JP2004132664A - Utility water treatment system for water vapor compression refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for eliminating the damage cause of a compressor provided inside a water vapor compression refrigerator and reducing the drain blow quantity for controlling water quality. <P>SOLUTION: The water vapor compression refrigerator 14 is provided with an evaporator 14a, a compressor 14b and a condenser 14c. The evaporator 14a guides feed water 16 and circulation water 17 from utility water treatment equipment 15 interposed on a feed water line L as cooled water 14d and evaporates a part of the cooled water 14d. The condenser 14c introduces water vapor compressed and heated at the compressor 14b and cools and condensates the vapor using cooling water 19 guided from a cooling tower 18 provided outside. The water treatment equipment 15 eliminates the damage cause of the compressor 14b and reduces the drain blow quantity for controlling water quality of the circulation water 17 by removing scale components such as calcium contained in the feed water 16 and by pure water treatment or distilled water treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator that performs, for example, water softening treatment and pure water or distilled water treatment for supply water to an evaporator of the steam compression refrigerator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of pump-type circulating cooling system of a steam compression refrigerator has, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. To explain this, reference numeral 1 denotes a steam compression refrigerator, which includes an evaporator 1a, a compressor 1b, and a condenser 1c. The evaporator 1a is provided with a going pipe 2 and a return pipe 3, and a pump 4 is interposed in the going pipe 2 to flow circulating cold water of the going pipe 2 and the return pipe 3 through heat exchangers 11 and 12. It has a cooling function for buildings. Then, the evaporator 1a introduces the makeup water 5 and the circulating cold water and evaporates a part of the circulating cold water while maintaining the pressure at a low level by the operation of the compressor 1b.
The condenser 1c introduces high-temperature steam pressurized by the compressor 1b, and cools and condenses the same with cooling water 7 guided from a cooling tower 6 provided outside via a pump 9. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a vacuum pump for discharging a part of the air contained in the steam and water in the condenser 1c, and 10 a cooling water from the condenser 1c to the cooling tower 6. To pump.
Further, as a conventional technique of this kind, there is a technique according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-181403 filed by the applicant of the present invention and filed. Describing this, the technology is a system for removing the cold and pure water or clean water of a steam compression refrigerator, wherein the steam compression refrigerator includes an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, and the evaporator includes: The circulating water is guided from the ice concentrator and a part of the circulating water is evaporated while the pressure is kept low by the operation of the compressor. Further, the steam compression refrigerator has a configuration in which a heat storage tank or a clean water storage tank is arranged on the output side of the evaporating section via an ice concentrator, and pure water or cold water is supplied from the heat storage tank or the clean water storage tank. To take out. Then, makeup water is directly introduced into the circulating water, and the makeup water is, for example, sewage treatment water having a salt concentration of about 2000 mg / l.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional technology has the configuration described above, the following problem exists.
That is, in the system according to the conventional technology, water evaporates in the evaporator 1a of the steam compression refrigerator 1, and the remaining circulating water gradually concentrates, the salt concentration of the circulating water increases, and the steam compression refrigeration is performed. When the water quality has an adverse effect on the machine 1 and the heat exchangers 11 and 12 of the circulation system, the water quality has been managed by opening the drain valve 13, discharging the circulating water, and supplying the makeup water 5. . In this case, not only the amount of drain water of the circulating water is large, which is against resource saving and energy saving, but also the operating efficiency of the steam compression refrigerator 1 is reduced.
In the water quality management in the conventional steam compression refrigeration system, for example, the total evaporation residue (TDS) of the concentrated water is about 5000 mg / L. Since the residual substance (TDS) is about 200 mg / L, it is used after being concentrated about 25 times.
[0004]
In addition, according to the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-181403, since the water treatment of make-up water introduced into the system for extracting pure water or cold water by the steam compression refrigerator is not performed, the steam compression refrigerator is not used. There is a problem that the scale component is included in the steam flowing into the compressor, which adversely affects the function of the compressor.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a steam compression refrigerator with a water treatment device, wherein the water supplied by the water treatment device is subjected to water softening treatment and pure water or distilled water treatment, and part or all of the circulating cold water is subjected to water softening treatment or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator characterized by the following constitutions and means.
