JP2004158279A - Fuel cell cooling device of fuel cell electric vehicle - Google Patents

Fuel cell cooling device of fuel cell electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004158279A
JP2004158279A JP2002322364A JP2002322364A JP2004158279A JP 2004158279 A JP2004158279 A JP 2004158279A JP 2002322364 A JP2002322364 A JP 2002322364A JP 2002322364 A JP2002322364 A JP 2002322364A JP 2004158279 A JP2004158279 A JP 2004158279A
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fuel cell
coolant
cooling water
cooling
circulation circuit
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JP4008335B2 (en
Inventor
Tetsuya Yoshida
哲也 吉田
Yoshiro Shimoyama
義郎 下山
Mitsuharu Imazeki
光晴 今関
Takayuki Nishiyama
隆之 西山
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling device of a fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle in which a warming-up period can be shortened. <P>SOLUTION: This cooling device 2 of the fuel cell of the fuel cell vehicle V is provided with the fuel cell 5, a radiator 3 to cool cooling liquid by heat dissipation, a cooling water circulation circuit 20 to circulate the cooling water between the fuel cell 5 and the radiator 3, a bypass channel 15 to make the cooling water flow by bypassing the radiator 3, a thermostat valve 7 to switch the cooling water made to flow into the radiator 3 or into the bypass channel 15 according to the temperature of the cooling water, and an FC box 4 to house at least the fuel cell 5, the bypass channel 15, the thermostat valve 7, and a bypass circulation circuit 21 to circulate the cooling water through these. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、燃料電池自動車に搭載された燃料電池を冷却する冷却装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
燃料電池としては、例えば固体高分子型燃料電池（ＰＥＭＦＣ）などが知られている。この燃料電池は、固体高分子電解質膜をアノード極とカソード極とで挟んでなる膜電極接合体を複数積層して、燃料電池スタックとして構成されており、燃料ガス（例えば、水素）と酸化剤ガス（例えば酸素あるいは空気）を反応ガスとして供給することで発電する。この燃料電池では、発電性能等の観点から、発電時の燃料電池を所定温度（例えば、７０゜Ｃ前後）に保つのが好ましい。
しかしながら、この種の燃料電池では発電に伴って発熱するので、燃料電池を前記所定温度に保持するためには冷却をする必要がある。そのため、燃料電池は一般に冷却システムを備えている。この冷却システムは液冷式が一般的であり、燃料電池に冷却液を流して冷却し、燃料電池から熱を奪って温まった冷却液を熱交換器で放熱して冷却し、再び燃料電池の冷却液として循環させる冷却システムが多く採用されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
また、燃料電池自動車の場合には、燃料電池だけでなく、この燃料電池から給電されて動作する車両駆動用モータも冷却する必要がある。そのため、燃料電池自動車では、燃料電池の冷却系と車両駆動用モータの冷却系を備えている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
この特許文献２に開示された燃料電池自動車では、燃料電池を冷却する冷却液が循環する燃料電池冷却液循環回路と、車両駆動用モータを冷却する冷却液が循環するモータ冷却液循環回路を別々に備えている。そして、燃料電池冷却液循環回路は燃料電池と熱交換器を通って冷却液が循環するように構成されており、モータ冷却液循環回路は、ラジエターとモータと前記熱交換器を通って冷却液が循環する回路と、冷却液温度が低い時にラジエターをバイパスして冷却液を循環可能にするバイパス通路と、冷却液温度に応じて冷却液をバイパス通路とラジエターのいずれに流すか切り替えるサーモスタットバルブから構成されている。前記熱交換器は、燃料電池冷却液循環回路における燃料電池冷却後の冷却液と、モータ冷却液循環回路におけるモータ冷却後の冷却液を非接触で熱交換する装置であり、モータ冷却後の冷却液によって燃料電池冷却後の冷却液を冷却している
