JP2004163094A - Movable kiln, movable kiln apparatus using the kiln, and using method of the apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a movable kiln capable of producing a ceramic product with a small lot and in a short time by installing a movable batch type kiln and a control panel on a site of a raw material for the ceramic product, a construction site or a space of a customer's factory. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided the movable kiln, an apparatus using the kiln and a using method of the apparatus, the movable kiln comprising a kiln and the control panel, wherein a swirl flow and a vortex flow of a gas flame from a gas burner in the kiln are uniformly emitted to a product; the inflammation in the batch-type kiln is promoted; and the air or the cooling air is sent into the kiln to discharge the heat to the outside so that the ceramic product is quickly produced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile firing furnace, a mobile firing furnace apparatus using the firing furnace, and a method of using the apparatus.

  As a conventional baking furnace unit (batch type), a small baking furnace and a control panel are used, and a control temperature of a baking furnace heating process is stored in advance by the control of the control panel and a furnace temperature detected by a sensor in the furnace body. There is one in which the degree of opening of the gas flow rate by the burner is adjusted based on the comparison (see Patent Document 1).

  However, since the present invention is not configured so that the flame from the burner uniformly hits the molded product in the furnace body, not only a high-quality ceramic product that is uniformly fired cannot be obtained, and It is not that a ceramic product can be obtained forcibly and in a short time by rapidly introducing air or cold air from the firing furnace after the firing and discharging the combustion air to the outside.

  In addition, as another conventional technology, a hearth rotation mechanism that rotates the hearth at a constant speed for uniformly firing the molded product and receives heat from all directions, and also makes the temperature distribution and atmosphere gas distribution inside the furnace body uniform. Disclosed is a hearth reciprocating mechanism to be converted (see Patent Document 2).

  However, this invention also shares the idea that flames are uniformly applied to the molded product from the burner.However, since the means for applying the flame turns the molded product by rotating the hearth, there is no ingenuity in the burner arrangement, and therefore, the molding is not performed. Although the flame is evenly applied to the product in the horizontal plane with the tip of the burner, there is a lack of uniformity in the vertical direction of the molded product with respect to the tip of the burner. Further, the present invention does not have a concept of reducing the process time by exhausting air or cold air after firing the molded article.

As another conventional technique, there is a firing furnace for firing a ceramic material constituting an electronic component such as a ceramic capacitor, which has a small furnace body and is capable of rapidly increasing the temperature for small lots. There is no solution to the arrangement of burners for firing, and the combustion air is not immediately discharged from the firing furnace to the outside (see Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent No. 327344 JP-A-6-88682 JP-A-8-29067

The object of the present invention is different from the above-described conventional firing furnace, a building or a house using a ceramic product such as a tile, a brick, a ceramic electronic component, a glass product, and an exterior plate, a tunnel, a construction site of a highway, Alternatively, a movable firing furnace will be provided at a location where recycled products are generated in industrial waste such as incinerated ash or in the vicinity thereof.
Another object of the present invention is to irradiate a molded product in a furnace body with burners from various directions, thereby obtaining a ceramic product fired in a substantially uniform and short time from all directions. An object of the present invention is to provide a type firing apparatus and a method of using the same.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic article in a short time by elevating the ceramic article to a transfer chamber and forcibly exhausting air or cold air to the outside together with combustion air.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile baking furnace apparatus capable of finishing each step of drying, raising temperature, maintaining high temperature, rapid cooling, slow cooling, and cooling in a short time of 30 to 100 minutes, and a method of using the same. I will not provide it.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above object, the gist of which is a firing furnace for manufacturing a ceramic product, and a firing furnace for a ceramic industry comprising a control panel for controlling the combustion of the firing furnace, The firing furnace, a furnace body surrounded by a refractory structure that withstands rapid heating and quenching such as refractory bricks in order to bake the molded article into a ceramic product, and on or around the peripheral wall of the furnace body, A gas burner for injecting gas arranged so as to be able to forcibly irradiate a swirling flow and a vortex flow of the flame substantially uniformly on the molded products stacked with a gap in the furnace body, wherein the control panel includes the gas burner. In addition to controlling the ignition, the amount and time of the flame for burning the molded article, and the fire extinguishing, it is possible to forcibly send air or cold air into the furnace through the burner or another path different from the burner after the extinguishing. it can The baking furnace is further provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging the air or the cold air to the outside together with the combustion air in the baking furnace, and the baking furnace and the control panel can be transported. It is in a sintering furnace.

