JP2004160165A - Granulation method for galenical component preparation - Google Patents

Granulation method for galenical component preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004160165A
JP2004160165A JP2003142105A JP2003142105A JP2004160165A JP 2004160165 A JP2004160165 A JP 2004160165A JP 2003142105 A JP2003142105 A JP 2003142105A JP 2003142105 A JP2003142105 A JP 2003142105A JP 2004160165 A JP2004160165 A JP 2004160165A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
powder
crude drug
extract
fluidized bed
galenical
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JP2003142105A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Sakamoto
浩 坂本
Tadakazu Okitsu
忠和 興津
Makoto Kobayashi
誠 小林
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Powrex KK
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Powrex KK
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Priority to JP2003142105A priority Critical patent/JP2004160165A/en
Priority to CNB031570291A priority patent/CN1329016C/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a galenical component preparation, having a high content of galenical components (effective components), heavy and having a sharp particle distribution. <P>SOLUTION: While one galenical component powder selected from a galenical dry powder, a galenical extract powder and a mixed powder of the galenical dry powder and the galencial extract is let flow in a fluidized layer container, a binder liquid obtained by mixing an aqueous solution containing a galenical extract as the same kind of the selected galenical component powder with 0.01 to 20wt.% alcohol is sprayed to perform granulation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、栄養補助食品、健康食品、漢方生薬等の製剤製品に用いられる生薬成分製剤の造粒方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
生薬成分を含む栄養補助食品や健康食品、漢方生薬等の製剤製品は、通常、生薬乾燥末、生薬エキス末、又は、生薬乾燥末と生薬エキス末との混合末(生薬成分末)を造粒処理して得られた造粒物を散剤、細粒剤、顆粒剤等として、あるいは、その造粒物をさらに錠剤やカプセル剤等の剤形に調整して販売されている。しかし、生薬成分製剤の製造において、原料となる生薬乾燥末や生薬エキス末は付着性、粘着性が高く、均一な粒子径の造粒物を収率良く製造するのが難しい。そこで、従来より種々の造粒方法が提案されている。
【0003】
例えば、従来の造粒方法として、賦形剤を浮遊流動させつつ、アルファー化澱粉を添加した生薬エキス液を噴霧して造粒する方法(特許文献1)、漢方エキス粉末と吸水性添加剤との混合物を熱風中に浮遊旋回流動させながら、水又は結合剤の水溶液を間欠的に噴霧して造粒する方法(特許文献2)、シリカ、合成珪酸アルミニウム、乳糖、澱粉等の吸水率の高い粉末を造粒核粒子とし、これを通風撹拌しながら結合剤液を噴霧して造粒する方法(特許文献3)、生薬成分と添加剤を併用して造粒する方法(特許文献4)が知られている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特公昭55−12889号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平2―300135号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平5―49901号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平6−192113号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
造粒処理に際して、賦形剤等の各種添加剤を併用すると、仕上がり造粒物に占める生薬成分(有効成分)の含量割合が少なくなる。そのため、1日当たりの服用量が例えば錠剤形態にして20〜30錠にも達することがあり、このような多量の錠剤を服用することは服用者の負担が大きい。
【0006】
また、生薬エキス末は水に対する溶解性が高く、水を結合剤として造粒可能であるが、この場合、処理容器内壁への付着が多く、製品収率が低くなるという問題がある。
【0007】
一方、生薬乾燥末は油分を含有するものが多く、結合剤に水溶液を用いて造粒することは困難である。油分を含む生薬乾燥末と水系結合剤液は親和性が悪く、結合剤が生薬乾燥末に付着しにくいからである。この問題に対して、有機溶剤系の結合剤液を用いることも考えられるが、近年の地球環境保護や労働安全面から有機溶剤の使用は極力削減するのが好ましい。
【0008】
本発明の課題は、水系結合剤液により、生薬成分(有効成分)の含有量が高く、重質で粒度分布がシャープな生薬成分製剤を得ることができる造粒方法を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、生薬乾燥末、生薬エキス末、及び、生薬乾燥末と生薬エキス末との混合末の中から選択される何れか一の生薬成分末を流動層容器内で流動させつつ、前記生薬成分末と同種の生薬エキスを含む水溶液を結合剤液として噴霧して造粒する方法を提供する。
【0010】