また、特許文献２には、前記燃料電池冷却液循環回路の冷却液の凍結を防止するために、燃料電池冷却液循環回路を断熱箱に収納することが開示されている。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−１４１０７９号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−３２３１４６号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献２に開示された燃料電池自動車においては、暖機運転時の放熱が大きく、燃料電池の暖機時間が長くなるという問題がある。
詳述すると、モータ冷却液循環回路において、冷却液温度が低い暖機運転時にはサーモスタットバルブがバイパス通路に冷却液を流すように切り替わり、ラジエターをバイパスして冷却液が循環するようになる。一方、燃料電池冷却液循環回路においては暖機運転時にも通常と同様に冷却液が循環しており、この間も燃料電池は発電に伴って発熱するので、その熱によって冷却液は燃料電池を流通する際に温められる。そして、燃料電池冷却液循環回路の冷却液とモータ冷却液循環回路の冷却液が熱交換器で熱交換し、燃料電池冷却液循環回路の冷却液によってモータ冷却液循環回路の冷却液が温められる。
【０００６】
ところが、熱交換器でモータ冷却液循環回路の冷却液を温めても、断熱箱に収納されているのは燃料電池冷却液循環回路だけであり、モータ冷却液循環回路は露出しているので、モータ冷却液循環回路から放熱してしまい、モータ冷却液循環回路の冷却液の温度上昇が遅くなる。また、モータ冷却液循環回路の冷却液の温度上昇が遅くなると、この冷却液と熱交換している燃料電池冷却液循環回路の冷却液の温度上昇も遅くなり、結局、燃料電池の暖機に時間が長くかかることとなる。
そこで、この発明は、暖機時間の短縮を図ることができる燃料電池自動車の燃料電池冷却装置を提供するものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、請求項１に係る発明は、燃料電池（例えば、後述する実施の形態における燃料電池５）と、放熱により冷却液を冷却するラジエター（例えば、後述する実施の形態におけるラジエター３）と、前記燃料電池と前記ラジエターの間で前記冷却液を循環させる冷却液循環回路（例えば、後述する実施の形態における冷却水循環回路２０）と、前記冷却液を前記ラジエターをバイパスして流すバイパス通路（例えば、後述する実施の形態におけるバイパス通路１５）と、前記冷却液の温度に応じて冷却液を前記ラジエターと前記バイパス通路のいずれに流すか切り替える切り替え手段（例えば、後述する実施の形態におけるサーモスタットバルブ７）と、少なくとも前記燃料電池と前記バイパス通路と前記切り替え手段とこれらを通って前記冷却液を循環させるバイパス循環回路（例えば、後述する実施の形態におけるバイパス循環回路２１）とを収納するボックス（例えば、後述する実施の形態におけるＦＣボックス４）と、を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池自動車の燃料電池冷却装置である。
【０００８】
このように構成することにより、燃料電池の暖機運転時に、前記切り替え手段によって冷却液がバイパス通路に流れるように切り替えられたときに、冷却液は、燃料電池と、バイパス通路と、切り替え手段と、これらを通って冷却液を循環させるバイパス循環回路に流れるようになるが、これらは総てボックスに収納されているので、冷却液の熱がボックスの外に放熱されるのを抑制することができる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明に係る燃料電池自動車の燃料電池冷却装置の一実施の形態を図１および図２の図面を参照して説明する。
図１および図２は燃料電池自動車Ｖに搭載された燃料電池冷却装置２の平面配置図である。
燃料電池自動車Ｖは、車両の後部に水素タンク３０が設置され、車両の前部にラジエター３および車両駆動モータ８が設置され、水素タンク３０よりも車両前方側で、燃料電池自動車Ｖの前後方向に延びるメインフレーム１の下部にＦＣボックス４が設置されている。
ＦＣボックス４は密閉された箱であり、ＦＣボックス４内には、水素タンク３０の水素と、図示しない圧縮機によって酸化剤としての空気が供給されて発電を行う固体高分子型燃料電池５と、冷却水ポンプ６と、サーモスタットバルブ（切り替え手段）７が収納されている。
燃料電池自動車Ｖは、燃料電池５の発電電力を車両駆動モータ８に供給し、その駆動力で推進する。車両駆動モータ８は図示しない車両駆動モータ用の専用ラジエターとの間で循環する冷却水によって冷却される。この車両駆動モータ８の冷却系は、後述する燃料電池冷却装置２とは別に構成されており、両者の間で熱の受け渡しはないように構成されている。
【００１０】
燃料電池５は冷却水（冷却液）が流通する冷却通路を備えており、燃料電池５の冷却通路出口５ｂは第１冷却水通路１１を介して冷却水ポンプ６の入口６ａに接続され、冷却水ポンプ６の出口６ｂは第２冷却水通路１２を介してラジエター３の入口３ａに接続され、ラジエター３の出口３ｂは第３冷却水通路１３を介してサーモスタットバルブ７の第１ポート７ａに接続され、サーモスタットバルブ７の第２ポート７ｂは第４冷却水通路１４を介して燃料電池５の冷却通路入口５ａに接続されている。ここで、燃料電池５の冷却通路出口５ｂから第１冷却水通路１１〜第４冷却水通路１４を通って燃料電池５の冷却水入口５ａに戻る回路は冷却水循環回路（冷却液循環回路）２０を構成する。
【００１１】
また、第２冷却水通路１２において冷却水ポンプ６の出口６ｂ近傍とサーモスタットバルブ７の第３ポート７ｃはバイパス通路１５によって接続されている。ここで、燃料電池５の冷却通路出口５ｂから第１冷却水通路１１、バイパス通路１５、第４冷却水通路１４を通って燃料電池５の冷却通路入口５ａに戻る回路はバイパス循環回路２１を構成する。このバイパス循環回路２１はＦＣボックス４内に収納されている。
