JP2004190597A - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Swash plate compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004190597A
JP2004190597A JP2002360766A JP2002360766A JP2004190597A JP 2004190597 A JP2004190597 A JP 2004190597A JP 2002360766 A JP2002360766 A JP 2002360766A JP 2002360766 A JP2002360766 A JP 2002360766A JP 2004190597 A JP2004190597 A JP 2004190597A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
swash plate
contact surface
piston
side wall
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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JP2002360766A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kiyoshi Terauchi
清 寺内
Seiichi Yamamoto
清一 山本
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Sanden Corp
Original Assignee
Sanden Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sanden Corp filed Critical Sanden Corp
Priority to JP2002360766A priority Critical patent/JP2004190597A/en
Priority to US10/730,942 priority patent/US20040112210A1/en
Publication of JP2004190597A publication Critical patent/JP2004190597A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0873—Component parts, e.g. sealings; Manufacturing or assembly thereof
    • F04B27/0878—Pistons
    • F04B27/0886—Piston shoes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0873—Component parts, e.g. sealings; Manufacturing or assembly thereof
    • F04B27/0878—Pistons

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swash plate compressor capable of enlarging the outer diameters of sliding members without increasing the size of a compressor body or reducing the strength of pistons and unfailingly preventing the sliding members from incomplete sliding or falling off. <P>SOLUTION: The contacting surfaces 10d of engaging portions 10a and 10b of pistons 10 are extended to the side walls 10c thereof, so that the spherical portions 12a of shoes 12 shifted toward the side walls 10c can slide on the contacting surfaces 10d at the sides of the side walls 10c, and therefore the contacting surfaces 10d need not be changed in shape or size even if shoes having large outer diameters are employed. In addition, even if the shoes 12 are shifted toward the side walls 10c, the spherical portions 12a can receive reaction force from the contacting surfaces 10d at the entire surfaces thereof, so that the shoes 12 can slide along the contacting surfaces 10d always smoothly even if the swash plate 11 is largely tilted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば車両用空気調和装置の冷凍回路に用いられる斜板式圧縮機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の斜板式圧縮機としては、例えば図１０に示すように、圧縮機本体１の一端側に互いに周方向に間隔をおいて設けられた複数のシリンダ２と、各シリンダ２内をそれぞれ往復動する複数のピストン３と、各ピストン３の一端側に摺動自在に係合する斜板４と、斜板４を回転させる駆動シャフト５とを備え、駆動シャフト５の一端に取付けられたプーリ６に外部からの駆動力を入力することにより、駆動シャフト５を回転させるようにしたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００３】
この圧縮機では、斜板４を駆動シャフト５と一体に回転するロータ７にヒンジ７ａを介して連結することにより、斜板４が傾動可能に回転するようになっている。この場合、斜板４は駆動シャフト５に巻回されたコイルスプリング７ｂによって各ピストン３側に付勢されている。
【０００４】