ここで、「生薬乾燥末」は、例えば、ウコン、ゴーヤ、ブルーベリー、人参、マカ、プルーン、アロエ、イチョウ、ノコギリヤシ、冬虫夏草、アマチャヅル、甘草、葛根等に代表される植物の根、葉、茎、実、花、幹、アガリクス茸、チャーガ茸、藻類、菌類、動物、魚介類等の生薬原料を細分化し乾燥して粉末にしたものをいう。また、この「生薬乾燥末」には、上記の生薬原料から生薬エキスを抽出した後の残存物を乾燥し細分化して粉末にしたものも含まれる。「生薬エキス末」は、上記の生薬原料から抽出した生薬エキス(液状)を乾燥して粉末にしたものをいう。例えば、生薬エキスを噴霧乾燥により粉末にする場合、抽出液の性質によってはデキストリン等の乾燥助剤を添加して乾燥処理を行うことがある。この場合、乾燥処理によって得られる粉末は、生薬エキス末のほか、乾燥助剤の乾燥末も含有しているが、本明細書では、このような粉末も含めて「生薬エキス末」という。
【0011】
本発明で使用する「生薬成分末」(原料粉末)は、経口用固形製剤を製造する際に一般的に使用される各種添加剤、例えば、賦形剤(乳糖、ショ糖など)、結合剤(ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドンなど)、崩壊剤(カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、澱粉類など)等の添加剤は配合していない。生薬成分末として、1種若しくは複数種の生薬乾燥末を配合した粉末、又は、1種若しくは複数種の生薬エキス末を配合した粉末を用いることができる。あるいは、1種若しくは複数種の生薬乾燥末と1種若しくは複数種の生薬エキス末との混合末を用いることができる。混合末とする場合、生薬乾燥末と生薬エキス末は同種のものを用いても良いし、異種のものを用いても良い。
【0012】
本発明で使用する「結合剤液」は、上記の生薬成分末と同種の生薬エキスを含む水溶液に0.01〜20重量%(結合剤液の全重量に占めるアルコールの重量割合)のアルコールを配合した水系結合剤液とするのが好ましい。経口用固形製剤を製造する際に一般的に使用される高分子添加剤、例えば、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン等の添加剤は含んでいない。生薬成分末として複数種の生薬乾燥末又は複数種の生薬エキス末を配合したものを用いる場合、あるいは、生薬成分末として生薬乾燥末と生薬エキス末との混合末を用いる場合、結合剤液に配合する生薬エキスは、生薬成分末に含まれる少なくとも1種の粉末と同種であれば良い(2種以上の粉末と同種にする場合、生薬エキスは粉末の種類に応じて複数種のものを配合する)。
【0013】
結合剤液に配合するアルコールとして、エタノール、メタノール等を用いることができるが、特にエタノールが好ましい。
【0014】
結合剤液に配合する生薬エキスの固形分濃度(結合剤液の全重量に占める生薬エキス固形分の重量割合)は、生薬エキスの種類・物性により、噴霧可能な範囲でできるだけ高い濃度にするのが好ましい。すなわち、粘度の高い生薬エキスは1重量%程度の低濃度で噴霧が可能であるが、粘度の低い生薬エキスは70重量%程度の高濃度でも噴霧が可能である。従って、生薬エキスの固形分濃度は1〜70重量%とするのが好ましい。一般的には、20〜35重量%の固形分濃度が適している。
【0015】
本発明で使用する流動層装置は、一般に、流動層容器の底部から導入した流動化気体によって粉粒体粒子を浮遊流動させて、流動層容器内に粉粒体粒子の流動層を形成しつつ、スプレーガンからスプレー液(結合剤液、膜剤液等)を噴霧して造粒又はコーティング処理を行うものである。スプレー方式としては、流動層の上方から下方向にスプレー液を噴霧する方式(トップスプレー方式)、流動層容器の底部から上方向にスプレー液を噴霧する方式(ボトムスプレー方式)、流動層の側部(底部に近い側)から略接線方向にスプレー液を噴霧する方式(タンジェンシャルスプレー方式)がある。この種の流動層装置の中で、粉粒体粒子の転動、噴流、及び攪拌の1種以上を伴うものは複合型流動層装置と呼ばれている。複合型流動装置には、流動層容器の下部に回転円盤を設け、回転円盤上で粉粒体粒子を転動させる転動流動層装置、さらに回転円盤に撹拌羽根を設けて撹拌効果を付加した転動流動層装置、流動層容器の内部にドラフトチューブを配設し、ドラフトチューブ内の上昇気流に乗って上昇する粉粒体粒子に向けて上向きにスプレー液を噴霧する、いわゆるワースター式流動層装置等がある。本発明では、上記に例示したものを含め、種々の公知の流動層装置をそれらの種類及びスプレー方式の如何を問わず使用することができる。
【0016】
本発明は、上記の各種添加剤を含まない生薬成分末を原料粉末として用いると共に、上記生薬成分末と同種の生薬エキスを含み、かつ、上記の各種添加剤を含まない水溶液を結合剤液として用いて造粒を行うので、仕上がり造粒物に占める生薬成分(有効成分)の含有量を従来に比べて格段に高めることができる。これにより、製剤製品の1回当たりの服用量を低減して、服用者の負担を軽減することができる。
【0017】
また、生薬成分末と同種の生薬エキスを配合した結合剤液を用いて造粒を行うので、結合剤液と生薬成分末との親和性が高く、造粒性が良い。また、結合剤液に少量のアルコールを配合することにより、結合剤液の界面張力が下がり、生薬成分末に対する浸透力が高まるので、造粒性は一層向上する。造粒性が向上することにより、粒度分布のシャープな仕上がり造粒物(生薬成分製剤)を高い収率で得ることができる。また、生薬成分末に対する結合剤液の浸透力が高まることにより、重質な仕上がり造粒物を得ることができる。
【0018】
生薬乾燥末は油分を含有するものが多く、水系結合剤液を用いて造粒することが困難な場合が多い。しかしながら、上述のように、結合剤液に少量のアルコールを配合することにより、結合剤液の界面張力が下がり、生薬乾燥末との親和性が向上するので、造粒性は大幅に改善される。一方、生薬エキスの多くはアルコールに不溶であり、アルコールの配合量が高すぎると、結合剤液中における生薬エキスの溶解性が低下し、十分な結合力が発現されない。また、アルコールの配合量が高くなると、結合剤液の引火点が低くなり、消防法等の法令で定める危険物に該当することとなる場合がある。この場合、造粒操作時の危険確率が増大し、また、設備の点では高価な防爆型が必要となる。アルコールを配合することにより得られる上記の効果を十分に発揮させ、同時に、結合剤液の引火点が法令で定める危険物に区分される温度よりも高くなるようにする観点から、アルコールの配合量は0.01〜20重量%、好ましくは0.01〜10重量%、さらに好ましくは0.5〜10重量%とするのが良い。尚、結合剤液の界面張力を下げる手段として、界面活性剤を配合することも考えられるが、医薬品添加物、食品添加物として認可されている製品が限定されており、また、健康安全面からも好ましいとは言えない。尚、結合剤液には、さらに所定の固形分濃度の生薬乾燥末を配合(懸濁・分散)しても良い。
【0019】
本発明の造粒方法によって製造された生薬成分製剤は、各粒子に占める生薬成分(有効成分)の含有量が従来製剤に比べて格段に高いので、1回当たりの服用量が少量で済み、服用者の負担が少ない。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
通常の流動層装置又は転動流動層装置の流動層溶器に生薬成分末を仕込み、流動層容器内で浮遊流動させつつ、上記生薬成分と同種の生薬エキスを含む水溶液に0.01〜20重量%のエタノールを配合した結合剤液を噴霧して造粒を行った。ここで、流動化気体(熱風)の給気風量を一定にした場合、造粒の進行(粒子成長)に伴う粒子重量の増加により、流動層高が低くなり、粒子の流動性が低下する現象が起こる。そこで、造粒の進行に伴い給気風量を段階的に増加させることにより、流動層高の低下、それによる粒子流動性の低下を防止して、粒子の良好な流動状態を維持した。