なお、図示を省略するが、ＦＣボックス４には、上述した機器や冷却水回路以外に、水素タンク３０の水素を燃料電池５に供給するための水素ポンプや加湿器等の燃料電池５の周辺機器も収納されている。
【００１２】
サーモスタットバルブ７はサーモスタットバルブ７を流れる冷却水の温度に応じて冷却水の流路を切り替えるバルブであり、冷却水温度が所定温度ｔ１以下のときに、第２ポート７ｂと第３ポート７ｃを接続し第１ポート７ａを閉塞して、冷却水をラジエター３に流れないようにしバイパス通路１５に流れるようにする。この場合、冷却水は、図１において矢印で示すように、燃料電池５、冷却水ポンプ６、バイパス通路１５、サーモスタットバルブ７を通るバイパス循環回路２１を循環する。
また、サーモスタットバルブ７は、冷却水温度が前記所定温度ｔ１よりも高い別の所定温度ｔ２（ｔ１＜ｔ２）以上のときに、第１ポート７ａと第２ポート７ｂを接続し第３ポート７ｃを閉塞して、冷却水をバイパス通路１５に流れないようにしラジエター３に流れるようにする。この場合、冷却水は、図２において矢印で示すように、燃料電池５、冷却水ポンプ６、ラジエター３、サーモスタットバルブ７を通る冷却水循環回路２０を循環する。
なお、冷却水温度がｔ１とｔ２の間にある場合には、サーモスタットバルブ７は総てのポート７ａ〜７ｃが連通するため、冷却水は冷却水循環回路２０とバイパス循環回路２１の両方を循環する。
【００１３】
このように構成された燃料電池冷却装置２においては、燃料電池５の暖機運転時には冷却水温度が所定温度ｔ１よりも低いことから、サーモスタットバルブ７は冷却水をバイパス通路１５に流れるように流路を切り替える。これにより、冷却水はラジエター３をバイパスし、バイパス循環回路２１を循環するようになる。
このとき、燃料電池５へ水素と酸素（空気）を供給することで、燃料電池５の発電に伴う熱によって冷却液が温められる。また、燃料電池５が局所的に過熱されないように、冷却水ポンプ６を駆動して冷却水を所定流量循環させる。
このバイパス循環回路２１はＦＣボックス４に収納されているので、暖機運転中はＦＣボックス４の外を冷却水が循環することがない。したがって、暖機運転中に冷却水の熱がＦＣボックス４の外に放熱されるのを抑制することができ、その結果、バイパス循環回路２１を循環する冷却水の温度上昇を速めることができる。
これにより、暖機時間を短縮することができ、燃料電池自動車の始動性を向上することができる。
【００１４】
そして、バイパス循環回路２１を循環する冷却水の温度が所定温度ｔ２以上になると、サーモスタットバルブ７は冷却水がバイパス通路１５に流れずラジエター３に流れるように流路を切り替え、冷却水は冷却水循環回路２０を循環する。冷却水が冷却水循環回路２０を循環するときには、冷却水はラジエター３において空気と熱交換して冷却され、冷却された冷却水によって燃料電池５が冷却される。これにより、燃料電池５が所定温度に制御される。
【００１５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明するように、請求項１に係る発明によれば、燃料電池の暖機運転時に冷却液の熱がボックスの外に放熱されるのを抑制することができるので、冷却液の温度上昇を速めることができ、暖機時間を短縮することができる。その結果、燃料電池自動車の始動性を向上することができるという優れた効果が奏される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明に係る燃料電池自動車の燃料電池冷却装置の一実施の形態における平面配置図であり、暖機時における冷却水の流れを示す図である。
【図２】前記実施の形態における燃料電池冷却装置において暖機完了後の冷却液の流れを示す図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｖ 燃料電池自動車
２ 燃料電池冷却装置
３ ラジエター
４ ＦＣボックス（ボックス）
５ 燃料電池
７ サーモスタットバルブ（切り替え手段）
１５ バイパス通路
２０ 冷却水循環回路（冷却液循環回路）
２１ バイパス循環回路[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling device for cooling a fuel cell mounted on a fuel cell vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a fuel cell, for example, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) and the like are known. This fuel cell is configured as a fuel cell stack by stacking a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies each having a solid polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, and configured as a fuel cell stack including a fuel gas (for example, hydrogen) and an oxidant. Electric power is generated by supplying a gas (for example, oxygen or air) as a reaction gas. In this fuel cell, it is preferable to keep the fuel cell at a predetermined temperature (for example, around 70 ° C.) during power generation from the viewpoint of power generation performance and the like.