  According to the present invention, by moving to a building or a residential building, a tunnel construction, or a construction facility of an expressway facility, or to a site where a recycled industrial waste such as incinerated ash is generated or a customer factory site, A firing furnace which can save the cost and space required for stocking ceramic products in another place, eliminate the transportation cost, and further shorten the construction period, a device using the firing furnace, and a method of using the device. Can be provided.

  Another gist of the present invention resides in that the fuel burners are arranged in the furnace body, and each of the fuel burners is disposed at a position where the peripheral wall of the furnace body is a square cylinder, and a position opposite to each cylinder surface is removed. The position is removed at the diagonal corner of each cylindrical surface facing each other, one each (all four), or two at the top and bottom positions where the relative positions of each cylindrical surface are removed, specifically all Movable firing provided at the diagonal corner of the cylindrical surface of each of two (all eight), or all four or all eight, and one or more at the middle stage of the rectangular cylindrical surface In the furnace.

  According to the present invention, the arrangement of the fuel burners is at least at the corner positions of both the upper and lower sides of the opposing peripheral wall (for example, if the opposing peripheral walls have burners at the upper right, the lower opposing peripheral walls are respectively at the lower right). Since the position of the burner injection port on the peripheral wall is shifted, the injected flame flow becomes a combustion gas and irradiates the molded product almost uniformly with the right or left swirl flow or vortex, resulting in high quality. You can get ceramic products.

Yet another aspect of the present invention is a mobile firing furnace in which the direction of injection of each burner into the furnace can be controlled automatically or manually by the control panel.
According to the present invention, the injection direction of the burner can be controlled in accordance with the size, quantity, or shape of the molded product, so that a better quality ceramic product can be obtained.

Another gist of the present invention is that a chain, a rack-and-pinion or a chain, in which a molded product before firing and a ceramic product after firing are placed on a firing table as a hearth of a firing furnace to be raised and lowered under the furnace body. The present invention is directed to a mobile firing furnace provided with a lifting / lowering means comprising any one of tandem mechanisms and a transfer chamber having an entrance for taking in the molded product or taking out the ceramic product.
According to the present invention, molded articles and ceramic articles can be easily transferred from the furnace body to the transfer chamber below the furnace body, thereby improving the thermal efficiency by downsizing the furnace body, and shortening the process time such as shortening the cooling time. be able to.

Another gist of the present invention is that an exhaust pipe communicating with the outside of the firing furnace is connected to an exhaust path communicating with the inside of the furnace, and a damper is provided in the exhaust pipe for connecting or disconnecting the furnace and outside air. The transfer chamber is a movable firing furnace provided with a vertical groove capable of moving up and down the exhaust path together with the firing table by the lifting means.
According to the present invention, by arranging a seal made of ceramic fibers or the like between the furnace body and the transfer chamber, it is possible to increase the efficiency of each process in the furnace body, reduce time and fuel loss, and reduce the exhaust stack. The continuity between the furnace body and the transfer chamber via the exhaust path was ensured.