[0006]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the replenishing line includes a steam compression refrigerating machine including an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser for guiding the circulating water, and a replenishing line for guiding the replenishing water to the circulating water. A water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerating machine, wherein a water treatment device is disposed in the system.
[0007]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water treatment apparatus comprises a water softener for controlling a sodium chloride concentration ratio using an ion exchange resin and / or a sodium chloride adding apparatus. It is a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator.
[0008]
According to the invention of claim 3, the water treatment apparatus is a membrane separation apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, and the water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein It is.
[0009]
According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the water treatment apparatus is based on a pure water production apparatus, a distilled water production apparatus, or a pervaporation method using any one of an ion exchange resin, a reverse osmosis membrane, and an electrodialysis membrane. The water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, which is a water production device.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to the present invention will be described in detail.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to the present invention.
[0012]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a steam compression refrigerator, which includes an evaporator 14a, a compressor 14b, and a condenser 14c. The evaporator 14a guides the make-up water 16 and the circulating water 17, 17 from the water treatment device 15 interposed in the make-up water line L as cold water 14d, and keeps the cold water 14d while maintaining the low pressure by the operation of the compressor 14b. Evaporate a part of it. The compressor 14b pressurizes steam introduced from the evaporator 14a under predetermined conditions. The condenser 14c introduces steam which has been pressurized and has a high temperature by the compressor 14b, and cools and condenses the same with cooling water 19 introduced from a cooling tower 18 provided outside. Reference numeral 20 denotes a vacuum pump, which discharges a part of air contained in water vapor and water accumulated in the condenser 14c.
[0013]
In the drawing, reference numerals 21a and 21b denote cooling water pumps, respectively, for flowing cooling water 19 from the cooling tower 18 to the condenser 14c.
[0014]
As the replenishing water 16, various types of water such as seawater, river water, sewage treatment water, wastewater treatment water, industrial water, and clean water are used.
[0015]
The cooling tower 18 is an auxiliary facility of the steam compression refrigerator 14, and sends cooling water 19 guided from the condenser 14c by a cooling water pump 21a. Then, the cooling tower 18 introduces cooling water 19 into the condenser 14c by a cooling pump 21b. Further, the cooling tower 18 has a function of discharging the heat of the cooling water 19 whose temperature has been raised by condensing the water vapor to the atmosphere in the condenser 14c.
Reference numeral 22 denotes a cold water pipe through which cold water 14d is pumped from the evaporator 14a by the pumps 22a, 22a and interposed with heat exchangers 23, 23 as heat exchange means installed at each level of the building. Let me. One end of the cold water pipe 22 is connected to the output end of the evaporator 14a, and the other end is connected to the input end of the evaporator 14a via heat exchangers 23,23.
[0016]
In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a drain valve installed at the lowermost part of the cold water pipe 22, which has a function of partially discharging the cold water 14d in the cold water pipe 22.
[0017]
Next, the operation and the like of the embodiment in the water treatment system for the steam compression refrigerator according to the present invention will be described.
When the compressor 14b of the steam compression refrigerator 14 operates, the cold water 14d from the evaporator 14a is sent to the cold water pipe 22. Here, if a cooling radiant panel is used for the heat exchanger as the heat exchange means 23 to cool the air-conditioned room on each floor of the building, the water temperature of the cold water 14d from the evaporator 14a is set to, for example, 18 ° C., and the cold water 14d The difference between the water temperature of the cooling water 19 of the condenser 14c and that of the condenser 14c allows the steam compression refrigerator 14 to operate with high efficiency.
According to a trial calculation, when the outlet cooling water temperature of the steam compression refrigerator 14 is set to 34 ° C., the coefficient of performance of the steam compression refrigerator 14 alone becomes about 8 to 10 from the water temperature of the cold water 14 d of 18 ° C. In the system of the present invention, the cold water 14d sent to the cooling radiation panel as the heat exchange means 23 is cooled in the evaporator 14a of the steam compression refrigerator 14, and the cold water 14d is used for cooling.
[0018]
Here, the water treatment device 15 and the like will be described.