However, this type of fuel cell generates heat with power generation, and thus needs to be cooled in order to maintain the fuel cell at the predetermined temperature. Therefore, fuel cells generally have a cooling system. This cooling system is generally of a liquid cooling type, in which a cooling liquid is supplied to a fuel cell for cooling, heat is taken from the fuel cell, and the heated cooling liquid is radiated by a heat exchanger to be cooled, and then cooled again. Many cooling systems that circulate as a cooling liquid are employed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
Further, in the case of a fuel cell vehicle, it is necessary to cool not only the fuel cell but also a vehicle drive motor that operates by being supplied with power from the fuel cell. Therefore, a fuel cell vehicle is provided with a cooling system for the fuel cell and a cooling system for the motor for driving the vehicle (for example, see Patent Document 2).
In the fuel cell vehicle disclosed in Patent Document 2, a fuel cell coolant circulation circuit in which coolant for cooling the fuel cell circulates and a motor coolant circulation circuit in which coolant for cooling the vehicle drive motor circulates separately. In preparation. The fuel cell coolant circulation circuit is configured to circulate the coolant through the fuel cell and the heat exchanger, and the motor coolant circulation circuit includes a radiator, a motor, and the coolant through the heat exchanger. From the circuit that circulates, the bypass passage that bypasses the radiator when the coolant temperature is low and allows the coolant to circulate, and the thermostat valve that switches between the bypass passage and the radiator depending on the coolant temperature It is configured. The heat exchanger is a device for non-contact heat exchange between the coolant after cooling the fuel cell in the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit and the coolant after the motor cooling in the motor coolant circulation circuit. Patent Literature 2 discloses that the fuel cell cooling liquid circulation circuit is provided in an insulated box in order to prevent the cooling liquid in the fuel cell cooling liquid circulation circuit from freezing. The storage is disclosed.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-14079 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-323146 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the fuel cell vehicle disclosed in Patent Literature 2 has a problem that heat radiation during the warm-up operation is large, and the warm-up time of the fuel cell is prolonged.