As still another gist of the present invention, as a pretreatment device for the movable firing furnace of each of the above-mentioned inventions, a press forming machine for supplying clay and forming the outer shape of a tile, a brick, and an exterior plate, and forming with the forming machine There is a movable firing furnace device provided with a dryer for drying the molded article and a glazing device for applying a glaze to the dried molded article.
Along with the movable firing furnace according to the present invention, a press forming machine that supplies kneaded clay as a pretreatment step to the firing furnace to form a molded product, a dryer, and a glazing device are continuously provided, from the beginning to the end. Ceramic products can be finished in the same place up to.

As yet another gist of the present invention, a decorating machine for decorating a molded article may be provided between the dryer and the glaze device.
According to the present invention, a variety of patterns can be formed on a molded product of the decorating machine by print printing, roll printing, octopus printing, inkjet, or the like.

  Still another aspect of the present invention is that a movable kiln apparatus can be moved to various premises of about 10 mx 10 m, and ceramic works can be manufactured at each site or on a smaller site within a site of a customer factory. To reduce the stock and transportation costs of ceramic products.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming step of forming a kneaded clay into a desired mold, a glaze step of applying a glaze around the desired mold, and a transfer chamber in a firing furnace by stacking a large number of glazed formed products. Transferring the molded article into the furnace above the transfer chamber, and a firing step of firing the ceramic article before heat treatment in the furnace, wherein the firing step comprises: The step is formed in a time zone consisting of a drying step, a heating step, a high-temperature holding step, a rapid cooling step, a slow cooling step, and a cooling step, and the ceramic article completed after being transferred from the furnace body to the transfer chamber after the firing step. There is a method of using a mobile baking furnace device that includes a finishing step for taking out the sintering furnace.
As a result, an integrated process, such as obtaining a molded product from the clay and firing the molded product to finish a ceramic product, is made possible within the same site.

As still another gist of the present invention, in the firing step, the drying step is performed for 3 minutes to 15 minutes, the temperature raising step is performed for 10 minutes to 22 minutes, and the high temperature holding step is performed for 2 minutes to 14 minutes, There is a method of using a mobile firing furnace device in which the quenching step is 1 minute to 10 minutes, the slow cooling step is 5 minutes to 17 minutes, and the cooling step is 9 minutes to 22 minutes.
According to the present invention, the range of the time required for the entire process is shortened as compared with the related art.

According to another aspect of the present invention, when the firing step is performed for about 90 minutes, the maximum burning capacity of the gas burner from the drying step to the high-temperature holding step is from 200 kW / h to 300 kW / h per cubic meter of the furnace internal volume. In some cases, the cooling air from the quenching step to the cooling step sends outside air of 12 m ³ / h or more per cubic meter of the inside volume of the furnace into the furnace.
According to the present invention, the molded product is fired by the gas burner with the capacity of 200 kW / h to 300 kW / h per cubic meter of the furnace inner volume, and then the outside air of 12 m ³ / h or more per cubic meter of the furnace inner volume is used. Is cooled by sending it into the furnace, so that the ceramic product can be finished in a very short firing step of 90 minutes as a whole.

  In the present invention, as a method of sending the cooling air into the furnace, a diameter of a combustion air supply pipe for burning gas by the gas burner is also used as a diameter larger than usual, and the cool air at normal temperature is supplied from the combustion air supply pipe. There are air blowers that use an air blower and a cold air blower to send each gas into the furnace. According to this, a burner that burns gas in the furnace also serves as an air supply port that sends cool air at room temperature. Therefore, the supply of cold air requires a larger diameter than the supply of gas, and therefore the diameter of the combustion air supply pipe of the gas burner requires a larger diameter than sending only combustion air into the furnace. .

  The present invention is to send cooling air into the furnace from the cooling air inlet provided separately from the combustion air inlet which also serves as the gas burner to send cooling air into the furnace. You can also.

In the present invention, the cooling air is sent into the furnace, and the amount of air is discharged from an exhaust pipe having a diameter of about 300 mm.
Thus, a large amount of outside air of 12 m ³ / h or more is sent into the furnace and discharged from the exhaust pipe, whereby the rapid cooling step, the slow cooling step, and the cooling step can be performed quickly.

