JP2004149918A - Aluminum alloy for machining and aluminum alloy machined product - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy for machining and aluminum alloy machined product Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004149918A JP2004149918A JP2003347719A JP2003347719A JP2004149918A JP 2004149918 A JP2004149918 A JP 2004149918A JP 2003347719 A JP2003347719 A JP 2003347719A JP 2003347719 A JP2003347719 A JP 2003347719A JP 2004149918 A JP2004149918 A JP 2004149918A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910016338 Bi—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017706 MgZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、Ｐｂを添加することなく優れた切削性を有する切削加工用アルミニウム合金、および該切削加工用アルミニウム合金により構成されたアルミニウム合金加工品に関する。 The present invention relates to a cutting aluminum alloy having excellent machinability without adding Pb, and an aluminum alloy processed article constituted by the cutting aluminum alloy.
アルミニウム合金材の切削加工においては、切屑が連続するために切屑処理の工程が必要となり、また旋削時の製品コーナー部や穴空け加工時のドリル穴周囲に生成するバリを除去する工程が必要となる。このため、切屑の分断性が良好でバリ生成を抑制しうる快削性合金が求められている。 When cutting aluminum alloy materials, it is necessary to have a chip disposal process because chips are continuous, and a process to remove burrs generated around product corners during turning and drill holes during drilling. Become. For this reason, there is a demand for a free-cutting alloy that has good chip separation and can suppress burr formation.
アルミニウム合金に快削性を付与するために、従来は低融点元素であるＰｂの添加が行われていた。Ｐｂを添加した快削性アルミニウム合金としては、例えばＡ２０１１合金（ＪＩＳ 日本工業規格 Ｈ４０４０）が知られている。しかし、有害元素であるＰｂを含有する快削性アルミニウム合金を製造し使用することは、地球環境の保護という観点から回避したい事柄である。このため、例えば、Ｐｂ含有量を規制したアルミニウム合金や、Ｐｂに代えてＢｉやＳｎを添加したアルミニウム合金が開発されている（例えば特許文献１、２、３参照）。
しかしながら、上述したＰｂを含有しないアルミニウム合金においては十分な快削性が得られないため、さらなる改善が求められている。また、切削したアルミニウム合金材は陽極酸化皮膜処理がなされて使用されることもあり、陽極酸化皮膜を均一かつ速やかに生成させるべく、皮膜生成効率の改善といった快削性以外の特性も求められている。 However, since the above-described aluminum alloy not containing Pb does not provide sufficient free-cutting properties, further improvement is required. In addition, the cut aluminum alloy material may be used after being subjected to an anodized film treatment. In order to generate an anodized film uniformly and quickly, characteristics other than free-cutting properties such as improvement in film generation efficiency are also required. Yes.
この発明は、上述の技術背景に鑑み、Ｐｂを添加することなく良好な切削性を有するとともに、良好な皮膜処理性を有する切削加工用アルミニウム合金およびアルミニウム合金加工品の提供を目的とする。
前記目的を達成するために、本発明は以下の構成を有する。即ち、
（１） Ｃｕ：１〜６．５質量％、Ｚｎ：０．０５〜１質量％、Ｂｉ：０．１〜１質量％、Ｓｎ：０．１〜１質量％、Ｂ：１００質量ｐｐｍ以下を含むことを特徴とする切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（２） さらに、選択的添加元素として、Ｆｅ：０．０５〜１質量％、Ｍｇ：０．０１〜０．３質量％、Ｓｉ：０．０５〜１質量％、Ｔｉ：０．０１〜０．５質量％の範囲の元素を少なくとも１種以上を含有する前項１に記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（３） Ｍｇ含有量が、０．０１〜０．１質量％である前項２に記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（４） Ｃｕ含有量が、４〜６質量％である前項１〜３のいずれかに記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（５） Ｚｎ含有量が、０．１〜０．５質量％である前項１〜４のいずれかに記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（６） Ｂｉ含有量が、０．２〜０．８質量％である前項１〜５のいずれかに記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（７） Ｓｎ含有量が、０．２〜０．８質量％である前項１〜６のいずれかに記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（８） Ｂ含有量が、３〜１０質量ｐｐｍである前項１〜７のいずれかに記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金。
（９） 前項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金により構成されていることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金加工品。
（１０） アルミニウム合金加工品は押出材である前項９に記載のアルミニウム合金加工品。
（１１） アルミニウム合金加工品は素材を切削加工してなる切削加工材である前項９に記載のアルミニウム合金加工品。
（１２） 表面に陽極酸化皮膜が形成されてなる前項９〜１１のいずれか１項に記載のアルミニウム合金加工品。
In view of the above-described technical background, an object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for cutting and an aluminum alloy processed article having good cutting properties and having good film processing properties without adding Pb.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration. That is,
(1) Cu: 1 to 6.5 mass%, Zn: 0.05 to 1 mass%, Bi: 0.1 to 1 mass%, Sn: 0.1 to 1 mass%, B: 100 mass ppm or less The aluminum alloy for cutting characterized by including.