More specifically, in the motor coolant circulation circuit, during a warm-up operation in which the coolant temperature is low, the thermostat valve is switched to flow the coolant through the bypass passage, and the coolant circulates bypassing the radiator. On the other hand, in the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit, the coolant circulates as usual during the warm-up operation, and during this time, the fuel cell generates heat with power generation, and the heat causes the coolant to flow through the fuel cell. Warm when you do. The coolant in the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit and the coolant in the motor coolant circulation circuit exchange heat in the heat exchanger, and the coolant in the motor coolant circulation circuit is heated by the coolant in the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit. .
[0006]
However, even when the coolant in the motor coolant circulation circuit is heated by the heat exchanger, only the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit is stored in the heat insulation box, and the motor coolant circulation circuit is exposed. The heat is radiated from the motor coolant circulation circuit, and the temperature rise of the coolant in the motor coolant circulation circuit is delayed. In addition, if the temperature rise of the coolant in the motor coolant circulation circuit becomes slow, the temperature rise of the coolant in the fuel cell coolant circulation circuit that exchanges heat with this coolant also becomes slow, which eventually leads to warming up of the fuel cell. This will take a long time.
Therefore, the present invention provides a fuel cell cooling device for a fuel cell vehicle, which can shorten the warm-up time.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a fuel cell (for example, a fuel cell 5 in an embodiment described later) and a radiator that cools a cooling liquid by heat radiation (for example, in an embodiment described later). A radiator 3), a coolant circulating circuit for circulating the coolant between the fuel cell and the radiator (for example, a coolant circulating circuit 20 in an embodiment described later), and passing the coolant through the radiator. A bypass passage (for example, a bypass passage 15 in an embodiment to be described later) that flows, and switching means (for example, an embodiment to be described later) that switches between the radiator and the bypass passage according to the temperature of the coolant. Valve in the form 7), at least the fuel cell, the bypass passage and the switching means A box (for example, an FC box 4 in an embodiment to be described later) for storing a bypass circulation circuit (for example, a bypass circulation circuit 21 in an embodiment to be described later) for circulating the coolant therethrough. A fuel cell cooling device for a fuel cell vehicle characterized by the following.
[0008]
With this configuration, during the warm-up operation of the fuel cell, when the switching means is switched to flow the coolant through the bypass passage, the cooling liquid is supplied to the fuel cell, the bypass passage, and the switching means. Flow through the bypass circulation circuit that circulates the coolant through them, but since these are all housed in the box, it is possible to suppress the heat of the coolant from being radiated outside the box. it can.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a fuel cell cooling device for a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
1 and 2 are plan layout views of a fuel cell cooling device 2 mounted on a fuel cell vehicle V.
In the fuel cell vehicle V, a hydrogen tank 30 is installed at the rear of the vehicle, a radiator 3 and a vehicle drive motor 8 are installed at the front of the vehicle. The FC box 4 is installed at the lower part of the main frame 1 extending to the bottom.
The FC box 4 is a closed box. In the FC box 4, hydrogen in a hydrogen tank 30 and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell 5 that generates power by supplying air as an oxidant by a compressor (not shown) are provided. , A cooling water pump 6 and a thermostat valve (switching means) 7 are housed therein.
The fuel cell vehicle V supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell 5 to the vehicle drive motor 8, and propells the vehicle with the driving force. The vehicle drive motor 8 is cooled by cooling water circulating between the vehicle drive motor 8 and a dedicated radiator (not shown). The cooling system of the vehicle drive motor 8 is configured separately from a fuel cell cooling device 2 described later, and is configured so that heat is not transferred between the two.
[0010]
The fuel cell 5 is provided with a cooling passage through which cooling water (cooling liquid) flows, and a cooling passage outlet 5b of the fuel cell 5 is connected to an inlet 6a of the cooling water pump 6 via the first cooling water passage 11 to cool the fuel. The outlet 6b of the water pump 6 is connected to the inlet 3a of the radiator 3 via the second cooling water passage 12, and the outlet 3b of the radiator 3 is connected to the first port 7a of the thermostat valve 7 via the third cooling water passage 13. The second port 7b of the thermostat valve 7 is connected to the cooling passage inlet 5a of the fuel cell 5 via the fourth cooling water passage 14. Here, a circuit that returns from the cooling passage outlet 5b of the fuel cell 5 to the cooling water inlet 5a of the fuel cell 5 through the first to fourth cooling water passages 11 to 14 is a cooling water circulation circuit (coolant circulation circuit) 20. Is composed.
