JP2004154118A - Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction - Google Patents

Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2004154118A
JP2004154118A JP2002360011A JP2002360011A JP2004154118A JP 2004154118 A JP2004154118 A JP 2004154118A JP 2002360011 A JP2002360011 A JP 2002360011A JP 2002360011 A JP2002360011 A JP 2002360011A JP 2004154118 A JP2004154118 A JP 2004154118A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water storage
storage container
base material
greening
greening base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002360011A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Michi Nishikawa
路 西川
Susumu Matsumura
進 松村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MATSUMURA SEIKI KK
Original Assignee
MATSUMURA SEIKI KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MATSUMURA SEIKI KK filed Critical MATSUMURA SEIKI KK
Priority to JP2002360011A priority Critical patent/JP2004154118A/en
Publication of JP2004154118A publication Critical patent/JP2004154118A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32Roof garden systems

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation base that can green the places drastically dried places in artificial constructions, e.g., roof tops, verandas or steep roofs of multistory buildings by retaining moisture on these parts without weight increase in soil due to thickenss increase in the soil layer. <P>SOLUTION: Moisture-retaining balls prepared from aggregate or potting compost are mutually connected to form blocks whereby potting plates are produced. Then, the plates are placed in the water storage vessel, the water necessary for plant growing is stored in the vessel, while the drainage is carried out by passing through the gaps between the vessels to achieve well-balanced moisture retention/drainage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、植物生育が困難な人工構造物の中でも、高層階の屋上や勾配のきつい屋根等植物生育にはさらに過酷な環境にある場所を緑化するに用いる緑化基盤材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年都市化が進む中ヒートアイランド現象にみられる気温の上昇、それに伴う環境破壊の進行が深刻な問題になってきている。殺風景な人工構造物の壁面や屋上に緑を施して景観をよくするのに行われていた緑化が、環境面でその需要が急増している。例えば東京都では屋上面に緑化を施すことで気温降下をはかりヒートアイランド現象をやわらげようと屋上の緑化が義務づけされ様々な取り組みがなされている。また山間部での採石跡地や土地造成で形成された法面など、落石防止・土止めのためコンクリート処理を必要とする法面に対しても景観・環境面から緑化が求められている。
【0003】
屋上緑化は、建物を強化して屋上に多量の土壌を運び込み植栽をしていた初期の方法から発展し、近年では土壌の厚みや水分をそれほど必要としない耐乾性植物を使用して軽量かつ灌水・雑草処理等の管理をほとんど不要とする方法が主流となってきた。
【0004】
水分をそれほど必要としない耐乾性植物の特徴を活かし、不織布マットやネットに植え付け作成した緑化用マットあるいは緑化用ネットを、緑化対象面にはり付け緑化する方法、またちぎれても繁殖力がある特徴を活かし、耐乾性植物を土壌に混入してポンプで吹き付ける方法等、現在も様々の試みがなされている。
【0005】
しかし、温暖化の緩和等環境面からも緑化が急務である高層階の屋上は、直射日光や風雨に強くさらされ乾燥状態がひどく劣悪の環境であるため、必要とする水分を保持することが困難であった。水分を保持させるために培養土の厚さを大きくすると重量や経費、資材量等弊害も多い。高層階の屋上と似た環境にある勾配のきつい屋根も同様の状況にある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前述した難点を解決するために、高層階の屋上、また勾配のきつい屋根等劣悪な環境においても、培養土の厚さが小さく軽量であり、灌水・雑草処理の管理手間がほとんどかからず植物を良好に生育させる緑化基盤材とその施工方法を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明の緑化基盤材では、保水球を繊維性バインダーで相互結合した培土板を、貯水容器に収容する。貯水容器の側面の高さは培土板の高さより低く形成され、従って収容された培土板の上部分が貯水容器からはみ出したかたちとなる。
請求項2の発明の緑化基盤材では、貯水容器の側面の高さを培土板の高さと同じにし、水抜き穴を設けた貯水容器を使用する。
請求項3の発明の緑化基盤材では、方形の器であり、正方形の底部全体が平らな接着面となり、底面の四隅四辺の角部と側面縦四辺の角部に丸みを持たせ、上端には必要に応じて互いをつなげる連結部を設けた貯水容器を使用する。
請求項4の発明の植生基盤材では、貯水容器をステンレス板で形成する。
請求項5の発明の緑化基盤材では、培土板を形成する材料となる保水球に、表面全体に複数の突起があり、また産業廃棄物でもあるクリンカーアッシュを使用する。
請求項6の発明の緑化基盤材では、保水球を繊維性バインダーで相互結合させる際に、静菌効果付与資材を混入した培土板を使用する。
請求項7の発明の緑化基盤材では、貯水容器内の培土板の表面を4つに仕切るための溝を縦横に形成する。
請求項8の発明の緑化基盤材では、貯水容器内の培土板表面の任意の位置に、繁殖材料を植栽するための穴を設ける。
請求項9の発明の緑化基盤材では、あらかじめ緑化対象面に並置・固定された貯水容器に、バインダーを混入した保水球を収容させる。
請求項10の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法では、緑化対象面に縦横そろえて並置された隣接する貯水容器の側面同士を、側面上端に設けた連結部を利用して固定する。
請求項11の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法では、緑化対象面にあらかじめ設置してある固定具に、貯水容器の丸みを持たせた側面縦四辺の角部を合わせ、丸みのある角部によって生じた隙間に固定具が入っている状態にし、その固定具を使用して緑化対象面に、また緑化基盤材同士を固定する。
請求項12の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法では、緑化対象面に培土板を収容していない貯水容器を並置・固定し、固定された貯水容器のそれぞれに、バインダーを混入した保水球を吹き付け等の方法で収容させる。
【0008】
【発明の作用】
請求項1の発明の緑化基盤材では、培土板を収容する貯水容器の側面部の高さを培土板のそれより低く形成することにより、容器からはみ出した培土板の上部分が、常に新鮮な空気を植物の根部に運び生育を良好にする。
【0009】
請求項2の発明の緑化基盤材では、培土板を収容する容器の側面部の高さを培土板のそれと同じに形成することにより、培土板が抜け落ちそうな程の急勾配の場所の緑化ができる。また強度が高くなり施工された上を人が頻繁に歩くことも可能になる。貯水容器側面が有する水抜き穴が水分調整をする。
【0010】
請求項3の発明の緑化基盤材に用いる貯水容器は、正方形の底部全体が平らな面であり緑化対象面に対する接着面積を広くし固定力が強くなる。また複数並置した際、丸みを持たせた底面の四隅四辺の角部、側面の縦四辺の角部は、接触せずに隙間を生じさせる。側面上部に生じた隙間は培土板の余分な水を貯水容器外に出す水抜き穴となる。また底面の四隅四辺の角部の丸みは緑化対象面との間に連続した隙間を生じさせ、水抜き穴から落ちる水を外に導く排水路となる。
貯水容器内は必要量の水が絶やさずに残される器となり、排水される水量とのバランスを保つ。
また貯水容器は、固形化した培土板を収容し保護するので、培土板を単独で移動させる程の固さは必要がないないため、培土板を固める繊維性バインダーまたはその他のバインダーの使用量を軽減することができる。