FIG. 1 shows a relationship between a water treatment device 15 for supplying make-up water 16 to an evaporator 14a of a steam compression refrigerator 14 in a steam compression refrigerator system and a drain blow for discharging a part of the cold water 14d by a drain valve 24. This water treatment apparatus 15 is subjected to water treatment by two methods. That is, one of them is to perform water treatment so as not to adversely affect the compressor 14b of the steam compression refrigerator 14, and to perform water quality management by reducing the amount of drain blow for discharging the cold water 14d. That is, in the case of water quality control by drain blow, the water treatment device 15 is provided with a water softener and / or a sodium chloride addition device for controlling a sodium chloride concentration ratio using an ion exchange resin, a reverse osmosis membrane, or ultrafiltration. A membrane separation device that separates and removes scale components using a membrane is applied. The other is a case where the water quality control by the drain blow is not required, and the water treatment device 15 is a pure water using any one of an ion exchange resin, a reverse osmosis membrane, and an electrodialysis membrane. A manufacturing apparatus, a distilled water manufacturing apparatus, or a water manufacturing apparatus using a pervaporation method is applied.
[0019]
The water treatment system according to the present invention controls the proportion of the circulating water 17 or the cold water 14d or the scale component accompanying the steam which is finally concentrated by evaporation of the water so as not to adversely affect the steam compression refrigerator 14. It is. As a scale component that damages the compressor 14b, a calcium compound is well known. In a water softener and / or a sodium chloride addition device that controls the concentration ratio of sodium chloride using an ion exchange resin, the sodium ions added to the cation exchange resin are replaced with calcium ions contained in the service water or makeup water 16. Thus, by adjusting the ratio of the sodium compound and the calcium compound in the water or makeup water 16 supplied to the evaporator 14a of the steam compression refrigerator 14 to, for example, 10: 1, the compressor 14b can be operated even if the concentrated water is scattered. The circulating water 17 or the cold water 14d is not damaged.
According to this configuration, when the concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) in concentrated water that does not damage the compressor 14b is set to about 5,000 mg / l and the make-up water 16 is made up of tap water having a NaCl concentration of about 50 mg / l, 100 times. Available with some degree of concentration.
[0020]
In addition, a membrane separation device as a reverse osmosis membrane treatment means for separating and removing scale components using a reverse osmosis membrane is a device which normally separates a compound having a molecular weight of 500 or less as a separation target. Separation by a membrane or membrane separation utilizing a difference in permeability between a sodium compound and a calcium compound can be applied. When water is treated by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment means, the calcium compound concentration can be about 0 to 2 mg / l and the sodium compound concentration can be about 0 to 20 mg / l, and the treated water is about 250 times to about 500 times. It can be used in about double concentration.
[0021]
Further, a membrane separation device as a process for separating and removing scale components using an ultrafiltration membrane is a device applied to separation of a compound having a higher molecular weight than a reverse osmosis membrane treatment, for example, a compound having a molecular weight of 500 or more. When the scale component is integrated with other dirt components, it can be applied to the removal of the scale component.
It has been found that this apparatus can significantly reduce the amount of blow water by the drain valve 24 to about 1/4 to 1/20 of that of the conventional system.
[0022]
In addition, when the makeup water 16 to the steam compression refrigerator 14 is treated with pure water or distilled water and the water quality control by blowing the drain valve 24 is hardly necessary, the water treatment device 15 is provided with the ion exchange as described above. Pure water production equipment using resin means, pure water production equipment using reverse osmosis membrane treatment means, pure water production equipment using electrodialysis membrane means, distilled water production equipment using evaporation method or water by pervaporation method There are manufacturing equipment.
The pure water producing apparatus using the ion exchange resin means treats the water with a cation exchange resin to which H ⁺ has been added in advance and an anion exchange resin to which OH ⁻ has been added, so that the water or makeup water 16 can be treated. The positive ions and negative ions in the medium are exchanged for H ⁺ and OH ⁻ , and finally H ₂₀ (pure water). The apparatus for producing pure water using reverse osmosis membrane treatment means separates solutes contained in service water or makeup water 16 by membrane. For example, according to reverse osmosis membrane means used for desalination of seawater, sodium chloride is excluded. The ratio is about 90 to 99%, that is, high pure water. The quality of the treated pure water depends on the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane means used.
[0023]
Further, the pure water producing apparatus using the electrodialysis membrane, when there is an ionized inorganic substance in the service water or make-up water 16, introduces the service water or make-up water 1b into a container having a positive electrode and a negative electrode. When a current is applied, a partition is provided using a membrane that can selectively pass, stop, or exchange only cations or anions, that is, an ion exchange membrane, so that ionic species and moisture can be separated. In a distilled water producing apparatus using an evaporation method, distilled water can be obtained by heating evaporation, steam compression, or the like as a water evaporation method.