また、図１１に示すように、各ピストン３の一端側には、斜板４を間にして対向する一対の係合部３ａ，３ｂと、一方の係合部３ａの一側部から他方の係合部３ｂの一側部に亘って形成された側壁部３ｃが設けられている。この場合、各係合部３ａ，３ｂと斜板４との間にはそれぞれ斜板４に摺動自在に接触する摺動部材としての一対のシュー８が介在しており、各係合部３ａ，３ｂにはそれぞれシュー８の球面部８ａと摺動自在に接触する接触面３ｄが設けられている。尚、図１１に示すピストン３は二酸化炭素冷媒用として外径を小さく形成したものである。
【０００５】
前記圧縮機においては、プーリ６に入力された動力によって駆動シャフト５が回転すると、駆動シャフト５と共に斜板４が回転し、斜板４の傾斜によって各ピストン３が軸方向にそれぞれ往復動する。これにより、シリンダヘッド９の冷媒吸入室９ａから各シリンダ２内に冷媒が吸入され、シリンダヘッド９の冷媒吐出室９ｂに吐出される。その際、冷媒吸入室９ａと圧縮機本体１のクランク室１ａとの間に生ずる差圧により、各ピストン３の背面側（クランク室１ａ側）に加わる圧力に応じて斜板４の傾斜角度が変化し、ピストン３の吐出量が変わるようになっている。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−３１０４７号公報
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、前記圧縮機を用いた車両用空気調和装置等においては、環境保全の関係上、二酸化炭素冷媒が使用される傾向にある。この場合、フロン冷媒に比べると、圧縮機の吐出量は１／６〜１／８となるため、例えば図９に示すようにピストン３には外径の小さいものが用いられる。しかし、二酸化炭素冷媒を用いる場合は作動圧力がフロン冷媒の約１０倍となるため、斜板４に作用するピストン３からの荷重はフロン冷媒の場合よりも２０〜３０％程度大きくなる。
【０００８】
そこで、ピストン３からの高荷重に対応するため、斜板４に接触するシュー８には外径の大きなものを用いる必要があるが、シュー８の外径が大きくなると、ピストン３の側壁部３ｃをピストン３の側方に拡大させなければならず、圧縮機本体１が大型化するという問題点があった。この場合、ピストン３の側壁部３ｃにはシュー８の周縁部を非接触で受容する凹部３ｅが設けられているが、側壁部３ｃを拡大させずに凹部３ｅを深く形成すると、側壁部３ｃの肉厚が薄くなり、ピストン３の強度を低下させるという問題点があった。
【０００９】
また、ピストン３が上死点または下死点に達したときのように、斜板４の傾斜角度が大きくなると、ピストン３の径方向への各シュー８の偏位量も大きくなり、各シュー１２の球面部８ａの一部が係合部３ａ，３ｂの接触面３ｄの外部まで移動する場合がある。この場合、シュー８の球面部８ａと係合部３ａ，３ｂの接触面３ｄとの接触面積が小さくなるため、シュー８と係合部３ａ，３ｂの円滑な摺動が妨げられるなど、シュー８の摺動不良を生じたり、場合によってはシュー８が斜板４と係合部３ａ，３ｂとの間から脱落するおそれもあった。
【００１０】
本発明は前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、圧縮機本体の大型化やピストンの強度低下を来すことなく摺動部材の外径を大きくすることができるとともに、摺動部材の摺動不良や脱落を確実に防止することのできる斜板式圧縮機を提供することにある。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記目的を達成するために、請求項１では、圧縮機本体の一端側に互いに周方向に間隔をおいて設けられた複数のシリンダと、各シリンダ内をそれぞれ往復動する複数のピストンと、各ピストンの一端側に摺動自在に係合する斜板と、斜板を回転させる駆動軸とを備え、各ピストンの一端側には、斜板を間にして対向する一対の係合部と、一方の係合部の一側部から他方の係合部の一側部に亘って形成された側壁部とを設け、各係合部と斜板との間にはそれぞれ斜板に摺動自在に接触する一対の摺動部材を介在させ、各係合部にはそれぞれ摺動部材の球面部と摺動自在に接触する接触面を設けた斜板式圧縮機において、前記各係合部の接触面を前記側壁部まで延在するように形成している。これにより、各係合部の接触面に接触する摺動部材が側壁部側に偏位すると、摺動部材の球面部が側壁部まで連続する接触面に接触しながら摺動することから、例えば外径の大きい摺動部材を用いた場合でも、大径化した分は接触面と接触する摺動部材の球面部が大きくなるだけで、各係合部の接触面の形状や寸法を変更する必要がない。この場合、摺動部材が側壁部側に偏位しても、摺動部材の球面部と係合部の接触面との接触面積が小さくなることがないため、摺動部材が接触面から受ける反力が球面部の全体に均一に加わる。
【００１２】
また、請求項２では、請求項１記載の斜板式圧縮機において、前記接触面を側壁部を介して一方の係合部から他方の係合部に亘って形成している。これにより、請求項１の作用に加え、各係合部の接触面が一方の係合部から他方の係合部に亘って形成されていることから、摺動部材の大径化のみならず、摺動部材の摺動範囲が大きい場合にも対応可能となる。この場合、側壁部に接触面が形成されている分、ピストンが軽量化する。また、接触面が各係合部間に連続的に形成されていることにより、各摺動部材間の接触面に潤滑油を保持される。
【００１３】
また、請求項３では、請求項１または２記載の斜板式圧縮機において、前記接触面を連続的に設けている。これにより、請求項１または２の作用に加え、接触面が連続的に設けられていることから、接触面を容易に成形することが可能となる。
【００１４】
また、請求項４では、請求項１、２または３記載の斜板式圧縮機において、前記接触面を摺動部材の球面部と同一曲率の球面によって形成している。これにより、請求項１、２または３の作用に加え、接触面が摺動部材の球面部と同一曲率の球面によって形成されていることから、接触面を切削加工等により容易に成形することが可能となる。
【００１５】
また、請求項５では、請求項１、２、３または４記載の斜板式圧縮機において、前記各ピストンによって圧縮される流体として二酸化炭素冷媒を用いている。これにより、請求項１、２、３または４の作用に加え、二酸化炭素冷媒を用いることにより、環境保全に有利な冷凍回路の実現が可能となる。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１乃至図５は本発明の一実施形態を示すもので、図１は圧縮機の要部側面断面図、図２はピストンの正面図、図３はその側面図、図４及び図５はピストンの側面断面図である。また、図６及び図７は比較例を示すピストンの側面断面図である。尚、従来例と同等の構成部分には同一の符号を付して示すとともに、同図に示す部分以外の構成は従来例と同等であるため図１０及び図１１を参照するものとする。
【００１７】