  The firing furnace of the present invention is not only miniaturized, but also a mobile type that can always be installed integrally with the site, saving the stock place and transport time, until the ceramic products until now are completed Time has been greatly reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, a high-temperature gas flow is swirled or swirled in the furnace, whereby a ceramic product can be obtained more sufficiently, uniformly, and in a short time.
Further, in the present invention, by obtaining the exhaust stack, not only uniform irradiation of the flame on the molded product, but also rapid cooling after firing, it is possible to obtain an efficient ceramic product in a shorter time. I made it.

  According to the mobile firing furnace of the present invention, a swirl flow or a vortex flow is generated in the furnace by the gas burner, so that a uniform and sufficient hot gas can be applied to the outer surface of the molded article to be fired. Ceramic products are obtained. In addition, the present invention allows the firing furnace and the control panel to be installed at a part of a construction site such as a building by a transfer type, so that it is possible to omit the transportation and stocking of ceramic articles, and it is more efficient for each site. Work can be done. Furthermore, by sending air or cool air from the burner port or another path separate from the burner port into the firing furnace together with the combustion air in the furnace body, and discharging the air to the outside from the exhaust pipe, the ceramic article can be fired in a shorter time.

  Further, according to the mobile firing furnace apparatus and the method of using the same according to the present invention, in addition to the firing furnace and the control panel, a pretreatment apparatus can be simultaneously installed and manufactured in the same place, so that the construction site or customer needs Can be installed and constructed in small places.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the maximum combustion capacity of the gas burner is from 200 kW / h per cubic meter of furnace volume to 300 kW / h by firing the molded product, and the outside air of 12 m ³ / h or more per cubic meter of furnace volume is burned in the furnace. , It is possible to provide a compact, small-volume mobile firing furnace with high rotational efficiency.

    Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entire mobile sintering furnace apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a sintering furnace with a transfer chamber in the mobile sintering furnace apparatus, as viewed from the right side, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view in which a baking shelf in which molded products are arranged is drawn out of the transfer chambers of FIGS. 2 and 3, and FIG. 5 is baking for a baking time (60 minutes) of a ceramic article in the baking furnace of the present invention. FIG. 6 (a) is a graph showing the transition of temperature, FIG. 6 (a) is a layout diagram of a burner of the firing furnace of the present invention, FIG. 6 (b) is a layout diagram of a burner different from FIG. 6 (a), and FIG. Separately, a graph showing a change in the firing temperature with a combustion time of 90 minutes compared to a conventional electric batch furnace of 1800 minutes but up to 420 minutes, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the batch type furnace, the control device, and the piping in FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view showing a state in which the pipe of FIG. 8 is attached to a gas burner.

Fig. 1 shows a forming press E for trimming ceramic products such as bricks, tiles, ceramic electronic components, glass products, and exterior plates from pottery and porcelain, which are raw materials for making ceramics, a dryer F for drying the formed product, and a glaze. The glazing device G for painting is the basis of the pretreatment device. If necessary, the glaze apparatus I may be used as a pretreatment apparatus through the process of the decorating machine H for applying decoration to the surface from the dryer F. All of these pretreatment steps use a known technique. One of the features of the present invention is that a mobile firing furnace A and a control panel D as one unit, which will be described later, and a control panel D It can be installed in the area where raw materials such as incinerated ash are supplied or in one section (approximately 100 m ² ) in the site of the customer's factory. The daily production capacity of the ceramic products in this pretreatment step and the subsequent firing furnace step is approximately 50 m ² for the ceramic products. Thus, the present invention has made it possible to produce the ceramic products required at a site where the device is required, and even at a very narrow construction site.