[0011]
In the second cooling water passage 12, the vicinity of the outlet 6 b of the cooling water pump 6 and the third port 7 c of the thermostat valve 7 are connected by a bypass passage 15. Here, a circuit that returns from the cooling passage outlet 5b of the fuel cell 5 to the cooling passage inlet 5a of the fuel cell 5 through the first cooling water passage 11, the bypass passage 15, and the fourth cooling water passage 14 constitutes a bypass circulation circuit 21. I do. The bypass circuit 21 is housed in the FC box 4.
Although not shown, the FC box 4 includes, in addition to the above-described devices and the cooling water circuit, a hydrogen pump for supplying hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 30 to the fuel cell 5 and a humidifier and the like around the fuel cell 5. Equipment is also housed.
[0012]
The thermostat valve 7 is a valve that switches the flow path of the cooling water according to the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the thermostat valve 7, and connects the second port 7b and the third port 7c when the cooling water temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature t1. Then, the first port 7 a is closed to prevent the cooling water from flowing to the radiator 3 and to flow to the bypass passage 15. In this case, the cooling water circulates in the bypass circulation circuit 21 passing through the fuel cell 5, the cooling water pump 6, the bypass passage 15, and the thermostat valve 7, as indicated by the arrow in FIG.
The thermostat valve 7 connects the first port 7a to the second port 7b and connects the third port 7c when the cooling water temperature is equal to or higher than another predetermined temperature t2 (t1 <t2) higher than the predetermined temperature t1. The cooling water is blocked so as not to flow to the bypass passage 15 and to flow to the radiator 3. In this case, the cooling water circulates through a cooling water circulation circuit 20 passing through the fuel cell 5, the cooling water pump 6, the radiator 3, and the thermostat valve 7, as indicated by arrows in FIG.
When the cooling water temperature is between t1 and t2, the thermostat valve 7 communicates with all of the ports 7a to 7c, so that the cooling water circulates through both the cooling water circulation circuit 20 and the bypass circulation circuit 21. .
[0013]
In the fuel cell cooling device 2 configured as described above, since the cooling water temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature t1 during the warm-up operation of the fuel cell 5, the thermostat valve 7 allows the cooling water to flow through the bypass passage 15. Switch the road. As a result, the cooling water bypasses the radiator 3 and circulates in the bypass circuit 21.
At this time, by supplying hydrogen and oxygen (air) to the fuel cell 5, the coolant is heated by the heat generated by the power generation of the fuel cell 5. Further, the cooling water pump 6 is driven to circulate the cooling water at a predetermined flow rate so that the fuel cell 5 is not locally heated.
Since this bypass circulation circuit 21 is housed in the FC box 4, the cooling water does not circulate outside the FC box 4 during the warm-up operation. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the heat of the cooling water from being radiated to the outside of the FC box 4 during the warm-up operation, and as a result, the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the bypass circulation circuit 21 can be accelerated.
As a result, the warm-up time can be reduced, and the startability of the fuel cell vehicle can be improved.