本実施形態のピストン１０は二酸化炭素冷媒用として外径を小さく形成されたもので、その一端側には、斜板１１に係合する対向一対の係合部１０ａ，１０ｂと、一方の係合部１０ａの一側部から他方の係合部１０ｂの一側部に亘って形成された側壁部１０ｃとを有している。各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂと斜板１１との間にはそれぞれ斜板１１に摺動自在に接触する摺動部材としての一対のシュー１２が介在しており、各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂにはそれぞれシュー１２の球面部１２ａと摺動自在に接触する接触面１０ｄが設けられている。接触面１０ｄは側壁部１０ｃまで延在するように形成されるとともに、側壁部１０ｃを介して一方の係合部１０ａから他方の係合部１０ｂに亘って連続的に形成されている。この場合、接触面１０ｄはシュー１２の球面部１２ａと同一曲率の球面によって形成されている。また、斜板１１は、従来例よりも厚さ寸法が大きく形成されており、二酸化炭素冷媒の使用による高荷重に対応可能な強度を有している。
【００１８】
前記圧縮機においては、駆動シャフト５によって斜板１１が回転すると、斜板１１に係合する各ピストン１０がシリンダ２内を往復動する。また、斜板１１は各シュー１２の平面部１２ｂに接触しながら摺動するとともに、各シュー１２は球面部１２ａを各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄに接触させながら接触面１０ｄに沿って摺動する。
【００１９】
この場合、ピストン１０が上死点または下死点に達したときのように、斜板１１の傾斜角度が大きくなると、各シュー１２の偏位量も大きくなるが、本実施形態では各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄが側壁部１０ｃまで連続的に形成されているため、図４に示すように側壁部１０ｃ側に偏位するシュー１２の球面部１２ａは側壁部１０ｃ側の接触面１０ｄに接触しながら摺動する。従って、図中一点鎖線に示すように外径の大きいシュー１２′を用いた場合でも、大径化した分は接触面１０ｄと接触する球面部１２ａが大きくなるだけで、接触面１０ｄの形状や寸法を変更する必要がない。
【００２０】
これに対し、図６の比較例に示すピストン１３のように、各係合部１３ａ，１３ｂ間に側壁部１３ｃを有するとともに、各係合部１３ａ，１３ｂのみに接触面１３ｄを設け、側壁部１３ｃにシュー１２の側縁部を非接触で受容する凹部１３ｅを設けた場合には、図中一点鎖線に示すように外径の大きいシュー１２′を用いると、凹部１３ｅを深く形成しなければシュー１２′の側縁部と干渉するため、側壁部１３ｃをピストン１３の側方に拡大させる必要があり、その分だけ圧縮機本体１が大型化する。また、側壁部１３ｃをピストン１３の側方に拡大させずに凹部１３ｅを深く形成すると、側壁部１３ｃの肉厚が薄くなり、ピストン１３の強度が低下する。
【００２１】
また、本実施形態では、図５に示すようにシュー１２が側壁部１０ｃ側に偏位しても、シュー１２の球面部１２ａと係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄとの接触面積が小さくなることがないため、図中矢印で示すようにシュー１２が接触面１０ｄから受ける反力が球面部１２ａの全体に均一に加わる。
【００２２】
これに対し、図７の比較例に示すように側壁部１３ｃにシュー１２の側縁部を非接触で受容する凹部１３ｅを設けた場合には、側壁部１３ｃ側に偏位したシュー１２の球面部１２ａの一部が係合部１３ａ，１３ｂの接触面１３ｄの外部まで移動するため、シュー１２の球面部１２ａと係合部１３ａ，１３ｂの接触面１３ｄとの接触面積が小さくなる。このため、図中矢印で示すようにシュー１２が接触面１３ｄから受ける反力が球面部１２ａの一部のみに加わり、シュー１２の摺動不良や脱落を生ずるおそれがある。
【００２３】
このように、本実施形態の圧縮機によれば、各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄを側壁部１０ｃまで連続的に形成したので、側壁部１０ｃ側に偏位するシュー１２の球面部１２ａを側壁部１０ｃ側の接触面１０ｄに接触させながら摺動させることができ、外径の大きいシュー１２′を用いた場合でも、接触面１０ｄの形状や寸法を変更する必要はない。従って、側壁部１０ｃをピストン１０の側方に拡大させたり、側壁部１０ｃの肉厚を薄くする必要がなく、圧縮機本体１の大型化やピストン１０の強度低下を来すことないという利点がある。
【００２４】
また、シュー１２が側壁部１０ｃ側に偏位しても、接触面１０ｄからの反力を球面部１２ａの全体で均一に受けることができるので、斜板１１の傾斜角度が大きい場合でもシュー１２を接触面１０ｄに沿って常に円滑に摺動させることができる。従って、シュー１２の摺動不良や脱落を確実に防止することができるとともに、接触面１０ｄからの反力を分散させて局部摩耗を防止することができるので、耐久性の向上においても有利である。
【００２５】
更に、各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄを側壁部１０ｃを介して一方の係合部１０ａから他方の係合部１０ｂに亘って形成するようにしたので、各シュー１２の大径化のみならず、各シュー１２の摺動範囲が大きい場合にも確実に対応することができ、汎用性の向上を図ることができる。この場合、側壁部１０ｃに接触面１０ｄが切削形成されている分、ピストン１０の軽量化を図ることができるので、ピストン１０の慣性力を小さくしたい場合に有利である。また、接触面１０ｄが各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂ間に連続的に形成されていることにより、図５に示すように各シュー１２間の接触面１０ｄに潤滑油Ａを保持することができるので、各シュー１２に潤滑油Ａを確実に供給することができ、各シュー１２の焼付き防止等に極めて効果的である。
【００２６】
また、接触面１０ｄを連続的に設けたことにより、接触面１０ｄの加工を容易に行うことができる。この場合、接触面１０ｄを各シュー１２の球面部１２ａと同一曲率の球面によって形成するようにしたので、接触面１０ｄを切削加工等により容易に成形することができ、生産性の向上を図ることができる。
【００２７】
更に、前述のように圧縮機本体１の大型化やピストン１０の強度低下を来すことなく耐久性の向上を図ることができるので、作動圧力の高い二酸化炭素冷媒を用いることができる。従って、二酸化炭素冷媒を用いることにより、環境保全に有利な冷凍回路を実現することができ、車両用空気調和装置等に用いる場合に極めて有利である。
【００２８】
尚、前記実施形態では、各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂの接触面１０ｄを一方の係合部１０ａから他方の係合部１０ｂまで連続的に形成したものを示したが、このように連続したものに限らず、例えば図８に示すように各係合部１０ａ，１０ｂからそれぞれ側壁部１０ｃの一部まで形成するようにしてもよく、また、図９に示すように接触面１０ｄが溝１０ｅで分断されているものであってもよい。
【００２９】