【0021】
造粒操作時に粒子の良好な流動状態を維持することにより、粗大粒子の生成を抑制して、仕上がり造粒物の粒度分をシャープにすることができる。また、流動層容器の壁面に付着した粒子が該容器内でダイナミックに流動する粒子によって掻き落とされて流動層に戻されるので、仕上がり造粒物の収率も向上する。
【0022】
一般に、この種の流動層装置では、流動層容器の上部にフィルターシステムを配設し、流動層容器内を舞い上がって排気ダクトに向かう微粉をフィルターシステムのフィルターで捕捉している。フィルターで捕捉した微粉は、フィルターシステムのクリーニング動作によって払い落として流動層に戻すが、その方式として、シングルシェーキング方式とツインシェーキング方式が知られている。前者は、クリーニング時に流動化気体の給気を停止し、フィルターのシェーキング動作によって捕捉した微粉を払い落とす方式である。生薬成分末の付着性・粘着性が低い処方の場合は、シングルシェーキング方式を採用しても造粒操作は可能であるが、流動の停止により、造粒途中の粒子同士が過剰に付着・凝集して粗大粒子が生成されやすい。さらに、生薬成分末の付着性・粘着性が高い処方の場合には、流動停止後の流動再開が困難になり、造粒操作ができなくなることがある。このような不都合を回避するため、クリーニング方式としてツインシェーキング方式を採用するのが好ましい。ツインシェーキング方式は、一般に、フィルター室を2分割し、各フィルター室のフィルターを交互にシェーキング動作させて捕捉した微粉を払い落とす方式である。一方のフィルター室のフィルターがシェーキング動作を行っている時、他方のフィルター室のフィルターは排気可能であるので、流動を停止することなく連続的な造粒が可能である。従って、ツインシェーキング方式を採用することにより、上記の不都合を回避することができる。
【0023】
【実施例】
生薬成分末処方と結合剤液処方を種々変えて造粒を行い、得られた造粒物の粒度分布と見掛比重を求めた(実施例1〜7、比較例1)。その結果を表1にまとめて示す。
【表1】

Figure 2004160165
【0024】
[実施例1]
生薬成分末処方:チャーガ茸乾燥末600g、チャーガ茸エキス末200g
結合剤液処方 :エチルアルコール60g、水540gの混合液600gにチャーガ茸エキス末200gを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0025】
上記処方の製薬成分末を流動層装置に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、造粒初期の微粉末がスプレーガンよりも上方に舞い上がると、結合剤液で湿潤される機会が少なくなり、造粒の進行が遅れて粒度分布がブロードになる。そこで、造粒初期は、微粉末の流動に適した給気風量に抑え、造粒の進行に伴い粒子が成長して重くなり、さらに結合剤液による湿潤で付着・凝集・粘着性が増加するに従い、給気風量を段階的に増加させて粒子の良好な流動状態を維持した。
【0026】
チャーガ茸乾燥末は若干の油部を含有するため、アルコールを配合していない水系結合剤液を用いた場合(表1の比較例1)、チャーガ茸乾燥末と結合剤液との親和性が悪く、結合剤液の噴霧時は湿潤により軽く付着・凝集していた粒子同士は、後の乾燥工程で分離して造粒されなかった。
【0027】
これに対して、実施例1では、結合剤液に少量のエチルアルコールを配合しているので、結合剤液とチャーガ茸乾燥末との親和性が高まり(結合剤液の界面張力が下がるため)、造粒性が改善できた。尚、結合剤液に配合されたエチルアルコールは、造粒工程又はその後の乾燥工程で蒸発する。
【0028】
また、造粒の進行に伴い給気風量を段階的に増加させることにより、造粒初期に静電気力やファンデルワールス力(粒子間力)によって流動層容器の壁面に付着していた微粉末が、該容器内でダイナミックに流動する粒子によって掻き落とされて流動層に戻されるので、収率も98〜99%となり、高い生産性が得られた。
【0029】
表1に示すように、実施例1の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0030】
[実施例2]
生薬成分末処方:春ウコン乾燥末800g
結合剤液処方 :エチルアルコール60g、水540gの混合液600gに春ウコンエキス末200gを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0031】
上記処方の製薬成分末を流動層装置に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、給気風量(給気温度75°C)は、実施例1と同様に、造粒の進行に伴い段階的に増加させた。
【0032】
実施例2においても、収率98〜99%の高い生産性が得られた。また、表1に示すように、実施例2の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0033】
[実施例3]
生薬成分末処方:春ウコン乾燥末400g、春ウコンエキス末200g、アガリクスエキス末200g
結合剤液処方 :エタノール60g、水540gの混合液600gに春ウコンエキス末200gを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0034】
上記処方の製薬成分末を転動流動層装置に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、給気風量(給気温度75°C)は、実施例1と同様に、造粒の進行に伴い段階的に増加させた。
【0035】
実施例3においても、収率98〜99%の高い生産性が得られた。また、表1に示すように、実施例3の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0036】
[実施例4]
生薬成分末処方:春ウコン乾燥末40kg、春ウコンエキス末10kg
結合剤液処方 :エタノール1.5kg、水13.5kgの混合液15kgに春ウコンエキス末5kgを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0037】
上記処方の製薬成分末を流動層装置(株式会社パウレック製「WSG−60」型)に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、給気風量(給気温度75°C)は、実施例1と同様に、造粒の進行に伴い段階的に増加させた。
【0038】
実施例4においても、収率98〜99%の高い生産性が得られた。また、表1に示すように、実施例4の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0039】
[実施例5]
生薬成分末処方:アガリクスエキス末300g、アガリクス菌糸体(茸)乾燥末500g
結合剤液処方 :エタノール5g、水595gの混合液600gにアガリクスエキス末200gを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0040】
上記処方の製薬成分末を流動層装置に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、給気風量(給気温度75°C)は、実施例1と同様に、造粒の進行に伴い段階的に増加させた。