【0011】
本発明の主眼である酷暑酷寒強風など劣悪な環境におかれる高層階の屋上または勾配のきつい屋根等の緑化対象面では乾燥が激しく、水分の保持が重要となる。
高層ビルの屋上において、貯水容器内の培土板の保水・排水の状態を、貯水容器側面の高さや特に角部の丸みを変化させ確かめる実験を繰り返した結果、本発明の形態、容量、大きさの貯水容器に至ったものであり、貯水される水量、水抜き穴と排水路から排水される水量が、耐乾性植物生育のための保水・排水のバランスを適度に保つ貯水容器の形態となった。
【0012】
請求項4の発明の緑化基盤材に用いる貯水容器では、貯水容器をステンレス製とし、長期間必要な強度を保持させる。
【0013】
請求項5の発明の緑化基盤材では、培土板を形成する材料となる保水球に、産業廃棄物であるクリンカーアッシュを使用する。クリンカーアッシュは内部に細かい空隙が多数あるため砕くと複雑な形状となり表面には無数のごつごつした突起が残る。その複数の突起が繊維性バインダーをからまりやすくし、水を加える必要がないため簡単な撹拌と熱処理だけで強度のある培土板が形成される。
突起のない保水球を使用する時のように、水を加えてペースト状になるまで撹拌して馴染ませる工程、熱処理を加えた後加えた水を除くための乾燥させる後処理の工程が、省かれるか簡略化される。
【0014】
請求項6の発明の緑化基盤材では、保水球を繊維性バインダーで相互結合する過程で静菌効果付与資材を混入する培土板を使用する。病気の発生を抑える静菌作用のある静菌効果付与資材には、産業廃棄物であるカニ殻、杉などの針葉樹チップ、鉱物資源であるゼオライト等がある。また特にカニ殻や針葉樹チップには保水力もあり保水球としても成り立ち、肥料ともなる。産業廃棄物の効果的な使用は、廃棄物利用頻度を促進し環境的にも貢献できる。実験的にカニ殻と杉チップを混入した培土板を使用して植栽を行っているが、良い結果を出している。
【0015】
請求項7の発明の緑化基盤材では、容器に収容された培土板の表面を4つに仕切る溝を縦横に入れ、通常以上に水はけが求められる場所の排水を助ける。
逆に、夕立のように一時的に強く降る雨は、土壌がその雨水を吸収する前に表面を走り流れてしまうのが常であるが、溝が雨水が走るのを止め、逃さずに取り込む。
また、勾配がある緑化対象面において、散布された追肥が溝にひっかかり下まで落ちこぼれるのを防ぐ。
さらに、酷暑続きの季節や始終直射日光にさらされる場所等では、溝が影をつくり、最悪の場合でも全滅することが避けられる。
【0016】
請求項8の発明の緑化基盤材では、培土板の表面の任意の位置に植栽用の孔を事前に設けることで、作業性をよくし確実な植え付けを行えるようにする。
【0017】
請求項9の発明の緑化基盤材では、緑化対象面にあらかじめ貯水容器のみを並置、固定した後、固定されたそれぞれの貯水容器にバインダーを混入した保水球を収容させ、貯水容器内で培土板を形成するものであり、培土板を別途つくる手間や仕上がった培土板を現場に運搬しさらに高層階に運ぶ等の手間を省き、簡易性を増す。特に広範囲の緑化にはポンプ等を使用して一度に多数の緑化基盤材を形成でき有効である。
【0018】
請求項10の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法では、緑化対象面上に縦横そろえて並置した緑化基盤材の容器の側面上端にある連結部が隣接する容器を連結し簡単に固定する。
【0019】
請求項11の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法は、特に緑化対象面にある程度の傾斜があり、ズレ・落ちを防止する必要のある場合の方法である。あらかじめ緑化対象面に固定具の受け具を設置し、一つの受け具に集まる4個の緑化基盤材を、それぞれの貯水容器の受け具に寄せられた側面上端の角部を、上からワッシャーの4本の足でつかんでビスでワッシャーと受け具と固定をするので、並置された緑化基盤材のズレ・落ちを生じさせない。側面上部を固定するツメや貯水容器の底部の接着固定を併用するとさらに強固な固定ができる。
【0020】
請求項12の発明の緑化基盤材の施工方法は、請求項9において示したように、施工現場の緑化対象面上にあらかじめ並置・固定された貯水容器に、培土板を形成するバインダーを混入した保水球を収容させる方法であり、工程をいくつか省略することができ簡易に広範囲を施工できる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、培土板1と、側面を培土板の高さよりも低く形成し、底面四隅四辺と縦四辺の角部に丸みを持たせた貯水容器2aとの結合体を示す斜視図である。図のように貯水容器から培土板の上部分がはみ出す。
【0022】
図2は、培土板1と、側面を培土板と同じ高さに形成し、底面四隅四辺と縦四辺の角部に丸みを持たせた貯水容器2bの結合体を示す斜視図である。図のように側面全体に水抜き穴3を設ける。
貯水容器の素材は、耐久性のあるものがよく、ステンレス、プラスチック、メッキした鉄等が使用できる。
ステンレス貯水容器の場合は、一枚のステンレス板を型でおして貯水容器に作り出す。側面縦四辺の角部と底面の四隅四辺の角部は自然に丸みをおび並置した際排水を促すのに適度な隙間をつくる。
貯水容器は通常底面が縦50cm×横50cm、側面の高さが2.5cmの大きさとし、施工場所の状態にあわせて柔軟に対応する。
【0023】
培土板は、通常縦50cm×横50cm×高さ5cmの板状かもしくは縦25cm×横25cm×高さ5cmの板状にし、特例の場合は使用する貯水容器の大きさにあわせた大きさにする。
また、図1および図2に示すように、培土板の表面に、植栽孔4と縦横の溝5を設ける。
【0024】
植物を植栽し生育させる培土板は保水球をバインダーで相互結合して形成する。
本発明では、保水球として直径5mm程度の粒の粗い骨材を主に使用する。保水球である骨材を繊維性バインダーとともに撹拌した後、熱処理をしてブロック化し培土板にする。保水球が集合した際に生じる隙間が排水の道筋をつくる。保水球には、本発明では特にクリンカーアッシュを使用する。クリンカーアッシュは産業廃棄物の粉砕されたセラッミックであり、内部の無数の気泡が水分を取り込んで保持し、表面全体の複数の突起が繊維性バインダーによく絡むため、本発明に効果的に利用できる。他に従来利用されている石綿か保水力のある軽石等天然の岩石ブロック等も使用できる。
【0025】
図3は、保水力のある軽石5を保水球にして繊維性バインダー7で相互結合した培土板1の断面図である。天然の岩石ブロックである保水力のある軽石は、細かい空隙をもち保水力がある。複数重なると軽石同士の間に隙間ができて排水されるので植物に必要な保水・排水作用のある培土板に適している。ただし軽石は表面に突起がないため繊維性バインダーが絡まりにくい難点があり、十分な強度を得るためには水を加えて十分撹拌してペースト状とし、その後ペースト状にするために加えた水を絞る等の工程を必要とする。
【0026】
図4は、表面全体に複数の突起があるクリンカーアッシュ8を保水球とした培土板1の断面図である。クリンカーアッシュは表面の突起が繊維性バインダー6によく絡まるので簡単な撹拌だけで、軽石の場合のような手のかかる工程は必要ない。
【0027】
本発明において特徴的なのは、保水球にクリンカーアッシュを効果的に利用したように、産業廃棄物の特性を効果的・積極的に利用することである。
カニ殻や杉皮等針葉樹チップは既に知られるように静菌作用があるとされ、本発明でも実験により良い結果を出している。静菌効果付与資材としての廃棄物の再利用は、環境的に大きな貢献を果たす。
カニ殻、杉皮、クリンカーアッシュ、古紙、ココダスト、フライマッシュ等の産業廃棄物は、保水力があるものは保水球にもなり、肥料にもなるものも多数あるので積極的に利用する。
また必要に応じて、保水材、化成肥料や腐葉土、微生物等も混入する。
【0028】
バインダーは、保水球同士を結びつける役割をする。バインダーには様々の種類がある。
本発明の骨材を保水球とする培土板には、通水性があるため排水力や吸水力を高める繊維性バインダーを使用する。繊維性バインダーとしては、芯鞘構造の熱融着性繊維等があり、クラレ社のソフィットやユニチカ社のメルティー等が利用できる。
【0029】
粒の粗い骨材を保水球にする他に、粉状の粒の細かい培養土を保水球にして形成する培土板も利用できる。粒の細かい培養土の保水球には、繊維性バインダーが不向きであるため、それ以外のバインダーを選定し熱処理なしで相互結合して形成する。粒の細かい培養土としては畑の土壌等があげられる。
繊維性バインダー以外で使用可能なバインダーには、酢酸ビニル、アクリル酸エステル、フライマッシュ、セメント等がある。
本発明では、培土板は貯水容器に保護される。そのためバインダーの使用量を軽減できるので、繊維性バインダー以外のバインダーを多量に使用した場合におこる排水力や吸水力の減退が植物に与えるダメージを抑えることができる。
粒子の粗い骨材の保水球の場合も、重なりで生じる隙間が排水を導く道筋をつくるので、繊維性バインダー以外の通水性がそれほど望めないが熱処理のいらないバインダーも利用できる。
【0030】
粒の細かい培養土を保水球にしてバインダーで相互結合して形成する培土板は、粒の細かい保水球に熱処理のいらないバインダーを混入したものを型枠に入れ、粒の細かい保水球が相互結合して固形化したところで型枠からはずす。型枠からはずした後貯水容器に収容する。
貯水容器に収容することにより、通水性の面で問題のあるバインダーの使用量を、植物の生育を阻害しない程度まで減量することを可能にしたことの反面、強度において、繊維性バインダーで熱処理をした培土板に比べて劣ることになり、急勾配の場所や人がその上を頻繁に歩く場所等には向かない、用途が限定される。
【0031】
粒の細かい培養土を保水球にして、または粒の粗い骨材を保水球にしてバインダーで相互結合する培土板において、培土板を形成する型枠をそのまま貯水容器にする方法もある。培土板を形成するための材料を、貯水容器である型枠に収容したまま施工できるので、培土板を型枠からはずし貯水容器に移す作業は省略でき、前記作業に耐えられる固さも必要なく、さらにバインダーの量を軽減できる。
【0032】
粒の細かい培養土を保水球にし熱処理のいらないバインダーを混入して形成する培土板には、他の形成方法もある。