また、前記実施形態では、駆動シャフト５に対する斜板１１の傾斜角度を任意に変化させることにより、可変容量型の圧縮機を構成するようにしたものを示したが、斜板１１及びロータ７に相当する部材を一体に構成することにより、駆動シャフト５に対して所定の固定された傾斜角度をなす斜板を用いた固定容量型の圧縮機を構成するようにしてもよい。
【００３０】
更に、本発明は、前記実施形態に示したような片頭ピストンタイプのものに限定されるものではなく、両頭ピストンを用いた斜板式圧縮機にも適用することができる。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項１の斜板式圧縮機によれば、外径の大きい摺動部材を用いた場合でも、ピストン側の接触面の形状や寸法を変更する必要がないので、ピストンの側壁部をピストンの側方に拡大させたり、側壁部の肉厚を薄くする必要がなく、圧縮機本体の大型化やピストンの強度低下を来すことないという利点がある。また、斜板の傾斜角度が大きい場合でも摺動部材を接触面に沿って常に円滑に摺動させることができるので、摺動部材の摺動不良や脱落を確実に防止することができるとともに、接触面からの反力を分散させて局部摩耗を防止することができるので、耐久性の向上においても有利である。
【００３２】
また、請求項２の斜板式圧縮機によれば、請求項１の効果に加え、摺動部材の大径化のみならず、摺動部材の摺動範囲が大きい場合にも確実に対応することができるので、汎用性の向上を図ることができる。この場合、ピストンの軽量化を図ることもできるので、ピストンの慣性力を小さくしたい場合に有利である。また、各摺動部材間の接触面に潤滑油を保持することもできるので、各摺動部材に潤滑油を確実に供給することができ、各摺動部材の焼付き防止等に極めて効果的である。
【００３３】
また、請求項３の斜板式圧縮機によれば、請求項１または２の効果に加え、前記接触面を容易に成形することができるので、生産性の向上を図ることができる。
【００３４】
また、請求項４の斜板式圧縮機によれば、請求項１、２または３の効果に加え、前記接触面を切削加工等により容易に成形することができるので、生産性をより一層向上させることができる。
【００３５】
また、請求項５の斜板式圧縮機によれば、請求項１、２、３または４の効果に加え、環境保全に有利な冷凍回路を実現することができるので、車両用空気調和装置等に用いる場合に極めて有利である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明の一実施形態を示す斜板式圧縮機の要部側面断面図
【図２】ピストンの正面図
【図３】ピストンの側面図
【図４】ピストンの側面断面図
【図５】ピストンの側面断面図
【図６】比較例を示すピストンの側面断面図
【図７】比較例を示すピストンの側面断面図
【図８】変形例を示すピストンの正面図
【図９】他の変形例を示すピストンの正面図
【図１０】従来例を示す斜板式圧縮機の側面断面図
【図１１】従来例を示す斜板式圧縮機の要部側面断面図
【符号の説明】
１…圧縮機本体、２…シリンダ、１０…ピストン、１０ａ，１０ｂ…係合部、１０ｃ…側壁部、１０ｄ…接触面、１１…斜板、１２，１２′…シュー、１２ａ…球面部。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a swash plate type compressor used for a refrigeration circuit of an air conditioner for a vehicle, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of swash plate compressor, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of cylinders 2 provided at one end side of a compressor body 1 at intervals in the circumferential direction, A plurality of pistons 3 each reciprocating, a swash plate 4 slidably engaged with one end of each piston 3, and a drive shaft 5 for rotating the swash plate 4 are attached to one end of the drive shaft 5. There is a known pulley 6 in which a driving force is inputted from outside to rotate a driving shaft 5 (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In this compressor, by connecting the swash plate 4 to a rotor 7 that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 5 via a hinge 7a, the swash plate 4 is configured to rotate in a tiltable manner. In this case, the swash plate 4 is urged toward each piston 3 by a coil spring 7b wound around the drive shaft 5.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 11, one end of each piston 3 has a pair of engaging portions 3a and 3b opposed to each other with the swash plate 4 therebetween, and one side of one engaging portion 3a from the other side. A side wall portion 3c formed over one side of the engagement portion 3b is provided. In this case, a pair of shoes 8 as sliding members that slidably contact the swash plate 4 are interposed between the engagement portions 3a and 3b and the swash plate 4, respectively. , 3b are each provided with a contact surface 3d slidably in contact with the spherical portion 8a of the shoe 8. The piston 3 shown in FIG. 11 has a small outer diameter for carbon dioxide refrigerant.