Next, a description will be given of a baking furnace A with a transfer chamber for baking the molded article J prepared in the pretreatment step and a control panel D for controlling the baking, which are main parts of the present invention.
2 and 3, the firing furnace A has a ceiling portion 1 and a peripheral wall 2 having four thinner walls (25 mm to 115 mm) than conventional ones (the speed of temperature rise and cooling is increased due to the small heat capacity of the wall). Is assembled with refractory bricks (bricks have low thermal conductivity and are resistant to spalling, for example, AG blocks (manufactured by Marukoshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.)). Holes 4 are opened in the bottom portion 3 and again assembled with refractory bricks. The fired table 5 as a furnace hearth is moved up and down by two sets of X axes by a well-known tandem mechanism (the table 7 on the tandem mechanism in the figure), and a molded product is arranged with a clearance provided inside the tandem mechanism. It can be moved up and down together with several sets of shelves 6. In addition to the tandem mechanism, known means for raising and lowering the table 7 integrated with the shelf set 6 such as a chain and a rack and vinyl may be used as the elevating means.

In FIG. 2, the four peripheral walls 2 extend from the lower right front corner toward the back of the figure, the upper left corner extends from the left to the right at the front corner, and the lower left corner extends from the rear corner to the lower left corner. Four burner ports (8, 9, 10, 11) are provided in the upper right corner to fire a flame from right to left at the far corner at the upper right. In addition, in FIG. 3 where FIG. 2 is viewed from the left side, the burner 8 moves from the lower right to the lower left, the burner port 9 moves from the upper right to the lower side, and the burner port 10 moves from the lower left to the right. The burner opening 11 is provided from the upper left back to the front (FIG. 6B).
In this way, the flames from the burners can be reduced by directing each burner port one by one near one corner of each peripheral wall, and by turning the upper two and lower two in the directions of passing each other on both the upper and lower sides. Two large counterclockwise swirling flows (upper hole as burner opening counterclockwise and lower hole counterclockwise in FIG. 6 (b)) without fire directly hitting the molded product in shelf assembly 6 The small eddy currents generated at the four corners of the flow allow the flame gas to hit the molded product almost uniformly, and the quality can be reduced in a short time (if the flame gas is evenly applied to the molded product, the firing time will be short) A uniform ceramic product can be obtained.
In addition to the above embodiment, both the upper hole and the lower hole of the burner opening are clockwise, or either the upper hole or the lower hole is left or right, and the lower hole and the upper hole are reversed. You can also.

In addition to the above-described embodiment, the burner openings are arranged at the upper right corner and the lower left corner of each of the four peripheral walls, so that the burner openings are arranged as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), 8, 8 ', 9, 9', 10, and 10. As shown by ', 11, 11', the burner of each upper hole turns counterclockwise, and the burner of the lower hole turns clockwise.
In addition to the above embodiment, the upper hole of the burner may be clockwise and the pilot hole may be counterclockwise, or both the upper hole and the pilot hole may be counterclockwise or clockwise.

Further, in addition to the four or eight burner ports, one or more, preferably one or two burner ports may be provided in the middle of each peripheral wall 2.
The above-mentioned burner port irradiates the uniform (sufficient) hot gas to the outer surface of the molded product by directing the direction of the tip (hole) in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction by manual or automatic control, and in a short time. High quality ceramic products can be made.
On the other hand, the baking table 5 located at the lower part of the baking furnace A is moved down onto the caster C of the two drawers by lowering the tandem mechanism together with the shelf set 6 and the table 7, and the caster C is moved to the shelf set 6 Are placed on the outer net 12 of the transfer chamber B together with the rollers 13 in a state where they are loaded (FIG. 4). The baking table 5 is provided with an exhaust path 15 that communicates with an exhaust pipe 14 in which the inside of the baking furnace and its upper part are fixed to the outer frame 19. The lower part of the exhaust pipe 14 moves up and down together with the baking table 5. It is designed to be detachable from the upper part of the exhaust pipe. An adjustment damper 17 for removing high-temperature air in the firing furnace and an adjustment damper 18 for introducing cool air from below are provided in the lower part of the exhaust pipe. The transfer chamber B is provided with a vertical groove (not shown) that moves in the lower part of the exhaust pipe.