あらかじめ貯水容器のみを緑化対象面に並置・固定し、その後に、バインダーを混入した保水球を貯水容器内に設置する。収容された保水球が貯水容器内で次第に相互結合し培土板となる。緑化対象面上で培土板が形成されるため、培土板を別途形成する手間や現場への運搬、高層階への持ち込み等が省かれる。
緑化対象面に固定された貯水容器に、バインダーを混入した保水球を収容させる方法の一例として、保水球とバインダーを水でといてペースト状にしたものをポンプ等を利用して吹き付ける方法があり、効率的に設置できる。
貯水容器をあらかじめ固定してから行う方法は、粒の粗い骨材も使用できる。ポンプを利用する際には、粒の大きさが制限される場合もある。
この方法も、前述したようにバインダーの使用量を軽減するため、強度が劣ることから用途が限られる。また貯水容器内で培土板が固形化するまで強度が得られないこともある。
【0033】
本発明である緑化基盤材を緑化対象面に並置・固定するには、通常貯水容器の底部を両面粘着テープで接着する方法をとる。緑化対象面に凹凸があったりその他の理由で両面粘着テープが使用できない場合は、水抜き穴となる隙間を利用して固定具で固定する。
また緑化対象面が水平に近い面である場合、貯水容器底部の接着固定もなく並置するだけで良い場合もある。
【0034】
図5は、施工方法として、貯水容器2上端にある連結部9を利用して固定する方法を示す断面図である。連結部の説明のため、図では貯水容器に収容される培土板は省いてある。図のように、貯水容器の連結部をとなりの貯水容器に引っかけるようにして連結していく。
【0035】
図6は、別の施工方法として、緑化対象面にあらかじめ固定具10を設置してから緑化基盤材を設置していく方法を示す一部破断した斜視図、また図7は固定具の部分を断面図で示したものである。この方法は、緑化対象面に傾斜があってズレ・落ちを防ぐため高強度で固定する必要が考えられる場合に特に利用できる。
固定具は、受け具と4つの足のあるワッシャーとビスからなる。緑化対象面上に固定してある固定具の受け具10aのそれぞれに、貯水容器の側面の丸みをもたせてある縦四辺の角部を合わせ、貯水容器を複数並置した時に生じる隙間に受け具が入っている状態にする。受け具にワッシャー10bを設置しビスで止める。その際、ワッシャーの4つの足が、それぞれの貯水容器上部の角部にひっかかるように設置する。
前記固定具とともに、貯水容器の側面同士をつなぐツメ10dを使用する方法もある。ツメは貯水容器の隣接する側面同士をはさんで固定する簡単な固定具である。ツメも併用すると、固定具は全ての隙間ではなく2つ置きにするなどして使用量を軽減できる場合が多い。傾斜の度合いによっては底部の両面粘着テープ11と併用する。
【0036】
図8は、緑化対象面に複数固定された緑化基盤材の排水路を示すための断面図である。緑化基盤材はそれぞれ両面粘着テープ11で緑化対象面に接着してある。
図のように緑化基盤体Iを緑化対象面Gに設置すると、貯水容器2底面の四隅四辺の丸みを持たせた角部は緑化対象面に接触せず、複数並置することで連続した隙間ができ、余分な水を排出する排水路12bとなる。また図9において、貯水容器側面の縦四辺の角部の丸みが、貯水容器から排出された水を前記排水路に落とすための水抜き穴12aとなることを示すために、培土板をはずした貯水容器の斜視図で示した。
緑化対象面に複数固定された緑化基盤材のそれぞれに、植物の繁殖材料である培土付き植物苗13を設置して緑化を行う。
培土板にあけられた植栽用の孔に、繁殖材料を設置するか、植栽穴のない場合は押し込んでいく。
【0037】
あらかじめ農場等別の場所で、培土板に植物苗を植え付け、ある程度生育させてから施工に使用すると、施工当初から見栄えがよい。
【0038】
本発明では、乾燥に強い耐乾性植物を使用植物とする。繁殖材料の形態として培土付き植物苗の使用が多く、中でもセル容器で一度に多量生産できるセル成型苗を多く使用している。ちぎれても生育率がよいので植物体全体かその一部も繁殖材料となる。その他、種子や球根などが利用できる他、マット状に生育された植物シートを培土板表面にはり付けることもできる。
また、土厚や容器側面の高さをかえることで、芝や樹木類も使用可能となる。
【0039】
高層階の屋上や勾配のきつい屋根等水分保持の困難な環境を緑化する基盤材として開発された本発明を、別の利用方法で使用することもできる。
本発明を、環境的には良好な二階のベランダや屋上、フラットに近い屋根等に利用すると、耐乾性植物よりも水分の必要な草木類が使用できる。
【0040】
貯水容器を使わない培土板と耐乾性植物の組み合わせで行われる通常のやり方に、スポット的に容器を使用する本発明を組み込むことにより、花の美しい植物も楽しめる。
【0041】
フラットに近い低層階屋上等風飛び等の心配がなく、培養土を固体化する必要のない場所においては、本発明の貯水容器にバインダーを混入しない培養土をそのまま収容して植物苗を植え付けると、土量を少なくして生育させることができる。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、複数並置することで、適度な保水排水のバランスを保持する貯水容器に、植物を生育させる培土板を収容し、過酷な状況の緑化も可能にした。
本発明は、培土板の強度を高める保水球として、また静菌効果付与資材として、肥料として、産業廃棄物を効果的に利用し、環境的にも貢献した。
本発明は、産業廃棄物であるクリンカーアッシュの表面全体に複数ある突起が繊維性バインダーによく絡まることと、内部に水分を保持できる多数の気泡があることを利用し、培土板を形成する保水球として効果的に活用した。
本発明は、培土板を耐久性のある貯水容器に収容し保護することにより、保水球を相互結合するための繊維性バインダーやその他のバインダーの使用量を減らし、水や空気、そして根の進入を容易にさせ、植物の生育を良好にした。
本発明は、培土板が貯水容器に収容されているため、保水性が高くまた強風豪雨にも耐性があり、高層階の屋上や急勾配の屋根でも安定した植生を作り出せる。また非常に軽量であるため、施工時はもとより運搬も簡易である。
本発明は小型の緑化基盤材をおいて固定するだけで完成するので、個人住宅のベランダ、ログハウス等小さな空間にも手軽に利用できる。小型であるので融通がきき緑化対象面の形状に合わせて設置したり、数量の加減が容易にできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】培土板を側面が培土板よりも低いステンレス容器に収容した状態を示す斜視図である。
【図2】培土板を側面が培土板と同じ高さのステンレス容器に収容した状態を示す斜視図である。
【図3】保水力のある軽石を保水球とした培土板を示す断面図である。
【図4】クリンカーアッシュを保水球とした培土板を示す断面図である。
【図5】緑化対象面に本発明の緑化基盤材を固定する方法の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図6】本発明の緑化基盤材を固定する方法の一例を示す一部破断した斜視図である。
【図7】固定具の一例を示す断面図である。
【図8】緑化対象面に本発明の緑化基盤材が複数固定された状態を示す断面図である。
【図9】水抜き穴を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 培土板
2a 貯水容器
2b 貯水容器
3 容器の水抜き穴
4 植栽孔
5 溝
6 保水力のある軽石
7 繊維性バインダー
8 クリンカーアッシュ
9 連結部
10a 固定具(受け具)
10b 固定具(ワッシャー)
10c 固定具(ビス)
10d 固定具(ツメ)
11 両面粘着テープ
12a 隙間(水抜き穴)
12b 隙間(排水路)
13 培土付き植物苗
I 緑化基盤材
G 緑化対象面
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a greening base material used for greening a place in a more severe environment for growing a plant, such as a high-roofed roof or a steeply-roofed roof, among artificial structures in which plant growth is difficult.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as urbanization progresses, the rise in temperature caused by the heat island phenomenon and the resulting environmental destruction have become a serious problem. Greening, which has been used to improve the landscape by applying greenery to the walls and rooftops of artificially constructed structures, has been rapidly increasing in environmental demand. For example, in Tokyo, rooftop greening is required to reduce the temperature by applying greening to the rooftop and to mitigate the heat island phenomenon, and various efforts are being made. Greening is also required for slopes that require concrete treatment for rock fall prevention and earth retaining, such as quarries in mountainous areas and slopes formed by land reclamation, from the viewpoint of landscape and environment.
[0003]
