JP2004139898A - Drum-shaped storage battery - Google Patents

Drum-shaped storage battery Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004139898A
JP2004139898A JP2002304796A JP2002304796A JP2004139898A JP 2004139898 A JP2004139898 A JP 2004139898A JP 2002304796 A JP2002304796 A JP 2002304796A JP 2002304796 A JP2002304796 A JP 2002304796A JP 2004139898 A JP2004139898 A JP 2004139898A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
plate
positive electrode
positive
welded
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Pending
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JP2002304796A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Seiji Bito
尾藤　誠二
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002304796A priority Critical patent/JP2004139898A/en
Publication of JP2004139898A publication Critical patent/JP2004139898A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drum-shaped storage battery resistant to a heavy-current electrical discharge. <P>SOLUTION: The drum-shaped storage battery comprises an electrode group 5 in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are wound in a spiral shape, with a core member of the positive electrode plate projecting upward at its end portion and a core member of the negative electrode plate projecting downward at its end portion. The electrode group 5 has a positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 welded to a positive electrode core member projection 3 that projects upward, and a negative electrode current smoothing plate 8 welded to a negative electrode core member projection 4 that projects downward. The battery further comprises a positive electrode collector 10 welded to an upper portion of the positive electrode current smoothing plate 7, and a negative electrode collector 11 welded to a lower portion of the negative electrode current smoothing plate 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、渦巻き状電極群を備えた円筒型蓄電池に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
円筒型蓄電池では、ニッケル−カドミウム蓄電池やニッケル−水素蓄電池等が代表的であり、これらは信頼性が高く、かつメンテナンスも容易であることから、携帯電話やノートパソコン等の各種用途に幅広く使用されている。
【０００３】
また、近年では電動補助付自転車、芝刈機、さらには電気自動車等の電源として大電流放電に適した円筒型蓄電池の開発が要望されている。
【０００４】
このような大電流用の円筒型蓄電池は、帯状の長い正・負極板と、この両者間に介在して電気的に絶縁するセパレータとを渦巻状に巻回して構成した極板群を金属製電池ケースに収納し、この極板群にアルカリ電解液が所定量注入された後、電池ケース上部を正・負極板いずれか一方極の端子を兼ねた封口板で密閉し、構成されている。
【０００５】
なお、大電流放電に適した極板からの出入力集電構造としては、極板群の上下端面からそれぞれ外方へ突出した極板の先端部分に、夫々一枚づつの矩形状の集電体を載置し、複数個所で溶接後、集電体の中央部の透孔に挿入した溶接電極棒とケース底部に配置した溶接電極によって、ケースと負極集電体はケース中央底部に一点で溶接する方式が一般的に用いられている。（例えば、特許文献１）
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−０３１４９７号公報（第２頁）
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記極板の先端部分に矩形状の集電体を溶接する場合、極板の先端部分と集電体の溶接面積は電極群面積の数％のみである。例えば、１００Ａのような大電流で放電すると、極板の先端部分と矩形状の集電体間の抵抗が高いために電池の電圧が急激に低下する可能性がある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の円筒型蓄電池は正極板と負極板とセパレータよりなり、
前記正極板はその先端部分の芯材を上方に突出させ、負極板はその先端部分の芯材を下方へ突出させて渦巻状に巻回した電極群と、この電極群の上方へ突出した正極芯材突出部に溶接した正極電流平滑板と、
前記正極電流平滑板の上部と溶接した正極集電体と、下方へ突出した芯材突出部に溶接した負極電流平滑板と、
前記負極電流平滑板の下部と溶接した負極集電体と、これらを内部に収容するとともに負極板の出入力端子を兼ねた金属製ケースと、
このケースを封口するとともに電気的にケースとは絶縁されていて上方に正極の出入力端子を兼ねたキャップを備えた封口体とからなるものである。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について説明する。
【００１０】
図１は本発明の一実施形態における円筒型蓄電池の模式断面図である。正極板１と負極板２とセパレータ６よりなり、正極板１はその先端部分の芯材３を上方に突出させ、負極板２はその先端部分の芯材４を下方へ突出させて渦巻状に巻回した電極群５と、この電極群５の上方へ突出した正極突出部３に溶接した正極電流平滑板７と正極集電体１０と、下方へ突出した負極芯材突出部４に溶接した負極電流平滑板８と負極集電体１１と、これらを内部に収容するとともに負極の出入力端子を兼ねた金属製ケース９と、このケースを封口するとともに電気的にケースとは絶縁されていて上方で接続リード１２によって、前記正極集電体と接続された正極端子、及びキャップを備えた封口体１３とからなる本発明の一実施形態における円筒型蓄電池である。
【００１１】
図２は本発明の一実施形態における円筒型蓄電池の模式断面図である。正極電流平滑板７と負極電流平滑板８のそれぞれの厚みを１００μｍ、正極集電体１０と負極集電体１１の厚みを４００μｍとした。