Next, a description will be given of a method of using the mobile firing furnace apparatus using the firing furnace A of the present invention.
Using the pre-treatment device, water is added to the porcelain clay to form a raw material whose water content has been adjusted. A tile or the like is formed by a breath E and a dryer F, and a glaze is applied to the surface of the tile using a glaze device G and the molding is finished. The product J is transferred to the next firing furnace A. In addition, there are also cases where various uneven patterns, print printing, and the like are applied to the product formed by the forming press E and the dryer F by the decorating machine H, then glaze is applied by the glaze apparatus I, and the product is transferred to the molded product J.
After the pre-processing step, the molded articles J are arranged in a shelf group 6 on a firing table 5 drawn by a caster C. Next, the caster C is pushed to move the baking table 6 into the transfer chamber B. Further, the baking table 5 is raised by the above-mentioned tandem mechanism or the like, and the shelf set 6 is transferred into the baking furnace A.

The size of the firing furnace A is (internal volume 0.5m ³ ~2.0m ^3), FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 in the four gas burners arrangement examples, in total amount tile GENERAL 6 m ² minutes shelf set The relationship between the firing temperature (vertical axis) and the time (horizontal axis) of the firing flow (solid line) when the element placed in No. 6 is fired for 60 minutes will be described with reference to FIG.
First, as a first step, the furnace inside in the state of being baked by the operation of the control panel D is started from 75 ° C., and the number of ignitions of the burners is reduced to 1 or 2 and raised to about 150 ° C. in about 8 minutes (drying). Process). Subsequently, in the second step, all eight burners are further ignited and the gas amount is gradually increased to reach 1125 ° C. in about 15 minutes (heating step). Here, immediately before the temperature of 855 ° C., the combustion time of the burner was adjusted by controlling the combustion amount of the burner. Further, the above-mentioned maximum temperature is kept (high-temperature holding step) for about 7 minutes so that the entire molded article has a uniform temperature. Subsequently, the gas in the burner was stopped, and air was sufficiently blown in from the outside for 5 minutes to rapidly cool the inside of the furnace to 750 ° C (rapid cooling step). After the rapid cooling, one or two burners are ignited for 10 minutes up to 570 ° C. to prevent cracking or cracking of the molded article due to insufficient cooling (gradual cooling step). Finally, all the burners are stopped and the molded product is cooled for 15 minutes, and the entire ceramic product is finished in about 60 minutes (cooling step).

Next, the size of the above-mentioned firing furnace (2.0 m ³ ), the arrangement of eight gas burners (the maximum firing capacity is 250 kW / h per 1 m ³ ), and the tiles arranged for 6 m ² on the shelf 6 The relationship between the firing temperature (vertical axis) and the time (horizontal axis) of the firing flow (solid line) in the case of firing for 90 minutes will be described with reference to FIG. 7 as another embodiment. The dashed line in the figure compares the sintering temperature and sintering time in the case of the conventional electric batch furnace (same size) with the solid line gas burner of the present invention.