Rooftop greening evolved from an earlier method of strengthening buildings and carrying a large amount of soil on the roof to plant trees.In recent years, the use of drought-tolerant plants that do not require much soil thickness and moisture has led to the development of lightweight and A method that makes management of irrigation and weed treatment almost unnecessary has become mainstream.
[0004]
Taking advantage of the characteristics of drought-resistant plants that do not require much water, a method of planting greening mats or greening nets by planting them on non-woven mats or nets and attaching them to the surface to be greened, and having a reproductive power even in a straightforward manner Various attempts have been made at present, such as a method of mixing drought-tolerant plants into soil and spraying them with a pump.
[0005]
However, the rooftops of higher floors, which are urgently required to be greened from the environmental aspects such as mitigation of global warming, are exposed to direct sunlight and wind and rain, and are in an extremely poor and dry environment. It was difficult. Increasing the thickness of the cultivation soil in order to retain moisture has many adverse effects such as weight, cost, and material amount. A similar situation exists for a steep roof with an environment similar to that of a higher floor roof.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to solve the above-mentioned difficulties, the present invention has a small thickness and light weight of the cultivated soil even in an inferior environment such as a high-rise rooftop and a steeply-roofed roof, and requires almost no labor for irrigation and weed treatment. An object of the present invention is to provide a greening base material capable of satisfactorily growing plants and a construction method thereof.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the greening base material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cultivation plate in which the water retention balls are interconnected with the fibrous binder is accommodated in the water storage container. The height of the side surface of the water storage container is formed to be lower than the height of the breeding plate, so that the upper portion of the stored breeding plate protrudes from the water storage container.
In the greening base material according to the second aspect of the present invention, the height of the side surface of the water storage container is made equal to the height of the cultivation plate, and a water storage container provided with a drain hole is used.
The greening base material of the invention according to claim 3 is a rectangular container, the entire bottom of the square is a flat adhesive surface, the four corners of the bottom and the four corners of the side are rounded, and the upper end is rounded. Use a water storage container provided with a connecting portion for connecting each other as necessary.
In the vegetation base material of the fourth aspect, the water storage container is formed of a stainless steel plate.
In the greening base material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, clinker ash, which has a plurality of protrusions on the entire surface and is also industrial waste, is used for the water retention sphere which is a material for forming the breeding plate.
In the greening base material according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the water retention balls are mutually bonded with the fibrous binder, a cultivation plate mixed with a bacteriostatic effect imparting material is used.
In the greening base material of the invention of claim 7, grooves for partitioning the surface of the cultivation plate in the water storage container into four are formed vertically and horizontally.
In the greening base material according to the invention of claim 8, a hole for planting a propagation material is provided at an arbitrary position on the surface of the breeding plate in the water storage container.
In the greening base material according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a water retention ball mixed with a binder is housed in a water storage container which is previously juxtaposed and fixed on the surface to be greened.
In the construction method of the greening base material according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the side surfaces of the adjacent water storage containers juxtaposed vertically and horizontally on the surface to be greened are fixed using the connecting portion provided at the upper end of the side surface.
