concrete casting metal plates 6 and 6 and the wall structures fixed and supported in advance at the factory manufacturing stage outside the wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd in each of the divided units 1U and 1D. Only by performing a very simple on-site construction of placing concrete between the outer surfaces of the bodies 2Wu and 2Wd, concrete covering portions 7 and 7 having excellent rust and corrosion prevention performance are formed on the outer surfaces of the wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd. When manufacturing the upper and lower division units 1U and 1D at the factory, expensive materials are formed on the entire outer surfaces of the metal outer plates 4 and 4 of the wall structures 2Wu and 2Wd in each division unit. In addition, it is possible to omit the painting work for thick film type semi-permanent rust prevention and corrosion prevention which requires the use of a high-tech and a large amount of time and requires a great deal of time, and the unit manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.
[0019]
For example, in areas where there is no risk of landslides due to excavation, such as the loam layer that is common in the Kanto region, and where there is sufficient room for the site area, metal A method of omitting the earth retaining work such as erection of a board, and simply constructing the underground garage UG by open-cutting is adopted. The rust prevention can be achieved simply by placing concrete between the concrete casting metal plates 6, 6 previously fixedly supported on the outside of the wall structures 2Wu, 2Wd and the outer surfaces of the wall structures 2Wu, 2Wd. The anticorrosion concrete coatings 7, 7 can be formed reliably and easily, and combined with the reduction of site construction costs due to the omission of earth retaining work and the reduction of unit manufacturing costs described above, comprehensive construction It is possible to achieve a significant reduction of the use.
[0020]
Note that, in the above embodiment, two upper and lower approximately factory-manufactured parts are cut at a line L1 along a horizontal plane having an intermediate portion height h corresponding to one half of the height dimension H of the wall structure 2W. Although the single unit of the underground unit 1 is assembled and assembled by joining the divided units 1U and 1D of the character-shaped ramen structure, instead of this, for example, as shown in FIG. L1, the ceiling structure 2C, and the floor structure 2F are divided by a line L2 along a vertical plane at a position deviated to one side in the width direction with respect to a half of the width dimension W of the floor structure 2F. The four sub-units 1UL, 1UR, 1DL, 1DR having a substantially L-shaped rigid frame structure are manufactured at the factory and these four sub-units 1UL, 1UR, 1DL, 1DR are joined to form a single unit of the underground unit 1. Although not shown in the figure, the underground is obtained by joining the two left and right approximately U-shaped frame-structured dividing units that are divided only at the line L2 along the vertical plane and manufactured at the factory. The present invention may be applied to a unit in which the unit 1 is assembled.
[0021]
Further, in the above embodiment, the underground garage is constructed, but an underground room for the purpose of expanding a living space, securing a storage space for various articles, and expanding may be constructed. In this case, livability and accommodation are provided in the space between the metal outer plate 4 of the wall structure 2W (2Wu, 2Wd) and the ceiling structure 2C and the inner plate (not shown) attached inside the core steel frame 3. It is desirable to form a heat insulating layer in order to enhance long-term storage of the article.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, at the stage of factory production, by constituting a plurality of divided units having a substantially U-shaped or substantially L-shaped rigid frame structure, a single unit can be reduced in size and weight, The bulk during transportation can be reduced, and safe and economical transportation by light trucks and easy, safe and economical unloading and installation by small cranes are possible, from factory production to transportation and construction at construction sites. Compared to a case where the box-type unit alone is handled as it is throughout the entire process up to the completion, an overall economic effect and an improvement effect of the construction efficiency can be obtained.
[0023]
In addition, after the construction of the underground unit, concrete is poured between the concrete casting metal plate fixed and supported in advance at the factory stage outside the wall structure of each divided unit and the outer surface of the wall structure. By simply performing on-site construction, a concrete covering with excellent rust and corrosion prevention performance can be formed on the outer surface of the wall structure. The coating work for the thick film type semi-permanent rust prevention and corrosion prevention over the entire outer surface of the outer plate is omitted, and the unit manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced. In particular, when constructing a site with geological features such as the loam layer in the Kanto region or a site where there is sufficient room and the site can be handled simply by the open cut method, the construction of earth retaining work is omitted. That the concrete coating for rust prevention and corrosion prevention can be reliably and easily formed while reducing the construction cost on site, thereby achieving a remarkable reduction in the total construction cost in conjunction with the reduction in the unit production cost described above. This has the effect that it can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a completed construction of a metal underground garage as an example of a unitary metal underground structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part showing a configuration of a wall, a ceiling, and a floor structure in a divided unit.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a joint structure of the upper and lower divided units.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a configuration of a division unit in a stage of being manufactured at a factory.
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view illustrating a state in which two upper and lower divided units are overlapped during transportation.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing the configuration of another embodiment in which the underground unit is divided into four.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground unit 1U, 1UL, 1UR Upper division unit 1D, 1DL, 1DR Lower division unit 2W Wall structure 2Wu, 2Wd Division wall structure 2C Ceiling structure 2F Floor structure 3 Core steel 4 Metal outer plate 6 Metal plate 7 for concrete casting Concrete covering 13 Concrete solid foundation UG Underground garage (an example of underground structure)

Claims (3)

A ceiling structure and a floor structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core members, a horizontal plane at an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the wall structure, and a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of the plurality of core members. Of the vertical surfaces at the middle in the width direction, at least one surface is cut along the at least one surface to form a set of a plurality of divided units configured in a substantially U-shaped or substantially L-shaped ramen structure at a factory manufacturing stage, The plurality of sets are transported to the construction site in a unit separated state, and the plurality of divided units in each set are arranged along a horizontal plane, a vertical plane, or both horizontal and vertical surfaces of each divided unit on a concrete foundation formed at the bottom of the excavation hole. By fixing and joining at the ends of the divided sections, a plurality of metal underground units having a □ -shaped rigid frame structure are assembled in a row in the short side direction, and next to these assembled metal underground units. By joining the units together to each other, a unitary metallic underground construction which is built shear wall structure having a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction,
Outside the wall structure in each divided unit, a concrete casting metal plate capable of forming a concrete covering portion on the outer surface of the wall structure by concrete casting at a construction site is fixed and supported in advance at a factory manufacturing stage. A metal underground structure of a unit type. The unit-type metal underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the target underground structure is an underground garage constructed so as to be entirely or partially embedded in the ground. The target underground structure is an underground room constructed in a state where the whole or a part thereof is embedded in the ground, and a metal structure of a wall structure and a ceiling structure in a plurality of divided units constituting each metal underground unit. The unit-type metal underground structure according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating layer is formed in a space between the outer plate and the inner plate attached inside the core steel frame.

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