[0005]
In the compressor, when the drive shaft 5 rotates by the power input to the pulley 6, the swash plate 4 rotates together with the drive shaft 5, and each piston 3 reciprocates in the axial direction due to the inclination of the swash plate 4. Thereby, the refrigerant is sucked into each cylinder 2 from the refrigerant suction chamber 9a of the cylinder head 9 and discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber 9b of the cylinder head 9. At this time, due to the pressure difference between the refrigerant suction chamber 9a and the crank chamber 1a of the compressor body 1, the inclination angle of the swash plate 4 is changed in accordance with the pressure applied to the back side (crank chamber 1a side) of each piston 3. And the discharge amount of the piston 3 changes.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-31047
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in an air conditioner for a vehicle or the like using the compressor, a carbon dioxide refrigerant tends to be used due to environmental protection. In this case, since the discharge amount of the compressor is 1/6 to 1/8 of that of the CFC refrigerant, for example, a piston 3 having a small outer diameter is used as shown in FIG. However, when the carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, the operating pressure is about 10 times that of the CFC refrigerant, so that the load applied to the swash plate 4 from the piston 3 is about 20 to 30% larger than that of the CFC refrigerant.
[0008]
Therefore, in order to cope with a high load from the piston 3, it is necessary to use a shoe 8 having a large outer diameter in contact with the swash plate 4, but when the outer diameter of the shoe 8 increases, the side wall 3c of the piston 3 becomes large. Has to be expanded to the side of the piston 3, and there is a problem that the compressor body 1 becomes large. In this case, the side wall 3c of the piston 3 is provided with a recess 3e for receiving the peripheral portion of the shoe 8 in a non-contact manner. However, if the recess 3e is formed deep without enlarging the side wall 3c, There is a problem that the wall thickness becomes thin and the strength of the piston 3 is reduced.
[0009]
Further, when the inclination angle of the swash plate 4 increases, such as when the piston 3 reaches the top dead center or the bottom dead center, the amount of deviation of each shoe 8 in the radial direction of the piston 3 also increases, and each shoe 8 In some cases, a part of the twelve spherical portions 8a may move to the outside of the contact surface 3d of the engaging portions 3a and 3b. In this case, since the contact area between the spherical portion 8a of the shoe 8 and the contact surface 3d of the engaging portions 3a, 3b is reduced, smooth sliding of the shoe 8 and the engaging portions 3a, 3b is prevented. In some cases, the sliding failure may occur, and in some cases, the shoe 8 may fall off between the swash plate 4 and the engaging portions 3a and 3b.