In the method for constructing a greening base material according to the invention of claim 11, the corners of the four sides of the side wall having the roundness of the water storage container are aligned with the fixture previously installed on the greening target surface, and the rounded corners are used. A fixing tool is placed in the gap thus formed, and the fixing tool is used to fix the greening base material to the greening target surface.
In the construction method of the greening base material according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the water storage containers not accommodating the cultivation plate are juxtaposed and fixed on the surface to be greened, and a water retention ball mixed with a binder is sprayed on each of the fixed water storage containers. It is accommodated by such a method.
[0008]
Effect of the Invention
In the greening base material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the height of the side portion of the water storage container that houses the breeding plate is formed lower than that of the breeding plate, so that the upper portion of the breeding plate that protrudes from the container is always fresh. Carry air to the roots of the plants to improve their growth.
[0009]
In the greening base material according to the second aspect of the present invention, by forming the height of the side portion of the container accommodating the breeding plate to be the same as that of the breeding plate, greening of a steep place where the breeding plate is likely to fall off can be achieved. it can. In addition, the strength is increased, and it becomes possible for a person to frequently walk on the construction. The drainage hole on the side of the water reservoir adjusts the water content.
[0010]
In the water storage container used for the greening base material according to the third aspect of the present invention, the entire bottom of the square is a flat surface, so that the adhesion area to the greening target surface is widened and the fixing force is strong. When a plurality of the juxtaposed units are juxtaposed, the corners of the four corners of the rounded bottom face and the corners of the four vertical sides of the side face do not contact with each other to form a gap. The gap formed in the upper part of the side surface becomes a drain hole for discharging extra water from the breeding plate outside the water storage container. In addition, the roundness of the four corners and four sides of the bottom surface creates a continuous gap with the greening target surface, and serves as a drainage channel that guides water falling from the drain hole to the outside.
The inside of the water storage container is a vessel that keeps the required amount of water constantly and keeps the balance with the amount of drained water.
Also, since the water storage container accommodates and protects the solidified breeding plate, it does not need to be hard enough to move the breeding plate alone, so the amount of fibrous binder or other binder used to solidify the breeding plate is reduced. Can be reduced.
[0011]
On the greening target surface such as the roof of a high floor or a steeply sloping roof in a poor environment such as severe heat, severe cold and strong wind which is the main feature of the present invention, it is important to retain moisture.
On the roof of a high-rise building, the state of the water retention and drainage of the breeding plate in the water storage container was repeated by changing the height of the water storage container side surface and particularly the roundness of the corners, and as a result, the form, capacity, and size of the present invention were obtained. The amount of water to be stored and the amount of water drained from drain holes and drainage channels have become a form of water storage container that maintains an appropriate balance between water retention and drainage for the growth of drought-resistant plants. Was.
[0012]
In the water storage container used for the greening base material according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the water storage container is made of stainless steel, and the necessary strength is maintained for a long time.
[0013]
In the greening base material according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, clinker ash, which is industrial waste, is used for a water retention ball that is a material for forming a cultivation board. Clinker ash has a complex shape when crushed because it has many fine voids inside, and countless rugged protrusions remain on the surface. Since the plurality of protrusions make the fibrous binder easily entangled and water does not need to be added, a strong soil slab can be formed only by simple stirring and heat treatment.
As in the case of using a water retention ball without protrusions, the process of adding water and stirring until it becomes a paste to make it familiar, and the post-treatment process of drying after removing the added water after heat treatment are omitted. Or simplified.
[0014]
In the greening base material according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a cultivation plate into which a bacteriostatic effect-imparting material is mixed in the process of interconnecting the water retention balls with the fibrous binder is used. Materials having a bacteriostatic effect that suppress the occurrence of disease include crab husks, conifer chips such as cedar, which are industrial wastes, and zeolite, which is a mineral resource. Crab husks and coniferous chips in particular also have a water-retaining capacity and can be used as a water-retaining ball, and can also be used as fertilizer. Effective use of industrial waste promotes waste use and contributes to the environment. The planting has been experimentally performed using a cultivation board mixed with crab shells and cedar chips, but good results have been obtained.
[0015]
In the greening base material according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, grooves for partitioning the surface of the cultivation board contained in the container into four sections are provided vertically and horizontally to assist drainage in places where drainage is required more than usual.
Conversely, rain that temporarily falls strongly, such as a shower, usually runs over the surface before the soil absorbs the rainwater, but the ditch stops the rainwater from running and catches it without missing .
In addition, on the greening target surface having a gradient, the applied fertilizer is prevented from being caught in the groove and falling down.
Further, in a season of intense heat or a place exposed to direct sunlight, the ditch creates a shadow, and even in the worst case, it can be prevented from being completely annihilated.
[0016]
In the greening base material according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, by providing a planting hole in an arbitrary position on the surface of the breeding board in advance, the workability is improved and the planting can be performed reliably.
[0017]
In the greening base material according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, after only the water storage containers are juxtaposed and fixed in advance on the surface to be greened, the fixed water storage containers are accommodated with the water retention balls mixed with the binder, and the cultivation plate is placed in the water storage containers. The simplicity is increased by eliminating the trouble of separately preparing the breeding plate and transporting the finished breeding plate to the site and transporting it to higher floors. In particular, for a wide range of greening, it is effective to form a large number of greening base materials at once using a pump or the like.
[0018]
In the construction method of the greening base material according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion at the upper end of the side surface of the container of the greening base material aligned vertically and horizontally on the surface to be greened connects the adjacent containers and easily fixes them.
[0019]
The method for constructing a greening base material according to the invention of claim 11 is a method particularly when there is a certain degree of inclination on the surface to be greened and it is necessary to prevent displacement and dropping. The fixtures of the fixtures are installed in advance on the surface to be greened, and the four greening base materials gathered in one receptacle are placed on the corners of the upper side of the side that are brought to the receptacles of each water storage container. Since the washer and holder are fixed with screws by holding them with four feet, no misalignment or dropping of the juxtaposed greening base materials occurs. A stronger fixing can be achieved by using a nail for fixing the upper part of the side surface and an adhesive fixing for the bottom part of the water storage container.
[0020]
In the construction method of the greening base material according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, as described in the ninth aspect, a binder that forms a cultivation board is mixed in a water storage container that is previously juxtaposed and fixed on a greening target surface at a construction site. This is a method of storing water retention balls, and some steps can be omitted, and a wide range can be easily constructed.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a combined body of a breeding plate 1 and a water storage container 2a whose side surfaces are formed to be lower than the height of the cultivating plate, and whose four corners at the four corners at the bottom and four corners at the four sides are rounded. As shown in the figure, the upper part of the breeding plate protrudes from the water storage container.
[0022]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a combined body of the breeding plate 1 and a water storage container 2b whose side surfaces are formed at the same height as the breeding plate, and whose four corners of the bottom four corners and the four vertical corners are rounded. A drain hole 3 is provided on the entire side surface as shown in the figure.
The material of the water storage container is preferably durable, and stainless steel, plastic, plated iron and the like can be used.
In the case of a stainless steel water storage container, a single stainless steel plate is molded into a water storage container with a mold. The corners of the four sides of the side and the four corners of the bottom are naturally rounded and create an adequate gap to encourage drainage when juxtaposed.