[0014]
When the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the bypass circulation circuit 21 becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature t2, the thermostat valve 7 switches the flow path so that the cooling water does not flow to the bypass passage 15 but flows to the radiator 3, and the cooling water circulates. Circulating through circuit 20; When the cooling water circulates through the cooling water circulation circuit 20, the cooling water exchanges heat with air in the radiator 3 and is cooled, and the fuel cell 5 is cooled by the cooled cooling water. Thereby, the fuel cell 5 is controlled to a predetermined temperature.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to suppress the heat of the coolant from being radiated out of the box during the warm-up operation of the fuel cell. It can be accelerated and the warm-up time can be reduced. As a result, there is an excellent effect that the startability of the fuel cell vehicle can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a fuel cell cooling device for a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention, showing a flow of cooling water during warm-up.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flow of a coolant after completion of warm-up in the fuel cell cooling device according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
V Fuel cell vehicle 2 Fuel cell cooling device 3 Radiator 4 FC box (box)
5 Fuel cell 7 Thermostat valve (switching means)
15 bypass passage 20 cooling water circulation circuit (cooling liquid circulation circuit)
21 Bypass circulation circuit

Claims (1)

燃料電池と、
放熱により冷却液を冷却するラジエターと、
前記燃料電池と前記ラジエターの間で前記冷却液を循環させる冷却液循環回路と、
前記冷却液を前記ラジエターをバイパスして流すバイパス通路と、
前記冷却液の温度に応じて冷却液を前記ラジエターと前記バイパス通路のいずれに流すか切り替える切り替え手段と、
少なくとも前記燃料電池と前記バイパス通路と前記切り替え手段とこれらを通って前記冷却液を循環させるバイパス循環回路とを収納するボックスと、
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池自動車の燃料電池冷却装置。A fuel cell,
A radiator that cools the coolant by radiating heat,
A coolant circulation circuit that circulates the coolant between the fuel cell and the radiator;
A bypass passage for allowing the coolant to flow by bypassing the radiator,
Switching means for switching whether to flow the coolant through the radiator or the bypass passage according to the temperature of the coolant,
A box accommodating at least the fuel cell, the bypass passage, the switching means, and a bypass circulation circuit that circulates the coolant through these;
A fuel cell cooling device for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising:
JP2002322364A 2002-11-06 2002-11-06 Fuel cell cooling system for fuel cell vehicle Expired - Fee Related JP4008335B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP2006160209A (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-22 Suzuki Motor Corp Auxiliary unit mounting structure of fuel cell vehicle
JP2007026903A (en) * 2005-07-15 2007-02-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2007200581A (en) * 2006-01-24 2007-08-09 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
WO2010029797A1 (en) 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 日産自動車株式会社 Vehicle fuel cell cooling system
JP2012023054A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-02-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
US8142946B2 (en) 2004-12-15 2012-03-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2013107420A (en) * 2011-11-17 2013-06-06 Toyota Motor Corp Cooling system for vehicular battery
KR20140058961A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 현대자동차주식회사 Fuel cell system and control method of the same
US9533579B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-01-03 Denso Corporation Electronic control apparatus for electrically-driven vehicle
CN110120533A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-13 上海楞次新能源汽车科技有限公司 The cooling system of fuel cell system for vehicles

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006160209A (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-22 Suzuki Motor Corp Auxiliary unit mounting structure of fuel cell vehicle
JP4736020B2 (en) * 2004-12-10 2011-07-27 スズキ株式会社 Fuel cell vehicle auxiliary equipment mounting structure
US8142946B2 (en) 2004-12-15 2012-03-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
DE112005003074B4 (en) 2004-12-15 2023-06-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha fuel cell system
US8420270B2 (en) 2004-12-15 2013-04-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2007026903A (en) * 2005-07-15 2007-02-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2007200581A (en) * 2006-01-24 2007-08-09 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
JP2010067394A (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-25 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell cooling system for vehicle
CN102137771A (en) * 2008-09-09 2011-07-27 日产自动车株式会社 Vehicle fuel cell cooling system
US8808937B2 (en) 2008-09-09 2014-08-19 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle fuel cell cooling system
WO2010029797A1 (en) 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 日産自動車株式会社 Vehicle fuel cell cooling system
JP2012023054A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-02-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2013107420A (en) * 2011-11-17 2013-06-06 Toyota Motor Corp Cooling system for vehicular battery
KR20140058961A (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 현대자동차주식회사 Fuel cell system and control method of the same
US9533579B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2017-01-03 Denso Corporation Electronic control apparatus for electrically-driven vehicle
CN110120533A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-13 上海楞次新能源汽车科技有限公司 The cooling system of fuel cell system for vehicles

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