In the conventional electric batch furnace, the size of the furnace, the tile to be fired, and the maximum firing temperature (1200 ° C.) were the same, and the firing time was 1800 minutes. However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the firing time was A mobile firing furnace completed in 90 minutes was completed.
In the present invention, a gas burner is supplied from a gas (pipe) 21 and combustion air (pipe) 20 by a combustion air blower, and the number is reduced to 1 or 2 out of the four gas burners, and 300 ° C. in about 9 minutes. The temperature is raised up to about 1200 ° C. 27 minutes later by igniting all eight burners and gradually increasing the gas amount (temperature rising step). In the graph, the rate of increase is slow at around 800 ° C. because the combustion time is adjusted by controlling the amount of combustion. Further, the maximum temperature was kept for about 9 minutes in order to fire the entire molded article at a uniform temperature (high temperature holding step). Subsequently, the gas of the burner is stopped, and air is externally blown into the furnace for 18 minutes by blowing cold air at a rate of 12 m ³ / h per cubic meter to rapidly cool the furnace (rapid cooling step). After this rapid cooling, the burners of 1 to 2 are ignited for about 18 minutes while cooling air is blown in so as to prevent the molded product from cracking or cracking due to insufficient cooling (gradual cooling step). Finally, all the burners are stopped and cold air of 12 m ³ / h per cubic meter is put into the furnace to cool the molded product for 9 minutes (cooling step), and the whole is finished in 90 minutes. As a method for sending cool air into the furnace, a cooling air port for sending cool air into the furnace with the gas burner ports (8, 9, 10, 11) at room temperature was also used (FIG. 8).
Further, by introducing cold air of 12 m ³ / h per cubic meter to cool the inside of the furnace, the air in the furnace was discharged through an exhaust pipe (not shown) having a diameter of 300 mm.
FIG. 8 is a piping diagram for sending gas and combustion air from the same burner port to the furnace under the control of the control panel D. In this case, the diameter of the combustion air piping 20 different from the gas pipe 21 is shown. It was made larger (it looks the same diameter in the figure), and this was also used as cold air. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the combustion and cooling air supply ports 20 in addition to the gas inlet 21 in the burner ports (8, 9, 10, 11) of FIG.

  The firing step in the above embodiment is 60 minutes and 90 minutes, but in the present invention, it can be arbitrarily changed from 30 to 120 minutes depending on the type and amount of ceramic articles.

It is a conceptual diagram of the whole apparatus of the mobile calcination furnace device of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the baking furnace in FIG. It is the front view which looked at FIG. 2 from the left. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram in which a shelf set in which molded products are arranged is drawn out of the transfer chamber in FIG. 2. It is a graph which shows a certain relationship between firing time and temperature of ceramic articles in the firing furnace of the present invention. (A) is a schematic diagram showing arrangement of holes of a burner of a firing furnace. (B) is a conceptual diagram showing arrangement of a burner different from (a). 5 is a graph showing another relationship between the firing time and the temperature of the ceramic article in another firing furnace different from that of FIG. 5 of the present invention, and comparing this with a conventional electric batch furnace. The piping diagram of a combustion furnace and a control panel is shown. FIG. 9 is a view showing how a gas supply port and a combustion / cooling pipe are attached to the burner port of FIG. 8.

Explanation of reference numerals

A Firing furnace B Transfer chamber C Caster D Control panel E Forming press F Dryer G Glazing equipment 1
H Decorating machine I Glazing equipment 2
J Molded product 5 Firing table 8, 9, 10, 11 Burner port 14 Exhaust cylinder 15 Exhaust passage 17, 18 Adjustment damper

Claims (14)