The water storage container is usually 50 cm in length × 50 cm in width and 2.5 cm in height on the side, and flexibly responds to the condition of the construction site.
[0023]
The soil cultivation plate is usually 50 cm long x 50 cm wide x 5 cm high, or 25 cm long x 25 cm wide x 5 cm high. In special cases, the size should be adjusted to the size of the water storage container used. I do.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, planting holes 4 and vertical and horizontal grooves 5 are provided on the surface of the cultivation board.
[0024]
A cultivation plate for planting and growing a plant is formed by interconnecting water retention balls with a binder.
In the present invention, a coarse aggregate having a diameter of about 5 mm is mainly used as a water retention ball. After stirring the aggregate which is a water retention ball together with a fibrous binder, the aggregate is blocked by heat treatment to form a slab. The gap created when the water retention balls are assembled forms a drainage path. In the present invention, clinker ash is particularly used for the water retention ball. Clinker ash is a crushed ceramic of industrial waste, innumerable air bubbles inside capture and retain moisture, and multiple protrusions on the entire surface are well entangled with the fibrous binder, which can be effectively used in the present invention. . Other natural rock blocks, such as conventionally used asbestos or water-retaining pumice, can also be used.
[0025]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation plate 1 in which the pumice 5 having a water retaining ability is made into a water retaining ball and interconnected by a fibrous binder 7. Water-retentive pumice, a natural rock block, has fine pores and water-retention capacity. When a plurality of pumices are stacked, a gap is formed between the pumice stones and drained, so it is suitable for a cultivation board that has the water retention and drainage functions required for plants. However, pumice does not have protrusions on the surface, so there is a difficulty that the fibrous binder is not easily entangled.To obtain sufficient strength, add water and stir well to form a paste, and then add water to make a paste. A process such as squeezing is required.
[0026]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation plate 1 using the clinker ash 8 having a plurality of protrusions on the entire surface as a water retention ball. Since clinker ash has protrusions on the surface that are well entangled with the fibrous binder 6, simple stirring is not required, and a complicated process such as in the case of pumice is not required.
[0027]
A feature of the present invention is that the characteristics of industrial waste are effectively and positively used, as is the case where clinker ash is effectively used for a water retention ball.
As is known, coniferous chips such as crab shells and cedar bark are known to have a bacteriostatic action, and the present invention has also shown good results by experiments. Reuse of waste as a bacteriostatic material provides a significant environmental contribution.
Industrial wastes such as crab shells, cedar skin, clinker ash, waste paper, coco dust, fly mash, etc., are actively used because there are many that have water retention ability and can also be used as water retention balls and fertilizer.
Water retention materials, chemical fertilizers, humus, microorganisms and the like are also mixed in as necessary.
[0028]
The binder serves to connect the water retention balls. There are various types of binders.
Since the cultivation plate using the aggregate of the present invention as a water retention ball has water permeability, a fibrous binder that increases drainage and water absorption is used. Examples of the fibrous binder include a heat-fusible fiber having a core-sheath structure, and Sofite manufactured by Kuraray and Melty manufactured by Unitika can be used.
[0029]
In addition to using the coarse-grained aggregate as a water-retaining ball, a soil cultivation plate formed by forming a powdered fine-grain culture soil into a water-retaining ball can also be used. Since the fibrous binder is not suitable for the water retention spheres of the culture soil having a fine grain, other binders are selected and formed by mutual bonding without heat treatment. Examples of the culture soil having a fine grain include field soil and the like.
Binders other than the fibrous binder that can be used include vinyl acetate, acrylates, fly mash, cement and the like.
In the present invention, the soil breeding plate is protected by the water storage container. As a result, the amount of the binder used can be reduced, so that the damage to the plant caused by the decrease in drainage and water absorption that occurs when a large amount of binder other than the fibrous binder is used can be suppressed.
In the case of a water-retaining sphere made of aggregate having coarse particles, a gap formed by the overlap forms a path leading to drainage, so that a binder other than the fibrous binder, which does not require much water permeability but does not require heat treatment, can be used.
[0030]
The soil cultivation plate is formed by combining fine-grained culture soil with water-retaining spheres and bonding them together with a binder. When solidified, remove it from the mold. After removing from the mold, store in a water storage container.
By storing in a water storage container, it is possible to reduce the amount of binder that is problematic in terms of water permeability to a level that does not inhibit plant growth, but on the strength, heat treatment with a fibrous binder It is inferior to a cultivated slab, and is not suitable for a steep place or a place where a person frequently walks on the place.
[0031]
There is also a method in which a mold for forming a cultivation plate is directly used as a water storage container in a cultivation plate in which finely cultivated soil is used as a water retention ball or a coarse aggregate is used as a water retention sphere and interconnected with a binder. Since the material for forming the breeding plate can be constructed while being accommodated in the mold that is the water storage container, the work of removing the breeding plate from the mold and transferring it to the water storage container can be omitted, and there is no need to have the hardness to withstand the work, Further, the amount of the binder can be reduced.
[0032]
There are other formation methods for a cultivation plate that is formed by mixing a small-sized culture soil into a water retention ball and mixing a binder that does not require heat treatment.
In advance, only the water storage container is juxtaposed and fixed on the surface to be greened, and then a water retention ball mixed with a binder is installed in the water storage container. The stored water retention balls are gradually connected to each other in the water storage container to form a cultivation plate. Since the cultivation plate is formed on the surface to be greened, the labor for separately forming the cultivation plate, transportation to the site, and bringing to the higher floor are eliminated.
As an example of a method for storing a water retention ball mixed with a binder in a water storage container fixed to a surface to be greened, there is a method of removing a water retention ball and a binder with water and using a pump or the like to spray a paste. , Can be installed efficiently.
As a method of fixing the water storage container in advance, coarse aggregate can be used. When using a pump, the size of the grains may be limited.
This method is also limited in its use because the strength is inferior because the amount of the binder used is reduced as described above. Further, the strength may not be obtained until the cultivation plate is solidified in the water storage container.
[0033]
In order to juxtapose and fix the greening base material according to the present invention on the greening target surface, a method of bonding the bottom of the water storage container with a double-sided adhesive tape is usually employed. If the surface to be greened has irregularities or the double-sided adhesive tape cannot be used for other reasons, fix it with a fixture using a gap that becomes a drain hole.
In addition, when the greening target surface is a surface that is nearly horizontal, there is a case where it is sufficient to just juxtapose the water storage container without adhesively fixing the bottom portion.
[0034]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a method of fixing using the connecting portion 9 at the upper end of the water storage container 2 as a construction method. For explanation of the connecting portion, the cultivation plate accommodated in the water storage container is omitted in the figure. As shown in the figure, the connection portion of the water storage container is connected so as to be hooked on the next water storage container.
[0035]
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a method of installing a fixing tool 10 in advance on a surface to be greened and then installing a greening base material as another construction method, and FIG. 7 shows a part of the fixing tool. It is shown in a sectional view. This method can be used particularly when the surface to be greened has a slope and it is necessary to fix the greening surface with high strength in order to prevent deviation and dropping.
The fixture consists of a receiver, a washer with four feet, and a screw. Each of the fixtures 10a of the fixture fixed on the surface to be greened is fitted with the corners of the four vertical sides having rounded sides of the water storage container, and the receiver is provided in a gap generated when a plurality of water storage containers are juxtaposed. Make it in the state. The washer 10b is set in the holder and stopped with a screw. At that time, the four feet of the washer are installed so as to be hooked on the upper corners of the respective water storage containers.