(2) Further, as selective additive elements, Fe: 0.05 to 1 mass%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.3 mass%, Si: 0.05 to 1 mass%, Ti: 0.01 to 0 2. The aluminum alloy for cutting according to item 1 above, which contains at least one element in the range of 5% by mass.
(3) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to item 2 above, wherein the Mg content is 0.01 to 0.1% by mass.
(4) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the Cu content is 4 to 6% by mass.
(5) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 4, wherein the Zn content is 0.1 to 0.5 mass%.
(6) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 5, wherein the Bi content is 0.2 to 0.8 mass%.
(7) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 6, wherein the Sn content is 0.2 to 0.8 mass%.
(8) The aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 7, wherein the B content is 3 to 10 ppm by mass.
(9) An aluminum alloy processed product comprising the aluminum alloy for cutting according to any one of items 1 to 8.
(10) The processed aluminum alloy product according to item 9, wherein the processed aluminum alloy product is an extruded material.
(11) The aluminum alloy processed product according to item 9 above, wherein the aluminum alloy processed product is a cutting material obtained by cutting a material.
(12) The aluminum alloy processed article according to any one of items 9 to 11, wherein an anodized film is formed on the surface.
（１）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、Ｐｂを添加することなく優れた切削性が得られ、かつ機械的特性および皮膜処理性にも優れたアルミニウム合金となし得る。また、切削工具の摩耗や損傷も少い。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting work of (1), excellent machinability can be obtained without adding Pb, and an aluminum alloy excellent in mechanical properties and film processability can be obtained. In addition, there is little wear and damage to the cutting tool.
（２）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、さらに切削性が優れ、また不可避的に含有されるＦｅの低減のために格別の工程を必要としない。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting work of (2), the machinability is further excellent, and no special process is required for the reduction of unavoidably contained Fe.
（３）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた強度および切削性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting (3), particularly excellent strength and machinability can be obtained.
（４）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた切削性および機械的特性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting work of (4), particularly excellent machinability and mechanical properties can be obtained.
（５）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた切削性、機械的特性、皮膜処理性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting work of (5), particularly excellent machinability, mechanical characteristics, and film processability can be obtained.
（６）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた切削性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting of (6), particularly excellent machinability is obtained.
（７）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた切削性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting of (7), particularly excellent machinability is obtained.
（８）の切削加工用アルミニウム合金によれば、特に優れた切削性が得られる。 According to the aluminum alloy for cutting of (8), particularly excellent machinability is obtained.
（９）のアルミニウム合金加工品は、（１）〜（８）のいずれか１項に記載の切削加工用アルミニウム合金により構成されているため、切削性、機械的性質、皮膜処理性に優れている。 Since the aluminum alloy processed product of (9) is composed of the aluminum alloy for cutting described in any one of (1) to (8), it is excellent in machinability, mechanical properties, and film processability. Yes.
（１０）のアルミニウム合金加工品は、切削性、機械的性質、皮膜処理性に優れた押出材である。 The aluminum alloy processed product of (10) is an extruded material excellent in machinability, mechanical properties, and film processing properties.
（１１） アルミニウム合金加工品は、良好に切削されて優れた表面品質を有する。 (11) The processed aluminum alloy product is cut well and has excellent surface quality.