【0041】
実施例5においても、収率98〜99%の高い生産性が得られた。また、表1に示すように、実施例5の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0042】
[実施例6]
生薬成分末処方:アガリクスエキス末15kg、アガリクス菌糸体(茸)乾燥末45kg
結合剤液処方 :エタノール0.5kg、水14.5kgの混合液15kgにアガリクスエキス末5kgを溶解(溶液中の固形分濃度=25%)
【0043】
上記処方の製薬成分末を流動層装置に仕込み、流動層容器内で流動させつつ、上記処方の結合剤液を流動層の上方から下向きに噴霧して造粒した。尚、給気風量(給気温度75°C)は、実施例1と同様に、造粒の進行に伴い段階的に増加させた。
【0044】
実施例6においても、収率98〜99%の高い生産性が得られた。また、表1に示すように、実施例6の造粒方法によって得られた造粒物はシャープな粒度分布を示し、かつ重質であった。この造粒物を用いて打錠したところ、打錠障害もなく良好な錠剤が得られた。
【0045】
[実施例7]
例えば、実施例4で用いたウコンは特有の苦味を有する。そこで、この苦味を緩和(マスキング)するために、実施例4で得られた造粒物に黒糖水溶液(固形分濃度30重量%)を噴霧添加し、服用時のウコンの苦味を黒糖の甘味で緩和した。黒糖溶液の浸透・被覆により、さらに重質の造粒物が得られた。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、水系結合剤液を使用して、生薬成分(有効成分)の含有量が高く、重質で粒度分布がシャープな生薬成分製剤を得ることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for granulating a crude drug component preparation used for a pharmaceutical product such as a dietary supplement, a health food, and a Chinese herbal medicine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Formulation products such as dietary supplements, health foods, and herbal medicines containing crude drug ingredients usually granulate dried herbal powder, herbal extract powder, or a mixture of herbal dried powder and herbal extract powder (crude drug powder). The granules obtained by the treatment are sold as powders, fine granules, granules or the like, or the granules are further adjusted to dosage forms such as tablets and capsules. However, in the production of crude drug component preparations, dried crude drug powder and crude drug extract powder as raw materials have high adhesion and tackiness, and it is difficult to produce granules having a uniform particle diameter with high yield. Therefore, various granulation methods have been conventionally proposed.
[0003]
For example, as a conventional granulation method, a method of spraying a crude drug extract solution to which a pregelatinized starch is added while suspending and flowing an excipient to granulate (Patent Literature 1), a method using a Chinese medicine extract powder and a water-absorbing additive. (Patent Document 2) intermittent spraying of water or an aqueous solution of a binder while hot-swirling and flowing the mixture in hot air (Patent Document 2), high water absorption of silica, synthetic aluminum silicate, lactose, starch, etc. A method in which powder is used as granulation core particles, and a binder liquid is sprayed while being agitated and agitated to granulate (Patent Document 3), and a method in which a crude drug component and an additive are used in combination (Patent Document 4). Are known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-12889 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2-300135 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-5-49901 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-6-192113
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When various additives such as excipients are used in combination during the granulation treatment, the proportion of the crude drug component (active ingredient) in the finished granulated material is reduced. Therefore, the daily dose may reach as many as 20 to 30 tablets, for example, in tablet form, and taking such a large amount of tablets places a heavy burden on the user.