[0010]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to increase the outer diameter of a sliding member without increasing the size of a compressor body or reducing the strength of a piston. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate type compressor that can reliably prevent poor sliding and falling off of a sliding member.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a plurality of cylinders are provided at one end of a compressor body at intervals in a circumferential direction, and a plurality of pistons reciprocate in each cylinder. And a swash plate slidably engaged with one end of each piston, and a drive shaft for rotating the swash plate. A pair of engagements opposed to one end of each piston with the swash plate therebetween. Part and a side wall formed from one side of one engagement part to one side of the other engagement part, and a swash plate is provided between each engagement part and the swash plate. In a swash plate type compressor, a pair of sliding members that slidably contact each other are interposed, and each engaging portion is provided with a contact surface that slidably contacts a spherical surface of the sliding member. The contact surface of the portion is formed to extend to the side wall portion. Thereby, when the sliding member that comes into contact with the contact surface of each engagement portion is deflected toward the side wall, the spherical portion of the sliding member slides while contacting the contact surface that continues to the side wall. Even when a sliding member having a large outer diameter is used, the increased diameter only changes the shape and dimensions of the contact surface of each engaging portion, only by increasing the spherical portion of the sliding member in contact with the contact surface. No need. In this case, even if the sliding member is displaced toward the side wall portion, the contact area between the spherical portion of the sliding member and the contact surface of the engaging portion does not decrease, so that the sliding member receives from the contact surface. The reaction force is uniformly applied to the entire spherical portion.
[0012]
According to a second aspect, in the swash plate type compressor according to the first aspect, the contact surface is formed from one engaging portion to the other engaging portion via a side wall portion. Thus, in addition to the function of the first aspect, the contact surface of each engaging portion is formed from one engaging portion to the other engaging portion, so that not only the diameter of the sliding member can be increased but also the diameter of the sliding member can be increased. It is also possible to cope with a case where the sliding range of the sliding member is large. In this case, since the contact surface is formed on the side wall, the weight of the piston is reduced. In addition, since the contact surface is formed continuously between the engaging portions, the lubricating oil is held on the contact surface between the sliding members.
[0013]
According to a third aspect, in the swash plate type compressor according to the first or second aspect, the contact surface is provided continuously. Accordingly, in addition to the function of the first or second aspect, since the contact surface is provided continuously, the contact surface can be easily formed.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the swash plate type compressor according to the first, second or third aspect, the contact surface is formed by a spherical surface having the same curvature as a spherical portion of the sliding member. Accordingly, in addition to the operation of the first, second, or third aspect, since the contact surface is formed by a spherical surface having the same curvature as the spherical portion of the sliding member, the contact surface can be easily formed by cutting or the like. It becomes possible.
[0015]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the swash plate type compressor according to the first, second, third, or fourth aspect, a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used as a fluid compressed by each of the pistons. This makes it possible to realize a refrigeration circuit that is advantageous for environmental conservation by using a carbon dioxide refrigerant in addition to the effects of the first, second, third, or fourth aspect.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a main part of a compressor, FIG. 2 is a front view of a piston, FIG. 3 is a side view thereof, and FIGS. It is a side sectional view of a piston. 6 and 7 are side sectional views of a piston showing a comparative example. The same components as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the components other than those shown in FIG.
[0017]
The piston 10 according to the present embodiment is formed with a small outer diameter for carbon dioxide refrigerant. One end of the piston 10 is provided with a pair of opposed engagement portions 10a and 10b which engage with the swash plate 11, and one of the engagement portions is provided. And a side wall 10c formed from one side of the portion 10a to one side of the other engaging portion 10b. A pair of shoes 12 as sliding members that slidably contact the swash plate 11 are interposed between the engagement portions 10a and 10b and the swash plate 11, respectively. Are each provided with a contact surface 10d slidably in contact with the spherical portion 12a of the shoe 12. The contact surface 10d is formed so as to extend to the side wall portion 10c, and is formed continuously from the one engaging portion 10a to the other engaging portion 10b via the side wall portion 10c. In this case, the contact surface 10d is formed by a spherical surface having the same curvature as the spherical portion 12a of the shoe 12. The swash plate 11 is formed to have a larger thickness than the conventional example, and has a strength capable of coping with a high load due to the use of the carbon dioxide refrigerant.
[0018]
In the compressor, when the swash plate 11 is rotated by the drive shaft 5, each piston 10 engaging with the swash plate 11 reciprocates in the cylinder 2. In addition, the swash plate 11 slides while contacting the flat portion 12b of each shoe 12, and each shoe 12 moves along the contact surface 10d while contacting the spherical portion 12a with the contact surface 10d of each of the engaging portions 10a and 10b. Slide.
[0019]
In this case, when the inclination angle of the swash plate 11 increases, such as when the piston 10 reaches the top dead center or the bottom dead center, the amount of deviation of each shoe 12 also increases. Since the contact surfaces 10d of the portions 10a and 10b are continuously formed up to the side wall portion 10c, the spherical portion 12a of the shoe 12 which is deflected toward the side wall portion 10c as shown in FIG. It slides while contacting 10d. Therefore, even when the shoe 12 'having a large outer diameter is used as shown by the one-dot chain line in the figure, the increased diameter only increases the spherical portion 12a in contact with the contact surface 10d. There is no need to change the dimensions.