（１２）のアルミニウム合金加工品は、均一な陽極酸化皮膜が形成されて優れた表面品質を有する。 The processed aluminum alloy product of (12) has an excellent surface quality because a uniform anodic oxide film is formed.
以下に、本発明の切削加工用アルミニウム合金における各元素の含有義および含有量の限定理由について詳述する。 Hereinafter, the content of each element in the aluminum alloy for machining according to the present invention and the reason for limiting the content will be described in detail.
切削加工用アルミニウム合金の組成において、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｂｉ、Ｓｎ、Ｂの５元素は必須元素である。 In the composition of the aluminum alloy for machining, the five elements of Cu, Zn, Bi, Sn, and B are essential elements.
Ｃｕは、合金母相中に固溶されるとともに、Ａｌと結合してＣｕＡｌ2等の析出物として合金母相中に分散され、合金の機械的特性を向上させ、切削性を向上させる。また、他の固溶型元素との相乗効果により、これらの効果はさらに高められる。Ｃｕ含有量は、１質量％未満では前記効果が乏しく、一方６．５質量％以上になると耐食性が低下するおそれがあるため、１〜６．５質量％とする。好ましいＣｕ含有量は４〜６質量％である。 Cu is dissolved in the alloy matrix and is combined with Al and dispersed in the alloy matrix as precipitates such as CuAl 2 , improving the mechanical properties of the alloy and improving the machinability. In addition, these effects are further enhanced by synergistic effects with other solid solution elements. If the Cu content is less than 1% by mass, the above effect is poor. On the other hand, if the Cu content is 6.5% by mass or more, the corrosion resistance may decrease, so the Cu content is set to 1 to 6.5% by mass. A preferable Cu content is 4 to 6% by mass.
Ｚｎは、合金母相中に固溶されるとともに、Ｍｇと結合してＭｇＺｎ2等の析出物として母相中に分散され、合金の機械的特性を向上させ、切削性を向上させる。また、他の固溶型元素との相乗効果により、これらの効果はさらに高められる。さらに、本発明の含有量であれば陽極酸化皮膜生成速度を向上させる効果があり、切削部品に耐摩耗性や装飾性等の向上を目的として陽極酸化処理される製品に好適に使用できる。Ｚｎ含有量は、０．０５質量％未満では前記効果が乏しく、一方１質量％を越えると、陽極酸化皮膜生成速度が飽和する傾向があるため、０．０５〜１質量％とする必要がある。好ましいＺｎ含有量は０．１〜０．５質量％であり、さらには０．２質量％を越え０．５質量％以下が好ましい。 Zn is dissolved in the alloy matrix and is combined with Mg and dispersed in the matrix as a precipitate such as MgZn 2 to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy and improve the machinability. In addition, these effects are further enhanced by synergistic effects with other solid solution elements. Furthermore, if it is content of this invention, it has the effect of improving the anodic oxide film production | generation rate, and can use it suitably for the product by which an anodizing process is carried out for the purpose of improvement, such as abrasion resistance and a decoration property. If the Zn content is less than 0.05% by mass, the above effect is poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1% by mass, the anodic oxide film formation rate tends to be saturated, so it is necessary to make it 0.05 to 1% by mass. . The preferable Zn content is 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, more preferably more than 0.2% by mass and 0.5% by mass or less.
ＢｉおよびＳｎは、これらが共存することで低融点のＢｉ−Ｓｎ化合物を形成し、合金母相中に分散される。分散されたＢｉ−Ｓｎ化合物は切削加工熱によって溶融し、切屑が溶融脆化することで優れた切屑分断性が得られる。これらの元素の含有量は、Ｂｉ：０．１〜１質量％、Ｓｎ：０．１〜１質量％とする。それぞれ下限値未満では上記効果に乏しく、上限値を越えると鋳造性が著しく低下する。これらの元素の好ましい含有量は、Ｂｉ：０．２〜０．８質量％、Ｓｎ：０．２〜０．８質量％である。 Bi and Sn coexist with each other to form a Bi-Sn compound having a low melting point and are dispersed in the alloy matrix. The dispersed Bi—Sn compound is melted by cutting heat, and the chips are melted and embrittled, whereby excellent chip breaking properties are obtained. The content of these elements is Bi: 0.1-1% by mass and Sn: 0.1-1% by mass. If each is less than the lower limit, the above effect is poor, and if the upper limit is exceeded, the castability is significantly reduced. The preferable content of these elements is Bi: 0.2 to 0.8 mass%, Sn: 0.2 to 0.8 mass%.