【００１２】
なお、この正極電流平滑板７と負極電流平滑板８のそれぞれの厚みを５０μｍから２００μｍの範囲とすることで芯材突出部との溶接が容易となり、また正極集電体１０と負極集電体１１の厚みを２００μｍから５００μｍの範囲とすることによって、電池端子からの電流供給が容易となるので好ましい。
【００１３】
図３は本発明の一実施形態における円筒型蓄電池の模式断面図であり、正極の先端部分の芯材３と正極電流平滑板７は、溶接電極１４ａ，１４ｂによって複数箇所の抵抗溶接が施されている。また、これらの接続は、レーザ溶接、ビーム溶接でも接続可能である。負極の先端部分の芯材４と負極電流平滑板８の溶接も同様である。
【００１４】
更に、電流平滑板７，８と集電体１０，１１の分解斜視図を図４に示す。
【００１５】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の具体例を説明する。
【００１６】
本発明電池Ａは直径３３ｍｍ、高さ６１ｍｍ、公称容量６０００ｍＡｈであり、以下に、この構成方法を詳しく説明する。
【００１７】
厚さ０．５ｍｍの焼結式ニッケル正極と、厚さ０．３ｍｍの水素吸蔵合金負極を用い、それぞれの極板にはその長さ方向の先端に露出した芯材部を設け、この露出芯材部がそれぞれ電極群の上下に１．５ｍｍずつずれて突出するようにセパレータを介在させ、全体を渦巻状に巻回させて、直径３０ｍｍ、高さ５０ｍｍの電極群を構成した。
【００１８】
上記の電極群上端面の正極芯材突出部３に、矩形状で、対角の長さ２７ｍｍ、厚み１００μｍの正極電流平滑板７を一対の溶接電極を用いて複数箇所で抵抗溶接し、その上部に矩形状で対角の長さ２７ｍｍ、厚み４００μｍの正極集電体１０を溶接し、電極群下端面の負極芯材突出部４には矩形状で対角の長さ２７ｍｍ、厚み１００μｍの負極電流平滑板８を一対の溶接電極を用いて複数箇所で抵抗溶接し、その下部に矩形状で対角の長さ２７ｍｍ、厚み４００μｍの負極集電体１１を溶接した。この電極群５を金属ケース９に挿入し、正極集電体１０の中央透孔部に１本の溶接電極棒を通して負極集電体１１の中央部を加圧しながら電池ケースの内底面に溶接した。
【００１９】
次に、所定量のアルカリ電解液を正極集電体１０の中央透孔部から金属ケース９内に注入した後、正極集電体１０に設けた接続リード１２の先端を正極端子となる封口体１３に溶接し、封口体１３でケース９の開口部を密閉して本発明の電池Ａを作製した。
【００２０】
電池Ａとの比較のために正・負極板の電流平滑板がない比較例の電池Ｂを作製した。
【００２１】
この２つの電池Ａ，Ｂを用いて内部抵抗を測定し、比較を行った。
【００２２】
室温（２５℃）で２Ａの電流値で電池電圧が０．９Ｖになるまで放電させた後、６Ａの電流値で３０分間充電した。ついで、１時間休止させた後、２５Ａの電流値で２０秒間放電させ、１０秒後の電池電圧を測定した。ついで、放電させた容量を充電した後、同様に、５０Ａ，７５Ａ，１００Ａの電流値で２０秒間放電させ、１０秒後の電池電圧をそれぞれ測定した。このようにして得られた１０秒後の電池電圧を縦軸とし、各電流値を横軸としてＩ（電流）−Ｖ（電圧）特性における直線の傾きを求め、その結果を図５に示す。
【００２３】
図５から明らかなように、比較電池Ｂの直線の傾き（内部抵抗）が大きいのに対して、電池Ａの傾きは小さいことがわかる。それぞれの電池の内部抵抗は、２．９ｍΩ，２．６ｍΩとなり、本発明電池Ａの内部抵抗が０．３ｍΩ小さいことがわかる。これは負極集電体１１とケース９の接合面積が大きいことと、負極集電体１１からケース９（負極端子）までの電流経路が短いため、内部抵抗が低減し、高効率放電が可能となったと考えられる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
本発明の円筒型蓄電池によれば、電極群５の上下方向へ突出した極板の芯材突出部に溶接した電流平滑板により、電極群抵抗の低減を達成でき、電池の高効率放電が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態における円筒型蓄電池の断面模式図
【図２】本発明の一実施形態におけるる円筒型蓄電池の断面模式図
【図３】本発明の一実施形態における極板群と電流平滑板を抵抗接続した円筒型蓄電池の断面模式図
【図４】本発明の一実施形態における電流平滑板と集電体の分解斜視図
【図５】Ｉ（電流）−Ｖ（電圧）特性を示す図
【符号の説明】
１　正極板
２　負極板
３　正極芯材突出部
４　負極芯材突出部
５　電極群
６　セパレータ
７　正極電流平滑板
８　負極電流平滑板
９　ケース
１０　正極集電体
１１　負極集電体
１２　接続リード
１３　封口体
１４ａ　溶接電極
１４ｂ　溶接電極[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cylindrical storage battery provided with a spiral electrode group.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nickel-cadmium storage batteries and nickel-hydrogen storage batteries are typical examples of cylindrical storage batteries. These are highly reliable and easy to maintain, and are widely used in various applications such as mobile phones and notebook computers. ing.
[0003]
In recent years, there has been a demand for the development of a cylindrical storage battery suitable for large-current discharge as a power source for bicycles with electric assistance, lawnmowers, and electric vehicles.
[0004]
Such a cylindrical battery for a large current has a metal-made electrode plate formed by spirally winding a long strip-shaped positive / negative electrode plate and a separator interposed between them to electrically insulate. The battery pack is housed in a battery case, and after a predetermined amount of an alkaline electrolyte is injected into this electrode plate group, the upper part of the battery case is sealed with a sealing plate also serving as a terminal of one of the positive and negative electrodes.
[0005]