[0006]
The crude drug extract powder has high solubility in water and can be granulated using water as a binder. In this case, however, there is a problem that the adherence to the inner wall of the processing container is large and the product yield is low.
[0007]
On the other hand, dried herbal medicine powder often contains oil, and it is difficult to granulate using an aqueous solution as a binder. This is because the dried herbal medicine containing oil and the aqueous binder liquid have poor affinity, and the binder hardly adheres to the dried herbal medicine powder. To solve this problem, it is conceivable to use an organic solvent-based binder solution. However, it is preferable to reduce the use of organic solvents as much as possible in view of global environmental protection and labor safety in recent years.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a granulation method capable of obtaining a crude drug component formulation having a high content of a crude drug component (active ingredient), a heavy crude drug component and a sharp particle size distribution, using an aqueous binder liquid.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a crude drug dry powder, a crude drug extract powder, and any one of the crude drug component powders selected from a mixed powder of a crude drug dry powder and a crude drug extract powder in a fluidized bed container. And granulating by spraying an aqueous solution containing a crude drug extract of the same type as the crude drug component powder as a binder liquid while fluidizing the mixture.
[0010]
Here, "herbal dry powder" is, for example, turmeric, bitter gourd, blueberry, carrot, maca, prune, aloe, ginkgo, saw palmetto, cordyceps, amachaworu, licorice, licorice, plant roots such as radish, stems, It refers to a crude drug substance such as a fruit, a flower, a stem, an agaricus mushroom, a chaga mushroom, an algae, a fungus, an animal, a seafood or the like, which is finely divided, dried and powdered. Further, the “dried crude drug” also includes a residue obtained by extracting a crude drug extract from the crude drug raw material, and drying the resulting residue to obtain a fine powder. The “crude extract powder” refers to a powder obtained by drying a crude drug extract (liquid) extracted from the above crude drug material. For example, when a crude drug extract is powdered by spray drying, a drying treatment may be performed by adding a drying aid such as dextrin depending on the properties of the extract. In this case, the powder obtained by the drying treatment contains, in addition to the crude drug extract powder, a dry powder of a drying aid, but in the present specification, such powder is also referred to as “crude drug extract powder”.
[0011]
The "crude drug component powder" (raw material powder) used in the present invention is composed of various additives generally used in the production of oral solid preparations, such as excipients (lactose, sucrose, etc.), binders Additives such as (hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.) and disintegrants (carboxymethylcellulose calcium, starches, etc.) are not blended. As the crude drug component powder, a powder containing one or more kinds of crude drug dry powder or a powder containing one or more kinds of crude drug extract powder can be used. Alternatively, a mixed powder of one or more kinds of herbal dry powders and one or more kinds of herbal extract powders can be used. In the case of a mixed powder, the dried herbal powder and the herbal extract powder may be of the same type or different types.
[0012]
The "binder solution" used in the present invention is obtained by adding 0.01 to 20% by weight (weight ratio of alcohol to the total weight of the binder solution) of an alcohol to an aqueous solution containing a crude drug extract of the same kind as the crude drug component powder. It is preferable to use a mixed aqueous binder liquid. It does not contain polymer additives generally used in the production of solid oral preparations, for example, additives such as hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone. When using a mixture of several types of herbal dry powder or multiple types of herbal extract powder as crude drug component powder, or when using a mixed powder of crude drug dry powder and crude drug extract powder as crude drug component powder, The herbal extract to be blended may be of the same type as at least one kind of powder contained in the crude drug component powder. (If two or more types of powder are used, the herbal extract may be composed of a plurality of types according to the type of powder. Do).
[0013]
Ethanol, methanol and the like can be used as the alcohol to be mixed in the binder liquid, but ethanol is particularly preferable.
[0014]
The solid content concentration of the crude drug extract (the weight ratio of the crude drug extract solids to the total weight of the binder solution) to be mixed with the binder solution should be as high as possible within the range that can be sprayed, depending on the type and physical properties of the crude drug extract. Is preferred. That is, a crude drug extract having a high viscosity can be sprayed at a low concentration of about 1% by weight, while a crude drug extract having a low viscosity can be sprayed at a high concentration of about 70% by weight. Therefore, the solid content concentration of the herbal extract is preferably set to 1 to 70% by weight. Generally, a solids concentration of 20 to 35% by weight is suitable.