[0020]
On the other hand, like the piston 13 shown in the comparative example of FIG. 6, a side wall 13c is provided between the engaging portions 13a and 13b, and a contact surface 13d is provided only on each of the engaging portions 13a and 13b. In the case where a recess 13e for receiving the side edge portion of the shoe 12 in a non-contact manner is provided in the shoe 13c, if the shoe 12 'having a large outer diameter is used as shown by a dashed line in the drawing, the recess 13e must be formed deeply. Since it interferes with the side edge of the shoe 12 ′, the side wall 13 c needs to be expanded to the side of the piston 13, and the compressor body 1 is correspondingly enlarged. Further, when the recess 13e is formed deep without expanding the side wall 13c to the side of the piston 13, the thickness of the side wall 13c is reduced, and the strength of the piston 13 is reduced.
[0021]
Further, in the present embodiment, even if the shoe 12 is displaced toward the side wall portion 10c as shown in FIG. 5, the contact area between the spherical portion 12a of the shoe 12 and the contact surfaces 10d of the engaging portions 10a and 10b is small. Therefore, the reaction force that the shoe 12 receives from the contact surface 10d is uniformly applied to the entire spherical portion 12a as shown by the arrow in the drawing.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 7, when the side wall 13c is provided with a recess 13e for receiving the side edge of the shoe 12 in a non-contact manner, the spherical surface of the shoe 12 displaced toward the side wall 13c. Since a part of the portion 12a moves to the outside of the contact surface 13d of the engaging portions 13a and 13b, the contact area between the spherical portion 12a of the shoe 12 and the contact surface 13d of the engaging portions 13a and 13b is reduced. For this reason, as shown by the arrow in the drawing, the reaction force that the shoe 12 receives from the contact surface 13d is applied only to a part of the spherical portion 12a, and there is a possibility that the shoe 12 may slide poorly or fall off.
[0023]
As described above, according to the compressor of the present embodiment, the contact surface 10d of each of the engaging portions 10a and 10b is continuously formed up to the side wall portion 10c, so that the spherical portion of the shoe 12 deviating toward the side wall portion 10c side. 12a can be slid while being in contact with the contact surface 10d on the side wall portion 10c side. Even when the shoe 12 'having a large outer diameter is used, there is no need to change the shape and dimensions of the contact surface 10d. Therefore, there is no need to expand the side wall portion 10c to the side of the piston 10 or to reduce the thickness of the side wall portion 10c, and there is an advantage that the size of the compressor body 1 is not increased and the strength of the piston 10 is not reduced. is there.
[0024]
Further, even if the shoe 12 is deviated toward the side wall 10c, the reaction force from the contact surface 10d can be uniformly received by the entire spherical portion 12a. Can always be slid smoothly along the contact surface 10d. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent poor sliding and falling off of the shoe 12 and to disperse the reaction force from the contact surface 10d to prevent local wear, which is advantageous in improving durability. .
[0025]
Further, since the contact surface 10d of each of the engaging portions 10a and 10b is formed from one engaging portion 10a to the other engaging portion 10b via the side wall portion 10c, the diameter of each shoe 12 can be increased. In addition, it is possible to reliably cope with a case where the sliding range of each shoe 12 is large, and to improve versatility. In this case, since the contact surface 10d is cut and formed on the side wall portion 10c, the weight of the piston 10 can be reduced, which is advantageous when it is desired to reduce the inertial force of the piston 10. Further, since the contact surface 10d is formed continuously between the engaging portions 10a and 10b, the lubricating oil A can be held on the contact surface 10d between the shoes 12 as shown in FIG. The lubricating oil A can be reliably supplied to each shoe 12, which is extremely effective in preventing seizure of each shoe 12.
[0026]
In addition, since the contact surface 10d is provided continuously, the processing of the contact surface 10d can be easily performed. In this case, since the contact surface 10d is formed by a spherical surface having the same curvature as the spherical portion 12a of each shoe 12, the contact surface 10d can be easily formed by cutting or the like, thereby improving productivity. Can be.
[0027]
Further, as described above, the durability can be improved without increasing the size of the compressor main body 1 or reducing the strength of the piston 10, so that a carbon dioxide refrigerant having a high working pressure can be used. Therefore, by using a carbon dioxide refrigerant, a refrigeration circuit advantageous for environmental protection can be realized, which is extremely advantageous when used in an air conditioner for a vehicle or the like.
[0028]
In the above-described embodiment, the contact surface 10d of each of the engaging portions 10a and 10b is formed continuously from one engaging portion 10a to the other engaging portion 10b. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, each of the engaging portions 10a and 10b may be formed to a part of the side wall portion 10c. Further, as shown in FIG. It may be divided.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the variable displacement compressor is configured by arbitrarily changing the inclination angle of the swash plate 11 with respect to the drive shaft 5. By forming corresponding members integrally, a fixed displacement compressor using a swash plate having a predetermined fixed inclination angle with respect to the drive shaft 5 may be formed.