Ｂは、鋳造組織を微細化し、微細な晶出物を形成して切削性を向上させる効果がある。前記効果は微量のＢを添加することによって得られる。一方、Ｂ含有量が１００質量ｐｐｍを越えると、工具の摩耗や破損によって工具寿命が低下するおそれがあるため、１００質量ｐｐｍ以下とする。Ｂ含有量の好ましい範囲は３〜１０質量ｐｐｍである。 B has an effect of improving the machinability by refining the cast structure and forming fine crystals. The effect can be obtained by adding a trace amount of B. On the other hand, if the B content exceeds 100 mass ppm, the tool life may be reduced due to wear or breakage of the tool. A preferable range of the B content is 3 to 10 ppm by mass.
また、切削加工用アルミニウム合金においては、合金の諸特性のさらなる向上を目的として、上述の必須５元素を含むアルミニウム合金を基本組成に、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｉ、Ｔｉの４元素のうちから任意の１種または任意に組み合わせた２種以上の元素が添加されることがある。 Moreover, in the aluminum alloy for cutting, for the purpose of further improving various properties of the alloy, the aluminum alloy containing the above-mentioned essential five elements is used as a basic composition, and any of the four elements of Fe, Mg, Si, and Ti One or more elements may be added alone or in any combination.
Ｆｅは、Ｓｉとの共存時においてＳｉとの結合量が比較的少ないために、Ｓｉを切屑分断性に効果のあるＳｉを単独粒子として分散させることができ、優れた切屑分断性を維持することができる。また、Ｆｅはアルミニウム合金に不可避的に含有される元素であるが、その含有量が０．０５〜１質量％の範囲であれば、通常の製造品質で含有される量であるから、Ｆｅの低減を図るための格別の工程を必要としない。Ｆｅ含有量は、０．０５質量％未満に低減しようとすればコストが増大し、１質量％を越えるとビレット等の鋳造品の鋳肌品質が低下するとともに、Ｓｉとの化合物が増えてＳｉ単独粒子が減少して切屑分断性が低下する。特に好ましいＦｅ含有量は、０．０５〜０．５質量％である。 Fe has a relatively small amount of bonding with Si when coexisting with Si, so that Si can be dispersed as a single particle, which is effective for chip breaking, and maintains excellent chip breaking. Can do. Moreover, Fe is an element inevitably contained in the aluminum alloy, but if the content is in the range of 0.05 to 1% by mass, it is an amount contained in normal production quality. No special process is required for reduction. If the Fe content is reduced to less than 0.05% by mass, the cost increases. If the Fe content exceeds 1% by mass, the casting surface quality of the cast product such as billet is deteriorated, and the compound with Si increases to increase Si content. Single particles are reduced and chip breaking properties are reduced. A particularly preferable Fe content is 0.05 to 0.5% by mass.
Ｍｇは、合金母相に固溶するとともに、Ｃｕと共存し、あるいはＳｉと共存することによってこれらと結合して母相中に分散し、強度および切削性を一層向上させる効果がある。Ｍｇ含有量は、０．０１質量％未満では前記効果が乏しく、一方０．３質量％を越えると熱間加工性が低下するため、０．０１〜０．３質量％とする。好ましいＭｇ含有量は０．０１〜０．１質量％である。 Mg is dissolved in the alloy mother phase and coexists with Cu or Si, so that it is combined with these and dispersed in the mother phase, and has the effect of further improving the strength and machinability. If the Mg content is less than 0.01% by mass, the above-described effect is poor. A preferable Mg content is 0.01 to 0.1% by mass.