In addition, the input / output current collecting structure from the electrode plate suitable for large-current discharge includes a rectangular current collector at the tip of each of the electrode plates protruding outward from the upper and lower end surfaces of the electrode group. After the body is placed and welded at multiple locations, the case and the negative electrode current collector are pointed at the center bottom of the case by the welding electrode rod inserted into the through hole at the center of the current collector and the welding electrode placed at the bottom of the case. A welding method is generally used. (For example, Patent Document 1)
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-031497 (page 2)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a rectangular current collector is welded to the tip of the electrode plate, the welding area between the tip of the electrode plate and the current collector is only a few percent of the area of the electrode group. For example, when discharging with a large current such as 100 A, there is a possibility that the voltage of the battery drops sharply due to high resistance between the tip of the electrode plate and the rectangular current collector.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The cylindrical storage battery of the present invention comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator,
The positive electrode plate has a core material at its tip protruding upward, the negative electrode plate has a core material at its tip protruding downward and spirally wound, and a positive electrode protruding above the electrode group. A cathode current smoothing plate welded to the core projection,
A positive electrode current collector welded to the upper portion of the positive electrode current smoothing plate, and a negative electrode current smoothing plate welded to a core material protrusion protruding downward,
A negative electrode current collector welded to the lower part of the negative electrode current smoothing plate, and a metal case accommodating these inside and also serving as an input / output terminal of the negative electrode plate,
The case is sealed, and is electrically insulated from the case, and includes a sealing body provided with a cap which also serves as an input / output terminal of the positive electrode.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. A positive electrode plate 1, a negative electrode plate 2, and a separator 6 are provided. The positive electrode plate 1 has a core material 3 at a tip portion thereof projecting upward, and the negative electrode plate 2 has a core material 4 at a tip portion projecting downward to form a spiral. The wound electrode group 5, the positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 and the positive electrode current collector 10 welded to the positive electrode projection 3 projecting upward from the electrode group 5, and the negative electrode core material projection 4 projecting downward were welded. The negative electrode current smoothing plate 8 and the negative electrode current collector 11, the metal case 9 accommodating these, and also serving as the input / output terminal of the negative electrode, are sealed and electrically insulated from the case. This is a cylindrical storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a positive electrode terminal connected to the positive electrode current collector by a connection lead 12 at an upper part, and a sealing body 13 having a cap.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. The thickness of each of the positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 and the negative electrode current smoothing plate 8 was 100 μm, and the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 10 and the negative electrode current collector 11 was 400 μm.