[0015]
The fluidized bed apparatus used in the present invention is generally configured such that a fluidized gas introduced from the bottom of a fluidized bed vessel causes the particulate matter to float and flow, thereby forming a fluidized bed of the particulate matter particles in the fluidized bed vessel. And spraying a spray liquid (a binder liquid, a film agent liquid, etc.) from a spray gun to perform granulation or coating treatment. The spraying method includes spraying the spray liquid downward from above the fluidized bed (top spray method), spraying the spray liquid upward from the bottom of the fluidized bed container (bottom spray method), and the side of the fluidized bed. There is a method (tangential spray method) in which a spray liquid is sprayed in a substantially tangential direction from a portion (a side near the bottom). Among these types of fluidized bed apparatuses, those that involve at least one of rolling, jetting, and stirring of powder particles are called a composite fluidized bed apparatus. The combined fluidizing device is provided with a rotating disk at the lower part of the fluidized-bed container, a rolling fluidized-bed device for rolling granular material particles on the rotating disk, and a stirring blade provided on the rotating disk to add a stirring effect. A so-called Wurster-type fluidized bed in which a draft tube is arranged inside a tumbling fluidized bed device or fluidized bed vessel, and spray liquid is sprayed upward toward powder particles that rise by riding the rising airflow in the draft tube. There are devices. In the present invention, various known fluidized bed apparatuses including those exemplified above can be used irrespective of their type and spray method.
[0016]
The present invention uses a crude drug component powder not containing the above various additives as a raw material powder, and contains a crude drug extract of the same type as the above crude drug component powder, and an aqueous solution not containing the various additives as a binder liquid. Since granulation is performed using the granulated product, the content of the crude drug component (active ingredient) in the finished granulated product can be significantly increased as compared with the related art. This makes it possible to reduce the dose per dose of the pharmaceutical product, thereby reducing the burden on the user.
[0017]
In addition, since granulation is performed using a binder solution in which a crude drug extract of the same type as the crude drug component powder is blended, the affinity between the binder solution and the crude drug component powder is high, and the granulation property is good. Also, by adding a small amount of alcohol to the binder solution, the interfacial tension of the binder solution is reduced, and the penetrating power to the crude drug component powder is increased, so that the granulation property is further improved. By improving the granulation property, it is possible to obtain a finished granulated product (herbal drug component preparation) having a sharp particle size distribution in a high yield. In addition, by increasing the penetrating power of the binder solution to the crude drug component powder, a heavy finished granulated product can be obtained.
[0018]
Dried crude drug often contains an oil component, and it is often difficult to granulate using an aqueous binder solution. However, as described above, by adding a small amount of alcohol to the binder liquid, the interfacial tension of the binder liquid is reduced, and the affinity with the dried herbal medicine is improved, so that the granulation property is greatly improved. . On the other hand, many herbal extracts are insoluble in alcohol, and if the blending amount of the alcohol is too high, the solubility of the herbal extract in the binder solution is reduced, and sufficient binding power is not exhibited. In addition, when the blending amount of the alcohol increases, the flash point of the binder liquid decreases, which may correspond to a dangerous substance specified by laws and regulations such as the Fire Service Law. In this case, the probability of danger during the granulation operation increases, and an explosion-proof type that is expensive in terms of equipment is required. From the viewpoint of sufficiently exhibiting the above-mentioned effects obtained by blending alcohol, and at the same time, making the flash point of the binder liquid higher than the temperature classified as dangerous substances specified by law, the blending amount of alcohol Is preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. As a means for lowering the interfacial tension of the binder solution, it is conceivable to add a surfactant, but products that are approved as pharmaceutical additives and food additives are limited, and from the viewpoint of health and safety, Is also not preferred. The binder liquid may further contain (suspend / disperse) a dried herbal powder having a predetermined solid content concentration.
[0019]
In the crude drug component preparation produced by the granulation method of the present invention, the content of the crude drug component (active ingredient) in each particle is much higher than that of the conventional preparation, so that the dose per dose can be small, The burden on the user is small.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The crude drug component powder is charged in a fluidized bed dissolver of a normal fluidized bed apparatus or a tumbling fluidized bed apparatus, and while being floated and fluidized in a fluidized bed container, an aqueous solution containing a crude drug extract of the same type as the crude drug component is added to an aqueous solution of 0.01 to 20%. Granulation was performed by spraying a binder solution containing ethanol in a weight%. Here, when the flow rate of the fluidizing gas (hot air) is kept constant, the height of the fluidized bed decreases due to the increase in the particle weight due to the progress of granulation (particle growth), and the fluidity of the particles decreases. Happens. Thus, by increasing the amount of supplied air in a stepwise manner as the granulation proceeds, a decrease in the fluidized bed height and a decrease in the fluidity of the particles due to the increase were prevented, and the particles were kept in a good fluidized state.
[0021]
By maintaining a good fluidized state of the particles during the granulation operation, it is possible to suppress the generation of coarse particles and sharpen the particle size of the finished granulated product. Further, the particles attached to the wall surface of the fluidized-bed container are scraped off by the particles dynamically flowing in the container and returned to the fluidized bed, so that the yield of the finished granulated product is also improved.
[0022]
In general, in this type of fluidized bed apparatus, a filter system is disposed above the fluidized bed container, and fine particles flying up in the fluidized bed container and flowing to the exhaust duct are captured by a filter of the filter system. The fine powder captured by the filter is wiped off by the cleaning operation of the filter system and returned to the fluidized bed. As the method, a single shaking method and a twin shaking method are known. The former is a method in which the supply of the fluidizing gas is stopped during cleaning, and the fine powder captured by the shaking operation of the filter is removed. In the case of a formulation with low adhesion and tackiness of the crude drug component powder, the granulation operation can be performed even if the single shaking method is adopted, but due to the stoppage of flow, particles during granulation excessively adhere to each other. Agglomeration tends to produce coarse particles. Furthermore, in the case of a formulation having high adhesion and tackiness of the crude drug component powder, it is difficult to resume flow after stopping flow, and the granulation operation may not be performed. In order to avoid such inconvenience, it is preferable to adopt a twin shaking method as a cleaning method. In general, the twin shaking method is a method in which a filter chamber is divided into two, and the filters in each filter chamber are alternately shaken to remove captured fine powder. When the filter in one filter chamber is performing a shaking operation, the filter in the other filter chamber can be evacuated, so that continuous granulation can be performed without stopping the flow. Therefore, by adopting the twin shaking method, the above-mentioned inconvenience can be avoided.