Ｓｉは、アルミニウム中への固溶量が少ないために化合物形成に要する量を除いて、Ｓｉの単体粒子として合金母相中に分散され、強度および切削性を向上させる効果がある。特に、Ｍｇとの共存によりＭｇ2Ｓｉを形成して強度を向上させる。さらに共晶Ｓｉの分散によっても切削性向上効果が助長される。Ｓｉ含有量は、０．０５質量％未満では上記効果に乏しく、一方１質量％を越えると切削性は向上するものの、工具の摩耗や損傷が著しくなって工具寿命が低下するとともに、熱間加工性が低下するため、０．０５〜１質量％とする必要がある。特に好ましいＳｉ含有量は０．０５〜０．５質量％である。 Since the amount of solid solution in aluminum is small, Si is dispersed in the alloy matrix as simple particles of Si except for the amount required for compound formation, and has the effect of improving strength and machinability. In particular, Mg 2 Si is formed by coexistence with Mg to improve the strength. Further, the effect of improving machinability is also promoted by the dispersion of eutectic Si. If the Si content is less than 0.05% by mass, the above effects are poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1% by mass, the machinability is improved, but the wear and damage of the tool becomes remarkable, and the tool life is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to make it 0.05 to 1% by mass. A particularly preferable Si content is 0.05 to 0.5% by mass.
Ｔｉは、鋳塊組織を微細化させるとともに再結晶抑制効果により微細な晶出物の形成し、機械的特性および切削性を向上させる効果がある。また、耐食性向上効果がある。Ｔｉ含有量は、０．０１質量％未満では再結晶抑制効果が低下し、例えば押出材表面に粗大再結晶粒が形成され易くなって、断面方向における切屑分断性が不安定となる。また、０．０１質量％未満では、機械的特性や耐食性向上効果も乏しい。一方、０．５質量％を越えると押出ビレット等の鋳造性を低下させるおそれがある。従って、Ｔｉ含有量は、０．０１〜０．５質量％が好ましい。特に好ましいＴｉ含有量は０．０１〜０．１質量％である。 Ti has the effect of refining the ingot structure and forming fine crystallized substances due to the effect of suppressing recrystallization, thereby improving mechanical properties and machinability. In addition, there is an effect of improving corrosion resistance. When the Ti content is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of suppressing recrystallization is reduced. For example, coarse recrystallized grains are likely to be formed on the surface of the extruded material, and the chip breaking property in the cross-sectional direction becomes unstable. Moreover, if it is less than 0.01 mass%, the mechanical characteristics and the corrosion resistance improving effect are also poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.5 mass%, the castability of an extruded billet or the like may be reduced. Therefore, the Ti content is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass. A particularly preferable Ti content is 0.01 to 0.1% by mass.
上述した任意に選択する４元素は、必須５元素に少なくとも１種また任意に組み合わせた２種以上を添加すれば対応する効果が得られる。 The above-mentioned four elements to be arbitrarily selected can obtain corresponding effects by adding at least one of the essential five elements in combination of at least one or any combination.
また、本発明の切削加工用アルミニウム合金の残部組成は、例えば不可避不純物とＡｌである。 Moreover, the remainder composition of the aluminum alloy for cutting of this invention is an unavoidable impurity and Al, for example.
本発明の切削加工用アルミニウム合金は、常法により、材料の溶解、スラブやビレットの鋳塊鋳造、面削、均熱処理が施され、さらに押出や圧延等の塑性加工によって所望形状に成形される。これらの工程における熱処理、時効処理、洗浄等も常法により適宜行われる。成形したアルミニウム合金材は、要すれば切削し、あるいは陽極酸化処理を施して種々の製品に加工して広く使用される。用途例として、レンズ枠、レンズ間隔管（鏡胴）、カメラの三脚固定ネジ部材等の光学機器部品、マグネットロール用フランジ、コネクタの角状ナット、外ネジ管等のＯＡ機器および電子機器部品を例示できる。例えば前記光学機器部品は、アルミニウム合金鋳塊から棒状押出品または環状押出品を製作し、これらの押出品を切断し切削加工した後に、陽極酸化処理を施して製作される。 The aluminum alloy for machining according to the present invention is subjected to material melting, ingot casting of slabs and billets, face milling, soaking, and soaking by a conventional method, and further formed into a desired shape by plastic working such as extrusion or rolling. . Heat treatment, aging treatment, washing and the like in these steps are also appropriately performed by conventional methods. The formed aluminum alloy material is widely used after being cut or anodized if necessary and processed into various products. Examples of applications include optical equipment parts such as lens frames, lens interval tubes (lens barrels), camera tripod fixing screw members, flanges for magnet rolls, rectangular nuts for connectors, external screw pipes, and other OA equipment and electronic equipment parts. It can be illustrated. For example, the optical device component is manufactured by manufacturing a rod-like extrudate or an annular extrudate from an aluminum alloy ingot, and cutting and cutting these extrudates, followed by anodizing.