There is also a method of using a claw 10d for connecting the sides of the water storage container together with the fixing tool. The claws are simple fasteners that hold the adjacent sides of the water reservoir between them. When claws are used together, it is often possible to reduce the amount of use by fixing every two fasteners instead of all the gaps. Depending on the degree of inclination, it is used together with the double-sided adhesive tape 11 at the bottom.
[0036]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a drainage channel of a greening base material fixed to a greening target surface. Each greening base material is adhered to the greening target surface with a double-sided adhesive tape 11.
When the greening base body I is installed on the greening target surface G as shown in the figure, the rounded corners of the four corners on the bottom surface of the water storage container 2 do not contact the greening target surface, and a continuous gap is formed by juxtaposing a plurality of corners. It becomes a drainage channel 12b that discharges excess water. Also, in FIG. 9, the cultivation plate was removed in order to show that the rounded corners of the four vertical sides of the water storage container side formed drain holes 12a for dropping water discharged from the water storage container into the drainage channel. The water storage container was shown in a perspective view.
Planting seedlings 13 with cultivated soil, which is a propagation material for plants, are placed on each of a plurality of greening base materials fixed to the greening target surface to perform greening.
Install the breeding material in the planting holes drilled in the breeding board, or push it in if there are no planting holes.
[0037]
If the seedlings are planted on a cultivation soil plate in a different place such as a farm in advance and grown to some extent before use for construction, the appearance will be good from the beginning of construction.
[0038]
In the present invention, a drought-resistant plant that is resistant to drying is used as a plant. As a form of propagation material, plant seedlings with soil are often used, and in particular, cell-molded seedlings that can be mass-produced in cell containers at a time are used. Even if it is torn, the growth rate is good, so the whole plant or a part of it can be used as a propagation material. In addition, seeds, bulbs, and the like can be used, and a plant sheet grown in a mat shape can be attached to the surface of the cultivation plate.
Also, by changing the thickness of the soil and the height of the side of the container, turf and trees can be used.
[0039]
The present invention, which has been developed as a base material for greening an environment where water retention is difficult, such as a high-rise rooftop or a steep roof, can be used in another way.
When the present invention is applied to a veranda, a rooftop, a nearly flat roof, and the like, which are environmentally favorable, plants and plants that require more moisture than drought-resistant plants can be used.
[0040]
By incorporating the present invention, which uses a container in a spot, into a usual manner performed by a combination of a cultivation plate and a drought-tolerant plant that does not use a water storage container, beautiful plants with flowers can also be enjoyed.
[0041]
In places where there is no need to solidify the culture soil, there is no need to worry about wind flying etc. on the lower floor roof near a flat floor, and when planting plant seedlings by directly storing the culture soil without mixing the binder in the water storage container of the present invention. It can be grown with less soil volume.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by arranging a plurality of juxtapositions, a cultivation plate for growing plants is housed in a water storage container that maintains an appropriate balance of water retention and drainage, and greening in a severe situation is enabled.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has effectively contributed to the environment by effectively utilizing industrial waste as a fertilizer, as a water retention ball for increasing the strength of a cultivation plate, as a bacteriostatic effect imparting material, and as a fertilizer.
The present invention utilizes the fact that a plurality of protrusions on the entire surface of clinker ash, which is industrial waste, are often entangled with the fibrous binder, and that there are a large number of air bubbles capable of holding moisture inside, thereby forming a water retaining plate. Effectively utilized as a sphere.
The present invention reduces the amount of fibrous binders and other binders used to interconnect the water retention balls by housing and protecting the breeding plate in a durable water reservoir, allowing water, air and root ingress. And facilitated plant growth.
In the present invention, since the cultivation plate is housed in the water storage container, it has high water retention and is resistant to strong wind and rain, and can produce stable vegetation even on a high-rise rooftop or a steep roof. Also, since it is very lightweight, it is easy to transport as well as during construction.
Since the present invention is completed only by fixing a small greening base material, it can be easily used in a small space such as a veranda or a log house of a private house. Since it is small, it can be installed in accordance with the shape of the greening target surface which is flexible, and the quantity can be easily adjusted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cultivation plate is housed in a stainless steel container whose side surface is lower than that of a cultivation plate.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cultivation plate is housed in a stainless steel container whose side surface is at the same height as the cultivation plate.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a breeding plate using a pumice having a water retention ability as a water retention ball.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cultivation plate using clinker ash as a water retention ball.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a method for fixing a greening base material of the present invention to a greening target surface.
FIG. 6 is a partially broken perspective view showing an example of a method for fixing a greening base material according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a fixture.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a plurality of greening base materials of the present invention are fixed to a greening target surface.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a drain hole.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation board 2a Water storage container 2b Water storage container 3 Drain hole 4 of a container 4 Planting hole 5 Groove 6 Pumice stone with water retention capacity 7 Fibrous binder 8 Clinker ash 9 Connecting part 10a Fixing tool (receiver)
10b Fixing device (washer)
10c Fixture (screw)
10d Fixture (claw)
11 Double-sided adhesive tape 12a Clearance (drain hole)
12b Gap (drainage channel)
13 Plant seedling with cultivation soil I Greening base material G Surface to be greened

Claims (12)

保水球を繊維性バインダーで相互結合してなる培土板と、培土板を収容する貯水容器との結合体であり、貯水容器側面の高さは培土板のそれより低く形成され、収容された培土板の上部分が貯水容器からはみ出すことを特徴とする緑化基盤材。It is a combination of a breeding plate that is formed by interconnecting water retention balls with a fibrous binder and a water storage container that stores the breeding plate. The height of the water storage container side is formed lower than that of the breeding plate, and the buried soil is stored. Greening base material characterized in that the upper part of the board protrudes from the water storage container. 保水球を繊維性バインダーで相互結合してなる培土板と、培土板を収容する貯水容器との結合体であり、貯水容器側面の高さは培土板のそれと同一に形成され、貯水容器側面が水抜き穴を有することを特徴とする緑化基盤材。It is a combination of a breeding plate formed by interconnecting water retention balls with a fibrous binder, and a water storage container that houses the cultivation plate.The height of the water storage container side surface is formed to be the same as that of the breeding plate, and the water storage container side surface is A greening base material having a drain hole. 請求項1または請求項2記載の緑化基盤材に用いる貯水容器が、方形の器であり、底部全体が正方形の平らな接着面となり、底面の四隅四辺の角部および底面から立ち上がる側面の縦四辺の角部に丸みを持たせることにより、複数並置した際に丸みのある角部が接触せずに隙間を生じさせるよう形成され、必要に応じて側面の上端に、隣接する同士をつなげる連結部を設けることを特徴とする緑化基盤材。