[0023]
【Example】
Granulation was carried out with the crude drug component powder formulation and the binder liquid formulation varied, and the particle size distribution and apparent specific gravity of the obtained granules were determined (Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Example 1). The results are summarized in Table 1.
[Table 1]
Figure 2004160165
[0024]
[Example 1]
Crude drug ingredient powder prescription: Chaga mushroom dry powder 600g, Chaga mushroom extract powder 200g
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 200 g of chaga mushroom extract powder in 600 g of a mixed solution of 60 g of ethyl alcohol and 540 g of water (solid concentration in solution = 25%)
[0025]
The pharmaceutical component powder of the above formulation was charged into a fluidized bed apparatus, and while flowing in a fluidized bed container, the binder liquid of the above formulation was sprayed downward from above the fluidized bed and granulated. When the fine powder in the initial stage of granulation soars above the spray gun, the chance of wetting with the binder liquid decreases, and the progress of granulation is delayed, and the particle size distribution becomes broad. Therefore, in the initial stage of granulation, the supply air volume is adjusted to the flow rate suitable for the flow of fine powder, and the particles grow and become heavier as the granulation progresses, and the adhesion, agglomeration, and tackiness increase due to the wetting by the binder solution , The supply air volume was increased stepwise to maintain a good flow state of the particles.
[0026]
Since the dried chaga mushroom powder contains a small amount of oil, when an aqueous binder solution containing no alcohol is used (Comparative Example 1 in Table 1), the affinity between the dried chaga mushroom powder and the binder solution is low. At the time of spraying the binder liquid, the particles which were lightly adhered and aggregated due to wetting were not separated and granulated in the subsequent drying step.
[0027]
On the other hand, in Example 1, since a small amount of ethyl alcohol is added to the binder solution, the affinity between the binder solution and dried chaga mushroom powder increases (because the interfacial tension of the binder solution decreases). And the granulation properties could be improved. In addition, the ethyl alcohol mixed in the binder liquid evaporates in the granulation step or the subsequent drying step.
[0028]
In addition, by gradually increasing the air supply volume as the granulation progresses, the fine powder adhering to the wall of the fluidized bed vessel due to electrostatic force or van der Waals force (interparticle force) in the early stage of granulation Since the particles which are dynamically flowing in the container are scraped off and returned to the fluidized bed, the yield was 98 to 99%, and high productivity was obtained.
[0029]
As shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 1 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0030]
[Example 2]
Crude drug component powder prescription: Spring turmeric dry powder 800g
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 200 g of spring turmeric extract powder in 600 g of a mixed solution of 60 g of ethyl alcohol and 540 g of water (solid concentration in solution = 25%)
[0031]
The pharmaceutical component powder of the above formulation was charged into a fluidized bed apparatus, and while flowing in a fluidized bed container, the binder liquid of the above formulation was sprayed downward from above the fluidized bed and granulated. The supply air volume (supply air temperature 75 ° C.) was increased stepwise as the granulation progressed, as in Example 1.
[0032]
Also in Example 2, high productivity with a yield of 98 to 99% was obtained. Further, as shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 2 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0033]
[Example 3]
Crude drug component powder prescription: Spring turmeric dry powder 400g, Spring turmeric extract powder 200g, Agaricus extract powder 200g
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 200 g of spring turmeric extract powder in 600 g of a mixture of 60 g of ethanol and 540 g of water (solids concentration in solution = 25%)
[0034]
The pharmaceutical component powder of the above formulation was charged into a tumbling fluidized bed apparatus and granulated by spraying the binder liquid of the above formulation downward from above the fluidized bed while flowing in a fluidized bed container. The supply air volume (supply air temperature 75 ° C.) was increased stepwise as the granulation progressed, as in Example 1.
[0035]
In Example 3, high productivity with a yield of 98 to 99% was obtained. Further, as shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 3 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0036]
[Example 4]
Herbal medicine powder prescription: spring turmeric dry powder 40kg, spring turmeric extract powder 10kg
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 5 kg of spring turmeric extract powder in 15 kg of a mixture of 1.5 kg of ethanol and 13.5 kg of water (solids concentration in solution = 25%)
[0037]
The pharmaceutical ingredient powder of the above formulation is charged into a fluidized bed apparatus (“WSG-60” manufactured by Powrex Corporation), and the binder liquid of the above formulation is sprayed downward from above the fluidized bed while flowing in a fluidized bed container. And granulated. The supply air volume (supply air temperature 75 ° C.) was increased stepwise as the granulation progressed, as in Example 1.