本発明のアルミニウム合金加工品は、上記切削加工用アルミニウム合金を所要形状に成形し、あるいはさらに耐摩耗性や装飾性等の向上を目的として陽極酸化皮膜を形成したものである。上述したように、材料合金はその化学組成により機械的性質、切削性、表面処理性に優れているから、上述した各種用途に好適に用いることができる。 The aluminum alloy processed product of the present invention is obtained by forming the above-described aluminum alloy for cutting into a required shape, or further forming an anodized film for the purpose of improving wear resistance, decoration, and the like. As described above, since the material alloy is excellent in mechanical properties, machinability, and surface treatment properties due to its chemical composition, it can be suitably used for the various applications described above.
前記アルミニウム合金加工品は、材料合金をいかなる方法によって成形しても良く、押出材、素材を切削加工してなる切削加工材、圧延材等を例示できる。切削加工に供する素材の種類は限定されず、押出材、圧延材などの任意の素材を対象とする。切削加工に際してはバリ生成が抑制されて良好に加工でき、ひいては優れた表面品質の加工品となし得る。 The aluminum alloy processed product may be formed by any method of forming a material alloy, and examples thereof include an extruded material, a cutting material formed by cutting a material, and a rolled material. The kind of material used for cutting is not limited, and any material such as an extruded material or a rolled material is targeted. In the cutting process, the generation of burrs is suppressed so that it can be processed satisfactorily, and as a result, a processed product with excellent surface quality can be obtained.
また、前記アルミニウム合金加工品は、成形後に陽極酸化処理を施して表面に陽極酸化皮膜を形成することもできる。皮膜処理性に優れた材料合金で構成されているために速やかに均一な皮膜が形成され、耐摩耗性や装飾性の向上といった皮膜形成による効果を最大限に享受でき、優れた表面品質の加工品となし得る。陽極酸化処理の条件は限定されず、周知の方法により適宜処理することができる。 The processed aluminum alloy product may be anodized after forming to form an anodized film on the surface. Because it is made of a material alloy with excellent film processing properties, a uniform film can be quickly formed, and the effects of film formation, such as improved wear resistance and decorativeness, can be fully enjoyed. You can do it with goods. The conditions for the anodizing treatment are not limited, and the treatment can be appropriately performed by a known method.
〔試験Ａ〕
表１に示す合金No.Ａ１〜Ａ３０の各組成のアルミニウム合金を用意した。合金No.Ａ１〜Ａ２１は、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｂｉ、Ｓｎ、Ｂを含み、残部がＡｌおよび不純物からなる本発明組成である。合金No.Ａ２２〜Ａ３０はその比較組成である。
[Test A]
Aluminum alloys having respective compositions of alloy Nos. A1 to A30 shown in Table 1 were prepared. Alloys Nos. A1 to A21 are compositions of the present invention containing Cu, Zn, Bi, Sn, and B, with the balance being Al and impurities. Alloys No. A22 to A30 are comparative compositions.