The water storage container used for the greening base material according to claim 1 or 2, is a rectangular container, the entire bottom is a square flat adhesive surface, and the four corners of the four corners of the bottom surface and the four vertical sides of the side surface rising from the bottom surface. By forming rounded corners, a plurality of rounded corners are formed so as to form a gap without contact when they are juxtaposed, and if necessary, a connecting part that connects adjacent Greening base material characterized by providing. 請求項1、請求項2または請求項3記載の緑化基盤材に用いる貯水容器を、ステンレス板で形成する緑化基盤材。A greening base material, wherein the water storage container used for the greening base material according to claim 1, 2, or 3 is formed of a stainless steel plate. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3または請求項4記載の緑化基盤材に用いる培土板に、保水球として表面全体に複数の突起をもつクリンカーアッシュを用い繊維性バインダーで相互結合する緑化基盤材。A greening substrate which is formed by using a clinker ash having a plurality of projections on the entire surface as a water retention ball on a cultivation board used for the greening base material according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 and interconnected with a fibrous binder. Wood. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4または請求項5記載の緑化基盤材に用いる培土板に、製造過程で静菌効果付与資材を混入する緑化基盤材。A greening base material, wherein a bacteriostatic effect-imparting material is mixed into the cultivation board used for the greening base material according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. 貯水容器内の培土板の表面に、4つに仕切る縦横の溝を入れた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5または請求項6記載の緑化基盤材。The greening base material according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherein four vertical and horizontal grooves are provided on the surface of the breeding plate in the water storage container. 貯水容器内の培土板の表面任意の位置に、植栽用の孔を複数設けた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5、請求項6または請求項7記載の緑化基盤材。Claim 1, Claim 2, Claim 3, Claim 4, Claim 5, Claim 6, Claim 6 or Claim 7, wherein a plurality of planting holes are provided at any position on the surface of the breeding plate in the water storage container. Greening base material. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3または請求項4記載の緑化基盤材に用いる貯水容器を、培土板を収容しない貯水容器のみで、緑化対象面にあらかじめ並置・固定し、固定されたそれぞれの貯水容器にバインダーを混入した保水球を収容させ、収容された保水球がバインダーによって貯水容器内で次第に相互結合し固形化して培土板となるものであり、貯水容器と培土板との結合が緑化対象面上でなされることを特徴とする緑化基盤材。The water storage container used for the greening base material according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 is previously juxtaposed and fixed on the surface to be greened only with the water storage container that does not house the cultivation plate, and each fixed. The water retention ball mixed with the binder is stored in the water storage container, and the stored water retention ball is gradually interconnected and solidified in the water storage container by the binder to become a breeding plate. A greening base material characterized by being made on the surface to be greened. 緑化対象面上に縦横そろえて並置し、隣接する貯水容器の側面同士を側面上端に設けられた連結部を利用して連結し、必要に応じて貯水容器底部を緑化対象面に接着固定する請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5、請求項6、請求項7または請求項8記載の緑化基盤材の施工方法。A side-by-side arrangement on the surface to be greened side-by-side, the sides of adjacent water storage containers are connected using the connecting portion provided at the upper end of the side surface, and the bottom of the water storage container is bonded and fixed to the surface to be greened as necessary. The method of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 6, claim 7 or claim 8. 緑化対象面の任意の位置にあらかじめ設置された固定具に、貯水容器側面の縦四辺の丸みを持たせた角部を合わせ、丸みのある角部が集まって生じる隙間に固定具が入っている状態にし、その固定具を使用して緑化基盤材同士を連結するとともに緑化対象面に固定し、必要に応じて貯水容器底部を緑化対象面に接着固定する請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5、請求項6、請求項7または請求項8記載の緑化基盤材の施工方法。Align the rounded corners of the four sides of the water storage container with the fixtures that have been installed in advance at any location on the surface to be greened, and the fixtures are included in the gaps formed by the rounded corners gathering The greenery base materials are connected to each other using the fixing tool and fixed to the greening target surface, and the bottom of the water storage container is bonded and fixed to the greening target surface if necessary. The method for constructing a greening base material according to claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, or claim 8. 培土板を収容していない貯水容器のみを緑化対象面に並置・固定する第一工程と、固定された貯水容器にバインダーを混入した保水球を収容させる第二工程とよりなる請求項9記載の緑化基盤材の施工方法。
【0001】
The method according to claim 9, comprising: a first step of juxtaposing and fixing only the water storage container not containing the breeding plate on the surface to be greened; and a second step of storing a water retention ball mixed with a binder in the fixed water storage container. Construction method of greening base material.
[0001]
JP2002360011A 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction Pending JP2004154118A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002360011A JP2004154118A (en) 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002360011A JP2004154118A (en) 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004154118A true JP2004154118A (en) 2004-06-03

Family

ID=32809723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002360011A Pending JP2004154118A (en) 2002-11-07 2002-11-07 Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2004154118A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006197865A (en) * 2005-01-21 2006-08-03 Shimizu Corp Greening unit
JP2008519921A (en) * 2004-11-11 2008-06-12 ツィンコ ゲーエムベーハー System used as a mountable for fall protection equipment
WO2011155692A2 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 Container for culturing cells and manufacturing method thereof
JP4871417B1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-02-08 株式会社イングス Tree planting system and its construction method
CN104429704A (en) * 2014-12-28 2015-03-25 李轩 Facility agricultural production technology and ancillary facilities thereof
US10076085B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2018-09-18 Plantlogic LLC Stackable pots for plants

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008519921A (en) * 2004-11-11 2008-06-12 ツィンコ ゲーエムベーハー System used as a mountable for fall protection equipment
JP2006197865A (en) * 2005-01-21 2006-08-03 Shimizu Corp Greening unit
WO2011155692A2 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 Container for culturing cells and manufacturing method thereof
WO2011155692A3 (en) * 2010-06-10 2012-02-16 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 Container for culturing cells and manufacturing method thereof
JP4871417B1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-02-08 株式会社イングス Tree planting system and its construction method
CN104429704A (en) * 2014-12-28 2015-03-25 李轩 Facility agricultural production technology and ancillary facilities thereof
US10076085B2 (en) 2015-01-26 2018-09-18 Plantlogic LLC Stackable pots for plants

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2008289497A (en) Greening device
JP2004041196A (en) Greening device
JP2004154118A (en) Vegetation base having water storage tank for greening artificial structure suffered from harsh environment and its construction
KR100736847B1 (en) A plant cultivation method for the roof planting and that pot
JP2002327440A (en) Greening board and greening method of road side wall
JP3059318U (en) Vegetation wall structure
JP3753711B2 (en) Tree planting material and planting method using the planting material
KR100566934B1 (en) Greens creation block
JP2000144749A (en) Self-growing type roof greening execution method
JP2002017161A (en) Greening system and method for making building rooftop greening system
JP2008022846A (en) Vegetation panel and its production method, and vegetation method
JPH1018321A (en) Greening wall material
JP2003325038A (en) Planting base material, rooftop greening system and supporter
KR200332243Y1 (en) Planting mat fixing device for incline
JP4192270B2 (en) Tree planting structure and planting method
JP2002194850A (en) Greening block and greening structure
JP2001299094A (en) Structure for plant culture
KR100614087B1 (en) Planting mat fixing device for incline and planting method using the same
JP2000139211A (en) Panel for independent type extra-thin layer greening and its application
JP3485547B2 (en) Partition material
KR101164055B1 (en) Vegetation material for greening slope and greening method of slope using the same
JP2824472B2 (en) Artificial floor for plant cultivation
JP4767116B2 (en) Revegetation structure of the constructed wall with the machin block
JP4116923B2 (en) Greening structure
JP2004135627A (en) Moss vegetation