In the firing furnace for the ceramic industry consisting of a firing furnace for manufacturing ceramic products and a control panel for controlling the combustion of the firing furnace,
The firing furnace, a furnace body surrounded by a refractory structure that withstands rapid heating and quenching such as refractory bricks in order to bake the molded article into a ceramic product, and on or around the peripheral wall of the furnace body, A gas burner for injecting a gas arranged so as to forcibly irradiate a swirling flow and a vortex flow of the flame substantially uniformly on the molded products stacked with a gap in the furnace body,
The control panel controls ignition, flame amount and time, and fire extinguishing for burning the molded article, and forcibly supplies air or cold air into the furnace through the burner or another path different from the burner after the extinguishing. Is a controller that can be sent to
Further, the firing furnace is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging the air or cold air to the outside together with the combustion air in the furnace,
In addition, a mobile firing furnace characterized in that the firing furnace and the control panel can be transported.   When the fuel burners are arranged in the furnace body, when the peripheral wall of the furnace body is a square cylinder, one (all four) or each cylinder body surface is located at a position excluding the position opposite to each cylinder surface. Two or more (all eight) at the upper and lower positions excluding the opposing position, or one or more of the above four or all eight, and one or more are provided in the middle of the square cylindrical body surface. The mobile firing furnace according to claim 1.   The mobile firing furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the direction of injection of each burner into the furnace can be controlled automatically or manually by the control panel.   In the lower part of the furnace body, a raising / lowering means comprising a chain, a rack and pinion or a tandem mechanism for raising and lowering a firing table as a hearth of a firing furnace, a molded article before firing and a ceramic article after firing. 4. The mobile firing furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a transfer chamber having an entrance for taking in the molded product or taking out the ceramic product.   An exhaust pipe leading to the outside of the firing furnace is connected to an exhaust path communicating with the inside of the furnace, and a damper is provided in the exhaust pipe for connecting or disconnecting the furnace and outside air. 5. The mobile firing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a vertical groove is provided by means of which the exhaust cylinder can be raised and lowered together with the firing table.   A press-forming machine for supplying kneaded clay to form a tile, a brick, and an outer shape of an exterior plate as a pretreatment device for the movable firing furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and a forming machine formed by the forming machine. A mobile firing furnace device comprising: a dryer for drying an article; and a glaze apparatus for applying a glaze to the dried molded article.   The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a decorating machine for decorating a molded product between the dryer and the glaze apparatus.   The press forming machine, the drying machine, the decorating machine and the movable baking furnace are used in a building, a house, a tunnel, a construction site such as a highway, or an area where industrial waste is generated or a customer factory site. The mobile firing furnace device according to claim 7, wherein the mobile firing furnace device is installed on a site within 10m x 10m. A forming step of forming the kneaded clay into a desired mold, a glaze step of applying glaze around the desired mold, a transfer step of stacking a large number of glazed formed products and transporting the stacked articles to a transfer chamber in a firing furnace; A method for using a mobile firing furnace, comprising: an installation step of transferring a molded article into a furnace, and a firing step of firing a ceramic article before heat treatment in the furnace,
The baking step is formed in a time zone consisting of a drying step, a temperature raising step, a high temperature holding step, a quenching step, a slow cooling step, and a cooling step,
A method of using a movable firing furnace apparatus, comprising: a finishing step of taking out a completed ceramic article after transferring from the furnace body to a transfer chamber after the firing step.   The time period is 30 minutes to 100 minutes, the drying time is 3 minutes to 15 minutes, the temperature raising step is 10 minutes to 22 minutes, the high temperature holding step is 2 minutes to 14 minutes, The method according to claim 9, wherein the quenching step is 1 minute to 10 minutes, the slow cooling step is 5 minutes to 17 minutes, and the cooling step is 9 minutes to 22 minutes. . When the firing step is performed for about 90 minutes, the maximum burning capacity of the gas burner from the drying step to the high-temperature holding step is from 200 kW / h to 300 kW / h per cubic meter of the furnace volume, and the cooling from the quenching step to the cooling step. using mobile kiln apparatus of claim 10 use air is intended for feeding the outside air within the volume per cubic meter 12m ³ / h or more furnace into the furnace.   As a method of sending the cooling air into the furnace, a diameter of a combustion air supply pipe for burning gas by the gas burner is also used as a diameter larger than usual, and cool air at room temperature is used as a combustion air blower and a cooling blower. The method of using a mobile firing furnace apparatus according to claim 11, wherein each is fed into the furnace body by utilizing.   The method of feeding the cooling air into the furnace, wherein the cooling air at room temperature is fed into the furnace from a cooling air inlet provided separately from a combustion air inlet of the gas burner. A method for using the mobile firing furnace device described in the above.   14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the cooling air is sent into the furnace, and the amount of air is discharged from an exhaust pipe having a diameter of about 300 mm.

Images