[0012]
By setting the thickness of each of the positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 and the negative electrode current smoothing plate 8 to be in the range of 50 μm to 200 μm, welding to the core projecting portion becomes easy, and the positive electrode current collector 10 and the negative electrode current collector It is preferable that the thickness of the battery 11 be in the range of 200 μm to 500 μm, because the current supply from the battery terminal becomes easy.
[0013]
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. The core material 3 at the tip of the positive electrode and the positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 are subjected to resistance welding at a plurality of locations by welding electrodes 14a and 14b. ing. These connections can also be made by laser welding or beam welding. The same applies to the welding of the core material 4 at the tip of the negative electrode and the negative electrode current smoothing plate 8.
[0014]
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the current smoothing plates 7 and 8 and the current collectors 10 and 11.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, a specific example of the present invention will be described.
[0016]
The battery A of the present invention has a diameter of 33 mm, a height of 61 mm, and a nominal capacity of 6000 mAh. Hereinafter, this configuration method will be described in detail.
[0017]
A sintered nickel positive electrode having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode having a thickness of 0.3 mm were used, and each electrode plate was provided with a core portion exposed at a longitudinal end thereof. An electrode group having a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 50 mm was formed by interposing a separator so that the material portions protruded above and below the electrode group by 1.5 mm with a deviation of 1.5 mm each, and the whole was spirally wound.
[0018]
A positive electrode current smoothing plate 7 having a rectangular shape, a diagonal length of 27 mm, and a thickness of 100 μm is resistance-welded to the positive electrode core projecting portion 3 on the upper end surface of the electrode group at a plurality of locations using a pair of welding electrodes. A positive electrode current collector 10 having a rectangular shape and a diagonal length of 27 mm and a thickness of 400 μm is welded to the upper portion, and a rectangular diagonal length of 27 mm and a thickness of 100 μm is formed on the negative electrode core material projection 4 at the lower end surface of the electrode group. The negative electrode current smoothing plate 8 was resistance-welded at a plurality of locations using a pair of welding electrodes, and a rectangular negative electrode current collector 11 having a diagonal length of 27 mm and a thickness of 400 μm was welded to a lower portion thereof. This electrode group 5 was inserted into the metal case 9, and was welded to the inner bottom surface of the battery case while pressing the center of the negative electrode current collector 11 through one welding electrode rod through the center hole of the positive electrode current collector 10. .
[0019]
Next, after injecting a predetermined amount of an alkaline electrolyte into the metal case 9 from the central through hole of the positive electrode current collector 10, the tip of the connection lead 12 provided on the positive electrode current collector 10 is used as a positive electrode terminal. 13, and the opening of the case 9 was sealed with the sealing body 13 to produce the battery A of the present invention.
[0020]
For comparison with the battery A, a battery B of a comparative example having no positive / negative current smoothing plate was prepared.
[0021]
The internal resistance was measured using these two batteries A and B, and a comparison was made.
[0022]
The battery was discharged at room temperature (25 ° C.) at a current value of 2 A until the battery voltage became 0.9 V, and then charged at a current value of 6 A for 30 minutes. Then, after suspending for 1 hour, the battery was discharged at a current value of 25 A for 20 seconds, and the battery voltage after 10 seconds was measured. Next, after charging the discharged capacity, the battery was similarly discharged at a current value of 50 A, 75 A, and 100 A for 20 seconds, and the battery voltage after 10 seconds was measured. The vertical axis represents the battery voltage obtained after 10 seconds obtained in this way, and the horizontal axis represents each current value, to determine the slope of a straight line in the I (current) -V (voltage) characteristic. The result is shown in FIG.