Further, a water production apparatus using a pervaporation method separates a container with a so-called pervaporation membrane that allows water vapor to pass but does not allow liquid water to pass therethrough, fills it with water on one side, passes water vapor only, and obtains water close to distilled water. is there.
[0024]
The system for treating the make-up water 16 of the steam compression refrigerator 14 with pure water or distilled water supplies pure water or distilled water to the evaporator 14a of the steam compression refrigerator 14 so that the circulating water 17 and the cold water 14d are removed. The concentration becomes very slow, and almost no blow water management by the drain valve 24 is required.
However, depending on the quality of the service water and makeup water 16, the concentrated cold water 14d may be blown and drained about once every several years.
In the system according to the present invention, a part or all of the circulating water 17 may be passed through the water treatment device 15 instead of the makeup water 16, and in this case, the evaporator 14a of the steam compression refrigerator 14 A part or all of the cold water 14d circulating in the cold water pipe 22 or the like can be subjected to water treatment by the above-described means.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
The water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to the present invention has the above-described configuration and operation, and thus has the following effects.
[0026]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the replenishing line includes a steam compression refrigerating machine including an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser for guiding the circulating water, and a replenishing line for guiding the replenishing water to the circulating water. And a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator.
With such a configuration, the water or makeup water supplied to the evaporator of the steam compression refrigerator is subjected to the water softening treatment and the pure water treatment or the distilled water treatment by the water treatment device, and the circulating water flowing through the system. Alternatively, a part or all of the cold water is also subjected to a water softening treatment or the like, which has an effect of preventing damage to the compressor due to scattering of concentrated water of the steam compression refrigerator.
[0027]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water treatment apparatus comprises a water softener for controlling a sodium chloride concentration ratio using an ion exchange resin and / or a sodium chloride adding apparatus. Provided is a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator.
With such a configuration, the water treatment apparatus is composed of simple means, that is, a water softener and a sodium chloride addition apparatus. In addition to the effects of the invention of claim 1, water quality management by drain blow is extremely appropriate. There is an effect to make it.
[0028]
According to the invention of claim 3, the water treatment apparatus is a membrane separation apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, and the water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein I will provide a.
With such a configuration, the water treatment apparatus is constituted by simple means, that is, a membrane separation apparatus, so that large scale components such as calcium in the water or makeup water can be removed without adding sodium chloride. In addition to the effects of the first aspect of the present invention, there is an effect of preventing corrosion of the cold water pipe.
[0029]
According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the water treatment apparatus is based on a pure water production apparatus, a distilled water production apparatus, or a pervaporation method using any one of an ion exchange resin, a reverse osmosis membrane, and an electrodialysis membrane. A water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the water treatment system comprises a water production device.
With such a configuration, in particular, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the present invention, there is an effect that it is suitable for a system that does not require water quality management by drain blow.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a pump-type circulating cooling system of a steam compression refrigerator in the related art.
[Explanation of symbols]
14 Steam compression refrigerator 14a Evaporator 14b Compressor 14c Condenser 14d Cold water 15 Water treatment device 16 Make-up water 17 Circulating water 18 Cooling tower 19 Cooling water 20 Vacuum pumps 21a, 21b Cooling water pump 22 Cold water pipe 22a Pump 23 Heat exchange means (Heat exchanger)
24 Drain valve

Claims (4)

A water treatment device is provided in the supply line in a configuration including a vapor compression refrigerator configured to include an evaporator that guides the circulating water, a compressor, and a condenser, and a supply line that guides the supply water to the circulating water. Water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator. The water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the water treatment device comprises a water softener and / or a sodium chloride addition device for controlling a sodium chloride concentration ratio using an ion exchange resin. The water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the water treatment device is a membrane separation device using a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. The water treatment apparatus is characterized in that the apparatus is a pure water production apparatus using any of an ion exchange resin, a reverse osmosis membrane, and an electrodialysis membrane, a distilled water production apparatus, or a water production apparatus based on a pervaporation method. The water treatment system for a steam compression refrigerator according to claim 1.

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