表１の合金No.Ａ１〜Ａ３０に示す各組成アルミニウム合金を鋳造材料として、常法によりそれぞれ直径２００mmの押出ビレットを鋳造し、均質化処理を施した後、押出加工を行って直径３０mmの押出棒を作製した。次いでこれらの押出棒を４９５℃で５時間溶体化処理した後、水焼入れを行った。その後、直径２５mmまで引抜加工してＴ３処理材を作製し、さらに１３０℃で１４時間の人工時効処理を行ってＴ８処理材を作製し、これらのＴ８処理材を試験材とした。 Each composition aluminum alloy shown in Alloy Nos. A1 to A30 in Table 1 is used as a casting material. Extruded billets each having a diameter of 200 mm are cast by a conventional method, homogenized, and then extruded to be extruded with a diameter of 30 mm. A rod was made. Next, these extrusion rods were subjected to solution treatment at 495 ° C. for 5 hours, and then water quenching was performed. Thereafter, a T3 treatment material was produced by drawing to a diameter of 25 mm, and further an artificial aging treatment was performed at 130 ° C. for 14 hours to produce a T8 treatment material. These T8 treatment materials were used as test materials.
作製した各試験材について、０．２％耐力、引張強さ、破断伸びの機械的特性を測定するとともに、切削性、工具の摩耗、耐食性、皮膜処理性を下記の方法で調べた。そして、Ｐｂ含有のＡ２０１１合金（ＪＩＳ 日本工業規格 Ｈ４０４０）からなる押出材の諸特性と比較して下記の４段階で相対的に評価した。
◎ ：優れている
○ ：同等である
△ ：やや劣っている
× ：劣っている
〔切削性〕
超硬チップを用い、切削速度１５０ｍ／min、送り速度０．２mm／rev、切り込み１．０mmで湿式切削を行い、切屑個数／１００ｇにより切屑分断性を調べ、切屑分断性をもって切削性を評価した。
〔工具の摩耗〕
高速度鋼片刃バイトを用いた乾式切削により、切削速度２００ｍ／min、送り速度０．２mm／rev、切り込み３mmの条件にて５分間の連続切削を行い、バイトの逃げ面の摩耗幅を測定した。
〔耐食性〕
ＪＩＳ（日本工業規格） Ｚ２３７１に基づく塩水噴霧試験を行い、１０００時間噴霧による腐食減量により評価した。
〔皮膜処理性〕
常法により、硫酸による陽極酸化皮膜処理を施し、生成した陽極酸化皮膜の厚さにより評価した。
これらの結果を表１に併せて示す。
About each produced test material, while measuring the mechanical characteristics of 0.2% yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break, the machinability, tool wear, corrosion resistance, and film processability were examined by the following methods. And compared with the various characteristics of the extrusion material which consists of Pb containing A2011 alloy (JIS Japanese Industrial Standard H4040), it evaluated relatively in the following four steps.
◎: Excellent ○: Equivalent △: Slightly inferior ×: Inferior [Machinability]
Using a cemented carbide tip, wet cutting was performed at a cutting speed of 150 m / min, a feed rate of 0.2 mm / rev, and a cutting depth of 1.0 mm, and the chip breaking property was examined based on the number of chips / 100 g, and the cutting property was evaluated based on the chip breaking property. .
[Tool wear]
By dry cutting using a high-speed steel single-edged cutting tool, continuous cutting was performed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a cutting speed of 200 m / min, a feed rate of 0.2 mm / rev, and a cutting depth of 3 mm, and the wear width of the flank face of the cutting tool was measured. .
[Corrosion resistance]
A salt spray test based on JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) Z2371 was conducted, and the corrosion loss was evaluated by spraying for 1000 hours.
[Film treatability]
The anodic oxide film was treated with sulfuric acid by an ordinary method, and the thickness of the produced anodic oxide film was evaluated.
These results are also shown in Table 1.
表１の結果から、本発明組成の切削加工用アルミニウム合金は、Ｐｂを添加することなくＡ２０１１合金と同等またはそれ以上の優れた切削性および機械的強度を有し、また切削時の工具の摩耗も抑制され、かつ優れた耐食性、陽極酸化皮膜処理性を有することを確認できた。
〔試験Ｂ〕
表２に示す合金No.Ｂ１〜Ｂ２６の各組成のアルミニウム合金を用意した。合金No.Ｂ１〜Ｂ１１は合金No.Ａ−３の基本組成に４種の任意選択加元素（Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｉ、Ｔｉ）を添加したものであり、合金No.Ｂ１２〜Ｂ２２は合金No.Ａ１９の基本組成に４種の任意選択加元素を添加したものである。合金No.Ｂ２３〜Ｂ２６は、これらの比較組成である。
From the results of Table 1, the aluminum alloy for cutting work of the composition of the present invention has excellent machinability and mechanical strength equal to or higher than that of the A2011 alloy without adding Pb, and wear of the tool during cutting. It was also confirmed that it has excellent corrosion resistance and anodic oxide film processing properties.