[0038]
Also in Example 4, high productivity with a yield of 98 to 99% was obtained. Further, as shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 4 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0039]
[Example 5]
Herbal medicine powder prescription: Agaricus extract powder 300g, Agaricus mycelium (mushroom) dry powder 500g
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 200 g of Agaricus extract powder in 600 g of a mixed solution of 5 g of ethanol and 595 g of water (solid concentration in solution = 25%)
[0040]
The pharmaceutical component powder of the above formulation was charged into a fluidized bed apparatus, and while flowing in a fluidized bed container, the binder liquid of the above formulation was sprayed downward from above the fluidized bed and granulated. The supply air volume (supply air temperature 75 ° C.) was increased stepwise as the granulation progressed, as in Example 1.
[0041]
Also in Example 5, high productivity with a yield of 98 to 99% was obtained. Further, as shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 5 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0042]
[Example 6]
Crude drug component powder prescription: Agaricus extract powder 15kg, Agaricus mycelium (mushroom) dry powder 45kg
Binder solution formulation: Dissolve 5 kg of Agaricus extract powder in 15 kg of a mixture of 0.5 kg of ethanol and 14.5 kg of water (solids concentration in solution = 25%)
[0043]
The pharmaceutical component powder of the above formulation was charged into a fluidized bed apparatus, and while flowing in a fluidized bed container, the binder liquid of the above formulation was sprayed downward from above the fluidized bed and granulated. The supply air volume (supply air temperature 75 ° C.) was increased stepwise as the granulation progressed, as in Example 1.
[0044]
Also in Example 6, high productivity with a yield of 98 to 99% was obtained. Further, as shown in Table 1, the granulated product obtained by the granulating method of Example 6 showed a sharp particle size distribution and was heavy. When tableting was performed using this granulated product, a good tablet was obtained without tableting trouble.
[0045]
[Example 7]
For example, the turmeric used in Example 4 has a unique bitter taste. Therefore, in order to alleviate (mask) the bitterness, an aqueous solution of brown sugar (solid content: 30% by weight) is spray-added to the granules obtained in Example 4, and the bitterness of turmeric at the time of ingestion is determined by the sweetness of brown sugar. Relaxed. Heavier granules were obtained by permeation and coating with the brown sugar solution.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the content of a crude drug component (active ingredient) is high, a heavy crude drug component formulation with a sharp particle size distribution can be obtained using an aqueous binder liquid.

Claims (5)

生薬乾燥末、生薬エキス末、及び、生薬乾燥末と生薬エキス末との混合末の中から選択される何れか一の生薬成分末を流動層容器内で流動させつつ、前記生薬成分末と同種の生薬エキスを含む水溶液を結合剤液として噴霧して造粒する生薬成分製剤の造粒方法。Crude drug dry powder, crude drug extract powder, and, while flowing any one of the crude drug component powders selected from the mixed powder of the crude drug dry powder and the crude drug extract powder in a fluidized bed container, the same kind as the crude drug component powder A granulation method of a crude drug component preparation, wherein an aqueous solution containing the crude drug extract is sprayed and granulated. 前記結合剤液に0.01〜20重量%のアルコールを配合した請求項1記載の生薬成分製剤の造粒方法。The method for granulating a crude drug component preparation according to claim 1, wherein 0.01 to 20% by weight of alcohol is blended with the binder liquid. 前記アルコールがエタノールである請求項2記載の生薬成分製剤の造粒方法。The method for granulating a crude drug component preparation according to claim 2, wherein the alcohol is ethanol. 前記結合剤液中の生薬エキスの固形分濃度が1〜70重量%である請求項1から3の何れかに記載の生薬成分製剤の造粒方法。The method for granulating a crude drug component preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a solid content concentration of the crude drug extract in the binder liquid is 1 to 70% by weight. 請求項1から4に記載の何れかの造粒方法によって製造された生薬成分製剤。A crude drug component preparation produced by the granulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006131548A (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Pauretsuku:Kk Method for producing particle
JP2010536718A (en) * 2007-08-16 2010-12-02 ビリメド・(ユーケイ)・リミテッド Use of an extract or extract compound from Pipercube L. as an active ingredient in a medicament for the treatment of cancer
JP2013018769A (en) * 2011-06-14 2013-01-31 Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd Galenical-containing solid preparation

Family Cites Families (6)

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KR960002178B1 (en) * 1990-10-22 1996-02-13 가네보오 가부시끼가이샤 Process for preparing solid preparation containing extractives of
JPH06192113A (en) * 1992-09-25 1994-07-12 Powrex:Kk Method for granulating galenicals and solid pharmaceutical preparation
CN1109779A (en) * 1995-01-25 1995-10-11 余练康 Once-granulating process of ginseng and bupleurum root particles for curing hepatitis
JP3854384B2 (en) * 1996-09-06 2006-12-06 株式会社パウレック Granulation control device and granulation control method
DE19645712A1 (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-05-07 Laevosan Gmbh & Co Kg Manufacture of dry lactulose dosage forms
JP3363438B2 (en) * 2000-05-02 2003-01-08 ビオフェルミン製薬株式会社 Dried bacterial cells by spray drying

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006131548A (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Pauretsuku:Kk Method for producing particle
JP2010536718A (en) * 2007-08-16 2010-12-02 ビリメド・(ユーケイ)・リミテッド Use of an extract or extract compound from Pipercube L. as an active ingredient in a medicament for the treatment of cancer
JP2013018769A (en) * 2011-06-14 2013-01-31 Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd Galenical-containing solid preparation

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