[0023]
As is clear from FIG. 5, the slope of the straight line (internal resistance) of the comparative battery B is large, whereas the slope of the battery A is small. The internal resistance of each battery was 2.9 mΩ and 2.6 mΩ, indicating that the internal resistance of the battery A of the present invention was smaller by 0.3 mΩ. This is because the junction area between the negative electrode current collector 11 and the case 9 is large and the current path from the negative electrode current collector 11 to the case 9 (negative electrode terminal) is short, so that the internal resistance is reduced and high efficiency discharge is possible. It is thought that it became.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the cylindrical storage battery of the present invention, the resistance of the electrode group can be reduced by the current smoothing plate welded to the core material protrusion of the electrode plate protruding in the vertical direction of the electrode group 5, and the battery can be discharged efficiently. It becomes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical storage battery in which a group and a current smoothing plate are connected by resistance. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a current smoothing plate and a current collector in one embodiment of the present invention. ) Characteristics showing the characteristics
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 positive electrode plate 2 negative electrode plate 3 positive electrode core material protrusion 4 negative electrode core material protrusion 5 electrode group 6 separator 7 positive electrode current smoothing plate 8 negative electrode current smoothing plate 9 case 10 positive electrode current collector 11 negative electrode current collector 12 connection lead 13 sealing Body 14a Welding electrode 14b Welding electrode

Claims (3)

正極板と負極板とセパレータよりなり、前記正極板はその先端部分の芯材を上方に突出させ、負極板はその先端部分の芯材を下方へ突出させて渦巻状に巻回し、上方へ突出した正極板の芯材突出部に溶接した正極電流平滑板と下方へ突出した芯材突出部に溶接した負極電流平滑板を有する電極群と、前記正極電流平滑板の上部と溶接した正極集電体と、前記負極電流平滑板の下部と溶接した負極集電体と、これらを内部に収容するとともに負極の出入力端子を兼ねた金属製ケースと、このケースを封口するとともに電気的にケースとは絶縁されていて上方に正極の出入力端子を兼ねたキャップを備えた封口体とからなる円筒型蓄電池。It consists of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. The positive electrode plate has a core material at its tip protruding upward, and the negative electrode plate has a core material at its tip protruding downward, spirally wound, and protruding upward. Electrode group having a positive current smoothing plate welded to the core material protrusion of the positive electrode plate and a negative electrode current smoothing plate welded to the core material protrusion protruding downward, and a positive electrode current collector welded to the upper part of the positive electrode current smoothing plate Body, a negative electrode current collector welded to the lower part of the negative electrode current smoothing plate, a metal case accommodating them and serving also as an input / output terminal of the negative electrode, and sealing the case and electrically forming the case. Is a cylindrical storage battery that is insulated and has a sealing body provided with a cap that also serves as a positive input / output terminal of the positive electrode. 正・負極電流平滑板の厚みは、５０μｍから２００μｍであり、かつ正・負極集電体の厚みは２００μｍから５００μｍである請求項１記載の円筒型蓄電池。The cylindrical storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the positive / negative electrode current smoothing plate is 50 μm to 200 μm, and the thickness of the positive / negative electrode current collector is 200 μm to 500 μm. 正・負極電流平滑板と芯材突出部とは、抵抗溶接、レーザ溶接、電子ビーム溶接のいずれかによって接続された請求項１記載の円筒型蓄電池。2. The cylindrical storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive / negative current smoothing plate and the core material protrusion are connected by any one of resistance welding, laser welding, and electron beam welding.
JP2002304796A 2002-10-18 2002-10-18 Drum-shaped storage battery Pending JP2004139898A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112010005442T5 (en) 2010-04-02 2013-04-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Layered electrode-type battery, method of manufacture thereof, vehicle and device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112010005442T5 (en) 2010-04-02 2013-04-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Layered electrode-type battery, method of manufacture thereof, vehicle and device
US9034500B2 (en) 2010-04-02 2015-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Laminated electrode-type battery, manufacturing method therefor, vehicle, and device
DE112010005442B4 (en) 2010-04-02 2019-07-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Layered electrode-type battery, method of manufacture thereof, vehicle and device

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