[Test B]
Aluminum alloys having respective compositions of Alloy Nos. B1 to B26 shown in Table 2 were prepared. Alloys Nos. B1 to B11 are obtained by adding four kinds of optional additive elements (Fe, Mg, Si, Ti) to the basic composition of Alloy No. A-3, and Alloys Nos. B12 to B22 are alloy Nos. Four optional additional elements are added to the basic composition of A19. Alloys Nos. B23 to B26 have these comparative compositions.
これらのアルミニウム合金を鋳造材料として、上述の試験Ａと同じ方法で試験材を作製し、各試験材について、試験Ａと同じ方法で機械的特性、切削性、工具の摩耗、耐食性、皮膜処理性を調べた。そして、合金No.Ｂ１〜Ｂ１１、Ｂ２３〜Ｂ２６は合金No.Ａ３を対照材とし、合金No.Ｂ１２〜Ｂ２２は合金No.Ａ１９を対照材として、下記の４段階で相対的に評価した。
◎ ：優れている
○ ：同等である
△ ：やや劣っている
× ：劣っている
これらの結果を表２に併せて示す。
Using these aluminum alloys as casting materials, test materials were prepared by the same method as in test A described above, and for each test material, mechanical properties, machinability, tool wear, corrosion resistance, and film processing properties were the same as in test A. I investigated. Alloys No. B1 to B11 and B23 to B26 were evaluated relative to each other in the following four stages using Alloy No. A3 as a control material and Alloy Nos. B12 to B22 using Alloy No. A19 as a control material.
A: Excellent ○: Equivalent Δ: Slightly inferior ×: Inferior These results are also shown in Table 2.
表２の結果から、基本組成にＦｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｉ、Ｔｉを添加することにより、切削性および機械的特性をさらに向上させ得ることを確認した。また、合金No.Ｂ１、Ｂ２、Ｂ１２、Ｂ１３より、Ｆｅ含有量が本発明範囲内であれば格別の工程を必要とせず、切削加工用アルミニウム合金となし得ることを確認した。 From the results of Table 2, it was confirmed that the machinability and mechanical properties could be further improved by adding Fe, Mg, Si, and Ti to the basic composition. Further, from the alloys No. B1, B2, B12, and B13, it was confirmed that if the Fe content is within the range of the present invention, no special process is required, and an aluminum alloy for cutting can be obtained.
一方、合金No.Ｂ２３は、鋳造したビレットの鋳肌品質が品質が悪く、押出した試験材の品質も悪いものであった。合金No.Ｂ２４、Ｂ２５は押出時の加工性が悪く、成形に多大な困難を伴うものであった。しかも合金No.Ｂ２５は切削工具の摩耗が激しいものであった。合金No.Ｂ２６はビレットの鋳造性が悪く、ビレット鋳造に多大な困難を伴うものであった。 On the other hand, Alloy No. B23 had poor cast skin quality of the cast billet and poor quality of the extruded test material. Alloys Nos. B24 and B25 had poor processability during extrusion and were accompanied by great difficulty in forming. In addition, Alloy No. B25 was severely worn by the cutting tool. Alloy No. B26 had poor castability of the billet and was accompanied by great difficulty in billet casting.
本発明の切削加工用アルミニウム合金は、切削性に優れ、かつ機械的特性および皮膜処理性にも優れたものであるから、各種アルミニウム部材の材料として広く用いることができる。またＰｂを含まない合金であるから、環境保護の観点からも推奨される。
The aluminum alloy for machining according to the present invention is excellent in machinability and excellent in mechanical characteristics and film processability, and therefore can be widely used as a material for various aluminum members. Moreover, since it is an alloy containing no Pb, it is also recommended from the viewpoint of environmental protection.
Claims (12)
The aluminum alloy processed article according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein an anodized film is formed on the surface.
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