[0030]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the single-headed piston type as shown in the above embodiment, but can be applied to a swash plate type compressor using a double-headed piston.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the swash plate type compressor of claim 1, even when a sliding member having a large outer diameter is used, it is not necessary to change the shape and dimensions of the contact surface on the piston side. There is no need to enlarge the side wall to the side of the piston or to reduce the thickness of the side wall, and there is an advantage that the compressor body does not become large and the strength of the piston does not decrease. In addition, even when the inclination angle of the swash plate is large, the sliding member can always be smoothly slid along the contact surface, so that poor sliding and falling off of the sliding member can be reliably prevented, and Since the reaction force from the contact surface can be dispersed to prevent local wear, it is also advantageous in improving durability.
[0032]
According to the swash plate type compressor of the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, not only the diameter of the sliding member can be increased, but also the case where the sliding range of the sliding member is large can be reliably handled. Therefore, versatility can be improved. In this case, the weight of the piston can be reduced, which is advantageous when it is desired to reduce the inertial force of the piston. In addition, since the lubricating oil can be held on the contact surfaces between the sliding members, the lubricating oil can be reliably supplied to each sliding member, which is extremely effective in preventing seizure of each sliding member. It is.
[0033]
According to the swash plate compressor of the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect, the contact surface can be easily formed, so that productivity can be improved.
[0034]
According to the swash plate type compressor of the fourth aspect, in addition to the effects of the first, second or third aspect, the contact surface can be easily formed by cutting or the like, so that productivity is further improved. be able to.
[0035]
According to the swash plate type compressor of claim 5, in addition to the effects of claims 1, 2, 3, or 4, a refrigeration circuit advantageous for environmental protection can be realized. It is very advantageous when used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a main part of a swash plate type compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of a piston. FIG. 3 is a side view of a piston. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a piston showing a comparative example; FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a piston showing a comparative example; FIG. 8 is a front view of a piston showing a modified example; FIG. 10 is a front view of a piston showing another modification. FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of a swash plate type compressor showing a conventional example. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a main part of a swash plate type compressor showing a conventional example.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Compressor main body, 2 ... Cylinder, 10 ... Piston, 10a, 10b ... Engaging part, 10c ... Side wall part, 10d ... Contact surface, 11 ... Swash plate, 12, 12 '... Shoe, 12a ... Spherical part.

Claims (5)

圧縮機本体の一端側に互いに周方向に間隔をおいて設けられた複数のシリンダと、各シリンダ内をそれぞれ往復動する複数のピストンと、各ピストンの一端側に摺動自在に係合する斜板と、斜板を回転させる駆動軸とを備え、各ピストンの一端側には、斜板を間にして対向する一対の係合部と、一方の係合部の一側部から他方の係合部の一側部に亘って形成された側壁部とを設け、各係合部と斜板との間にはそれぞれ斜板に摺動自在に接触する一対の摺動部材を介在させ、各係合部にはそれぞれ摺動部材の球面部と摺動自在に接触する接触面を設けた斜板式圧縮機において、
前記各係合部の接触面を前記側壁部まで延在するように形成した
ことを特徴とする斜板式圧縮機。A plurality of cylinders provided at one end of the compressor body at intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of pistons reciprocating in each cylinder, and an obliquely slidably engaging one end of each piston. A plate and a drive shaft for rotating the swash plate are provided. One end of each piston is provided with a pair of engagement portions facing each other with the swash plate therebetween, and one engagement portion from one side to the other engagement portion. A side wall formed over one side of the joint is provided, and a pair of sliding members that slidably contact the swash plate are interposed between each engagement portion and the swash plate. In the swash plate type compressor in which the engaging portion is provided with a contact surface that slidably contacts the spherical portion of the sliding member,
A swash plate compressor, wherein a contact surface of each of the engaging portions is formed to extend to the side wall portion. 前記接触面を側壁部を介して一方の係合部から他方の係合部に亘って形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の斜板式圧縮機。The swash plate type compressor according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface is formed from one engaging portion to the other engaging portion via a side wall portion. 前記接触面を連続的に設けた
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の斜板式圧縮機。The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface is provided continuously. 前記接触面を摺動部材の球面部と同一曲率の球面によって形成した
ことを特徴とする請求項１、２または３記載の斜板式圧縮機。4. The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface is formed by a spherical surface having the same curvature as a spherical portion of the sliding member. 前記各ピストンによって圧縮される流体として二酸化炭素冷媒を用いた
ことを特徴とする請求項１、２、３または４記載の斜板式圧縮機。5. The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used as a fluid compressed by each piston.
JP2002360766A 2002-12-12 2002-12-12 Swash plate compressor Pending JP2004190597A (en)

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JP2002360766A JP2004190597A (en) 2002-12-12 2002-12-12 Swash plate compressor
US10/730,942 US20040112210A1 (en) 2002-12-12 2003-12-10 Swash plate compressor having a piston in which a contact surface to be contacted with a shoe is continuously and extensively formed

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